A method for transplanting seedlings of ridge-planted crops

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for transplanting seedlings of ridge-planted crops, the method comprising: constructing a half-ridge by a ridge-forming device; placing the seedlings on the top of the ridge, and making the head and tail of the seedlings face perpendicular to the extension direction of the half-ridge; throwing soil from the bottom of the ridge to the top of the ridge by a soil throwing mechanism to cover the roots of the seedlings; and compacting and shaping the soil newly covered on the top of the ridge by a compacting component to form a whole ridge. In the transplanting method of the present invention, the ridge-building process is divided into two steps, that is, first forming a half-ridge and then forming a whole ridge, and placing the seedlings on the top of the ridge when forming the half-ridge. Since the head and tail of the seedlings face perpendicular to the extension direction of the half-ridge, the subsequent soil taken from the side of the ridge and thrown to the top of the ridge can only cover the root position of the seedling and expose the head of the seedling, which can greatly reduce the difficulty of covering the roots of the seedlings with soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rice seedling transplanting, in particular to a rice seedling transplanting method for ridge-planted crops. Background Art

[0002] The process of planting crops in ridges is relatively complicated. For example, the sweet potato planting mechanism shown in patent CN212753125U includes a rotary tillage roller, a ridge-forming mechanism, a potato seedling delivery assembly, a soil covering assembly, and a suppression assembly from front to back, and sequentially performs all the processes in the sweet potato planting process, including rotary tillage, soil crushing, ridge-forming, furrowing, sweet potato seedling transplanting, soil covering, and suppression. This machine has the following disadvantages:

[0003] (1) Due to the V-shaped double-wheel soil covering scheme, the two soil covering wheels pass through both sides of the groove. Therefore, the head of the seedling cannot rely on the side of the groove, and the seedling can only follow the groove. Therefore, it is necessary to raise the head of the soft seedling and cover the root with soil, which is difficult and cannot prevent the soft seedling from being covered as a whole;

[0004] (2) There are many operating links, resulting in many machine parts, which are scattered. The overall length of the machine is very long and the volume is large, with low flexibility and difficulty in transportation. Summary of the invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for transplanting seedlings of ridge-planted crops, which can reduce the difficulty of transplanting seedlings.

[0006] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the method for transplanting seedlings of ridge-planted crops of the present invention comprises:

[0007] Constructing half ridges by means of a ridging device;

[0008] Placing the seedlings on the top of the ridge, with the head and tail of the seedlings facing perpendicular to the extension direction of the half ridge;

[0009] Throwing soil from the bottom of the ridge to the top of the ridge by means of a soil throwing mechanism to cover the roots of the seedlings;

[0010] The soil newly covered on the top of the ridge is compacted and shaped by a compacting component to form a whole ridge.

[0011] Furthermore, the top of the half ridge is at least partially an inclined surface; and the entire ridge is a trapezoidal structure as a whole.

[0012] Furthermore, the top of the half-ridge is an inclined surface as a whole; and the seedlings are placed on the inclined surface.

[0013] Furthermore, the top of the semi-ridge includes at least two surfaces, one of which is a main sloped surface for the middle and lower sides of the seedlings to lean against, and at least the lower side of the high and low sides of the main sloped surface has a secondary surface with a smaller inclination than the main sloped surface, wherein the inclination is based on the horizontal plane.

[0014] Preferably, the first sub-surface and the second sub-surface are formed on the high and low sides of the inclined portion, respectively; the second sub-surface can be a horizontal plane, or a plane with the same inclination direction as the main inclined portion and a smaller inclination, or a plane with an inclination direction opposite to the inclination direction of the main inclined portion, preferably the latter two, so that the root of the seedling can be stably against the bottom of the main inclined portion to maintain the stability of the posture. The first sub-surface can be a horizontal plane or a plane with the same inclination direction as the main inclined portion and a smaller inclination. With the above structure, on the one hand, the root of the seedling can be abutted, and the head can be rested on the first sub-surface, which not only keeps the posture of the seedling stable, but also prevents the head of the seedling from being covered when the roots are covered with soil later; on the other hand, the second sub-surface is set below the main inclined portion, which can ensure that the soil newly covered on the half-ridge will not easily slip relative to the half-ridge after the soil is compacted, thereby maintaining the reliability of the ridge body.

[0015] Furthermore, the compacting component can compact and shape the ridge side on the same side as the root of the seedling, and can also compact and level the soil thrown onto the ridge side when throwing the soil, so as to maintain the overall reliability of the ridge.

