A layered design method for compacted snow runway structures based on elastic layer theory

Abstract

The present invention discloses a layered design method for a compacted snow runway structure based on elastic layer theory. The present invention relates to the technical field of compacted snow runway design. The compacted snow runway structure is layered into a base layer, an elastic layer and a pavement layer. The advantages of the present invention are: through the scientific design of the elastic layer, the design of the elastic layer can provide an excellent buffering effect. By introducing the elastic layer into the compacted snow runway structure, the design method can effectively reduce the impact and shock absorption during aircraft takeoff and landing. The elastic layer is located above the base layer and has good shock absorption and vibration reduction effects. It can absorb the vibration generated by the aircraft during takeoff and landing, thereby improving the comfort and safety of the entire runway. This design can protect the base layer from damage caused by the impact during aircraft takeoff and landing, provide a smoother and safer take-off and landing environment for the aircraft, help extend the service life of the runway, and greatly reduce the maintenance cost of the runway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of compacted snow runway design, and in particular to a layered design method for a compacted snow runway structure based on elastic layered theory. Background Art

[0002] Antarctica is one of the harshest environments in the world, and the construction of an airstrip faces many technical challenges. First, the extremely low temperatures and snowy weather in Antarctica place extremely high demands on construction materials and equipment. Second, the geological conditions in the Antarctic region are complex, and there may be ice or snow on the surface, which requires detailed surveys and geological testing to ensure the safety and stability of runway construction. In addition, due to the rapid and variable climate change in the Antarctic region, builders need to consider the impact of meteorological factors on runway use and develop corresponding risk management and operation plans. Taking all these factors into consideration, the construction of an airstrip in Antarctica requires the comprehensive application of professional knowledge in multiple fields such as geological survey, materials engineering, and meteorology to ensure the safety and sustainability of the runway.

[0003] Most of the existing ice runways built in Antarctica are double-layer ice runways. The bottom layer of this double-layer ice runway is generally a load-bearing layer, and the top layer is made of compacted snow. The take-off layer can reduce the splash of ice and snow during takeoff and landing, and can also reduce the wear of the aircraft tires on the lower ice layer. The bottom load-bearing layer mainly bears the weight of the aircraft and provides support for the main structural layer. However, this double-layer design structure is not ideal in terms of cushioning effect. The double-layer design is difficult to effectively absorb the impact force of the aircraft during landing and lacks sufficient cushioning effect. This may cause the aircraft to be subjected to greater vibration during landing, increasing the safety risks of pilots and crew members, causing additional damage to the aircraft itself, and also increasing the damage to the runway, resulting in high runway maintenance costs. To this end, we propose a layered design method for compacted snow runway structures based on elastic layered theory. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a layered design method for compacted snow runway structure based on elastic layered theory.

[0005] In order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a layered design method for compacted snow runway structure based on elastic layered theory, wherein the compacted snow runway structure is layered into a base layer, an elastic layer and a pavement layer. The base layer is the load-bearing structural layer of the runway structure, which is mainly used to bear the aircraft load. The base layer has high strength and load-bearing capacity and can support the operation and use of the entire runway. The elastic layer is a buffer structure layer located above the base layer, which is mainly used to reduce the impact and shock absorption during aircraft takeoff and landing, and protect the base layer from damage caused by the impact during aircraft takeoff and landing. The base layer has good shock absorption and vibration reduction effects and can well absorb the aircraft during takeoff and landing. The vibration generated during the process is used to improve the comfort and safety of the entire runway. The pavement layer is the surface structural layer located above the elastic layer. It is the structural layer that directly contacts the aircraft tires and is mainly used to ensure the stability and safety of the aircraft during takeoff and landing. The pavement layer has the characteristics of flatness, wear resistance and anti-skid, and can withstand the heavy pressure of the aircraft and maintain a good condition after frequent use. The compacted snow runway structure is designed in layers based on the load, Poisson's ratio V, the total load p of the runway, the load bending value, the bending stiffness EI, the elastic modulus E, the thickness h, the material properties and the load distribution angle. The specific steps of the layered design method for the compacted snow runway structure based on the elastic layered theory are as follows:

[0006] Step 1: Select a relatively flat ice surface with a thickness of no less than 2,000 meters, a length of no less than 3,000 meters, and a width of no less than 80 meters, located between two icebergs arranged east-west and 400-600 meters apart, as the target ice surface. Then, plan a 2,800-meter-by-70-meter north-south rectangular planning area on the target ice surface. Then, manually and mechanically smooth the rectangular planning area. Then, plan a 2,600-meter-by-60-meter north-south rectangular construction area on the smoothed rectangular planning area.

