A method and device for constructing a force prediction model for key parts of a bridge rotation based on response surface methodology

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and device for constructing a force prediction model for key parts of a bridge rotation based on a response surface method, which belongs to the technical field of bridge construction safety management and solves the problem that the prior art easily leads to the risk of damage to the bridge structure. The present invention constructs a proportional bridge finite element simulation model; performs parameter analysis on the bridge structure finite element simulation model, extracts critical data of vulnerable parts, matches and extracts the critical data with corresponding parameter data to generate a first form; brings the data of the first form into the response surface method model to establish a force prediction model for key parts of the bridge rotation, and obtains stress-strain prediction models corresponding to different situations; constructs a proportional bridge building information model to dynamically simulate the bridge rotation process, and sets detection components at vulnerable parts; sets corresponding parameters in the detection components, and the corresponding parameters are stress-strain prediction models. The present invention is used for constructing a force prediction model for key parts of a beam rotation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] A method and device for constructing a force prediction model for key parts of a bridge rotation based on a response surface method are used for constructing a force prediction model for key parts of a beam rotation, and belong to the technical field of bridge construction safety management. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of economy and technology, the number of expressways has increased dramatically. Many expressways intersect with the up and down lines of existing railways. Therefore, bridge rotation construction is often carried out on the cross-line parts. Construction is carried out at the designed positions on both sides of the existing railway. After the bridge structure construction is completed, the beam body is rotated in conjunction with the rotation device. This has the advantages of not interfering with traffic, fast construction, and economic benefits.

[0003] During the rotation construction process, the span of the bridge structure is large, and it is easy to produce large strains due to wind loads and temperature loads. In addition, under the action of traction, the spherical joints of the bridge structure are also prone to strong stress, which in turn leads to the risk of damage to the bridge structure. In the actual construction process, due to the volume and difficulty of the construction, it is difficult to monitor the vulnerable parts of the bridge structure, and it is impossible to timely obtain the force response and deformation state of the structure.

[0004] In summary, the prior art has the following technical problems:

[0005] 1. Existing technologies are limited by the volume and difficulty of construction, making it difficult to monitor vulnerable parts of bridge structures and to obtain the stress response and deformation state of the structure in a timely manner, which can easily lead to the risk of damage to the bridge structure;

[0006] 2. The existing technology can only rely on experience when monitoring and controlling bridge rotation. There is no accurate numerical support for the rotation process and results, which leads to low accuracy of bridge rotation and is prone to errors, resulting in adverse situations such as rotation failure.

[0007] 3. The bridge rotation process failed to be visualized, and the rotation process had poor traceability, resulting in the lack of rotation construction project information after the later bridge construction, causing inconvenience for the tracing of subsequent engineering quality issues. There was also no relevant information available for reference during the bridge maintenance stage during the operation and maintenance period. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for constructing a force prediction model for key parts of a bridge rotation based on the response surface method, so as to solve the problem that the prior art is limited by the volume and difficulty of construction, making it difficult to monitor the vulnerable parts of the bridge structure, and unable to timely obtain the force response and deformation state of the structure, which easily leads to the risk of damage to the bridge structure.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0010] A method for constructing a force prediction model for key parts of a bridge rotation based on a response surface method comprises the following steps:

[0011] Step S1, constructing a proportional bridge structure finite element simulation model and a proportional bridge building information model based on the construction drawings of the actual engineering bridge structure, and dynamically simulating the bridge rotation process based on the bridge building information model, and setting detection components at vulnerable parts, wherein the vulnerable parts include the rotation ball joint part, the part where the upper beam body is connected to the bridge pier, the rotation ball joint part includes the upper ball joint and the lower ball joint, and the detection components include the temporary pier, the middle pier slideway beam and the auxiliary slideway beam, the steel truss, the middle pier, the middle pier support foot, the steel truss line shape and the middle pier foundation settlement;

[0012] Step S2, performing different parameter combination analysis on the finite element simulation model of the bridge structure to obtain stress-strain data of the bridge structure under different working conditions and motion state data of the bridge structure connected to the rotating beam, wherein the parameter combination includes wind load, temperature load and traction, the stress-strain data includes Von Mi ses equivalent stress data and strain data, the strain data = Von Mi ses equivalent stress data / elastic modulus, the elastic modulus is a fixed value determined by the material properties, and the motion state data includes angular velocity, angular acceleration and inertial braking distance;

[0013] Step S3, according to the analysis results of the finite element simulation model of the bridge structure, extract the critical data of the vulnerable parts, match and extract the critical data with the corresponding parameter combination data to generate a first form, wherein the first form includes the limit value, parameters and vulnerable parts in the stress-strain data, and the angular velocity, angular acceleration and inertia braking distance of the bridge, and the limit value is the maximum Von Mi ses equivalent stress value that the vulnerable parts can withstand;

[0014] Step S4, bringing the data of the first form into the response surface method model to establish a force prediction model for key parts of the bridge rotation, that is, obtaining prediction models for key monitoring items corresponding to different situations, including a stress-strain prediction sub-model, a rotational friction torque prediction sub-model at the rotational ball joint, a total torque prediction sub-model generated by the continuous beam in the acceleration stage, an acceleration prediction sub-model, a maximum torsional shear stress prediction sub-model, a limit rotation acceleration prediction sub-model and an inertia braking distance prediction sub-model;

[0015] Step S5: Calculate the corresponding parameters of the detection components based on the key monitoring item prediction model obtained in step S4 and integrate and display them in the bridge building information model.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S1, based on the construction drawings of the actual engineering bridge structure, a proportional bridge structure finite element simulation model is constructed using ABAQUS finite element analysis software, and a proportional bridge building information model is constructed using Revit software.