[0016] Furthermore, the ridging width and height of the ridging device can be adjusted.

[0017] Furthermore, the rice seedlings are independent naked seedlings.

[0018] Furthermore, a plurality of seedlings are connected in series by degradable strips to form a seedling belt, and the seedling belt is laid as a whole on the top of the half-ridge.

[0019] Furthermore, the ridge forming device includes a vertical base plate, two left and right side extrusion parts and an upper extrusion part, each of the side extrusion parts can adjust its position laterally relative to the base plate; the upper extrusion part can adjust its position up and down relative to the base plate, and movable plates are installed on the left and right sides of the upper extrusion part, and the ends of the movable plates can be fixed relative to the side extrusion part on the corresponding side.

[0020] Specifically, the side extrusion part includes a fixing part connected to the base plate and an inclined side extrusion plate, the fixing part has a strip hole, and the screw passing through the strip hole can fix the fixing part relative to the base plate. A straight groove is formed on the side extrusion plate; the upper extrusion part has a vertical plate part and a horizontal plate part, the left and right ends of the vertical plate part are embedded in the straight groove of the side extrusion part of the corresponding side, and can move along the straight groove; two movable plates are installed at the two ends of the horizontal plate part, and the horizontal plate part is also provided with a strip hole for screws to pass through; the end of the horizontal plate part is rotatably connected to a positioning plate through a first hinge, the positioning plate can be connected to the side extrusion plate by screws, and the side extrusion plate has a strip hole for screws to pass through. With the above structure, the width, height and top inclination angle of the half ridge can be adjusted, and the gap between the two ends of the horizontal plate part and the side extrusion plate can be compensated by adjusting the position of the movable plate after the upper extrusion part adjusts its position, so as to ensure that the ridge top can be properly handled. The groove wall of the straight groove can effectively limit the front and rear positions of the vertical plate part, and the positioning plate can effectively fix the movable plate and the upper extrusion part. Through the above measures, the overall stability of the ridge forming device can be maintained.

[0021] Furthermore, the soil throwing mechanism includes a soil throwing wheel arranged on the ridge side of the half-ridge and a guide plate extending from the ridge side to the middle of the half-ridge.

[0022] In one solution, the throwing wheel is located on the side of the ridge pointed to by the root of the seedling, the guide plate is placed on the top of the throwing wheel, and the end of the guide plate away from the throwing wheel has a lateral baffle, and the rear side of the throwing wheel has a rear baffle. The throwing knife of the throwing wheel moves backward after passing the lowest point. Among the soil thrown up by the throwing knife, part of it hits the rear baffle and slides along the rear baffle, so that sufficient soil is accumulated on the rear side of the throwing wheel, and part of it slides along the guide plate and falls to the side or top of the ridge. The soil that has been moving along the guide plate slides after encountering the lateral baffle. In this way, the soil covers the part below the middle of the seedling and does not cover the head of the seedling. The compacting component is an L-shaped folding plate fixed to the rear side of the rear baffle, which can compact and shape the floating soil on the top of the ridge and the side of the ridge with the throwing wheel. The above-mentioned throwing mechanism and the compacting component are arranged closely and the structure is simple and compact, so that the machine is compact and conducive to the miniaturization of the machine.

[0023] In another scheme, the throwing wheel is located on the side of the ridge pointed to by the head of the seedling, the guide plate extends from the inner side of the throwing wheel to the top of the half ridge, and the guide plate covers the middle and upper side of the seedling, and the outer side of the throwing wheel is also provided with a guide cover, and the guide cover has an inclined plate located above the throwing wheel and a rear plate located behind the throwing wheel. With the above structure, the soil thrown by the throwing wheel is thrown to the middle and lower part of the seedling through the outer wall of the guide plate, the inclined plate of the guide cover can limit the throwing height of the throwing wheel, and the rear plate can block a part of the soil so that there is enough soil to be thrown at the rear side of the throwing wheel.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The method for transplanting seedlings of ridge-planted crops of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) The ridge-building process is divided into two steps, namely, forming a half-ridge first and then forming a full ridge, and placing the seedlings on the top of the ridge when forming the half-ridge. Since the head and tail of the seedlings are perpendicular to the extension direction of the half-ridge, the subsequent soil taken from the side of the ridge and thrown to the top of the ridge can only cover the root position of the seedlings and expose the head of the seedling, which can greatly reduce the difficulty of covering the roots of the seedlings with soil.