[0007] Step 2: Use manual labor and machinery to excavate a 2600m×60m north-south rectangular construction area until a 3m deep rectangular pit is excavated. The excavated ice and snow are placed on one side for standby use. The bottom of the rectangular pit is polished using grinding equipment to keep it flat. The excavated ice and snow are then placed in a crusher for crushing. The ice and snow are then heated and melted into liquid water. The liquid water is then initially filtered and distilled. The distilled liquid water is then placed in a 2m×2m×1.5m mold and pressurized to cool into solid high-hardness ice blocks. The high-hardness ice blocks are then laid at the bottom of the rectangular pit, completing the preparation and laying of the base layer.

[0008] Step 3: Continue to place the excavated ice and snow in a crusher for crushing, then place the crushed ice in a mixer for stirring, add sawdust and cotton during the stirring process until it is uniform, then evenly lay the crushed ice containing sawdust and cotton on top of the base layer, pour distilled water into the crushed ice after laying, then use a compactor to compact the crushed ice, lay crushed ice with added sawdust and cotton again on top of the compacted ice layer, then continue to pour the same proportion of water into the crushed ice after laying, then use a compactor to compact the crushed ice again, thus completing the preparation and laying of the elastic layer with a thickness of 1m;

[0009] Step 4: Continue to place the excavated ice and snow in the crusher for crushing. After crushing into fine particles, place them in the mixer for stirring. During the stirring process, add silicon carbide particles until uniform. Then, evenly lay the evenly stirred crushed ice on the top of the elastic layer. Then, use a compactor to compact the crushed ice. After laying, pour distilled water into the crushed ice until the preparation and laying of the road surface layer with a thickness of 0.5m is completed.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: In steps 1, 2, and 3, the elastic modulus E1 and Poisson's ratio V1 of the base layer, the elastic modulus E2 and Poisson's ratio V2 of the elastic layer, and the elastic modulus E3 and Poisson's ratio V3 of the pavement layer are experimentally measured. First, the load per unit length q is calculated using the following formula: Where: p represents the total load of the entire runway. This runway is based on a 500t transport aircraft load. L represents the total length of the designed runway.

[0011] Calculate the bending stiffness of each layer 1. 2和 3;

[0012] The bearing bending value of each layer is calculated by the following formula Where: represents the total length of the entire runway, and the bearing bending value of each layer is calculated 1. 2以及 3;

[0013] The maximum deflection of the runway can be calculated using the following formula: : The overall runway protection factor k can be calculated using the following formula: in: is the thickness of the runway as a whole, when When the overall structure of the runway meets the design standards, The overall structure of the runway does not meet the design standards.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: in steps one, two and three, the excavated ice and snow are crushed by an ice crusher, and the crushed particle size is 1-3 cm. The crushing of the ice layer can facilitate the addition of auxiliary ice to the elastic layer and the pavement layer for compaction, so that the auxiliary materials can be stirred and mixed more evenly.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step 2, after the 2m×2m×1.5m high-hardness ice blocks are produced in the mold, the mold needs to be heated so that the surface of the high-hardness ice blocks are melted by the heat, and then the high-hardness ice blocks are quickly placed in a rectangular pit with a depth of 3m, so that the adjacent high-hardness ice blocks with melted surfaces can quickly contact and solidify together. During the laying process, distilled water needs to be poured into the edge seams of the high-hardness ice blocks to ensure that the air content in the base layer is as low as possible.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step three, after the ice and snow are crushed, the added wood chips and cotton are 3% and 2% of the total amount of the stirred crushed ice, respectively. This content of wood chips and cotton can effectively ensure the toughness of the elastic layer and can effectively reduce the impact and shock absorption during aircraft takeoff and landing.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: in step three, during the process of compacting the crushed ice using a compactor, distilled water in an amount of approximately 5% of the total amount of the crushed ice needs to be added to the crushed ice. Appropriate addition of distilled water is beneficial to ensuring the adhesion of the crushed ice during the compaction process, and can ensure the density of the elastic layer and reduce the loosening of the elastic layer.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: in step 4, during the process of compacting the crushed ice using a compactor, distilled water accounting for approximately 5% of the total amount of crushed ice needs to be added to the crushed ice, and silicon carbide particles added are 15%-18% of the total amount of the stirred crushed ice, to ensure that the pavement layer has high wear resistance, thereby extending the service life of the runway.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: after the pavement layer is laid, the top of the pavement layer needs to be polished using a grinder so that the height difference within a diameter of 3 meters does not exceed 2 cm, the runway is within 250 meters, the longitudinal slope is not greater than 1.5%, the transverse slope is not greater than 2%, and not less than 1%.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. This invention utilizes a scientifically designed elastic layer that provides excellent cushioning. By incorporating the elastic layer into the compacted snow runway structure, this design method can effectively mitigate the impact and vibration during aircraft takeoff and landing. The elastic layer, located above the base layer, has excellent shock and vibration damping properties, absorbing the vibrations generated during takeoff and landing, thereby improving the comfort and safety of the entire runway. This design protects the base layer from damage caused by impact during takeoff and landing, providing a smoother and safer takeoff and landing environment for aircraft, helping to extend the runway's service life and significantly reducing runway maintenance costs.

