A mass rearing method of the small hive beetle

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of forestry protection and detection, and particularly relates to a large-scale propagation method of pinus koraiensis shoot bactra pestis parasitoid, which comprises the following steps: searching for pinus koraiensis shoot bactra pestis pupae based on a drone to generate a pinus koraiensis shoot bactra pestis pupae collection map; collecting pinus koraiensis shoot bactra pestis pupae based on the pinus koraiensis shoot bactra pestis pupae collection map, spraying juvenile hormone on the collected pinus koraiensis shoot bactra pestis pupae, putting the pinus koraiensis shoot bactra pestis pupae into a glass tube, and culturing the pinus koraiensis shoot bactra pestis pupae to pupae medium bees, and then storing the pupae medium bees at low temperature after the pupae medium bees are hatched; immersing the host pupae in a 3-5% sodium bicarbonate solution, taking out the host pupae, cleaning the host pupae with distilled water, spraying a layer of glucose oxidase on the surface of the host pupae, and naturally drying the host pupae at room temperature; and propagating the host pupae by using a glass tube bee propagation method or an open bee propagation method. The application can realize rapid searching of pinus koraiensis shoot bactra pestis pupae, thereby simplifying the collection process of pinus koraiensis shoot bactra pestis pupae, and significantly increasing the number of pinus koraiensis shoot bactra pestis parasitoid obtained by propagation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical detection field of forestry protection, and particularly relates to a large-scale propagation method of the pine shoot borer parasitic wasp. BACKGROUND

[0002] Pinus koraiensis is one of the precious native tree species in the eastern mountainous areas of China, and its seeds have high economic value. In recent years, the pine cone borer pine shoot borer has caused very serious damage, and the cone damage rate of some fruiting forest stands in some areas reaches about 40%, and is increasing year by year, which seriously affects the yield and quality of the pine seeds.

[0003] The Korean pine forest belongs to an ecological system that has been seriously disturbed, and the ecological balance has been broken by human activities (logging, collection of pine seeds, cultivation of economic crops under the forest, application of various pesticides, etc.). While humans use pesticides to control pests, the pests also gradually develop resistance. However, the natural enemies of a large number of pests are killed in large quantities because the individuals are small and have low resistance, so the pests lack the control of natural enemies and are prone to massive outbreaks. Therefore, in order to restore ecological balance, reduce environmental hazards, and improve food safety, biological control methods have become the most ideal solution. In order to achieve the desired effect of biological control, it is necessary to provide enough natural enemies of pests to kill the pests. The biological distribution of the pine shoot borer parasitic wasp, which can be used to control the pine shoot borer, is less, and is mostly concentrated in coniferous forest areas. It is extremely difficult to collect because the coniferous trees are very tall. At the same time, the natural population of the pine shoot borer parasitic wasp is very low. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above problems, the application provides a large-scale propagation method of the pine shoot borer parasitic wasp.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:

[0006] A large-scale propagation method of the pine shoot borer parasitic wasp, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, searching for pine shoot borer pupae based on a drone to generate a pine shoot borer pupae collection map;

[0008] S2, collecting the pine shoot borer pupae based on the pine shoot borer pupae collection map, and placing the collected pine shoot borer pupae in a glass tube after spraying juvenile hormone;

[0009] S3, placing the glass tube containing the pine shoot borer pupae in an indoor or incubator with a temperature of 25-27 DEG C and light of 16L:8D for culture, identifying the bees after the pupae are hatched, and storing the bees at low temperature.

[0010] S4, the host pupae are put into a 3-5% sodium bicarbonate solution for 1-1.5 minutes, then taken out, washed with distilled water, and then a layer of glucose oxidase is sprayed on the surface and dried naturally at room temperature;

[0011] S5, the red pine shoot borer parasitoid wasps stored at low temperature are taken out, 2-30 red pine shoot borer parasitoid wasps are introduced into each host pupa, and then the host pupae with the introduced red pine shoot borer parasitoid wasps are placed in an incubator or a greenhouse for 12-14 days and then stored at 4-10℃.

[0012] Further, in the step S1, a pine shoot borer pupa recognition model is constructed based on a pine shoot borer pupa image set, the tree image is collected by the unmanned aerial vehicle, the tree image is recognized based on the pine shoot borer pupa recognition model, when the pine shoot borer pupa is recognized, the POS data of the current data image is automatically read, the approximate position coordinates of the pine shoot borer pupa are obtained, and finally the approximate position coordinates of the pine shoot borer pupa are filled into a preset three-dimensional forest map to obtain a red pine shoot borer pupa collection map.