[0017] Further, in step S4,

[0018] The formula of the stress prediction submodel in the stress-strain prediction submodel is:

[0019] Von = {0.06-3.91e -5 R a -4.56e -6 R b -2.16e -5 R c -5.54e -10 R a R b -1.5e -8 R a R c +1.98e -9 R b R c

[0020] +1.96e -8 R a 2 +5.158e -10 R b 2 +3.95e -8 R c 2} -1

[0021] Where Von represents the stress value, R a is the support radius of the bridge substructure, R b is the radius of curvature, R c is the radius of the pin connecting the upper and lower ball joints;

[0022] The formula of the strain prediction sub-model in the stress-strain prediction sub-model is:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, ε represents the strain value, E is the elastic modulus of the construction material, and σ represents the stress value;

[0025] The formula of the rotational friction torque prediction sub-model at the swivel spherical joint is:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, Mz is the rotational friction torque, M s is the rotational friction torque to be integrated, μ is the friction coefficient of the spherical joint interface, and p0 is the contact pressure of each node of the spherical joint interface, which has a fitting relationship with the center distance of the pin: p0 = Ar 3 +Bxr 3 +Cr+D,r=Rsinθ, R is the radius of curvature of the spherical joint interface, γ is the angle between the radius of curvature of the spherical joint through the pin hole and the vertical centerline through the spherical joint center, β is the angle between the radius of curvature of the spherical joint through the support radius and the vertical centerline through the sphere center. To simplify the subsequent expression, the integral formula is simplified to f(p0,r1,r2,R), r1 and r2 are the radius of the pin hole and the support radius in the spherical joint, θ and α are variables to be fitted, representing the integral variables in two different integrals, A, B, C and D are undetermined conventional numbers, and x represents the undetermined conventional number; the simplified formula is:

[0028] M z =2πμR 3 f(p0,r1,r2,R)

[0029] The formula for the total torque prediction sub-model generated by the continuous beam during the acceleration phase is:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, T z It represents the total torque generated by the continuous beam during the acceleration stage, J z is the moment of inertia, ω a is the angular acceleration, m i is the mass of the i-th block in the continuous beam, i.e., the mass of the i-th block increasing from the middle to the side, l i is the length of the i-th block in the continuous beam, d i is the distance from the center of gravity of block No. i to the center line of the beam, m0 is the mass of block No. 0, i.e. the mass of the middle block, l0 is the length of block No. 0, and n represents the total number of blocks;

[0032] The formula of the acceleration prediction sub-model based on the rotational friction torque prediction sub-model at the swivel spherical joint is:

[0033]

[0034] Where FD represents the dynamic torque, ω z represents the acceleration, n represents the total number of blocks;

[0035] When the angular velocity of the continuous beam enters the uniform velocity stage, the formula of the traction force prediction sub-model is:

[0036]

[0037] T z =0

[0038] Among them, F represents the traction force, and D represents the ball joint diameter;

[0039] The formula of the maximum torsional shear stress prediction sub-model is:

[0040]

[0041] Among them, W p is the torsional section coefficient of the weak section at the bottom of the main pier, τ max represents the maximum torsional shear stress; the formula of the limit rotation acceleration prediction sub-model is:

[0042]

[0043] Where J is the moment of inertia, y is the distance from the center of the bend to the edge, I is the moment of inertia of the root section, and f t represents the limiting rotational acceleration;

[0044] The formula of the inertia braking distance prediction sub-model is:

[0045]

[0046] W1=M1θ

[0047] Among them, r i represents the distance from block i to the center of rotation, W1 is the kinetic energy of rotation, M1 is the friction torque, m represents the mass of the entire bridge, θ represents the acceleration determined by the kinetic energy of rotation and the friction torque, the rotation angle of the bridge under the action of inertia is determined by the kinetic energy of rotation and the friction torque, and then the inertial braking distance is calculated according to the beam length:

[0048]

[0049] Where r is the distance from the farthest end of the bridge to the center of rotation, It represents the rotation angle of the bridge under the action of inertia, which is determined by the rotational kinetic energy and friction torque.

[0050] A device for constructing a force prediction model for key parts of a bridge rotation based on a response surface method, comprising:

[0051] Model building module: Based on the construction drawings of the actual engineering bridge structure, a proportional bridge structure finite element simulation model and a proportional bridge building information model are constructed. Based on the bridge building information model, a dynamic simulation of the bridge rotation process is performed, and detection components are set at vulnerable parts, where the vulnerable parts include the rotation ball joint part and the part where the upper beam body is connected to the bridge pier. The rotation ball joint part includes the upper ball joint and the lower ball joint. The detection components include temporary piers, middle pier slideway beams and auxiliary slideway beams, steel trusses, middle piers, middle pier support feet, steel truss line shape and middle pier foundation settlement;

[0052] Data analysis module: Analyze different parameter combinations of the finite element simulation model of the bridge structure to obtain the stress-strain data of the bridge structure under different working conditions and the motion state data of the bridge structure connected to the rotating beam. The parameter combination includes wind load, temperature load and traction. The stress-strain data includes Von Mi ses equivalent stress data and strain data. Strain data = Von Mi ses equivalent stress data / elastic modulus. The elastic modulus is a fixed value determined by the material properties. The motion state data includes angular velocity, angular acceleration and inertial braking distance.

[0053] Table generation module: According to the analysis results of the finite element simulation model of the bridge structure, the critical data of the vulnerable parts are extracted, and the critical data are matched and extracted with the corresponding parameter combination data to generate a first table, wherein the first table includes the limit value, parameters and vulnerable parts in the stress-strain data, as well as the angular velocity, angular acceleration and inertia braking distance of the bridge, and the limit value is the maximum Von Mi ses equivalent stress value that the vulnerable parts can withstand;

[0054] Key monitoring item prediction model construction module: bring the data of the first form into the response surface method model to establish the force prediction model of the key parts of the bridge rotation, that is, obtain the key monitoring item prediction model corresponding to different situations, including stress-strain prediction sub-model, rotational friction torque prediction sub-model at the rotational ball joint, total torque prediction sub-model generated by the continuous beam in the acceleration stage, acceleration prediction sub-model, maximum torsional shear stress prediction sub-model, limit rotation acceleration prediction sub-model and inertia braking distance prediction sub-model;

[0055] Integrated display module: Based on the obtained prediction model of key monitoring items, the corresponding parameters of the detection components are calculated and integrated and displayed in the bridge building information model.