[0022] 2. The present invention ensures structural stability through precise layered design and material ratios. This design method experimentally measures parameters such as the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of each layer, and performs a layered design based on factors such as load, thickness, and material properties. This ensures the load-bearing capacity and bending stiffness of each layer. By calculating the load-bearing bending value of each layer and the overall maximum deflection, as well as determining the protection factor, it can be ensured that the runway structure can withstand heavy pressure without deformation or damage during aircraft takeoff and landing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a flow chart in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following is a further description of specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention and does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0025] The present invention discloses a layered design method for a compacted snow runway structure based on elastic layer theory. The compacted snow runway structure is divided into a base layer, an elastic layer, and a pavement layer. The base layer is the load-bearing structural layer of the runway structure, which is mainly used to bear the aircraft load. The base layer has high strength and load-bearing capacity and can support the operation and use of the entire runway. The elastic layer is a buffer structure layer located above the base layer, which is mainly used to reduce the impact and shock absorption during aircraft takeoff and landing, and protect the base layer from damage caused by the impact during aircraft takeoff and landing. The base layer has good shock absorption and vibration reduction effects and can well absorb the vibration generated by the aircraft during takeoff and landing to improve the overall The runway's comfort and safety are ensured by the pavement layer, which is the surface structural layer located above the elastic layer and is in direct contact with the aircraft tires. It is primarily used to ensure stability and safety during takeoff and landing. The pavement layer is smooth, wear-resistant, and anti-skid, capable of bearing the heavy pressure of aircraft and maintaining good condition after frequent use. The compacted snow runway structure is designed in layers based on load, Poisson's ratio V, total runway load p, bearing bending value, bending stiffness EI, elastic modulus E, thickness h, material properties, and load distribution angles. The specific steps of a layered design method for compacted snow runway structures based on elastic layered theory are as follows:

[0026] Step 1: Select a relatively flat ice surface with a thickness of no less than 2,000 meters, a length of no less than 3,000 meters, and a width of no less than 80 meters, located between two icebergs arranged east-west and 400-600 meters apart, as the target ice surface. Then, plan a 2,800-meter-by-70-meter north-south rectangular planning area on the target ice surface. Then, manually and mechanically smooth the rectangular planning area. Then, plan a 2,600-meter-by-60-meter north-south rectangular construction area on the smoothed rectangular planning area.

[0027] Step 2: Use manual labor and machinery to excavate a 2600m×60m north-south rectangular construction area until a 3m deep rectangular pit is excavated. The excavated ice and snow are placed on one side for standby use. The bottom of the rectangular pit is polished using grinding equipment to keep it flat. The excavated ice and snow are then placed in a crusher for crushing. The ice and snow are then heated and melted into liquid water. The liquid water is then initially filtered and distilled. The distilled liquid water is then placed in a 2m×2m×1.5m mold and pressurized to cool into solid high-hardness ice blocks. The high-hardness ice blocks are then laid at the bottom of the rectangular pit, completing the preparation and laying of the base layer.