[0026] (2) Compared with the traditional method of directly building a whole ridge and then digging a trench, planting seedlings, covering the trench with soil, and compacting it, there are fewer steps and no trenching operation is required. In addition, in the traditional method, when covering the trench with soil, the soil-covering wheel passes through both sides of the trench. For softer seedlings, their heads cannot rely on the sides of the trench, and the seedlings as a whole can only follow the trench. Therefore, it is necessary to raise the heads of the soft seedlings and cover the roots with soil, which is difficult and cannot prevent the soft seedlings from being covered as a whole. The method of the present application avoids this problem. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the steps of a method for transplanting rice seedlings of ridge-planted crops;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of a half ridge of the first embodiment;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a state diagram of placing the rice seedlings on the top of a half ridge in the first embodiment;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a state diagram of the first embodiment after transplantation is completed;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a state diagram of the second embodiment after transplantation is completed;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of a ridging device according to a second embodiment;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the soil throwing mechanism and the compacting component of the second embodiment;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the soil throwing mechanism of the third embodiment;

[0035] Fig. 9 This is a state diagram of the fourth embodiment after transplanting is completed.

[0036] In the figure: 1-ridge forming device; 11-base plate; 12-side extrusion part; 12a-fixing part; 12b-side extrusion plate; 12c-straight groove; 13-upper extrusion part; 13a-vertical plate part; 13b-horizontal plate part; 14-movable plate; 15-positioning plate; 2-soil throwing mechanism; 21-soil throwing wheel; 22-guide plate; 23-lateral baffle plate; 24-rear baffle plate; 25-guide cover; 25a-inclined plate; 25b-rear plate; 3-compacting component; a-main inclined surface; b-first auxiliary surface; c-second auxiliary surface; 4-dispensing device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] This embodiment provides a method for transplanting rice seedlings of ridge-planted crops, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps S101-S104:

[0040] Step S101, a half ridge is constructed by the ridging device 1; the structure of the half ridge is as follows: Figure 2 As shown;

[0041] Step S102, placing the seedlings on the top of the ridge, and making the head and tail of the seedlings face perpendicular to the extension direction of the half ridge, such as Figure 3 As shown;

[0042] Step S103, throwing soil from the ridge bottom to the ridge top by the soil throwing mechanism 2 to cover the roots of the seedlings;

[0043] Step S104, compacting and shaping the soil newly covered on the ridge top by the compacting component 3 to form a ridge. Figure 4 As shown, the whole ridge is a trapezoidal structure. The compacting component 3 can compact and shape the ridge side on the same side as the root of the seedling, and can also compact and level the soil thrown to the ridge side when throwing soil, so as to maintain the overall reliability of the ridge.

[0044] In the above transplanting method, the ridge-building process is divided into two steps, namely, first forming a half ridge and then forming a full ridge, and the seedlings are placed on the top of the ridge when the half ridge is formed. Since the head and tail of the seedlings are perpendicular to the extension direction of the half ridge, the subsequent soil taken from the side of the ridge and thrown to the top of the ridge can only cover the root position of the seedlings and expose the head of the seedling, which can greatly reduce the difficulty of covering the roots of the seedlings with soil.

[0045] Compared with the traditional method of directly building a whole ridge and then digging a trench, planting seedlings, covering the trench with soil, and compacting the soil, the above method has fewer steps and does not require trenching operations. In addition, in the traditional method, when covering the trench with soil, the soil-covering wheel passes through both sides of the trench. For softer seedlings, their heads cannot rely on the sides of the trench, and the seedlings as a whole can only follow the trench. Therefore, it is necessary to raise the heads of the soft seedlings and cover the roots with soil, which is difficult and cannot prevent the soft seedlings from being covered as a whole. The method of the present application avoids this problem.

[0046] In this embodiment, the top of the half ridge is a plane.

[0047] The rice seedlings may be independent bare rice seedlings. Alternatively, a plurality of rice seedlings are connected in series by degradable strips to form a rice seedling belt, and the rice seedling belt is laid on the top of the half-ridge as a whole.

[0048] Embodiment 2

[0049] In this embodiment, the method for transplanting seedlings of ridge-planted crops is the same as that in the first embodiment, except that: Figure 5 As shown, the top of the half ridge is an inclined surface as a whole; the seedlings are placed on the inclined surface.

[0050] Correspondingly, such as Figure 6 As shown, the ridging device 1 includes a vertical base plate 11, two left and right side extrusion parts 12 and an upper extrusion part 13, each of the side extrusion parts 12 can adjust its position laterally relative to the base plate 11; the upper extrusion part 13 can adjust its position up and down relative to the base plate 11, and movable plates 14 are installed on the left and right sides of the upper extrusion part 13, and the ends of the movable plates 14 can be fixed relative to the side extrusion part 12 on the corresponding side.

