Full-automatic cotton topping mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a full-automatic cotton topping mechanism, which comprises a moving frame, a topping mechanism, a positioning mechanism and a bud detection mechanism, wherein rollers are installed at the lower sides of the moving frame, a plurality of groups of the topping mechanisms are installed below the moving frame in parallel, the topping mechanisms are in sliding cooperation with the moving frame, a plurality of groups of the positioning mechanisms are installed on the moving frame, each group of the positioning mechanisms corresponds to one of the topping mechanisms, and the bud detection mechanism is installed on the positioning mechanism; the full-automatic cotton topping mechanism can reduce the equipment cost, ensure the topping effect of the cotton, and automatically top the cotton according to the growth of the cotton.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment, specifically to a fully automatic topping mechanism for cotton. Background Technology

[0002] When cotton plants reach a certain height during their growth, they need to be topped, which means pinching off the terminal bud. This removes apical dominance, allowing nutrients to be transported to the lateral branches, resulting in more cotton production and higher yield per acre. Currently, topping is usually done manually, which is relatively inefficient.

[0003] Currently, there are automated devices on the market for topping cotton plants. These devices mainly use a vision system to identify the top of the cotton plant, and then use a laser to burn off the top bud or a blade to cut the top bud. These devices require a vision system, which makes the production cost of a single unit relatively high. In addition, these devices cannot be used in environments with poor lighting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention proposes a fully automatic topping mechanism for cotton, which reduces equipment costs while ensuring the effectiveness of cotton topping, and performs fully automatic topping according to the growth conditions of the cotton.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a fully automatic topping mechanism for cotton, comprising a movable frame, a topping mechanism, a positioning mechanism, and a bud detection mechanism. Rollers are installed on the lower sides of the movable frame. Multiple sets of topping mechanisms are installed side-by-side below the movable frame, and the topping mechanisms slide in conjunction with the movable frame. An adjustment component is provided between adjacent topping mechanisms to adjust the distance between them. Multiple sets of positioning mechanisms are installed on the movable frame, each corresponding to a topping mechanism. A bud detection mechanism is installed on the positioning mechanism to detect the height of the bud.

[0006] The lifting mechanism includes a rotating frame, a linkage frame, a radius adjustment component, a lifting and removing component, and a drive component. Multiple rotating frames are arranged side-by-side. The linkage frame is mounted on a movable frame and slides between the linkage frame and the movable frame. A rotating shaft is mounted on the linkage frame via bearings, passing through multiple rotating frames and slidingly engaging with them. The rotating shaft is a multi-faceted rod. When lifting the top, the linkage frame moves backward. Multiple lifting and removing components are installed on the outer circumference of each rotating frame. A radius adjustment component is installed between each lifting and removing component and the rotating frame. A drive component is installed at one end of the rotating shaft, which is a stepper motor, to achieve uniform rotation of the shaft.

[0007] The positioning mechanism includes a positioning plate and a positioning groove. A sliding slot is installed at the bottom of each lifting and removing component. A positioning plate that moves within the sliding slot is locked in the sliding slot. A V-shaped positioning groove is opened on the inner side of each positioning plate. The two positioning plates are staggered vertically. The bud is positioned by the relative movement of the positioning plates, so that the bud is located directly below the lifting and removing component.