[0028] Step 3: Continue to place the excavated ice and snow in a crusher for crushing, then place the crushed ice in a mixer for stirring, add sawdust and cotton during the stirring process until it is uniform, then evenly lay the crushed ice containing sawdust and cotton on top of the base layer, pour distilled water into the crushed ice after laying, then use a compactor to compact the crushed ice, lay crushed ice with added sawdust and cotton again on top of the compacted ice layer, then continue to pour the same proportion of water into the crushed ice after laying, then use a compactor to compact the crushed ice again, thus completing the preparation and laying of the elastic layer with a thickness of 1m;

[0029] Step 4: Continue to place the excavated ice and snow in a crusher for crushing. After crushing into fine particles, place them in a mixer and stir them. During the stirring process, add silicon carbide particles until they are uniform. Then, evenly lay the evenly stirred crushed ice on top of the elastic layer. Then, use a compactor to compact the crushed ice. After laying, pour distilled water into the crushed ice until the preparation and laying of the road surface layer with a thickness of 0.5m is completed.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, in steps 1, 2, and 3, the elastic modulus E1 and Poisson's ratio V1 of the base layer, the elastic modulus E2 and Poisson's ratio V2 of the elastic layer, and the elastic modulus E3 and Poisson's ratio V3 of the pavement layer are experimentally measured. The load per unit length q is first calculated using the following formula:

[0031] Where: p represents the total load of the entire runway. This runway is based on a 500t transport aircraft load. L represents the total length of the designed runway.

[0032] Calculate the bending stiffness of each layer 1、 2 and 3;

[0033] The bearing bending value of each layer is calculated by the following formula Where: L represents the total length of the entire runway, and the bearing bending value of each layer is calculated 1. 2 and 3;

[0034] The maximum deflection of the runway can be calculated using the following formula: :

[0035]

[0036] The overall runway protection factor k can be calculated using the following formula:

[0037] in: is the thickness of the runway as a whole, when When the overall structure of the runway meets the design standards, The overall structure of the runway does not meet the design standards.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention: in steps one, two and three, the excavated ice and snow are crushed by an ice crusher, and the crushed particle size is 1-3 cm. The crushing of the ice layer can facilitate the addition of auxiliary ice to the elastic layer and the pavement layer for compaction, so that the auxiliary materials are stirred and mixed more evenly.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention: in step 2, after the 2m×2m×1.5m high-hardness ice blocks are made in the mold, the mold needs to be heated so that the surface layer of the high-hardness ice blocks is melted by the heat, and then the high-hardness ice blocks are quickly placed in a rectangular pit with a depth of 3m, so that the adjacent high-hardness ice blocks with melted surfaces can quickly contact and solidify together. During the laying process, distilled water needs to be poured into the edge seams of the high-hardness ice blocks to ensure that the air content in the base layer is as low as possible.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention: in step three, after the ice and snow are crushed, the added wood chips and cotton content are 3% and 2% of the total amount of the stirred crushed ice, respectively. This content of wood chips and cotton can effectively ensure the toughness of the elastic layer and can effectively reduce the impact and shock absorption during aircraft takeoff and landing.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention: in step three, during the process of compacting the crushed ice using a compactor, distilled water in an amount of approximately 5% of the total amount of the crushed ice needs to be added to the crushed ice. Appropriate addition of distilled water is beneficial to ensuring the adhesion of the crushed ice during the compaction process, and can ensure the density of the elastic layer and reduce the loosening of the elastic layer.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention: in step 4, during the process of compacting the crushed ice using a compactor, distilled water accounting for approximately 5% of the total amount of crushed ice is added to the crushed ice, and silicon carbide particles are added in an amount of 15%-18% of the total amount of the stirred crushed ice, to ensure that the pavement layer has high wear resistance, thereby extending the service life of the runway.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention: after the pavement layer is laid, the top of the pavement layer needs to be polished using a grinder so that the height difference within a diameter of 3 meters does not exceed 2 cm, the runway is within 250 meters, the longitudinal slope is not greater than 1.5%, the transverse slope is not greater than 2%, and not less than 1%.

[0044] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 .