[0013] Further, in the step S2, first, a corresponding pine shoot borer pupa collection route is generated according to the approximate position coordinates of each pine shoot borer pupa with the least total walking distance as the target, and then the user is guided to the target position to collect the red pine shoot borer pupa based on the pine shoot borer pupa collection route.

[0014] Further, in the step S2, the juvenile hormone is composed of juvenile hormone analog ZR512 and nanoscale corn starch solution, the amount of juvenile hormone analog ZR512 is 0.01 μg per red pine shoot borer pupa, and the concentration of nanoscale corn starch solution is 1.5-3%.

[0015] Further, in the step S4, the amount of glucose oxidase is 0.1-0.3 mg per host pupa.

[0016] Further, in the step S5, the host pupae after 36-48 hours of bee introduction are placed in an incubator or a greenhouse with a temperature of 25-28℃, light of 16L:8D, and humidity of 45-60% for 7-10 days, and then moved to a culture box with a temperature of 15℃, light of 12L:12D, and humidity of 45-60% for 3 days, and then moved again to a room or culture box with a temperature of 4℃ and dark for storage.

[0017] Further, the host pupae are one or more of fruit shoot borer, oak silkworm, corn borer, large wax moth, rice borer, or domestic silkworm.

[0018] Further, the access amount of the red pine shoot borer parasitic wasp is determined according to the volume of the host pupa.

[0019] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1) By the combination of unmanned aerial vehicle inspection and image processing technology, the red pine shoot borer pupa can be quickly found, and the collection process of the red pine shoot borer pupa is simplified, and the human workload is greatly reduced.

[0021] 2) Based on the use of juvenile hormone, the eclosion rate of the red pine shoot borer pupa can be significantly improved, and the use of glucose oxidase can significantly increase the number of red pine shoot borer parasitic wasps obtained by propagation and improve the quality of the obtained red pine shoot borer parasitic wasp population. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present application will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present application, but do not limit the present application in any form. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made. These all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] A large-scale propagation method of red pine shoot borer parasitic wasp, comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1, based on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the red pine shoot borer pupa is found, and the red pine shoot borer pupa collection map is generated; specifically, based on the red pine shoot borer pupa image set, the pine shoot borer pupa recognition model is constructed, the tree image is collected by the unmanned aerial vehicle, the tree image is recognized based on the pine shoot borer pupa recognition model, when the pine shoot borer pupa is recognized, the POS data of the current data image is automatically read, and then the approximate position coordinates of the pine shoot borer pupa are obtained, and finally the approximate position coordinates of the pine shoot borer pupa are filled into the preset three-dimensional forest map, that is, the red pine shoot borer pupa collection map is obtained. In this embodiment, first, the three-dimensional forest map is built based on the forest satellite map and the unmanned aerial vehicle inspection map, then the tree image collection coordinate set of each tree (i.e. the coordinate point set of the unmanned aerial vehicle for image collection) is obtained, and the unmanned aerial vehicle collects the tree image based on the tree image collection coordinate set of each tree; when the pine shoot borer pupa is recognized, the system automatically reads the POS data of the current data image, and then the corresponding tree image collection coordinates and the unmanned aerial vehicle collection angle are obtained, and then the approximate position coordinates of the pine shoot borer pupa are calculated.

[0026] S2, based on the said Korean pine shoot borer pupa collection map to realize the collection of Korean pine shoot borer pupa, after spraying juvenile hormone to the collected Korean pine shoot borer pupa, put it into the glass tube; specifically, first, according to the approximate position coordinates of each pine shoot borer pupa, generate the corresponding pine shoot borer pupa collection route with the minimum total walking distance as the target, then guide the user to reach the target position based on the pine shoot borer pupa collection route to complete the collection of Korean pine shoot borer pupa; wherein the juvenile hormone is composed of juvenile hormone analogue ZR512 and nano corn starch solution, the dosage of juvenile hormone analogue ZR512 is 0.01 μg per head of Korean pine shoot borer pupa, and the concentration of nano corn starch solution is 1.5%.