[0008] A bud detection mechanism is installed inside each set of lifting and removing components. When the bud detection mechanism descends and contacts the bud tip, it is triggered, and the lifting and removing components remove the bud.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating frame is a circular rotating disk. The radius adjustment component includes a slide groove, a slider, and a mounting base. Each rotating disk has multiple slide grooves distributed from the center outwards, arranged in a circular array. Each slide groove contains a slider that can slide within it. Each slider has a mounting base, and a lifting and lifting assembly is mounted on the mounting base. A connecting rod is inserted into each slide groove, extending into the slide groove of the rotating disk. The connecting rod is slidably connected to the slider in the slide groove. Adjusting rods are hinged to both ends of each connecting rod. An adjusting ring is fitted on the rotating shaft, and the adjusting rod is hinged to the adjusting ring. A locking bolt is installed on the adjusting ring, and the locking bolt abuts against the rotating shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the lifting and unloading assembly includes a lifting component, a closing component, and a unloading blade. The lifting component includes a lifting guide rod, a guide ring, and a lifting cylinder. Two opposing lifting guide rods are mounted on each mounting base. A lifting cylinder is installed between the two lifting guide rods. A guide ring that moves up and down is fitted onto each lifting guide rod. A spring that pulls the guide ring towards the mounting base is fitted onto the lifting guide rod. A closing component is installed between the two guide rings. The closing component includes a rectangular sliding rod, a sliding ring, and a small motor. The two ends of the sliding rod are mounted on the outer walls of two guide rings. Two sliding rings are fitted on the rectangular sliding rod. A small motor is installed at the end of the piston rod of the top-loading cylinder. The output shaft of the small motor is installed on the top of the rectangular sliding rod. A pull rope is installed on the output shaft of the small motor by means of a rope, and the other end of the pull rope is connected to the sliding ring. Springs are fitted on both ends of the rectangular sliding rod, and the sliding rings are moved to both ends of the sliding rod by means of the springs. There are two top-loading cutters. The two top-loading cutters are joined together to form a four-sided pyramid. The contact surface of the two top-loading cutters is the cutting edge.

[0011] Preferably, a gear is provided above each positioning plate, and a rotating rod is fixed to both sides of the gear by welding. The rotating rod is coaxial with the central axis of the gear, and both ends of the rotating rod extend into the swing sleeve. The side of the swing sleeve is fixed to the lifting guide rod. A horizontally arranged rack is installed on the positioning plate and meshes with the gear above the positioning plate. A serpentine spring is provided between the side of the positioning plate and the sliding groove. A cable is wound around the rotating rod, and the top of the cable is installed on the guide ring.

[0012] Preferably, a translational track is provided at the bottom of the movable frame, and the top of the translational track is welded to the bottom of the movable frame. A translational block that moves on the translational track is locked on the translational track, and the bottom of the translational block is installed on the linkage frame. A tension spring is installed between the translational block and the movable frame, and the tension spring is used to pull the translational block forward and reset it. Multiple insertion rods are installed at the tail of the movable frame, and insertion cylinders are installed at the top of the insertion rods. The cylinder body of the insertion cylinder is connected to the linkage frame through a connecting plate.

[0013] Preferably, multiple proximity switch triggering components are installed on the rotating disks located on both sides. The proximity switch triggering components are positioned corresponding to the lifting and jacking components. Proximity switches are installed on the inner walls of both sides of the movable frame. The rotation of the rotating disks enables the proximity switches to sequentially align with the triggering components. When the proximity switch is triggered, the jacking cylinder and the inserting cylinder lift and work. After the jacking is completed, the jacking cylinder and the inserting cylinder retract.

[0014] Preferably, the apical bud detection mechanism is installed below the rectangular sliding rod. The apical bud detection mechanism is an ultrasonic ranging sensor. When the bottom of the ultrasonic ranging sensor contacts the apical bud, a small motor works to remove the apical bud.

[0015] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of this utility model are: while reducing equipment costs, it ensures the effect of cotton topping, and at the same time, it can carry out fully automated topping according to the growth of cotton. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a single top-applying mechanism of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting and unlifting assembly and positioning mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a front view of the lifting and unlifting assembly and positioning mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating disk of the present invention.

