A method and system for identifying earthquake rupture patterns

Abstract

The present invention is a method and system for identifying earthquake rupture patterns, and relates to the field of earthquake monitoring. The present application proposes a method for inverting the rupture process of small and medium earthquakes by considering the dynamic characteristics of earthquake rupture, and discloses a method for identifying earthquake rupture patterns based on the inversion results. The earthquake rupture pattern identification method disclosed in the present invention is used to determine the rupture patterns of small and medium earthquakes, and can effectively reduce the uncertainty and non-uniqueness of the inversion results in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of earthquake monitoring technology, and more particularly to an earthquake rupture pattern recognition method and system. Background Art

[0002] The inversion study of earthquake rupture process is the core of earthquake source kinematics research. Its research results provide empirical evidence for the study of earthquake source physics and even earthquake physics, and gradually become an important technical approach to understand the mechanism of earthquake source dynamics and then reduce and prevent disasters.

[0003] Among them, earthquake ruptures are divided into small and medium earthquake ruptures and large earthquake ruptures. Small and medium earthquakes are different from large earthquakes. Although linear inversion methods or nonlinear inversion methods can also be used, compared with large earthquakes, their rupture process duration is shorter and the rupture area is smaller. Therefore, when studying small and medium earthquakes, it is necessary to use higher frequency observation data and divide the fault plane into smaller sub-faults to ensure the temporal and spatial resolution of the rupture process image, so that the details and changes of the rupture process can be seen more clearly.

[0004] However, high-frequency data may contain more noise, which will affect the accuracy of the inversion results. At the same time, dividing the fault plane into smaller sub-faults means that more parameters need to be estimated, which not only increases the complexity of the inversion problem, but also may not be able to uniquely determine the values ​​of all parameters due to the limited available observation data, thereby increasing the non-uniqueness of the inversion results.

[0005] In addition, when performing inversion, it is usually necessary to introduce prior information to constrain the range of solutions. For smaller sub-faults, stronger prior constraints may be required to stabilize the problem, but this prior information may also affect the final results, making the results more dependent on the selected prior model rather than the actual data.

[0006] Therefore, how to overcome the above problems is a problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, in order to reduce the uncertainty and non-uniqueness of the inversion results, the present invention provides a new method suitable for inverting the rupture process of small and medium earthquakes and can be used for rupture pattern identification.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for identifying earthquake rupture patterns, comprising:

[0010] Determine the sliding rate function in crack mode and the sliding rate function in pulse mode;

[0011] Based on the slip rate function in crack mode and pulse mode, combined with earthquake observation data, the earthquake rupture process is inverted to obtain the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in crack mode and the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in pulse mode.

[0012] The earthquake rupture mode is identified based on the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode and the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode.

[0013] As a preferred method, the earthquake rupture process is inverted according to the following formula:

[0014]

[0015] In the formula, U(x,t) represents the station observation data, G k (x, t) represents the empirical Green's function, represents the crack mode sliding rate function, represents the pulse mode sliding rate function, represents the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode, represents the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode, and K represents the number of sub-faults.

[0016] Preferably, identifying earthquake rupture modes comprises:

[0017] Determine a crack scalar seismic moment according to the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode, determine a pulse scalar seismic moment according to the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode, and identify an earthquake rupture mode based on the crack scalar seismic moment and the pulse scalar seismic moment in the following steps;

[0018] When the ratio of the crack scalar seismic moment to the total scalar seismic moment is not less than 2 / 3 or the ratio of the pulse scalar seismic moment to the total scalar seismic moment is not greater than 1 / 3, the earthquake rupture is a crack mode;

[0019] When the ratio of the crack scalar seismic moment to the total scalar seismic moment is not greater than 1 / 3 or the ratio of the pulse scalar seismic moment to the total scalar seismic moment is not less than 2 / 3, the earthquake rupture is in pulse mode;

[0020] When the ratio of the crack scalar seismic moment to the total scalar seismic moment is greater than 1 / 3 and less than 2 / 3, or the ratio of the pulse scalar seismic moment to the total scalar seismic moment is greater than 1 / 3 and less than 2 / 3, the earthquake rupture is of mixed type.