[0056] Furthermore, the model building module uses ABAQUS finite element analysis software to build a proportional bridge structure finite element simulation model based on the construction drawings of the actual engineering bridge structure, and uses Revit software to build a proportional bridge building information model.

[0057] Furthermore, in the key monitoring item prediction model construction module,

[0058] The formula of the stress prediction submodel in the stress-strain prediction submodel is:

[0059] Von = {0.06-3.91e -5 R a -4.56e -6 R b -2.16e -5 R c -5.54e -10 R a R b -1.5e -8 R a R c +1.98e -9 R b R c

[0060] +1.96e -8 R a 2 +5.158e -10 R b 2 +3.95e -8 R c 2} -1

[0061] Where Von represents the stress value, R a is the support radius of the bridge substructure, R b is the radius of curvature, R c is the radius of the pin connecting the upper and lower ball joints;

[0062] The formula of the strain prediction sub-model in the stress-strain prediction sub-model is:

[0063]

[0064] Among them, ε represents the strain value, E is the elastic modulus of the construction material, and σ represents the stress value;

[0065] The formula of the rotational friction torque prediction sub-model at the swivel spherical joint is:

[0066]

[0067] Among them, M z is the rotational friction torque, M s is the rotational friction torque to be integrated, μ is the friction coefficient of the spherical joint interface, and p0 is the contact pressure of each node of the spherical joint interface, which has a fitting relationship with the center distance of the pin: p0 = Ar 3 +Bxr 3+Cr+D,r=Rsinθ, R is the radius of curvature of the spherical joint interface, γ is the angle between the radius of curvature of the spherical joint through the pin hole and the vertical centerline through the spherical joint center, β is the angle between the radius of curvature of the spherical joint through the support radius and the vertical centerline through the sphere center. To simplify the subsequent expression, the integral formula is simplified to f(p0,r1,r2,R), r1 and r2 are the radius of the pin hole and the support radius in the spherical joint, θ and α are variables to be fitted, representing the integral variables in two different integrals, A, B, C and D are undetermined conventional numbers, and x represents the undetermined conventional number; the simplified formula is:

[0068] M z =2πμR 3 f(p0,r1,r2,R)

[0069] The formula for the total torque prediction sub-model generated by the continuous beam during the acceleration phase is:

[0070]

[0071] Among them, T z It represents the total torque generated by the continuous beam during the acceleration stage, J z is the moment of inertia, ω a is the angular acceleration, m i is the mass of the i-th block in the continuous beam, i.e., the mass of the i-th block increasing from the middle to the side, l i is the length of the i-th block in the continuous beam, d i is the distance from the center of gravity of block No. i to the center line of the beam, m0 is the mass of block No. 0, i.e. the mass of the middle block, l0 is the length of block No. 0, and n represents the total number of blocks;

[0072] The formula of the acceleration prediction sub-model based on the rotational friction torque prediction sub-model at the swivel spherical joint is:

[0073]

[0074] Where FD represents the dynamic torque, ω z represents the acceleration, n represents the total number of blocks;

[0075] When the angular velocity of the continuous beam enters the uniform velocity stage, the formula of the traction force prediction sub-model is:

[0076]

[0077] T z =0

[0078] Among them, F represents the traction force, and D represents the ball joint diameter;

[0079] The formula of the maximum torsional shear stress prediction sub-model is:

[0080]

[0081] Among them, W p is the torsional section coefficient of the weak section at the bottom of the main pier, τ max represents the maximum torsional shear stress; the formula of the limit rotation acceleration prediction sub-model is:

[0082]

[0083] Where J is the moment of inertia, y is the distance from the center of the bend to the edge, I is the moment of inertia of the root section, and f t represents the limiting rotational acceleration;

[0084] The formula of the inertia braking distance prediction sub-model is:

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] W1=M1θ

[0088] Among them, r i represents the distance from block i to the center of rotation, W1 is the kinetic energy of rotation, M1 is the friction torque, m represents the mass of the entire bridge, θ represents the acceleration determined by the kinetic energy of rotation and the friction torque, the rotation angle of the bridge under the action of inertia is determined by the kinetic energy of rotation and the friction torque, and then the inertial braking distance is calculated according to the beam length:

[0089]

[0090] Where r is the distance from the farthest end of the bridge to the center of rotation, It represents the rotation angle of the bridge under the action of inertia, which is determined by the rotational kinetic energy and friction torque.

[0091] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0092] 1. The present invention realizes the monitoring of stress and strain conditions of vulnerable parts of bridges by constructing a prediction model for key monitoring items, effectively obtains the force response and deformation state of the bridge structure, and effectively avoids the undesirable situation of damage to the bridge during the rotation process by real-time detection of vulnerable parts of the bridge;

[0093] Second, the present invention realizes the visualization of the whole process and data of the bridge rotation process through the coordination of the visualization model (bridge building information model) and the prediction model of key monitoring items. With the help of various sensors, the numerical value of the bridge rotation process and the stability evaluation data of the current state are obtained in time, thereby improving the success rate and controllability of the bridge rotation.

[0094] 3. The present invention can record the entire rotation process, ensure the integrity of the bridge rotation construction control information, monitoring information, and construction information, and facilitate data tracing for subsequent maintenance and operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0095] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0096] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the algorithm logic of a steel bar cutting optimization method provided by the present application;

[0097] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of response surface methodology model validation;

[0098] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of twin system data monitoring;

[0099] Figure 4 It is a simulation diagram of the BIM model (bridge building information model);

[0100] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the traction force variation during the bridge rotation process;

[0101] Figure 6 It is a diagram of the bridge rotation algorithm application system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0102] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0103] There are many reasons why a rotating bridge becomes unstable during rotation, including earthquakes, wind force at the rotation site, unbalanced rotation traction, imbalance of the bridge structure itself, uneven friction force of the ball joint, and mechanical failure at the construction site. This study combines the problems encountered during the actual construction of the rotating bridge, compares relevant studies, and explores the impact of wind load, unbalanced traction, unbalanced counterweight, and superstructure deflection on the structural state of the rotating bridge. Taking into account the needs of dynamic simulation and coordinated control, stress, displacement, temperature, wind and wind-induced response, rotation angle, rotation speed, and rotation traction are determined as key monitoring items for the rotation construction of continuous beams.