[0022] The components include: 1. Moving frame; 2. Roller; 3. Top-opening mechanism; 4. Rotating frame; 5. Rotary disk; 6. Radius adjustment assembly; 7. Slide groove; 8. Slider; 9. Mounting base; 10. Connecting rod; 11. Adjusting rod; 12. Adjusting ring; 13. Lifting and top-opening assembly; 14. Lifting assembly; 15. Lifting guide rod; 16. Guide ring; 17. Top-opening cylinder; 18. Closing assembly; 19. Rectangular sliding rod; 20. Sliding ring; 21. Small motor; 22. Pull rope; 23. Top-opening knife; 24. Drive. 25. Moving component, 26. Linkage frame, 27. Rotating shaft, 28. Positioning mechanism, 29. Positioning plate, 30. Positioning groove, 31. Sliding slot, 32. Apical bud detection mechanism, 33. Ultrasonic ranging sensor, 34. Gear, 35. Rotating rod, 36. Swinging sleeve, 37. Rack, 38. Snake spring, 39. Cable, 40. Translation track, 41. Translation block, 42. Tension spring, 43. Insertion rod, 44. Insertion cylinder, 45. Trigger component, 46. Proximity switch, 47. Spacing adjustment component. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figure 1-6As shown, a fully automatic cotton topping mechanism 3 includes a movable frame 1, a topping mechanism 3, a positioning mechanism 27, and a bud detection mechanism 31. Rollers 2 are installed on both sides of the movable frame 1, which is a gantry frame. The rollers 2, driven by a motor, are bolted to the bottom of the movable frame 1, controlling the rollers 2 to move at a constant speed, thus achieving the translation of the movable frame 1. Multiple sets of topping mechanisms 3 are installed side-by-side below the movable frame 1, each set corresponding to a row of cotton. The topping mechanism 3 is positioned directly above the cotton. The movable frame 1 moves the topping mechanism 3 above the cotton to perform topping. The topping mechanism 3 and the movable frame 1 slide together. During topping, the topping mechanism 3 cannot move, but the movable frame 1 needs to move at a constant speed. This sliding cooperation ensures that the topping mechanism 3 remains stationary for a short period during topping. The movable frame 1 has a spacing adjustment component 46 between adjacent topping mechanisms 3. The spacing adjustment component 46 can adjust the spacing between adjacent topping mechanisms 3. Due to the different planting areas, the spacing between two rows of cotton is not consistent. The spacing between adjacent topping mechanisms 3 is adjusted by adjusting the spacing component. Multiple sets of positioning mechanisms 27 are installed on the movable frame 1. Each set of positioning mechanisms 27 corresponds one-to-one with the topping mechanism 3. When cotton grows, the apical bud may tilt to the side. In this case, the position of the apical bud can only be determined by a vision system (since vision systems are expensive, installing a vision system increases the equipment cost). This application uses the positioning mechanism 27 to straighten the tilted apical bud, which facilitates topping. The positioning mechanism 27 is equipped with an apical bud detection mechanism 31 to detect the height of the apical bud. This application is mainly used in large-scale cotton planting areas where the spacing between adjacent cotton trees is consistent.

[0025] The top-mounting mechanism 3 includes a rotating frame 4, a radius adjustment component 6, a lifting and removing component 13, and a drive component 24. Multiple rotating frames 4 are arranged horizontally side-by-side. A rotating shaft 26 is mounted on the linkage frame 25 via bearings (both ends of the rotating shaft 26 are mounted on the linkage frame 25 via bearings). The rotating shaft 26 passes through multiple rotating frames 4 and is in sliding engagement with them (i.e., the rotating shaft 26 passes through multiple sets of rotating frames 4, allowing the rotating frames 4 to move left and right on the rotating shaft 26). This facilitates adjustment of the spacing between the rotating frames 4, thus adjusting the top-mounting mechanism 3. The distance between them), the rotating shaft 26 is a multi-faceted rod, the linkage frame 25 is installed on the moving frame 1 and the linkage frame 25 and the moving frame 1 are slidably engaged. When the top is removed, the linkage frame 25 moves backward, and the lifting and removing component 13 does not move relative to the top bud of the cotton. Multiple lifting and removing components 13 are provided on the outer circumference of each rotating frame 4. When the lifting and removing component 13 rotates to the bottom of the rotating frame 4, the lifting and removing component descends to remove the top of the cotton tree. A radius adjustment component 6 is installed between each lifting and removing component 13 and the rotating frame 4. The height of cotton trees in the same area is not uniform. Before topping, the height of the lifting and topping assembly 13 needs to be adjusted according to the height of the cotton trees in the area. The height adjustment of the lifting and topping assembly 13 is mainly based on the radius adjustment assembly 6. A drive assembly 24 is installed on one end of the rotating shaft 26 by bolts. The rotation of the rotating shaft 26 is achieved by the drive assembly 24, which is a stepper motor. The stepper motor achieves uniform rotation of the rotating shaft 26. When working, first rotate one set of lifting and topping assemblies 13 to the center of the rotating frame 4. Below, the lifting and topping assembly 13 is positioned directly above the top bud of the cotton tree. The height of the lifting and topping assembly 13 is then adjusted by the radius adjustment assembly 6 so that the lifting and topping assembly 13 is positioned directly above and close to the top bud. The lifting and topping assembly 13 descends to remove the top bud of the cotton tree. Since the moving speed of the moving frame 1 is fixed, the rotation speed of the drive assembly 24 is adjusted. When the moving frame 1 moves from directly above one cotton tree to directly above the next cotton tree, the rotating shaft 26 rotates 90°, and the next set of lifting and topping assemblies 13 performs topping.