[0021] Preferably, the product of the slip rate function in the crack mode and the amplitude of the slip rate function of the corresponding sub-fault is integrated to obtain the crack scalar seismic moment;

[0022] And the pulse scalar seismic moment is obtained by integrating the product of the slip rate function in the pulse mode and the amplitude of the corresponding sub-fault slip rate function.

[0023] Among them, the total scalar seismic moment is a given prior information, which comes from the focal mechanism solution.

[0024] Preferably, imaging the earthquake rupture process comprises:

[0025] Imaging of earthquake rupture components based on crack scalar seismic moment and pulse scalar seismic moment;

[0026] and determining a real-time slip rate function of an earthquake rupture according to the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode and the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode, and imaging the slip distribution on the fault plane based on the real-time slip rate function of the earthquake rupture;

[0027] When imaging the slip distribution, the real-time slip rate function of the earthquake rupture is first integrated to obtain the slip amount, and then the slip distribution on the fault plane is imaged according to the slip amount; the details are as follows:

[0028]

[0029] Where D k represents the slip of the kth sub-fault on the fault plane, Sk(t) represents the real-time slip rate function of the kth sub-fault, μ represents the shear modulus of the medium, and A k represents the area of ​​the kth sub-fault.

[0030] Preferably, the real-time slip rate function of earthquake rupture is determined according to the following formula:

[0031]

[0032] In the formula, represents the crack mode sliding rate function, represents the pulse mode sliding rate function, represents the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode, represents the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode, and K represents the number of sub-faults.

[0033] Preferably, the sliding rate function in the crack mode and the sliding rate function in the pulse mode are determined by Yoffe function.

[0034] In another aspect, the present invention provides an earthquake rupture pattern recognition imaging system, comprising:

[0035] A sliding rate function preset unit, used to determine the sliding rate function in the crack mode and the sliding rate function in the pulse mode;

[0036] An earthquake rupture inversion unit is used to invert the earthquake rupture process based on the slip rate function in the crack mode and the slip rate function in the pulse mode in combination with earthquake observation data to obtain the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode and the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode;

[0037] The earthquake rupture mode identification unit is used to identify the earthquake rupture mode according to the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode and the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode.

[0038] Preferably, in the earthquake rupture inversion unit, the earthquake rupture process is inverted according to the following formula:

[0039]

[0040] In the formula, U(x,t) represents the station observation data, G k (x, t) represents the empirical Green's function, represents the crack mode sliding rate function, represents the pulse mode sliding rate function, represents the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode, represents the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode, and K represents the number of sub-faults.

[0041] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a method and system for identifying earthquake rupture patterns, which inverts the rupture process of small and medium earthquakes by introducing the typical characteristics of crack patterns and pulse patterns of earthquake ruptures, and identifies earthquake rupture patterns based on the inversion results. The present invention can not only greatly reduce the uncertainty of the inversion results and reduce the non-uniqueness of the inversion results, but also obtain stable and reliable images of the rupture process of small and medium earthquakes, as well as the rupture patterns of small and medium earthquakes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the earthquake rupture pattern recognition imaging method of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 The target earthquake, the empirical Green's function event, and the station distribution diagram in the numerical experimental test of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3This is the test result of the pure crack mode of unilateral fracture of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the rupture process inversion results of the present invention for the Mw4.0 earthquake that occurred at 26.9337°N, 102.9334°E on May 25, 2019. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Embodiment 1

[0049] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for identifying earthquake rupture patterns. Figure 1 , including the following steps:

[0050] Determine the sliding rate function in crack mode and the sliding rate function in pulse mode;

[0051] Based on the slip rate function in the crack mode and the slip rate function in the pulse mode, combined with earthquake observation data, the earthquake rupture process is inverted to obtain the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode and the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode;

[0052] The earthquake rupture mode is identified based on the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode and the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode.

