An adjustable shovel-type rubber tapping machine and rubber tapping method

Abstract

This invention discloses an adjustable shovel-cut rubber tapping machine and a tapping method. The adjustable shovel-cut rubber tapping machine includes a tapping blade stand, a stand fixing device, a lifting adjustment device, a lateral adjustment device, and a shovel-cutting blade device. The stand fixing device is used to fix the machine to a natural rubber tree. The lifting adjustment device drives the lateral adjustment device and the shovel-cutting blade device to reciprocate, allowing the shovel-cutting blade device to align with or avoid the cutting position. The lateral adjustment device moves the shovel-cutting blade device horizontally close to the surface of the natural rubber tree at the cutting position to perform a complete cut of the bark. Combined with the lifting adjustment device, the cut bark is then scraped off. The shovel-cutting blade device includes a cutter mounting bracket on which an arc-shaped trajectory cutter is mounted. This invention provides a novel cutting method that uses a complete cut for tapping, offering advantages such as simple structure, simplified power supply, and a simple operation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rubber tapping, and more particularly to an adjustable shovel-type rubber tapper and a rubber tapping method using such a rubber tapper. Background Technology

[0002] Natural rubber, along with steel, petroleum, and coal, is considered one of the four major industrial raw materials in modern society and is a vital strategic resource related to national economy and people's livelihood. Natural rubber is mainly obtained through semi-spiral ring tapping of rubber trees. Currently, rubber tapping in my country's rubber plantations still heavily relies on manual labor, which is characterized by harsh working conditions, high labor intensity, and low efficiency. With the increasing shortage of rubber tappers, a "laborer shortage" has become the norm, leading to increasingly serious abandonment of rubber plantations and tapping, severely impacting the healthy and sustainable development of my country's natural rubber industry. Mechanized tapping is an effective means to solve the "laborer shortage" problem and a crucial link in the full mechanization of natural rubber production. However, due to the rough and irregular trunks of rubber trees and the thin, easily damaged sap bark, existing tapping equipment generally suffers from high power consumption, uneven cutting depth and thickness, unstable operation, and easy damage to the sap bark, leading to reduced yields or even tree death. These problems severely restrict the application and promotion of mechanized tapping technology for natural rubber.

[0003] Chinese invention patent application CN116584344A discloses an automatic rubber tapping machine, mainly composed of a guide rail frame, movable ring tracks at both ends of the guide rail frame, and a tapping mechanism mounted on the guide rail frame that can move along the guide rail frame. This tapping machine primarily uses vertical movement and circular motion to achieve the tapping trajectory, driven by a single drive motor. However, the circular motion of the tapping machine is greatly affected by the shape of the natural rubber tree, easily leading to instability during the movement. Furthermore, it is difficult to ensure precise control of the entire tapping process when the tapping actuator is in motion.

[0004] Chinese invention patent application CN114680016B discloses a rubber tapping machine and a rubber tapping method. The machine travels along a track using a variable vertical track and a longitudinal movement mechanism. The position of the blade holder assembly is lowered simultaneously with the retraction of the blade. The rubber tapping machine mainly uses a motor in conjunction with a complex mechanical structure to perform the tapping work. This rubber tapping machine needs to ensure high-precision operation for a long time. Considering the wear between the complex mechanical structures of the blade assembly, the machine has high requirements for manufacturing materials. Furthermore, due to the limitation of the fixed track, it is difficult to guarantee the tapping accuracy when the tree shape is not good. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an adjustable shovel-type rubber tapper with simple structure and good stability, and a rubber tapping method using such a rubber tapper.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: an adjustable shovel-cut rubber tapping machine, including a cutter stand, a stand fixing device, a lifting adjustment device, a lateral adjustment device, and a shovel-cutting device;

[0007] The cutter stand serves as the direct or indirect mounting base for the following devices;

[0008] A frame fixing device is installed at the top and bottom of the cutter frame to fix the mechanism to the natural rubber tree;

[0009] The lifting and adjusting device is vertically installed on the cutter stand and is used to drive the horizontal adjusting device and the shovel cutting device to reciprocate up and down, so that the shovel cutting device is aligned with or avoids the cutting position.