[0045] This embodiment provides a layered design method for a compacted snow runway structure based on elastic layer theory. The compacted snow runway structure is divided into a base layer, an elastic layer, and a pavement layer. The base layer is the load-bearing structural layer of the runway structure, which is mainly used to bear the aircraft load. The base layer has high strength and load-bearing capacity and can support the operation and use of the entire runway. The elastic layer is a buffer structure layer located above the base layer, which is mainly used to reduce the impact and shock absorption during aircraft takeoff and landing, and protect the base layer from damage caused by the impact during aircraft takeoff and landing. The base layer has good shock absorption and vibration reduction effects and can well absorb the vibration generated by the aircraft during takeoff and landing to improve The comfort and safety of the entire runway. The pavement layer is the surface structural layer located above the elastic layer. It is the structural layer that directly contacts the aircraft tires and is mainly used to ensure the stability and safety of the aircraft during takeoff and landing. The pavement layer has the characteristics of flatness, wear resistance and anti-skid. It can withstand the heavy pressure of the aircraft and maintain good condition after frequent use. The compacted snow runway structure is designed in layers based on load, Poisson's ratio V, total load p of the runway, load bending value, bending stiffness EI, elastic modulus E, thickness h, material properties and load distribution angle. The specific steps of a layered design method for compacted snow runway structure based on elastic layer theory are as follows:

[0046] Step 1: Select a relatively flat ice surface with a thickness of no less than 2,000 meters, a length of no less than 3,000 meters, and a width of no less than 80 meters, located between two icebergs arranged east-west and 400-600 meters apart, as the target ice surface. Then, plan a 2,800-meter-by-70-meter north-south rectangular planning area on the target ice surface. Then, manually and mechanically smooth the rectangular planning area. Then, plan a 2,600-meter-by-60-meter north-south rectangular construction area on the smoothed rectangular planning area.

[0047] Step 2: Use manual labor and machinery to excavate a 2600m×60m north-south rectangular construction area until a 3m deep rectangular pit is excavated. The excavated ice and snow are placed on one side for standby use. The bottom of the rectangular pit is polished using grinding equipment to keep it flat. The excavated ice and snow are then placed in a crusher for crushing. The ice and snow are then heated and melted into liquid water. The liquid water is then initially filtered and distilled. The distilled liquid water is then placed in a 2m×2m×1.5m mold and pressurized to cool into solid high-hardness ice blocks. The high-hardness ice blocks are then laid at the bottom of the rectangular pit, completing the preparation and laying of the base layer.

[0048] Step 3: Continue to place the excavated ice and snow in a crusher for crushing, then place the crushed ice in a mixer for stirring, add sawdust and cotton during the stirring process until it is uniform, then evenly lay the crushed ice containing sawdust and cotton on top of the base layer, pour distilled water into the crushed ice after laying, then use a compactor to compact the crushed ice, lay crushed ice with added sawdust and cotton again on top of the compacted ice layer, then continue to pour the same proportion of water into the crushed ice after laying, then use a compactor to compact the crushed ice again, thus completing the preparation and laying of the elastic layer with a thickness of 1m;

[0049] Step 4: Continue to place the excavated ice and snow in a crusher for crushing. After crushing into fine particles, place them in a mixer and stir them. During the stirring process, add silicon carbide particles until they are uniform. Then, evenly lay the evenly stirred crushed ice on top of the elastic layer. Then, use a compactor to compact the crushed ice. After laying, pour distilled water into the crushed ice until the preparation and laying of the road surface layer with a thickness of 0.5m is completed.

[0050] In steps one, two, and three, the elastic modulus E1 and Poisson's ratio V1 of the base layer, the elastic modulus E2 and Poisson's ratio V2 of the elastic layer, and the elastic modulus E3 and Poisson's ratio V3 of the pavement layer were experimentally measured. First, the load per unit length q was calculated using the following formula: Where: p represents the total load of the entire runway. This runway is based on a 500t transport aircraft load. L represents the total length of the designed runway.

[0051] Calculate the bending stiffness of each layer 1、 2 and 3;

[0052] The bearing bending value of each layer is calculated by the following formula

[0053] in: Indicates the total length of the entire runway, and the bearing bending value of each layer is calculated 1、 2 and 3;

[0054] The maximum deflection of the runway can be calculated using the following formula: :

[0055]

[0056] The overall runway protection factor k can be calculated using the following formula: in: is the thickness of the runway as a whole, when When the overall structure of the runway meets the design standards, When the runway's overall structure does not meet the design standards;

[0057] By taking sample materials of the base layer, elastic layer and pavement layer for tensile tests, different tensile loads can be applied in the tensile test, and the relationship between stress and strain can be measured to calculate the elastic modulus E of the material. The Poisson's ratio V can be obtained by performing compression tests or shear tests on the sample materials. In the compression test, different compression loads can be applied, and the relationship between lateral strain and axial strain can be measured to calculate the Poisson's ratio V of the material. The elastic modulus of the base layer measured in the experiment is E1=9.2×109Pa, Poisson's ratio V1=0.3, the elastic modulus of the elastic layer is E2=5×109Pa, Poisson's ratio V2=0.25, the elastic modulus of the pavement layer is E3=3×109Pa, Poisson's ratio V3=0.35, and the protection factor k≈0.04 is calculated by the formula, and it is concluded that the overall structure of the runway meets the design standards for take-off and landing of 500t aircraft.