[0026] The positioning mechanism 27 includes a positioning plate 28 and a positioning groove 29. A sliding slot 30 (a convex groove) is installed at the bottom of each lifting and topping assembly 13 by bolt fastening. The positioning plate 28 is locked in the sliding slot 30 and moves within the sliding slot 30. The positioning plate 28 slides left and right within the sliding slot 30. A V-shaped positioning groove 29 is opened on the inner side of each positioning plate 28. The two positioning plates 28 are staggered vertically. The top of the cotton tree is positioned by the overlap of the two sets of positioning grooves 29. The two sets of positioning grooves 29 only overlap partially and will not crush the top of the cotton tree. The positioning is achieved by the opposite movement of the positioning plates 28, so that the top bud is located directly below the lifting and topping assembly 13. After positioning is completed, the positioning plate 28 moves outward to make room.

[0027] A bud detection mechanism is provided inside each set of lifting and removing bud components 13. When the bud detection mechanism descends and contacts the bud tip, the bud detection mechanism is triggered, and the lifting and removing bud component 13 removes the bud tip.

[0028] Each rotating frame 4 is a circular rotating disk 5. The radius adjustment component 6 includes a slide groove 7, a slider 8, and a mounting base 9. Each rotating disk 5 has four slide grooves 7 distributed from the center outwards, arranged in a circular array. A slider 8 is fitted into each slide groove 7, allowing it to slide within the groove. Each slider 8 has an outwardly extending column fixed to it by welding. The mounting base 9 is installed on the multiple columns of each slider 8 by welding. A lifting and lifting assembly 13 is installed on the mounting base 9. A horizontally arranged connecting rod 10 is inserted into each slide groove 7, extending into the slide groove 7 of the multiple rotating disks 5 and passing through the slide groove. The slider 8 inside 7 is slidably connected (that is, a through hole is opened on the slider 8 for the connecting rod 10 to pass through, and the slider 8 can move on the connecting rod 10, which facilitates the adjustment of the position of the rotating disk 5). An adjusting rod 11 is hinged to both ends of each connecting rod 10. An adjusting ring 12 is fitted on the rotating shaft 26. The adjusting rod 11 is hinged to the outer wall of the adjusting ring 12. A locking bolt is installed on the adjusting ring 12. The locking bolt abuts against the rotating shaft 26. The locking bolt passes through the adjusting ring 12 and abuts against the rotating shaft 26. The locking bolt and the adjusting ring 12 are threaded together. The adjusting ring 12 is locked by the locking bolt. In this way, the distance between the connecting rod 10 and the rotating shaft 26 can be adjusted by moving the adjusting ring 12. After the adjustment is completed, it is locked by the locking bolt.

[0029] The lifting and unlifting assembly 13 includes a lifting assembly 14, a closing assembly 18, and an unlifting blade 23. The lifting assembly 14 includes lifting guide rods 15, guide rings 16, and lifting cylinders 17. Two lifting guide rods 15 are welded to each mounting base 9, arranged horizontally opposite each other. Sliding slots 30 are fixed to the bottom of the lifting guide rods 15 by welding. A lifting cylinder 17 is welded to the mounting base 9 between the two lifting guide rods 15. A lifting guide ring 23 is fitted onto each lifting guide rod 15. The guide ring 16 on the lifting guide rod 15 is pulled towards the mounting base 9 by a spring fitted on the lifting guide rod 15. A closing assembly 18 is installed between the two guide rings 16. The closing assembly 18 includes a rectangular sliding rod 19, sliding rings 20 and a small motor 21. The two ends of the rectangular sliding rod 19 are welded to the outer wall of the guide ring 16. Two sliding rings 20 are fitted on the rectangular sliding rod 19 and slide on it. The piston rod of the top-loading cylinder 17 is installed at the end of the cylinder by welding. A small motor 21 is included. The output shaft of the small motor 21 is mounted on the top of a rectangular sliding rod 19 via bearings. A pull rope 22 is attached to the output shaft of the small motor 21 via a rope tie, with one end of the pull rope 22 tied to a sliding ring 20. Springs are fitted on both ends of the rectangular sliding rod 19, which move the sliding ring 20 towards both ends of the sliding rod. There are two top-removing blades 23, which together form a four-sided pyramid. The contact surfaces of the two top-removing blades 23 are cutting edges, allowing for direct top removal during the removal process. To avoid damaging the pages around the apical bud; during operation, the mounting base 9 rotates to be directly below the rotating disk 5, the apical cylinder 17 rises downward and presses the rectangular sliding rod 19 down, so that the guide ring 16 descends. When the apical bud is between the apical blades 23, the small motor 21 starts working, and the pull rope 22 is wound around the output shaft of the small motor 21, so that the sliding rings 20 move closer together to make the apical blades 23 close and complete the apical removal. Then the apical blades 23 separate, the apical cylinder 17 retracts, and then the stepper motor drives the rotating shaft 26 to start rotating.