[0010] A horizontal adjustment device, installed on the lifting adjustment device, is used to drive the shovel cutting blade device to be horizontally close to the surface of the natural rubber tree at the cutting position to cut the bark, and then, in conjunction with the lifting adjustment device, to remove the cut bark.

[0011] The shovel cutting device includes a cutter mounting bracket installed on the horizontal adjustment device. The shovel cutting device is located between the upper and lower upright fixing devices. An arc-shaped trajectory cutter is installed on the cutter mounting bracket. The arc-shaped trajectory cutter has its arc-shaped inner surface facing outwards towards the surface of the natural rubber tree, and its arc-shaped inner surface is provided with a trajectory cutting edge adapted to the shape of the rubber cutting trajectory.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the frame fixing device includes a fixing seat fixed to the top and bottom of the cutter frame. The fixing seat is provided with two supporting arc arms that extend to both sides of the natural rubber tree. The ends of the supporting arc arms are provided with a locking and fixing structure for fixing to the surface of the natural rubber tree.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the locking and fixing structure includes an arc-shaped tree-attaching retaining ring, and a retaining ring adjusting screw is connected between the arc-shaped tree-attaching retaining ring and the supporting arc arm. The arc-shaped tree-attaching retaining ring is fitted onto the top of the retaining ring adjusting screw, and the retaining ring adjusting screw is threaded onto the supporting arc arm and fixed by a locking nut.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the lifting adjustment device includes a lifting seat, which slides vertically along the cutter stand. The cutter stand is also provided with a vertically arranged lifting screw. The lifting seat is threadedly connected to the lifting screw, and an adjustment motor is installed at the top of the lifting screw.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the lateral adjustment device includes a lateral telescopic rod fixed on the lifting seat, and the shovel cutting blade device is installed outside the telescopic end of the lateral telescopic rod.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the cutter mounting bracket is an arc-shaped bracket, and the arc-shaped trajectory cutter is mounted on the cutter mounting bracket through multiple cutter adjustment devices.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the cutter adjustment device includes a bracket connecting seat fixedly installed on the cutter mounting bracket and a cutter connecting seat fixedly installed on the arc-shaped trajectory cutter, and a cutter adjustment screw is threadedly connected between the cutter connecting seat and the bracket connecting seat.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, the cutting depth limiting rod is provided extending towards the side of the trajectory cutting blade of the cutting blade connecting seat, and the distance between the plurality of cutting depth limiting rods and the end of the trajectory cutting blade is the same.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution, the arc-shaped trajectory cutter includes a trajectory cutter and an end cutter. The end cutter is located at both ends of the trajectory cutter. The trajectory cutter is used to cut the rubber tree bark in one piece, and the end cutter is used to cut off both ends of the cut bark.

[0020] Another preferred technical solution, a rubber tapping method for an adjustable shovel-type rubber tapper, includes the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: First, adjust the tapper to a suitable position according to the preset tapping trajectory, and then fix the tapper to the surface of the rubber tree using the stand fixing device;

[0022] Step 2: During rubber tapping, the lifting and adjusting device is controlled to move the horizontal adjusting device and the shovel cutting device vertically to the cutting position, so that the shovel cutting device is aligned with the cutting position; the cutting position is located below the previous cutting trajectory, and the distance between the two is equal to one rubber tapping unit.

[0023] Step 3: Next, by controlling the lateral adjustment device, push the shovel cutting device close to the surface of the natural rubber tree, so that the trajectory cutting blade cuts into the rubber bark and cuts the bark cleanly; then, by using the lifting adjustment device, move the shovel cutting device upward a certain distance to remove the cleanly cut bark; then, the lateral adjustment device controls the shovel cutting device to move away from the rubber tree and retract the blade, completing one tapping operation; the upward movement distance is greater than the distance corresponding to one tapping unit.

[0024] Step 4: Then, by controlling the lifting and adjusting device, the horizontal adjusting device and the shovel cutting device are moved vertically back to the origin, waiting for the next rubber cutting.

[0025] Step 5: Repeat steps 2 to 4 above to complete the automatic rubber tapping process.