[0027] S3, put the glass tube containing the Korean pine shoot borer pupa into an indoor or incubator with a temperature of 26℃ and light of 16L:8D for culture, identify the bee species after the pupae are small bees, and store them at low temperature;

[0028] S4, after the host pupa is immersed in a 3% sodium bicarbonate solution for 1 min, it is fished out, washed with distilled water, and then a layer of glucose oxidase is sprayed on its surface, the dosage of glucose oxidase is 0.2 mg per head of host pupa, and it is naturally dried at room temperature;

[0029] S5, adopt the finger tube bee breeding method, take a finger tube with a diameter of 5 times the host pupa and a height of 10 times the diameter of the host pupa, put in the host pupa, use a brush to sweep the hatched small bees into the finger tube, determine the access amount of Korean pine shoot borer small bees according to the volume of the host pupa (generally, when the fruit shoot borer is used as the host pupa, the access amount is 4-6 heads, and the access amount of other host pupae is determined according to the volume ratio of the fruit shoot borer), 2-30 heads of Korean pine shoot borer small bees are accessed per tube, the tube is tightly plugged with a cotton ball, after 36 hours of bee access, the finger tube is put into a constant temperature box or greenhouse with a temperature of 26℃, light of 16L:8D and humidity of 50% for culture until the bees are out, then it is moved into a culture box with a temperature of 15℃, light of 12L:12D and humidity of 50% for culture for 3 days, and then it is moved into a room or culture box with a temperature of 4℃ and light of total darkness for storage.

[0030] In this embodiment, the host pupa is fruit shoot borer, the access amount of Korean pine shoot borer small bees is 5 heads per parasitic pupa, and the Korean pine shoot borer small bees are female bees hatched on the same day or 1-3 days after hatching, and the number is 1500.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] S5, evenly brush a layer of 10% starch paste with a width of 4 cm on the surface of A4 paper, then evenly adhere the host pupae to the surface, place them in a wooden box with a bottom of 100 mesh screen, then move the wooden box into a room with red light source, evenly sweep the small wasps in the finger-shaped tube into the box with a fine brush, cover the lid, and provide parasitization. The amount of red pine shoot borer parasitoid wasps introduced into each tube is determined according to the size of the host pupae (1000-1500 per box when fruit shoot borer is used as the host pupae, and the number of introduced wasps for other substitute hosts is determined according to the volume multiple of the fruit shoot borer volume). 1000-100000 red pine shoot borer parasitoid wasps are introduced into each tube, and after 36 hours of wasp introduction, they are placed in a constant temperature box with a temperature of 25-28°C, a light intensity of 16L:8D, and a humidity of 45%-60%, or in a greenhouse, cultured to emergence, then moved to a culture box with a temperature of 15°C, a light intensity of 12L:12D, and a humidity of 45%-60%, cultured for 3 days, then moved again to a room or culture box with a temperature of 4°C and complete darkness for preservation.

[0033] In this embodiment, corn borer is used as the host pupae, 1500 red pine shoot borer parasitoid wasps are introduced into each box, and the red pine shoot borer parasitoid wasps are female wasps that have emerged on the same day or 1-3 days after emergence.

[0034] The rest of the design is the same as in Example 1.

[0035] Comparative Example 1

[0036] S2, based on the red pine shoot borer pupa collection map, the red pine shoot borer pupae are collected, and the collected red pine shoot borer pupae are placed in a finger-shaped glass tube; specifically, first, a corresponding pine shoot borer pupa collection route is generated according to the approximate position coordinates of each pine shoot borer pupa with the goal of minimizing the total walking distance, then the user is guided to the target position based on the pine shoot borer pupa collection route to complete the collection of red pine shoot borer pupae;

[0037] The rest of the design is the same as in Example 1.

[0038] Comparative Example 2

[0039] S4, the host pupae are soaked in a 3% sodium bicarbonate solution for 1 min, then taken out, rinsed with distilled water, and naturally dried at room temperature;

[0040] The rest of the design is the same as in Example 2.

[0041] Comparative Example 3

[0042] S2, based on the said Korean pine shoot borer pupa collection map, Korean pine shoot borer pupae are collected, and the collected Korean pine shoot borer pupae are put into a glass tube; specifically, first, a Korean pine shoot borer pupa collection route is generated according to the approximate position coordinates of each pine shoot borer pupa with the minimum total walking distance as the target, and then the user is guided to the target position based on the pine shoot borer pupa collection route to complete the collection of Korean pine shoot borer pupae;

[0043] S4, the host pupae are put into a 3% sodium bicarbonate solution for 1 min, then taken out, washed with distilled water, and naturally dried at room temperature;

[0044] The rest of the design is the same as in Example 1.