[0030] A gear 33 is installed above each positioning plate 28. A rotating rod 34 is fixed to both sides of the gear 33 by welding. The rotating rod 34 is coaxial with the central axis of the gear 33. Both ends of the rotating rod 34 extend into the swing sleeve 35. The side of the swing sleeve 35 is fixed to the lifting guide rod 15 by welding, so that the rotating rod 34 can rotate. A horizontally arranged rack 36 is fixed above the positioning plate 28 by welding. The rack 36 meshes with the gear 33. A cable 38 is wound around the rotating rod 34, and the other end of the cable 38 is tied to the guide ring 16. When the guide ring 16 descends, the rotating rod 34 can rewind the cable 38. The positioning plate 28 moves inward under the action of the serpentine spring 37 for positioning. After the top is finished, the top cylinder 17 rises, so the guide ring 16 rises. The guide ring 16 pulls the rotating rod 34 to rotate through the cable 38, so that the positioning plate 28 moves outward to make way.

[0031] A translational track 39 is provided at the bottom of the movable frame 1. The top of the translational track 39 is welded to the bottom of the movable frame 1. A translation block 40 that moves on the translational track 39 is clamped on the translational track 39. The bottom of the translation block 40 is fastened to the linkage frame 25 by bolts. A tension spring 41 is installed between the translational slider 8 and the movable frame 1 (the two ends of the tension spring 41 are respectively fixed to the front end of the translational slider 8 and the movable frame 1 by welding). The tension spring 41 pulls the translation block 40 forward. Position; Multiple cutting rods 42 are installed at the tail of the mobile frame 1. The piston rod of the cutting cylinder 43 is installed at the top of the cutting rod 42. The cylinder body of the cutting cylinder 43 is connected to the bottom of the linkage frame 25 by bolt fastening. A reinforcing rib is installed between the outer wall of the cutting cylinder 43 and the linkage frame 25 by bolt fastening. In this way, when topping, the top bud and the topping knife 23 are vertically opposite each other. After topping is completed, the cutting cylinder 43 rises, and the linkage frame 25 moves forward and resets under the action of the tension spring 41 to topping the next plant.