[0053] In the field of earthquakes, rupture modes mainly include crack mode and pulse mode; in the crack mode, after the rupture begins, the sliding of the rupture point continues until the expansion of the earthquake rupture front stops, at which time the sliding duration of the initial rupture point is almost the same as the total rupture duration; the pulse mode is different from the crack mode, and its manifestation is that after the rupture point starts to slide, the sliding lasts for a shorter time, and the duration of each rupture point accounts for a smaller part of the total rupture time.

[0054] In the study of large earthquake rupture patterns, statistical analysis methods are usually used. However, the results of statistical analysis are easily affected by the inversion parameters of the rupture process. The rupture process of small and medium-sized earthquakes has a short duration and a small rupture area, which leads to many estimated parameters and it is impossible to uniquely determine the values ​​of all parameters. As a result, statistical analysis methods cannot achieve good results when applied to small and medium-sized earthquakes.

[0055] To this end, this application introduces two modes of sliding rate functions, and further discloses a rupture mode recognition imaging method for small and medium earthquakes; the specific process is as follows:

[0056] Step 1, determining the sliding rate function under crack mode and the sliding rate function under pulse mode;

[0057] In this embodiment, the Yoffe function is used as the sub-fault slip rate function, which can not only describe the kinematic characteristics of the rupture point, but also fit the dynamic properties of the rupture point, and its shape only needs the rise time τ R And the acceleration time T acc Two parameters can be determined.

[0058] In an exemplary embodiment, the specific description of the Yoffe function S(t) is:

[0059]

[0060] in,

[0061]

[0062]

[0063]

[0064]

[0065]

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] T acc =1.3τ S

[0069] In this embodiment, the width of the sub-fault slip rate function (sub-fault rise time) during the rupture process of the pulse type event accounts for 8%-25% of the total duration of the earthquake rupture, and the ratio of the sub-fault slip acceleration time to the rise time is usually about 10%-30%;

[0070] The rise time of a crack event is the total duration of the earthquake minus the rupture delay time. The sub-fault rupture delay time = (the distance between the sub-fault and the rupture starting point) / rupture speed; and the ratio of the sub-fault acceleration time to its rise time is also 10%-30%.

[0071] Step 2: Based on the slip rate function in the crack mode and the slip rate function in the pulse mode, combined with the earthquake observation data, the earthquake rupture process is inverted to obtain the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode and the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode; wherein the inversion process is as follows:

[0072]

[0073] In the formula, U(x,t) represents the station observation data, G k (x, t) represents the empirical Green's function, represents the crack mode sliding rate function, represents the pulse mode sliding rate function, represents the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode, represents the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode, and K represents the total number of sub-faults.

[0074] Step 3, identifying the earthquake rupture mode according to the sub-fault slip rate function amplitude under the crack mode and the sub-fault slip rate function amplitude under the pulse mode;

[0075] In this embodiment, when identifying the earthquake rupture mode,

[0076] Firstly, the crack scalar seismic moment and the pulse scalar seismic moment are determined according to the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode and the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode, respectively; that is,

[0077] Sliding rate function for crack mode and the corresponding sub-fault slip rate function amplitude Integrate the product of to obtain the crack scalar seismic moment M crac k;

[0078] And the sliding rate function in pulse mode and the corresponding sub-fault slip rate function amplitude Integrate the product of pulse .