[0051] Specifically, the side extrusion part 12 comprises a fixing part 12a connected to the base plate 11 and an inclined side extrusion plate 12b, wherein the fixing part 12a has a strip hole, and a screw passing through the strip hole can fix the fixing part 12a relative to the base plate 11. A straight groove 12c is formed on the side extrusion plate 12b; the upper extrusion part 13 comprises a vertical plate part 13a and a horizontal plate part 13b, and the left and right ends of the vertical plate part 13a are embedded in the straight groove 12c of the side extrusion part 12 on the corresponding side and can move along the straight groove 12c; two movable plates 14 are installed at the two ends of the horizontal plate part 13b, and the horizontal plate part 13b is also provided with a strip hole for screws to pass through; the end of the horizontal plate part is rotatably connected to a positioning plate 15 through a first hinge, and the positioning plate 15 can be connected to the side extrusion plate 12b by screws, and the side extrusion plate 12b has a strip hole for screws to pass through. By adopting the above structure, the width, height and top inclination angle of the half ridge can be adjusted. By adjusting the position of the movable plate 14, the gap between the two ends of the horizontal plate portion 13b and the side extrusion plate 12b can be made up after the upper extrusion portion 13 is adjusted, so as to ensure that the ridge top can be properly handled. The groove wall of the straight groove 12c can effectively limit the front and rear position of the vertical plate portion 13a, and the positioning plate 15 can effectively fix the movable plate 14 and the upper extrusion portion 13. Through the above measures, the overall stability of the ridging device 1 can be maintained.

[0052] like Figure 7 As shown, the soil throwing mechanism 2 includes a soil throwing wheel 21 disposed on the ridge side of the half-ridge and a guide plate 22 extending from the ridge side to the middle of the half-ridge.

[0053] The throwing wheel 21 is located at the side of the ridge pointed to by the root of the seedling, and the guide plate 22 is placed on the top of the throwing wheel 21, and the end of the guide plate 22 away from the throwing wheel 21 has a lateral baffle 23, and the rear side of the throwing wheel 21 has a rear baffle 24. The throwing knife of the throwing wheel 21 moves backward after passing the lowest point, and a part of the soil thrown up by the throwing knife hits the rear baffle 24 and slides along the rear baffle 24, so that sufficient soil is accumulated on the rear side of the throwing wheel 21, which can replenish soil for the throwing knife, increase the soil taking angle range of the throwing knife, and enable more soil to be thrown up. The thrown soil slides along the guide plate 22 and falls to the side of the ridge or the top of the ridge, and the soil that has been moving along the guide plate 22 slides after encountering the lateral baffle 23, so that the soil covers the part below the middle of the seedling, and does not cover the head of the seedling. The compacting component 3 is an L-shaped folded plate fixed to the rear side of the rear baffle 24, which can compact and shape the loose soil on the ridge top and the ridge side of the throwing wheel 21. The throwing mechanism 2 and the compacting component 3 are arranged closely and have a simple and compact structure, making the machine small and conducive to the miniaturization of the machine.

[0054] The ridging device 1, the soil throwing mechanism 2 and the compacting component 3 are integrated into the same machine, and a placing device 4 for placing the seedlings is provided between the ridging device 1 and the soil throwing mechanism 2.

[0055] Embodiment 3

[0056] In this embodiment, Figure 8 As shown, different from the soil throwing mechanism 2 in the second embodiment, the soil throwing wheel 21 is located at the side of the ridge pointed to by the head of the seedling, the guide plate 22 extends from the inner side of the soil throwing wheel 21 to the top of the half ridge, and the guide plate 22 covers the middle and upper side of the seedling, and the outer side of the soil throwing wheel 21 is also provided with a guide cover 25, and the guide cover 25 has an inclined plate 25a located above the soil throwing wheel 21 and a rear plate 25b located at the rear side of the soil throwing wheel 21. With the above structure, the soil thrown by the soil throwing wheel 21 is thrown to the middle and lower part of the seedling through the outer wall of the guide plate 22, the inclined plate 25a of the guide cover 25 can limit the soil throwing height of the soil throwing wheel 21, and the rear plate 25b can block a part of the soil so that there is enough soil at the rear side of the soil throwing wheel 21 for throwing.