[0032] Four proximity switch triggering components 44 are installed on the rotating disks 5 on both sides by bolts. The triggering components 44 of the proximity switches 45 correspond to the positions of the lifting and unlifting assembly 13. Proximity switches 45 are fixed to the inner walls on both sides of the moving frame 1 by bolts (when the lifting and unlifting assembly 13 rotates to the lowest position, the triggering components 44 are opposite to the proximity switches 45, thus triggering the proximity switches 45). The rotation of the rotating disks 5 causes the proximity switches 45 to sequentially face the triggering components 44. When the proximity switches 45 are triggered, the triggering components 44 are triggered. When triggered, the top-lifting cylinder 17 and the insertion cylinder 43 lift and work, while the stepper motor stops working. After the top-lifting is completed, the top-lifting cylinder 17 and the insertion cylinder 43 retract, and the stepper motor continues to work. The proximity switch 45 and the triggering component 44 form a through-beam photoelectric proximity switch (BGS-2S10P photoelectric switch through-beam proximity switch). A controller (the controller is a microcontroller) is fixed on the moving frame 1 by bolts. The multiple top-lifting cylinders 17 on each rotating disk 5 are connected to air valves through pipes, and are welded to the rotating shaft 26. A ring is fixed in place, with an internal cavity. An air valve is connected to the internal cavity of the ring via a pipe. A hollow shaft 26 is connected to the hollow cavity of the ring. A rotary joint connected to the hollow shaft 26 is installed at the end of the shaft 26 furthest from the motor. A small air compressor is connected to the other end of the rotary joint. One end of the rotary joint is welded to the left end face of the shaft, and the other end is threadedly connected to the outlet pipe of the small air compressor. This provides air to the top-loading cylinder 17. The proximity switch 45 and the controller... The controller is connected to the top-mounting cylinder 17 and the inserting cylinder 43. The inserting cylinder 43 is connected to a small air compressor through a pipe. An air valve is installed on the pipe between the inserting cylinder 43 and the small air compressor. All of the above air valves are solenoid valves. The solenoid valves and the controller communicate with each other via a Bluetooth module. When the proximity switch 45 is triggered, the bottom top-mounting cylinder 17 is lifted and put into operation. The inserting cylinder 43 lifts the inserting cylinder and inserts it into the ground. The controller's air valve controls the top-mounting cylinder 17 on each rotating plate to work in sequence.

[0033] The bud detection mechanism is installed below the rectangular sliding rod 19. The bud detection mechanism is an ultrasonic ranging sensor 32 (JD-WQX2 ultrasonic sensor). The ultrasonic ranging sensor 32 is connected to a Bluetooth module via a wire. The Bluetooth module enables the ultrasonic ranging sensor 32 to upload signals to the controller. The Bluetooth module is connected to a small motor 21. The controller drives the small motor 21 to rotate forward and backward via the Bluetooth module. The ultrasonic ranging sensor 32, the small motor 21 and the controller can wirelessly transmit signals via the Bluetooth module. When the bottom of the ultrasonic ranging sensor 32 contacts the bud, the bud-removing cylinder 17 stops working, the small motor 21 works to remove the bud, the small motor reverses, the bud-removing knife is released, the bud-removing cylinder 17 retracts, and at the same time the insertion cylinder 43 retracts and leaves the ground, and the moving frame moves forward.

Claims

1. A full-automatic topping mechanism for cotton, comprising a moving frame, a topping mechanism, a positioning mechanism and a bud detection mechanism, wherein rollers are installed below both sides of the moving frame, a plurality of groups of the topping mechanism are installed below the moving frame in parallel, the topping mechanism is in sliding fit with the moving frame, an adjusting assembly is arranged between adjacent topping mechanisms to adjust the distance between the adjacent topping mechanisms, a plurality of groups of the positioning mechanism are installed on the moving frame, each group of the positioning mechanism corresponds to the topping mechanism, the bud detection mechanism is installed on the positioning mechanism to detect the height of the bud; the topping mechanism comprises a rotating frame, a linkage frame, a radius adjusting assembly, a lifting and topping assembly and a driving assembly, wherein the rotating frame is in multiple groups and the multiple groups of the rotating frame are arranged in parallel, the linkage frame is installed on the moving frame and is in sliding fit with the moving frame, the linkage frame is installed with a rotating shaft through a bearing, the rotating shaft penetrates through the multiple rotating frames and is in sliding fit with the rotating frames, the rotating shaft is a multi-rib rod, and the linkage frame moves backward when topping; a plurality of the lifting and topping assemblies are arranged on the circumferential outer wall of each rotating frame, the radius adjusting assembly is installed between each lifting and topping assembly and the rotating frame, the driving assembly is installed on one end of the rotating shaft to rotate the rotating shaft, and the driving assembly is a stepping motor to realize uniform rotation of the rotating shaft; the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning plate and a positioning groove, a sliding clamping groove is installed at the bottom of each lifting and topping assembly, the positioning plate is clamped in the sliding clamping groove and moves in the sliding clamping groove, a V-shaped positioning groove is opened on the inner side of each positioning plate, and the two positioning plates are arranged in an up-down staggered manner to position the bud by moving the positioning plates towards each other, so that the bud is located directly below the lifting and topping assembly; 2. The full-automatic topping mechanism for cotton as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bud detection mechanism is arranged on the inner side of each group of the lifting and topping assembly, the bud detection mechanism is triggered when it is lowered and contacts the bud, and the lifting and topping assembly removes the bud. the rotating frame is a circular rotating disc, the radius adjusting assembly comprises a sliding groove, a sliding block and a mounting seat, a plurality of sliding grooves are opened on each rotating disc and are dispersed from the center to the periphery, the sliding grooves on each rotating disc are arranged in a ring array, a sliding block that can slide in the sliding groove is installed in each sliding groove, a mounting seat is installed on each sliding block, the lifting and topping assembly is installed on the mounting seat, a connecting rod is inserted into each sliding groove, the connecting rod extends into the sliding groove of the rotating disc and is in sliding connection with the sliding block in the sliding groove, an adjusting rod is hinged at both ends of each connecting rod, an adjusting ring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, the adjusting rod is hinged on the adjusting ring, and a locking bolt is installed on the adjusting ring and abuts against the rotating shaft.