[0026] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. Current rubber tapping methods in the industry require not only vertical movement but also circumferential movement via a toothed rail. The combined vertical and circumferential movement is necessary to achieve arc-shaped rubber trajectory cutting. Furthermore, the cutter requires a separate power source for cutting, necessitating at least three power sources with complex structures, resulting in heavy overall weight and a complex control process. To address this problem, this invention provides a novel transmission method that achieves rubber bark cutting simply through vertical and forward / backward movement. This simplifies power requirements and, compared to methods requiring toothed rails and other structures for arc-shaped trajectory cutting, results in a simpler structure, lighter weight, lower cost, and a simplified operation process.

[0028] 2. Existing technologies require coordinated vertical and circumferential movement to cut the arc-shaped rubber track. Stable speed coordination between these two movements is crucial to ensure a smooth cut surface and subsequent smooth flow of the rubber sap. Furthermore, the cutter cuts gradually along the arc-shaped track, making it difficult to guarantee a smooth cut surface. To address this issue, this invention provides a novel rubber tapping method. The arc-shaped track cutter, under the action of a lateral adjustment device, performs a one-time cut on the rubber tree bark, resulting in a smooth and even cut surface that effectively ensures smooth rubber flow. This method offers high-quality tapping with consistent quality for each cut. This novel tapping method lays the foundation for high-quality automated rubber tapping in the industry.

[0029] 3. To ensure that the bark can be cut smoothly after the initial trimming, this equipment uses an upward scraping motion to scrape the bark upwards, avoiding affecting the uncut bark below. This rubber tapping method, which combines trimming and scraping, can achieve rapid and effective cutting with good results and high efficiency. Due to its high cutting efficiency, simplified power supply, and simple tapping method, the equipment has a low failure rate and is suitable for rubber tapping equipment that is permanently fixed to natural rubber trees. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The following figures are intended only to illustrate and explain the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention. Wherein:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the usage state of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support frame fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the usage state of the stand fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the locking and fixing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the shovel cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the usage state of the shovel cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 9 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0040] In the diagram: 100-Cutter stand; 200-Stand stand fixing device; 201-Fixing base; 202-Supporting arc arm; 203-Arc-shaped tree-attaching ring; 204-Ring adjusting screw; 205-Locking nut; 206-Screw baffle; 300-Lifting adjustment device; 301-Lifting seat; 302-Lifting screw; 303-Adjusting motor; 400-Horizontal adjustment device; 401-Horizontal telescopic rod; 402-Connecting seat; 500-Shovel cutting blade device; 501-Cutter mounting bracket; 502-Arc-shaped trajectory cutter; 502a-Trajectory cutter; 502b-End cutter; 503-Trajectory cutting blade; 504-Bracket connecting seat; 505-Cutter connecting seat; 506-Cutter adjusting screw; 507-Cutting depth limit rod. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the following detailed description, only certain exemplary embodiments of the invention are described by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art will recognize that various modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an adjustable shovel-cut rubber tapping machine includes a cutter stand 100, a stand fixing device 200, a lifting adjustment device 300, a lateral adjustment device 400, and a shovel-cutting device 500. Other devices are directly or indirectly installed on the cutter stand 100. The equipment also includes a controller, to which the lifting adjustment device 300 and the lateral adjustment device 400 are connected. The controller controls the automatic lifting and extension, and the lifting and extension amounts are pre-adjusted within the controller.

[0043] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 The support frame fixing device 200 is installed at the top and bottom of the cutter support frame 100 to fix the mechanism to the natural rubber tree. The support frame fixing device 200 includes a fixing base 201 welded to the top and bottom of the cutter support frame 100. The fixing base 201 has two supporting arc arms 202 extending to both sides of the natural rubber tree. The ends of the supporting arc arms 202 are provided with locking structures for fixed connection with the surface of the natural rubber tree. The locking structures, as structures that directly fix to the surface of the natural rubber tree, and the supporting arc arms 202, being metal supporting arms, are arc-shaped and can guide the two locking structures to the left and right sides of the natural rubber tree respectively, achieving a better fixation effect.