[0104] In order to solve the problem of continuous beam rotation control, a continuous beam rotation model (bridge building information model) and monitoring points of the physical structure were designed, simulation analysis of the continuous beam rotation was carried out, the internal force conversion mechanism during the continuous beam rotation process was established, and the basic construction of the dynamic monitoring system for the continuous beam rotation construction was realized.

[0105] Statistics of key monitoring items and monitoring locations

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] A method for constructing a force prediction model for key parts of a bridge rotation comprises the following steps:

[0109] Step S1, constructing a proportional bridge structure finite element simulation model and a proportional bridge building information model based on the construction drawings of the actual engineering bridge structure, and dynamically simulating the bridge rotation process based on the bridge building information model, and setting detection components at vulnerable parts, wherein the vulnerable parts include the rotation ball joint part, the part where the upper beam body is connected to the bridge pier, the rotation ball joint part includes the upper ball joint and the lower ball joint, and the detection components include the temporary pier, the middle pier slideway beam and the auxiliary slideway beam, the steel truss, the middle pier, the middle pier support foot, the steel truss line shape and the middle pier foundation settlement;

[0110] In order to monitor the rotation problem, ABAQUS finite element analysis software is used to deal with the bridge rotation problem, that is, to simulate and analyze the rotation behavior of the continuous beam rotation construction. With the help of ABAQUS, finite element models of the various parts of the bridge structure can be created, and appropriate constraints and load conditions can be applied to simulate the actual working conditions of the bridge. The modeling process of the finite element simulation model of the bridge structure includes: components-material properties-meshing-boundary condition input-contact definition-modal setting-analysis type and loading conditions-simulation-calculation result display. Compared with ANSYS, ABAQUS has stronger open source. The modeling files required for ABAQUS modeling and the result files required for result analysis can support the import and export of the server. Using this feature, the online platform can be connected with the ABAQUS on the server, which can make it possible to convert the rotation parameters online and use ABAQUS to analyze the rotation process in time.

[0111] Construct a finite element stress analysis model, that is, construct a proportional finite element simulation model of the bridge structure. Since the ball joint is the main stress-bearing part during the rotation of the rotating bridge and is a vulnerable part in the entire bridge structure, a refined model is constructed for the ball joint and its related parts, and a simplified model is constructed for other parts to ensure the calculation and convergence efficiency of the model. The construction of a proportional finite element simulation model of the bridge structure using ABAQUS finite element analysis software includes the following contents:

[0112] Guided by the above modeling ideas, the full-bridge rotation model is disassembled. The full-bridge rotation model includes: upper beam, piers, upper turntable, ball joint, cap and foundation.

[0113] In order to better simulate the stress state of each part of the whole bridge structure during stress, the above disassembled model is divided into different units and structures:

[0114] ① Upper beam: In order to simulate the mechanical properties of the upper beam after temperature changes and wind load changes while ensuring the calculation efficiency of the overall model, the upper beam is constructed using shell elements.

[0115] ② Bridge piers: Bridge piers are important force transmission parts of the overall structure. In order to ensure that the load of the upper beam can be effectively transmitted to the ball joint through the bridge piers, and the ball joint can stably drive the upper beam to rotate through the bridge piers, the bridge piers are constructed with solid units.

[0116] ③Upper turntable: It is constructed using solid units for the same reason as the pier construction.

[0117] ④ Ball joint: As an important force-bearing part in the rotation of continuous beams, the ball joint is modeled in detail. The ball joint is divided into an upper ball joint and a lower ball joint. Both are constructed using solid units to ensure smooth force transmission. In the rotation simulation process, the surfaces of the upper and lower ball joints will not penetrate each other.

[0118] During the finite element calculation process, the shell unit will not directly transfer the normal stress between adjacent surfaces during the simulation process. However, the normal stress of the ball joint during the rotation process is an important monitoring item. The use of solid unit modeling can further ensure the accuracy of the simulation calculation results.

[0119] ⑤ Cap and foundation: The cap and foundation are simplified and modeled, and the foundation is expressed in the form of constraints and constructed as the bottom constraint of the cap. Considering the convergence degree of subsequent model calculations, the cap is constructed using solid units.

[0120] Combined with the above model division scheme, the definition principle of contact of the continuous beam rotation bridge model is proposed:

[0121] ① The components of the full-bridge model cannot directly penetrate each other during the simulation process;

[0122] ②The pins used for the upper and lower ball joint connections do not participate in load transfer;

[0123] ③The friction between each component needs to be considered separately and defined in the form of variables.

[0124] Contact refers to the situation where two surfaces that are not in contact are squeezed and contacted by external forces, resulting in deformation and a tendency or result of mutual displacement. When in contact, the two contact surfaces can penetrate each other, thereby transmitting normal pressure and tangential friction. One thing to note is that the contact surfaces do not always maintain contact, but can also move away from each other.

[0125] Based on the above principles, the contacts between components are classified and set:

[0126] ①Contact definition between upper beam and pier

[0127] The upper beam and the pier are connected by binding constraints. Binding constraints can better simulate the coordination relationship between the beam and the pier. After the binding constraints are used, the motion states of the beam and the pier in each degree of freedom are consistent, and the force coordination relationship is consistent with the actual situation.

[0128] ②Contact definition between the bridge pier and the upper turntable

[0129] The bridge pier and the upper turntable are connected by binding constraints. Since the binding constraints can ensure the synchronous movement of the bridge pier and the upper turntable, the binding constraints can better realize the rotation simulation of the beam and the bridge pier, and can also better simulate the stress state of the ball joint.