[0079] Furthermore, in order to quantitatively determine the rupture mode of an earthquake event, the proportion of scalar seismic moments released by different modes is used as a criterion for pattern recognition, that is, the earthquake rupture mode is identified according to the following steps, including:

[0080] When the crack scalar seismic moment M crack The ratio of the total scalar seismic moment M0 is not less than 2 / 3 or the pulse scalar seismic moment M pulse When the ratio of M0 to the total scalar seismic moment is no more than 1 / 3, that is, M crack / M0≥2 / 3 or M pulse / M0≤1 / 3, the earthquake rupture is a crack mode;

[0081] When the crack scalar seismic moment M crack The ratio of the total scalar seismic moment M0 is not greater than 1 / 3 or the pulse scalar seismic moment M pulse When the ratio of M0 to the total scalar seismic moment is not less than 2 / 3, that is, M crack / M0≤1 / 3 or M pulse / M0≥2 / 3, the earthquake rupture is in pulse mode;

[0082] When the crack scalar seismic moment M crack When the ratio of the pulse scalar seismic moment M0 to the total scalar seismic moment M0 is greater than 1 / 3 and less than 2 / 3, or the ratio of the pulse scalar seismic moment M0 to the total scalar seismic moment M0 is greater than 1 / 3 and less than 2 / 3, that is, 1 / 3<M crack / M0<2 / 3 or 1 / 3<M pulse / M0<2 / 3, the earthquake rupture is of mixed type.

[0083] Among them, the total scalar seismic moment M0 is the given prior information, which comes from the focal mechanism solution.

[0084] In a preferred embodiment, imaging the earthquake rupture process based on the inversion result specifically includes:

[0085] The earthquake rupture components are imaged based on the crack scalar seismic moment and the pulse scalar seismic moment. crack The crack component of earthquake rupture is imaged according to the pulse scalar seismic moment M pulse imaging the impulse component of earthquake ruptures;

[0086] Furthermore, according to the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode and the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode, the real-time slip rate function S of the earthquake rupture is determined. k (t), based on the real-time slip rate function S of the earthquake rupture k (t) Imaging the slip distribution on the fault plane;

[0087] When imaging the slip distribution, the real-time slip rate function S of the earthquake rupture is firstly k (t) is integrated to obtain the sliding amount D k , and then image the slip distribution on the fault plane according to the slip amount; the details are as follows:

[0088]

[0089] Where D k represents the slip of the kth sub-fault on the fault plane, Sk(t) represents the real-time slip rate function of the kth sub-fault, μ represents the shear modulus of the medium, and A krepresents the area of ​​the kth sub-fault.

[0090] It should be noted that the real-time slip rate function of earthquake rupture is determined according to the following formula:

[0091]

[0092] In the formula, represents the crack mode sliding rate function, represents the pulse mode sliding rate function, represents the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode, represents the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode, and K represents the number of sub-faults.

[0093] Embodiment 2

[0094] This embodiment provides an earthquake rupture pattern recognition system, including:

[0095] A sliding rate function preset unit, used to determine the sliding rate function in the crack mode and the sliding rate function in the pulse mode;

[0096] An earthquake rupture inversion unit is used to invert the earthquake rupture process based on the slip rate function in the crack mode and the slip rate function in the pulse mode in combination with earthquake observation data to obtain the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode and the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode;

[0097] The earthquake rupture mode identification unit is used to identify the earthquake rupture mode according to the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode and the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode.

[0098] Preferably, in the earthquake rupture inversion unit, the earthquake rupture process is inverted according to the following formula:

[0099]

[0100] In the formula, U(x,t) represents the station observation data, G k (x, t) represents the empirical Green's function, represents the crack mode sliding rate function, represents the pulse mode sliding rate function, represents the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode, represents the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode, and K represents the number of sub-faults.

[0101] In addition, in the earthquake rupture mode identification unit, the identification of earthquake rupture modes based on the sub-fault slip rate function amplitude in the crack mode and the sub-fault slip rate function amplitude in the pulse mode is consistent with the first embodiment, so it will not be repeated here.

[0102] In order to ensure the effectiveness of the new method, we have completed the inversion method design and core program compilation, and carried out numerical experimental tests.

[0103] The specific test results are as follows.