3. The full-automatic topping mechanism for cotton as claimed in claim 2, wherein The lifting and topping assembly comprises a lifting assembly, a folding assembly and a topping knife, wherein the lifting assembly comprises lifting guide rods, guide rings and a topping cylinder, two opposite lifting guide rods are installed on each mounting seat, the topping cylinder is installed between the two lifting guide rods, a guide ring that ascends and descends along the lifting guide rod is sleeved on each lifting guide rod, and a spring that pulls the guide ring towards the mounting seat is sleeved on the lifting guide rod; the folding assembly is installed between the two guide rings, the folding assembly comprises a rectangular sliding rod, sliding rings and a small motor, both ends of the rectangular sliding rod are installed on the outer walls of the two guide rings, two sliding rings are sleeved on the rectangular sliding rod, the small motor is installed at the end of the piston rod of the topping cylinder, the output shaft of the small motor is installed on the top of the rectangular sliding rod, a pull rope is installed on the output shaft of the small motor in a rope tying manner, the other end of the pull rope is connected with the sliding ring, springs are sleeved on both ends of the rectangular sliding rod, and the sliding rings are moved towards both ends of the sliding rod through the springs; the topping knife is in the form of two, the two topping knives are folded to form a square pyramid, and the contact surface of the two topping knives is the blade surface.

4. The full-automatic topping mechanism for cotton as claimed in claim 3, wherein A gear is arranged above each positioning plate, rotating rods are fixed on both sides of the gear in a welding manner, the rotating rods are coaxial with the central shaft of the gear, the ends of the rotating rods extend into the swing sleeve, the side surface of the swing sleeve is fixed on the lifting guide rod, a transversely arranged rack is installed on the positioning plate and meshes with the gear above the positioning plate, a snake spring is arranged between the side surface of the positioning plate and the sliding clamping groove, a cable is wound on the rotating rod, and the top of the cable is installed on the guide ring.

5. The full-automatic topping mechanism for cotton as claimed in claim 4, wherein A translation rail is arranged at the bottom of the moving frame, the top of the translation rail is installed on the bottom of the moving frame in a welding manner, a translation block that moves on the translation rail is clamped on the translation rail, the bottom of the translation block is installed on the linkage frame, a tension spring is installed between the translation block and the moving frame, and the translation block is pulled forward and reset through the tension spring; a plurality of cutting sticks are installed at the tail of the moving frame, a cutting cylinder is installed at the top of each cutting stick, and the cylinder body of the cutting cylinder is connected with the linkage frame through a connecting plate.

6. The full-automatic topping mechanism for cotton as claimed in claim 5, wherein A plurality of proximity switch triggering assemblies are installed on the rotating discs at both sides, the proximity switch triggering assemblies correspond to the positions of the lifting and topping assembly, proximity switches are installed on the inner walls of the moving frame at both sides, the proximity switches are sequentially opposite to the triggering assemblies in sequence through the rotation of the rotating disc, when the proximity switch triggers, the topping cylinder and the cutting cylinder work to lift, and after the topping is completed, the topping cylinder and the cutting cylinder retract.

7. The full-automatic topping mechanism for cotton as claimed in claim 6, wherein A bud detection mechanism is installed below the rectangular sliding rod, the bud detection mechanism is an ultrasonic distance sensor, when the bottom of the ultrasonic distance sensor contacts the bud, the small motor works to remove the bud.

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