[0130] ③Other parts

[0131] In addition to the above-mentioned binding constraint contact, hard contact is set between the components to ensure that the components will not penetrate each other during the simulation process. In order to better simulate the force transmission mode of the rotation process, friction contact with penalty parameters is set between the components, and the torque transmission between the components can be achieved through friction contact.

[0132] In order to obtain the optimal values ​​of the maximum torsional shear stress, angular acceleration and inertial braking distance in the continuous beam rotation control, a large amount of simulation data of parameter changes in the continuous beam rotation process is required. If only the finite element model is relied on for parameter changes, it is difficult to construct and calculate a sufficient number of simulation models to meet the needs of creating a mathematical model of the maximum torsional shear stress, angular acceleration and inertial braking distance due to the modeling cost and calculation cost of the full-bridge finite element model. Therefore, the present invention proposes a solution to fit the calculation results of some variable parameter calculation models through a response surface method model to construct a mathematical model of the maximum torsional shear stress, angular acceleration and inertial braking distance.

[0133] The analysis of response surface contour lines seeks the optimal process parameters. It is a statistical method that fits the functional relationship between factors and response values ​​in a small area with a simple first-order or second-order polynomial model to fit the complex unknown functional relationship. It is suitable for solving related problems of nonlinear data processing. It includes many experimental and statistical techniques such as experimental design, modeling, testing model suitability, and seeking the best combination conditions. Through the regression fitting of the rotation process and the drawing of response surfaces and contour lines, the response values ​​for each factor level can be easily obtained. Based on the response values ​​of each factor level, the predicted optimal response value and the corresponding experimental conditions are found.

[0134] Step S2, performing different parameter combination analysis on the finite element simulation model of the bridge structure to obtain stress-strain data of the bridge structure under different working conditions and motion state data of the bridge structure connected to the rotating beam, wherein the parameter combination includes wind load, temperature load and traction, the stress-strain data includes Von Mi ses equivalent stress data and strain data, the strain data = Von Mi ses equivalent stress data / elastic modulus, the elastic modulus is a fixed value determined by the material properties, and the motion state data includes angular velocity, angular acceleration and inertial braking distance;

[0135] Step S3, extracting critical data of vulnerable parts according to the analysis results of the finite element simulation model of the bridge structure, matching and extracting the critical data with corresponding parameter combination data to generate a first form, wherein the first form includes limit values, parameters and vulnerable parts in the stress-strain data, as well as the angular velocity, angular acceleration and inertial braking distance of the bridge, and the limit value is the maximum Von Mises equivalent stress value that the vulnerable part can withstand;

[0136] Step S4, bringing the data of the first form into the response surface method model to establish a force prediction model for key parts of the bridge rotation, that is, obtaining prediction models for key monitoring items corresponding to different situations, including a stress-strain prediction sub-model, a rotational friction torque prediction sub-model at the rotational ball joint, a total torque prediction sub-model generated by the continuous beam in the acceleration stage, an acceleration prediction sub-model, a maximum torsional shear stress prediction sub-model, a limit rotation acceleration prediction sub-model and an inertia braking distance prediction sub-model;

[0137] The formula of the stress prediction submodel in the stress-strain prediction submodel is:

[0138] Von = {0.06-3.91e -5 R a -4.56e -6 R b -2.16e -5 R c -5.54e -10 R a R b -1.5e -8 R a R c +1.98e -9 R b R c

[0139] +1.96e -8 R a 2 +5.158e -10 R b 2 +3.95e -8 R c 2} -1

[0140] Where Von represents the stress value, R a is the support radius of the bridge substructure, R b is the radius of curvature, R c is the radius of the pin connecting the upper and lower ball joints;

[0141] The formula of the strain prediction sub-model in the stress-strain prediction sub-model is:

[0142]

[0143] Among them, ε represents the strain value, E is the elastic modulus of the construction material, and σ represents the stress value;

[0144] The formula of the rotational friction torque prediction sub-model at the swivel spherical joint is:

[0145]

[0146] Among them, M z is the rotational friction torque, M s is the rotational friction torque to be integrated, μ is the friction coefficient of the spherical joint interface, and p0 is the contact pressure of each node of the spherical joint interface, which has a fitting relationship with the center distance of the pin: p0 = Ar 3 +Bxr 3 +Cr+D,r=Rsinθ, R is the radius of curvature of the spherical joint interface, γ is the angle between the radius of curvature of the spherical joint through the pin hole and the vertical centerline through the spherical joint center, β is the angle between the radius of curvature of the spherical joint through the support radius and the vertical centerline through the sphere center. To simplify the subsequent expression, the integral formula is simplified to f(p0,r1,r2,R), r1 and r2 are the radius of the pin hole and the support radius in the spherical joint, θ and α are variables to be fitted, representing the integral variables in two different integrals, A, B, C and D are undetermined conventional numbers, and x represents the undetermined conventional number; the simplified formula is:

[0147] M z =2πμR 3 f(p0,r1,r2,R)

[0148] The formula for the total torque prediction sub-model generated by the continuous beam during the acceleration phase is:

[0149]

[0150] Among them, T z It represents the total torque generated by the continuous beam during the acceleration stage, J z is the moment of inertia, ω a is the angular acceleration, m i is the mass of the i-th block in the continuous beam, i.e., the mass of the i-th block increasing from the middle to the side, l i is the length of the i-th block in the continuous beam, d i is the distance from the center of gravity of block No. i to the center line of the beam, m0 is the mass of block No. 0, i.e. the mass of the middle block, l0 is the length of block No. 0, and n represents the total number of blocks;

[0151] The formula of the acceleration prediction sub-model based on the rotational friction torque prediction sub-model at the swivel spherical joint is:

[0152]

[0153] Where FD represents the dynamic torque, ω z represents the acceleration, n represents the total number of blocks;

[0154] When the angular velocity of the continuous beam enters the uniform velocity stage, the formula of the traction force prediction sub-model is:

[0155]

[0156] T z =0

[0157] Among them, F represents the traction force, and D represents the ball joint diameter;

[0158] The formula of the maximum torsional shear stress prediction sub-model is:

[0159]

[0160] Among them, W p is the torsional section coefficient of the weak section at the bottom of the main pier, τ max represents the maximum torsional shear stress; the formula of the limit rotation acceleration prediction sub-model is:

[0161]

[0162] Where J is the moment of inertia, y is the distance from the center of the bend to the edge, I is the moment of inertia of the root section, and f t represents the limiting rotational acceleration;

[0163] The formula of the inertia braking distance prediction sub-model is:

[0164]

[0165] W1=M1θ

[0166] Among them, r i represents the distance from block i to the center of rotation, W1 is the kinetic energy of rotation, M1 is the friction torque, m represents the mass of the entire bridge, θ represents the acceleration determined by the kinetic energy of rotation and the friction torque, the rotation angle of the bridge under the action of inertia is determined by the kinetic energy of rotation and the friction torque, and then the inertial braking distance is calculated according to the beam length:

[0167]

[0168] Where r is the distance from the farthest end of the bridge to the center of rotation, It represents the rotation angle of the bridge under the action of inertia, which is determined by the rotational kinetic energy and friction torque.

[0169] In summary, the maximum torsional shear stress and inertial braking distance are both controlled by angular acceleration. The angular acceleration, design parameters of concrete, specification limits, traction steel strand parameters and jack parameters are related. To determine the optimal angular acceleration, maximum torsional shear stress and inertial braking distance, it is only necessary to comprehensively consider the above-mentioned related parameters and determine the maximum angular acceleration within the safety range within the existing parameter range.

[0170] Step S5: Calculate the corresponding parameters of the detection components based on the key monitoring item prediction model obtained in step S4 and integrate and display them in the bridge building information model.

[0171] In order to arrange the measuring points on the bridge BIM model, the bridge building information model was first established using Revit software. For the design of the measuring points of the background engineering monitoring plan, the accuracy of the model is not high, so the full model was not established according to the design drawings, such as the truss node plate, U rib, stiffening plate, traction equipment, temporary construction equipment, etc., and the temporary auxiliary piers were not established in detail.

[0172] In order to ensure the flexibility of subsequent model adjustment, the model is parametrically modeled. The parametric design of the BIM model can be achieved by modifying the family parameters. The types that can be parameterized can be divided into geometric parameters, such as height, length, thickness, etc.; and non-geometric parameters, such as model, material, manufacturer and other information. Taking the vibrating wire strain gauge as an example, the parametric modeling method of embedding data into the family type is explained. For geometric parameters, such as the measuring gauge of the instrument, the lengths of strain gauges of different models are different, so parameterization is required. First, build the component and establish dimensional constraints. The geometric constraints must be satisfied with the interaction with other components. Then, use dimensioning in the annotation column to dimension the component that reflects the gauge length. After the annotation is completed, create a label size for the annotation and name the annotation name. The parameter grouping method defaults to dimensioning. After completion, directly click on the marked dimension to modify the parameter or directly modify the parameter in the family type of the property column.

[0173] By using the nesting function in parametric modeling, it is possible to set calculation formulas associated with relevant parameters of motion states such as rotation angle and rotation speed in the family type. In this way, by nesting the response surface method model with the family parameters in the key monitoring item prediction model, it is possible to realize the real-time display of relevant key monitoring parameters such as internal force changes, stress changes, inertia braking distance, etc. of the bridge structure during the rotation simulation.

[0174] In the above-mentioned parametric modeling process, the prediction model of key monitoring items generated by the response surface method is built into the components of the BIM model (bridge building information model) in a parametric form. In the process of rotation simulation, the stress and strain conditions of key parts of the bridge during the rotation of the continuous beam are determined by briefly describing the calculation model, and displayed through the display module, thereby realizing the synchronous display of the morphology and force changes of the bridge rotation construction.

[0175] In order to enable the BIM model to play a better guiding role in on-site construction after being integrated into the application system, and to enable the acquired monitoring data and model prediction data to be more intuitively displayed at the model level, it is necessary to pre-deploy monitoring sensors corresponding to key monitoring items in the BIM model.

[0176] In actual projects, different projects require different monitoring sensors, and the styles of the same type of sensors are also different, so there are many types of monitoring sensors. This case only divides the monitoring sensors into three categories: stress monitoring sensors, displacement monitoring sensors, and other monitoring sensors based on the design requirements of the rotation monitoring scheme of the background project. The principles of some of these sensors are studied, and the BIM model of representative monitoring sensors is established.