[0104] by Figure 2 The Mw4.0 earthquake shown is the target earthquake, and a Mw2.6 earthquake is selected as the empirical Green's function event. A unilateral rupture model is designed to test the applicability of the new method for inverting the rupture process of small and medium earthquakes and identifying rupture modes. Figure 2 In the figure, the red five-pointed stars and red beach balls represent the target earthquakes in the numerical experimental test, the green triangles and green beach balls represent the empirical Green's function events, and the red triangles are the distribution map of the stations used.

[0105] When the model is a pure crack mode with unilateral rupture, the input model length and width are 1.0 km and 0.6 km respectively, the rupture duration is 0.5 s, the sub-fault acceleration time is 0.1 s, and the crack mode accounts for 100%. The test results are as follows Figure 3 As shown in the figure, (a) is the source time function STF (gray area) of the preset crack mode component and the crack mode component STF (blue line) obtained by inversion; (b) is the pulse mode component STF (red line) obtained by inversion; (c) is the slip distribution on the input fault plane; (d) is the slip distribution on the fault plane restored by inversion; (e) is the comparison of the crack mode STF (gray area) preset for the sub-fault and the crack mode STF (blue line) and pulse mode STF (red line) obtained by inversion. The five-pointed star in sub-figures (c)-(e) indicates the starting rupture point.

[0106] From the comparison between the input model and the inversion results, it can be seen that the source time function and coseismic slip are well restored, and the ratio of the scalar seismic moment corresponding to the crack mode to the total scalar seismic moment is 96%, indicating that the target earthquake rupture is a crack mode.

[0107] In addition, the present application also sequentially inverts the unilateral rupture of pure pulse mode, the unilateral rupture of mixed mode, the symmetrical rupture of pure crack mode, the symmetrical rupture of pure pulse mode, and the symmetrical rupture of mixed mode, and the experimental results have achieved good results.

[0108] Furthermore, in order to ensure the effectiveness and practicality of the new method, this application applies it to actual earthquake cases, such as the rupture process inversion and rupture pattern identification of a Mw4.0 earthquake that occurred at 26.9337°N, 102.9334°E on May 25, 2019.

[0109] On May 25, 2019, a Mw4.0 earthquake occurred at 26.9337°N, 102.9334°E. Figure 4 As shown, (a) is the distribution of stations (red triangles) used for inversion; (b) is the source time function, the yellow area represents the total source time function of the earthquake obtained by inversion, the blue line represents the source time function of the crack mode component obtained by inversion, and the red line represents the source time function of the pulse mode component obtained by inversion; (c) is the co-seismic slip distribution result of the Mw4.0 earthquake obtained by inversion, and the red five-pointed star represents the starting rupture point; (d) is the distribution of the source time function of the sub-fault crack mode component (blue line) and the source time function of the pulse mode component (red line) obtained by inversion; (e) is the fitting of the observed waveform (black line) and the synthetic waveform (red line), and time 0 represents the first arrival time of the P wave.

[0110] This application selects a Mw2.6 earthquake near the Mw4.0 target earthquake and with a similar focal mechanism to the target earthquake as an empirical Green's function event.

[0111] Firstly, the apparent source time function method was used to extract the apparent source time function of the target earthquake at the actual station shown in Figure (a), and based on the average apparent source time function, it was found that the rupture duration of this Mw4.0 target earthquake was about 0.6s.

[0112] According to the crack pattern characteristics, the maximum rise time of the crack pattern sub-fault is given as 0.6s in this earthquake case application; according to the statistical analysis results of the ratio of the pulse mode sub-fault rise time to the total duration of earthquake rupture in existing studies, the ratio is given as 20% in this earthquake case application. In addition, according to the analysis results of the ratio of the sub-fault slip acceleration time to its rise time in existing studies, the ratio is given as 20% in this earthquake case application. Finally, the rupture process of this Mw4.0 earthquake was obtained by inverting the new method using the above inversion parameters. According to the inversion results, it can be seen that the ratio of the scalar seismic moment of the pulse component to the total scalar seismic moment of the earthquake is 91%, which shows that this earthquake is a pulse type event.