[0058] In steps one, two, and three, the excavated ice and snow are crushed using an ice crusher. The crushed particles are 1-3 cm in size. The crushed ice layer facilitates the addition of auxiliary materials to the elastic layer and the pavement layer, making the auxiliary materials more evenly mixed.

[0059] The crushed ice and snow particle size is 1-3cm, which can make the crushed ice and snow better mixed with the auxiliary materials, and the crushing efficiency is higher at this time;

[0060] In step 2, after the 2m×2m×1.5m high-hardness ice blocks are made in the mold, the mold needs to be heated to melt the surface of the high-hardness ice blocks. Then, the high-hardness ice blocks are quickly placed in a rectangular pit with a depth of 3m. This allows the adjacent high-hardness ice blocks, which have melted on the surface, to quickly contact and solidify together. During the laying process, distilled water needs to be poured into the edges of the high-hardness ice blocks to ensure that the air content in the base layer is as low as possible.

[0061] In step three, after the ice and snow are crushed, the added wood chips and cotton content are 3% and 2% of the total amount of the stirred crushed ice, respectively. This content of wood chips and cotton can effectively ensure the toughness of the elastic layer, and can effectively reduce the impact and shock during aircraft takeoff and landing;

[0062] Fibrous materials such as sawdust and cotton form a support structure within the ice, similar to the steel bars in concrete, which effectively enhances the tensile strength and toughness of the ice. This support makes the ice stronger and more durable, improving the overall strength of the ice layer. The presence of sawdust and cotton increases the flexibility of the ice, allowing it to better absorb energy when subjected to external impact or compression, reducing the impact force transmitted to the underlying ice layer, thereby providing a certain buffering effect. This helps to reduce the pressure difference between the ice layer and the ground, reducing the possibility of ice cracking and damage.

[0063] In step 3, distilled water (approximately 5% of the total amount of the crushed ice) is added to the crushed ice during compaction using a compactor. Proper addition of distilled water helps ensure adhesion of the crushed ice during compaction, maintains the density of the elastic layer, and reduces loosening of the elastic layer.

[0064] In step 4, during the compaction of the crushed ice using a compactor, distilled water (about 5% of the total amount of crushed ice) is added to the crushed ice, and silicon carbide particles (15%-18% of the total amount of the stirred crushed ice) are added to ensure that the pavement layer has high wear resistance, thereby extending the service life of the runway.

[0065] After the pavement layer is laid, the top of the pavement layer needs to be polished with a grinder so that the height difference within a diameter of 3 meters does not exceed 2 cm. For a runway within 250 meters, the longitudinal slope is no more than 1.5%, the transverse slope is no more than 2%, and no less than 1%;

[0066] A smooth road surface can improve the stability and safety of vehicle driving. If the road surface is too undulating, the aircraft will easily experience bumps and instability during driving, increasing the risk of flight accidents. A smooth road surface can also reduce the friction between tires and roads, reduce tire wear and damage, and extend the service life of the runway and aircraft.