[0177] When establishing a monitoring sensor BIM model, the types of information that need to be input include: geometric parameter information related to component size, such as rod radius; technical parameter information related to instruments, such as range, accuracy, manufacturer, etc.; and information related to monitoring layout, such as instrument layout location, monitoring number, installation time, etc.; information related to monitoring data, such as monitoring data, calculation data, etc. In this way, by using the above parameter association scheme to parameterize the monitoring sensor model, the BIM model can intuitively and efficiently display the relevant data corresponding to the key monitoring items through a reasonable monitoring sensor model.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a force prediction model for key parts of a bridge rotation based on response surface methodology, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1, constructing a proportional bridge structure finite element simulation model and a proportional bridge building information model based on the construction drawings of the actual engineering bridge structure, and dynamically simulating the bridge rotation process based on the bridge building information model, and setting detection components at vulnerable parts, wherein the vulnerable parts include the rotation ball joint part, the part where the upper beam body is connected to the bridge pier, the rotation ball joint part includes the upper ball joint and the lower ball joint, and the detection components include the temporary pier, the middle pier slideway beam and the auxiliary slideway beam, the steel truss, the middle pier, the middle pier support foot, the steel truss line shape and the middle pier foundation settlement; Step S2, performing different parameter combination analysis on the finite element simulation model of the bridge structure to obtain stress-strain data of the bridge structure under different working conditions and motion state data of the bridge structure connected to the rotating beam, wherein the parameter combination includes wind load, temperature load and traction, the stress-strain data includes Von Mises equivalent stress data and strain data, the strain data = Von Mises equivalent stress data / elastic modulus, the elastic modulus is a fixed value determined by material properties, and the motion state data includes angular velocity, angular acceleration and inertial braking distance; Step S3, extracting critical data of vulnerable parts according to the analysis results of the finite element simulation model of the bridge structure, matching and extracting the critical data with corresponding parameter combination data to generate a first form, wherein the first form includes limit values, parameters and vulnerable parts in the stress-strain data, as well as the angular velocity, angular acceleration and inertial braking distance of the bridge, and the limit value is the maximum Von Mises equivalent stress value that the vulnerable part can withstand; Step S4, bringing the data of the first form into the response surface method model to establish a force prediction model for key parts of the bridge rotation, that is, obtaining prediction models for key monitoring items corresponding to different situations, including a stress-strain prediction sub-model, a rotational friction torque prediction sub-model at the rotational ball joint, a total torque prediction sub-model generated by the continuous beam in the acceleration stage, an acceleration prediction sub-model, a maximum torsional shear stress prediction sub-model, a limit rotation acceleration prediction sub-model and an inertia braking distance prediction sub-model; The formula of the stress prediction submodel in the stress-strain prediction submodel is: Von={0.06-3.91e -5 R a -4.56e -6 R b -2.16e -5 R c -5.54e -10 R a R b -1.5e -8 R a R c +1.98e -9 R b R c +1.96e -8 R a 2 +5.158e -10 R b 2 +3.95e -8 R c 2 } -1 Where Von represents the stress value, R a is the support radius of the bridge substructure, R b is the radius of curvature, R c is the radius of the pin connecting the upper and lower ball joints; The formula of the strain prediction sub-model in the stress-strain prediction sub-model is: Among them, ε represents the strain value, E is the elastic modulus of the construction material, and σ represents the stress value; The formula of the rotational friction torque prediction sub-model at the swivel spherical joint is: Among them, M z is the rotational friction torque, M s is the rotational friction torque to be integrated, μ is the friction coefficient of the spherical joint interface, and p0 is the contact pressure of each node of the spherical joint interface, which has a fitting relationship with the center distance of the pin: p0 = Ar 3 +Bxr 3 +Cr+D,r=Rsinθ, R is the radius of curvature of the spherical joint interface, γ is the angle between the radius of curvature of the spherical joint through the pin hole and the vertical centerline through the spherical joint center, β is the angle between the radius of curvature of the spherical joint through the support radius and the vertical centerline through the sphere center. To simplify the subsequent expression, the integral formula is simplified to f(p0,r1,r2,R), r1 and r2 are the radius of the pin hole and the support radius in the spherical joint, θ and α are variables to be fitted, representing the integral variables in two different integrals, A, B, C and D are undetermined conventional numbers, and x represents the undetermined conventional number; the simplified formula is: M z =2πμR 3 f(p0,r1,r2,R) The formula for the total torque prediction sub-model generated by the continuous beam during the acceleration phase is: Among them, T z It represents the total torque generated by the continuous beam during the acceleration stage, J z is the moment of inertia, ω a is the angular acceleration, m i is the mass of the i-th block in the continuous beam, i.e., the mass of the i-th block increasing from the middle to the side, l i is the length of the i-th block in the continuous beam, d i is the distance from the center of gravity of block No. i to the center line of the beam, m0 is the mass of block No. 0, i.e. the mass of the middle block, l0 is the length of block No. 0, and n represents the total number of blocks; The formula of the acceleration prediction sub-model based on the rotational friction torque prediction sub-model at the swivel spherical joint is: Where FD represents the dynamic torque, ω z represents the acceleration, n represents the total number of blocks; When the angular velocity of the continuous beam enters the uniform velocity stage, the formula of the traction force prediction sub-model is: T z ＝0 Among them, F represents the traction force, and D represents the ball joint diameter; The formula of the maximum torsional shear stress prediction sub-model is: Among them, W p is the torsional section coefficient of the weak section at the bottom of the main pier, τ max represents the maximum torsional shear stress; The formula of the limit rotation acceleration prediction sub-model is: Where J is the moment of inertia, y is the distance from the center of the bend to the edge, I is the moment of inertia of the root section, and f t represents the limiting rotational acceleration; The formula of the inertia braking distance prediction sub-model is: W1=M1θ Among them, r i represents the distance from block i to the center of rotation, W1 is the kinetic energy of rotation, M1 is the friction torque, m represents the mass of the entire bridge, θ represents the acceleration determined by the kinetic energy of rotation and the friction torque, the rotation angle of the bridge under the action of inertia is determined by the kinetic energy of rotation and the friction torque, and then the inertial braking distance is calculated according to the beam length: Where r is the distance from the farthest end of the bridge to the center of rotation, The rotation angle of the bridge under the action of inertia is determined by the rotational kinetic energy and the friction torque; Step S5, based on the key monitoring item prediction model obtained in step S4, the corresponding parameters of the detection components are calculated and integrated and displayed in the bridge building information model, that is, by nesting the response surface method model with the family parameters in the key monitoring item prediction model, the real-time display of the key monitoring parameters of the bridge structure is realized during the rotation simulation process, wherein the key monitoring parameters include the internal force change, stress change and inertia braking distance of the bridge structure.

2. The method for constructing a force prediction model for key parts of a bridge rotation based on response surface methodology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S1 uses ABAQUS finite element analysis software to build a proportional bridge structure finite element simulation model based on the construction drawings of the actual engineering bridge structure, and uses Revit software to build a proportional bridge building information model.