[0113] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the system disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0114] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for identifying earthquake rupture patterns, characterized in that: include: Determine the sliding rate function in crack mode and the sliding rate function in pulse mode; Based on the slip rate function in crack mode and pulse mode, combined with earthquake observation data, the earthquake rupture process is inverted to obtain the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in crack mode and the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in pulse mode. Identify earthquake rupture modes based on the sub-fault slip rate function amplitude in crack mode and the sub-fault slip rate function amplitude in pulse mode; including: Determining a crack scalar seismic moment according to the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function under the crack mode, and determining a pulse scalar seismic moment according to the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function under the pulse mode, including integrating the product of the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function under the crack mode and the slip rate function under the crack mode to obtain the crack scalar seismic moment; and integrating the product of the sub-fault slip rate function amplitude in the pulse mode and the slip rate function in the pulse mode to obtain the pulse scalar seismic moment; Identify earthquake rupture modes based on crack scalar seismic moments and pulse scalar seismic moments in the following steps; When the ratio of the crack scalar seismic moment to the total scalar seismic moment is not less than 2 / 3 or the ratio of the pulse scalar seismic moment to the total scalar seismic moment is not greater than 1 / 3, the earthquake rupture is a crack mode; When the ratio of the crack scalar seismic moment to the total scalar seismic moment is not greater than 1 / 3 or the ratio of the pulse scalar seismic moment to the total scalar seismic moment is not less than 2 / 3, the earthquake rupture is in pulse mode; When the ratio of the crack scalar seismic moment to the total scalar seismic moment is greater than 1 / 3 and less than 2 / 3, or the ratio of the pulse scalar seismic moment to the total scalar seismic moment is greater than 1 / 3 and less than 2 / 3, the earthquake rupture is of mixed type.

2. A method for identifying earthquake rupture patterns according to claim 1, characterized in that: The earthquake rupture process is inverted according to the following formula; In the formula, U(x,t) represents the station observation data, G k (x, t) represents the empirical Green's function, represents the crack mode sliding rate function, represents the pulse mode sliding rate function, represents the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode, represents the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode, and K represents the total number of sub-faults.

3. The earthquake rupture pattern recognition method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Imaging of earthquake rupture components based on crack scalar seismic moment and pulse scalar seismic moment; And according to the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode and the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode, the real-time slip rate function of the earthquake rupture is determined, and the slip distribution on the fault plane is imaged based on the real-time slip rate function of the earthquake rupture.

4. A method for identifying earthquake rupture patterns according to claim 3, characterized in that: The real-time slip rate function of earthquake rupture is determined according to the following formula: In the formula, represents the crack mode sliding rate function, represents the pulse mode sliding rate function, represents the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode, represents the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode, and K represents the total number of sub-faults.

5. The earthquake rupture pattern recognition method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding rate function in crack mode and the sliding rate function in pulse mode are determined by Yoffe function.

6. An earthquake rupture pattern recognition system, characterized in that: A method for identifying earthquake rupture patterns according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is applied, comprising: A sliding rate function preset unit, used to determine the sliding rate function in the crack mode and the sliding rate function in the pulse mode; An earthquake rupture inversion unit is used to invert the earthquake rupture process based on the slip rate function in the crack mode and the slip rate function in the pulse mode in combination with earthquake observation data to obtain the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode and the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode; The earthquake rupture mode identification unit is used to identify the earthquake rupture mode according to the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode and the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode.

7. The earthquake rupture pattern recognition system according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the earthquake rupture inversion unit, the earthquake rupture process is inverted according to the following formula; In the formula, U(x,t) represents the station observation data, G k (x, t) represents the empirical Green's function, represents the crack mode sliding rate function, represents the pulse mode sliding rate function, represents the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the crack mode, represents the amplitude of the sub-fault slip rate function in the pulse mode, and K represents the number of sub-faults.

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