[0067] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It is apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to these embodiments may be made without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and these changes and modifications still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0068] Throughout the specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "example," or "specific example" indicate that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0069] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the present invention. Any modifications, additions or replacements in similar ways made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention as long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A layered design method for compacted snow runway structures based on elastic layer theory, characterized by: The compacted snow runway structure is divided into a base layer, an elastic layer and a surface layer. The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Select a relatively flat ice surface with a thickness of at least 2,000 meters, a length of at least 3,000 meters, and a width of at least 80 meters, located between two icebergs arranged east-west and spaced 400-600 meters apart, as the target ice surface. Plan a 2,800-meter-by-70-meter north-south rectangular planning area on the target ice surface. Smooth the rectangular planning area manually or mechanically, and then plan a 2,600-meter-by-60-meter north-south rectangular construction area on the smoothed rectangular planning area. Step 2: The rectangular construction area is excavated manually and mechanically until a rectangular pit with a depth of 3m is excavated. The excavated ice and snow are placed on one side for standby use. The bottom surface of the rectangular pit is polished using a grinding device. The excavated ice and snow are placed in a crusher for crushing. The ice and snow are heated and melted into liquid water. The liquid water is initially filtered and then distilled. The distilled liquid water is placed in a 2m×2m×1.5m mold and pressurized to cool into solid high-hardness ice blocks. The high-hardness ice blocks are laid at the bottom of the rectangular pit, thus completing the preparation and laying of the base layer. Step 3: Continue to place the excavated ice and snow into a crusher for crushing, place the crushed ice into a mixer for stirring, add sawdust and cotton during the stirring process until it is uniform, and evenly lay the crushed ice containing sawdust and cotton on top of the base layer. After laying, pour distilled water into the crushed ice, compact the crushed ice with a compactor, and lay crushed ice with added sawdust and cotton again on top of the compacted ice layer. After laying, continue to pour the same proportion of water into the crushed ice, and compact the crushed ice again with a compactor. This completes the preparation and laying of the elastic layer with a thickness of 1m. Step 4: Continue to place the excavated ice and snow in a crusher for crushing. After crushing into fine particles, place them in a mixer for stirring. During the stirring process, add silicon carbide particles until uniform. The evenly stirred crushed ice is evenly laid on the top of the elastic layer and compacted with a compactor. After laying, pour distilled water into the crushed ice until the preparation and laying of the road surface layer with a thickness of 0.5m is completed. In steps 1, 2, and 3, the elastic modulus E1 and Poisson's ratio V1 of the base layer, the elastic modulus E2 and Poisson's ratio V2 of the elastic layer, and the elastic modulus E3 and Poisson's ratio V3 of the pavement layer are experimentally measured. First, the load per unit length q is calculated using the following formula: Where: p represents the total load of the entire runway. This runway is based on a 500t transport aircraft load. L represents the total length of the designed runway. Calculate the bending stiffness of each layer 1. 2 and 3; The bearing bending value of each layer is calculated by the following formula Where: L represents the total length of the entire runway, and the bearing bending value of each layer is calculated 1. 2 and 3; The maximum deflection of the runway can be calculated using the following formula: : The overall runway protection factor k can be calculated using the following formula: in: is the thickness of the runway as a whole, when When the overall structure of the runway meets the design standards, The overall structure of the runway does not meet the design standards.

2. The layered design method for compacted snow runway structure based on elastic layer theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the steps 1, 2 and 3, the excavated ice and snow are crushed by an ice crusher, and the crushed particles are 1-3 cm in size. The crushed ice layer can facilitate the addition of auxiliary ice to the elastic layer and the road surface layer for compaction, so that the auxiliary materials can be stirred and mixed more evenly.

3. The layered design method for compacted snow runway structure based on elastic layer theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, after the 2m×2m×1.5m high-hardness ice blocks are made in the mold, the mold needs to be heated so that the surface of the high-hardness ice blocks melts due to the heat, and then the high-hardness ice blocks are quickly placed in a rectangular pit with a depth of 3m, so that the adjacent high-hardness ice blocks with melted surfaces can quickly contact and solidify together. During the laying process, distilled water needs to be poured into the edge seams of the high-hardness ice blocks.

4. The layered design method for compacted snow runway structure based on elastic layer theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step three, after the ice and snow are crushed, the added wood chips and cotton are respectively 3% and 2% of the total amount of the stirred crushed ice. This content of wood chips and cotton can effectively ensure the toughness of the elastic layer.

5. The layered design method for compacted snow runway structure based on elastic layer theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, distilled water (5% of the total amount of the crushed ice) needs to be added to the crushed ice during compaction using a compactor. Adding distilled water helps ensure the adhesion of the crushed ice during the compaction process, ensures the density of the elastic layer, and reduces the loosening of the elastic layer.

6. The layered design method for compacted snow runway structure based on elastic layer theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, during the compaction of the crushed ice using a compactor, distilled water accounting for 5% of the total amount of the crushed ice needs to be added to the crushed ice, and the added silicon carbide particles account for 15%-18% of the total amount of the stirred crushed ice to ensure that the pavement layer has high wear resistance.

7. The method for layered design of compacted snow runway structure based on elastic layer theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the pavement layer is laid, the top of the pavement layer needs to be polished using a grinder so that the height difference within a diameter of 3 meters does not exceed 2 cm, the runway is within 250 meters, the longitudinal slope is not greater than 1.5%, the transverse slope is not greater than 2%, and not less than 1%.

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