[0045] The parasitic rate and the amount of emergence of each group are counted respectively, and the results are as follows:

[0046]

[0047] It can be seen that the amount of emergence of Example 1 is significantly higher than that of Comparative Examples 1 and 3, and the amount of emergence of Example 2 is also significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 2. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of juvenile hormone in combination with glucose oxidase can significantly increase the number of red pine shoot borer parasitic wasps obtained by expansion.

[0048] After 500 heads of each group are sampled and marked, the number of dead bees and the time of occurrence of dead bees in each group of red pine shoot borer parasitic wasps are observed, and it is found that the number of dead bees in Examples 1 and 2 is significantly lower than that in Comparative Examples 1-3, and the time of occurrence of dead bees is also significantly later than that in Comparative Examples 1-3. The number of dead bees in Comparative Example 2 is the largest, and the dead bees appear the earliest. Therefore, the use of juvenile hormone in combination with glucose oxidase can improve the quality of the obtained red pine shoot borer parasitic wasps.

[0049] The specific embodiments of the present application are described above. It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essential content of the present application.

Claims

1. A mass rearing method of the Pityokteines curidens (Rond.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) specific parasitoid, Spalangia nigra (Fallen) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: S1, a pine shoot borer pupa recognition model is constructed based on a pine shoot borer pupa image set, tree images are collected by a drone, the tree images are recognized based on the pine shoot borer pupa recognition model, when a pine shoot borer pupa is recognized, POS data of a current data image is automatically read, approximate position coordinates of the pine shoot borer pupa are obtained, and the approximate position coordinates of the pine shoot borer pupa are filled into a preset three-dimensional forest map, so that a pine shoot borer pupa collection map is obtained; S2, first, approximate position coordinates of each pine shoot borer pupa are used to generate a corresponding pine shoot borer pupa collection route with the minimum total walking distance as the target, then a user is guided to reach a target position to collect the pine shoot borer pupa based on the pine shoot borer pupa collection route, the collected pine shoot borer pupa is sprayed with juvenile hormone, and then is put into a glass tube in the shape of a finger; the juvenile hormone is composed of juvenile hormone analog ZR512 and a nano corn starch solution, the dosage of the juvenile hormone analog ZR512 is 0.01 μg per pine shoot borer pupa, and the concentration of the nano corn starch solution is 1.5-3%; S3, the glass tube in the shape of a finger containing the pine shoot borer pupa is put into an indoor or incubator with a temperature of 25-27°C and light of 16L:8D, and after the pupae are hatched, the bees are identified and stored at low temperature; S4, the host pupae are soaked in a 3-5% sodium bicarbonate solution for 1-1.5 min, are taken out, are washed with distilled water, and then are sprayed with a layer of glucose oxidase on the surface, the dosage of the glucose oxidase is 0.1-0.3 mg per host pupa, and the glucose oxidase is naturally dried at room temperature; S5, the pine shoot borer pupae are taken out from low-temperature storage, 2-30 pine shoot borer pupae are introduced into each host pupa by using a finger-shaped tube bee breeding method or an open bee breeding method, the host pupae with the introduced pine shoot borer pupae are put into an incubator or a greenhouse for culture for 12-14 days, and are then stored at 4-10°C.

2. The mass rearing method of the Dryocosmus kuriphilus Das, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: In the step S5, the host pupae after being introduced with bees for 36-48 hours are put into an incubator or a greenhouse with a temperature of 25-28°C, light of 16L:8D, and humidity of 45-60% for culture for 7-10 days, then are moved into a culture box with a temperature of 15°C, light of 12L:12D, and humidity of 45-60% for culture for 3 days, and then are moved into a room or a culture box with a temperature of 4°C and dark for storage.

3. The mass rearing method of the Dryocosmus kuriphilus Das, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The host pupae are one or more of fruit shoot borers, oak silkworms, corn borers, large wax moths, rice borers, or silkworms.

4. The mass rearing method of the Dryocosmus kuriphilus Das, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The amount of the pine shoot borer pupae introduced is determined according to the size of the host pupae.

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