3. A device for constructing a force prediction model for key parts of a bridge rotation based on response surface methodology, characterized in that: include: Model building module: Based on the construction drawings of the actual engineering bridge structure, a proportional bridge structure finite element simulation model and a proportional bridge building information model are constructed. Based on the bridge building information model, a dynamic simulation of the bridge rotation process is performed, and detection components are set at vulnerable parts, where the vulnerable parts include the rotation ball joint part and the part where the upper beam body is connected to the bridge pier. The rotation ball joint part includes the upper ball joint and the lower ball joint. The detection components include temporary piers, middle pier slideway beams and auxiliary slideway beams, steel trusses, middle piers, middle pier support feet, steel truss line shape and middle pier foundation settlement; Data analysis module: Analyze different parameter combinations of the finite element simulation model of the bridge structure to obtain the stress-strain data of the bridge structure under different working conditions and the motion state data of the bridge structure connected to the rotating beam. The parameter combination includes wind load, temperature load and traction. The stress-strain data includes Von Mises equivalent stress data and strain data. Strain data = Von Mises equivalent stress data / elastic modulus. The elastic modulus is a fixed value determined by the material properties. The motion state data includes angular velocity, angular acceleration and inertial braking distance. Form generation module: according to the analysis results of the finite element simulation model of the bridge structure, the critical data of the vulnerable parts are extracted, and the critical data are matched and extracted with the corresponding parameter combination data to generate a first form, wherein the first form includes the limit value, parameters and vulnerable parts in the stress-strain data, as well as the angular velocity, angular acceleration and inertia braking distance of the bridge, and the limit value is the maximum Von Mises equivalent stress value that the vulnerable parts can withstand; Key monitoring item prediction model construction module: bring the data of the first form into the response surface method model to establish the force prediction model of the key parts of the bridge rotation, that is, obtain the key monitoring item prediction model corresponding to different situations, including stress-strain prediction sub-model, rotational friction torque prediction sub-model at the rotational ball joint, total torque prediction sub-model generated by the continuous beam in the acceleration stage, acceleration prediction sub-model, maximum torsional shear stress prediction sub-model, limit rotation acceleration prediction sub-model and inertia braking distance prediction sub-model; The formula of the stress prediction submodel in the stress-strain prediction submodel is: Von={0.06-3.91e -5 R a -4.56e -6 R b -2.16e -5 R c -5.54e -10 R a R b -1.5e -8 R a R c +1.98e -9 R b R c +1.96e -8 R a 2 +5.158e -10 R b 2 +3.95e -8 R c 2 } -1 Where Von represents the stress value, R a is the support radius of the bridge substructure, R b is the radius of curvature, R c is the radius of the pin connecting the upper and lower ball joints; The formula of the strain prediction sub-model in the stress-strain prediction sub-model is: Among them, ε represents the strain value, E is the elastic modulus of the construction material, and σ represents the stress value; The formula of the rotational friction torque prediction sub-model at the swivel spherical joint is: Among them, M z is the rotational friction torque, M s is the rotational friction torque to be integrated, μ is the friction coefficient of the spherical joint interface, and p0 is the contact pressure of each node of the spherical joint interface, which has a fitting relationship with the center distance of the pin: p0 = Ar 3 +Bxr 3 +Cr+D,r=Rsinθ, R is the radius of curvature of the spherical joint interface, γ is the angle between the radius of curvature of the spherical joint through the pin hole and the vertical centerline through the spherical joint center, β is the angle between the radius of curvature of the spherical joint through the support radius and the vertical centerline through the sphere center. To simplify the subsequent expression, the integral formula is simplified to f(p0,r1,r2,R), r1 and r2 are the radius of the pin hole and the support radius in the spherical joint, θ and α are variables to be fitted, representing the integral variables in two different integrals, A, B, C and D are undetermined conventional numbers, and x represents the undetermined conventional number; the simplified formula is: M z =2πμR 3 f(p0,r1,r2,R) The formula for the total torque prediction sub-model generated by the continuous beam during the acceleration phase is: Among them, T z It represents the total torque generated by the continuous beam during the acceleration stage, J z is the moment of inertia, ω a is the angular acceleration, m i is the mass of the i-th block in the continuous beam, i.e., the mass of the i-th block increasing from the middle to the side, l i is the length of the i-th block in the continuous beam, d i is the distance from the center of gravity of block No. i to the center line of the beam, m0 is the mass of block No. 0, i.e. the mass of the middle block, l0 is the length of block No. 0, and n represents the total number of blocks; The formula of the acceleration prediction sub-model based on the rotational friction torque prediction sub-model at the swivel spherical joint is: Where FD represents the dynamic torque, ω z represents the acceleration, n represents the total number of blocks; When the angular velocity of the continuous beam enters the uniform velocity stage, the formula of the traction force prediction sub-model is: T z ＝0 Among them, F represents the traction force, and D represents the ball joint diameter; The formula of the maximum torsional shear stress prediction sub-model is: Among them, W p is the torsional section coefficient of the weak section at the bottom of the main pier, τ max represents the maximum torsional shear stress; The formula of the limit rotation acceleration prediction sub-model is: Where J is the moment of inertia, y is the distance from the center of the bend to the edge, I is the moment of inertia of the root section, and f t represents the limiting rotational acceleration; The formula of the inertia braking distance prediction sub-model is: W1=M1θ Among them, r i represents the distance from block i to the center of rotation, W1 is the kinetic energy of rotation, M1 is the friction torque, m represents the mass of the entire bridge, θ represents the acceleration determined by the kinetic energy of rotation and the friction torque, the rotation angle of the bridge under the action of inertia is determined by the kinetic energy of rotation and the friction torque, and then the inertial braking distance is calculated according to the beam length: Where r is the distance from the farthest end of the bridge to the center of rotation, The rotation angle of the bridge under the action of inertia is determined by the rotational kinetic energy and the friction torque; Integrated display module: Based on the obtained key monitoring item prediction model, the corresponding parameters of the detection components are calculated and integrated and displayed in the bridge building information model. That is, by nesting the response surface method model with the family parameters in the key monitoring item prediction model, the real-time display of the key monitoring parameters of the bridge structure is realized during the rotation simulation process. The key monitoring parameters include the internal force change, stress change and inertia braking distance of the bridge structure.

4. The device for constructing a force prediction model for key parts of a bridge rotation based on response surface method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The model building module uses ABAQUS finite element analysis software to build a proportional bridge structure finite element simulation model based on the construction drawings of the actual engineering bridge structure, and uses Revit software to build a proportional bridge building information model.

Images