[0057] Embodiment 4

[0058] In this embodiment, the method for transplanting seedlings of ridge-planted crops is the same as that in Embodiment 1, with the difference that: the top of the half ridge includes at least two surfaces, one of which is a main slope portion a for the middle and lower sides of the seedlings to lean against, and at least the lower side of the high and low sides of the main slope portion a has a secondary surface with a smaller inclination than the main slope portion a, wherein the inclination is referenced to the horizontal plane.

[0059] Preferably, if Fig. 9 As shown, the first auxiliary surface b and the second auxiliary surface c are formed on the high and low sides of the inclined surface a respectively; the second auxiliary surface c can be a horizontal plane, or a slope with the same inclination direction as the main inclined surface a and a smaller inclination, or a slope with an inclination direction opposite to the inclination direction of the main inclined surface a, preferably the latter two, so that the root of the seedling can be stably against the bottom of the main inclined surface a to maintain the stability of the posture. It can be a horizontal plane or a slope with the same inclination direction as the main inclined surface a and a smaller inclination. With the above structure, on the one hand, the root of the seedling can be abutted, and the head can be pillowed on the first auxiliary surface b, which not only keeps the posture of the seedling stable, but also prevents the seedling head from being covered when the root is covered with soil later; on the other hand, the second auxiliary surface c is set below the main inclined surface a, which can ensure that the soil newly covered on the half ridge is not easy to slide relative to the half ridge after the soil is compacted, so as to maintain the reliability of the ridge body.

[0060] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for transplanting rice seedlings of ridge-planted crops, characterized in that: The method comprises: Constructing half ridges by means of a ridging device; Placing the seedlings on the top of the ridge, with the head and tail of the seedlings facing perpendicular to the extension direction of the half ridge; Throwing soil from the bottom of the ridge to the top of the ridge by means of a soil throwing mechanism to cover the roots of the seedlings; The soil newly covered on the top of the ridge is compacted and shaped by a compacting component to form a ridge; The top of the half ridge includes at least two surfaces, one of which is a main sloped surface for the middle and lower sides of the seedlings to lean against, and at least the lower side of the main sloped surface has a secondary surface with a smaller inclination than the main sloped surface; the whole ridge is a trapezoidal structure as a whole; The soil throwing mechanism comprises a soil throwing wheel disposed on the ridge side of the half-ridge and a guide plate extending from the ridge side to the middle of the half-ridge; When the throwing wheel is located at the side of the ridge pointed by the root of the seedling, the guide plate is placed on the top of the throwing wheel, and the end of the guide plate away from the throwing wheel is provided with a lateral baffle, and the rear side of the throwing wheel is provided with a rear baffle; the compacting component is an L-shaped folding plate fixed to the rear side of the rear baffle; the throwing knife of the throwing wheel moves backward after passing the lowest point, and part of the soil thrown up by the throwing knife hits the rear baffle and slides down along the rear baffle, so that sufficient soil is accumulated behind the throwing wheel; the thrown soil slides along the guide plate and falls to the side or top of the ridge, and the soil that keeps moving along the guide plate slides down after encountering the lateral baffle; When the soil-throwing wheel is located on the ridge side pointed by the seedling head, the guide plate extends from the inner side of the soil-throwing wheel to the top of the half-ridge, and the guide plate covers the middle and upper side of the seedling. The outer side of the soil-throwing wheel is also provided with a guide cover, which has an inclined plate located above the soil-throwing wheel and a rear plate located behind the soil-throwing wheel; the soil thrown by the soil-throwing wheel is thrown to the middle and lower part of the seedling through the outer wall of the guide plate.

2. The method for transplanting rice seedlings of ridge-planted crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compacting component can compact and shape the ridge side on the same side as the root of the seedling.

3. The method for transplanting rice seedlings of ridge-planted crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ridging width and height of the ridging device can be adjusted.

4. The method for transplanting rice seedlings of ridge-planted crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rice seedlings are independent naked seedlings.

5. The method for transplanting rice seedlings of ridge-planted crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of seedlings are connected in series by degradable strips to form a seedling belt, and the seedling belt is laid as a whole on the top of the half-ridge.

6. The method for transplanting seedlings of ridge-planted crops according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ridge forming device includes a vertical base plate, two left and right side extrusion parts and an upper extrusion part, each of the side extrusion parts can adjust its position laterally relative to the base plate; the upper extrusion part can adjust its position up and down relative to the base plate, and movable plates are installed on the left and right sides of the upper extrusion part, and the ends of the movable plates can be fixed relative to the side extrusion parts on the corresponding sides.

Images