[0044] See Figure 5 The locking and fixing structure includes an arc-shaped tree-attaching retaining ring 203. An adjusting screw 204 connects the arc-shaped tree-attaching retaining ring 203 to the supporting arc arm 202. The arc-shaped tree-attaching retaining ring 203 is fitted onto the top end of the adjusting screw 204, which is threaded onto the supporting arc arm 202 and fixed by a locking nut 205. In this embodiment, the arc-shaped tree-attaching retaining ring 203 is made of rubber with a certain hardness. When fully fixed, the arc-shaped tree-attaching retaining ring 203 is stably supported on the surface of the natural rubber tree. A screw baffle 206 is welded and fixed to the top end of the adjusting screw 204. A mounting seat is provided on the outer side of the middle part of the arc-shaped tree-attaching retaining ring 203. A limiting retaining ring is fixed outside the mounting seat to fit the screw baffle 206 inside, allowing the adjusting screw 204 to rotate while simultaneously compressing the arc-shaped tree-attaching retaining ring 203. In use, first loosen the locking nuts 205 on both sides of the support arc arm 202, then rotate the clamping ring adjusting screw 204 to adjust the position of the arc-shaped tree-attaching clamping ring 203 so that it contacts the surface of the natural rubber tree. Then adjust the angle of the arc-shaped tree-attaching clamping ring 203 so that the inner surface of the arc faces the surface of the natural rubber tree. Continue to rotate the clamping ring adjusting screw 204 so that the arc-shaped tree-attaching clamping ring 203 is stretched open and tightly pressed against the surface of the natural rubber tree. Finally, tighten the two locking nuts 205 to lock the clamping ring adjusting screw 204, thus completing the pre-fixing of the equipment.

[0045] See Figure 1 and Figure 2The lifting adjustment device 300 is vertically mounted on the cutter stand 100 and is used to drive the horizontal adjustment device 400 and the shovel cutting device 500 to reciprocate up and down, so that the shovel cutting device 500 is aligned with or avoids the cutting position. The lifting adjustment device 300 includes a lifting seat 301, the shape of which is rectangular, as is the shape of the cutter stand 100. The lifting seat 301 is fitted outside the cutter stand 100 and can slide vertically along the cutter stand 100. The cutter stand 100 is also provided with a vertically arranged lifting screw 302. The top and bottom ends of the lifting screw 302 are respectively rotatably mounted on the fixed base 201. An adjustment motor 303 is installed at the top of the lifting screw 302. The body of the adjustment motor 303 is fixed on the fixed base 201. The power end of the adjustment motor 303 is connected to the lifting screw 302. The lifting seat 301 is threadedly connected to the lifting screw 302. When the regulating motor 303 is running, it drives the lifting screw 302 to rotate, causing the lifting seat 301 to rise and fall along the cutter stand 100, thereby adjusting the height position of the shovel cutting device 500.

[0046] See Figure 6 and Figure 7 The lateral adjustment device 400 is mounted on the lifting adjustment device 300 and is used to drive the shovel cutting device 500 horizontally close to the surface of the natural rubber tree at the cutting position to cut the bark. The lifting adjustment device 300 then scrapes off the cut bark. The lateral adjustment device 400 includes a lateral telescopic rod 401 fixed to the lifting base 301, and the shovel cutting device 500 is mounted on the telescopic end of the lateral telescopic rod 401. The lateral adjustment device 400 uses an electronic push rod. The fixed end of the electronic push rod is fixed to the lifting base 301, and the telescopic end of the electronic push rod is used to mount the shovel cutting device 500. The lateral adjustment device 400 and the shovel cutting device 500 are connected by a connecting seat 402. One end of the connecting seat 402 is fixed to the telescopic end of the lateral telescopic rod 401 by screws, and the other end of the connecting seat 402 is a clamping arm structure. The shovel cutting device 500 is fixed inside the clamping arm structure by screws or bolts. When the connecting seat 402 is fixed by screws, the tilt angle of the shovel cutting device 500 needs to be adjusted in advance to adapt to the surface of the natural rubber tree.

[0047] See Figures 6 to 9The shovel cutting device 500 includes a cutter mounting bracket 501 mounted on the horizontal adjustment device 400. The cutter mounting bracket 501 is fixed to the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic rod 401 by screws. The shovel cutting device 500 is located between the upper and lower upright fixing devices 200. An arc-shaped trajectory cutter 502 is mounted on the cutter mounting bracket 501. The arc-shaped inner surface of the arc-shaped trajectory cutter 502 faces outward toward the surface of the natural rubber tree, and a trajectory cutting blade 503 adapted to the shape of the rubber cutting trajectory is provided on the arc-shaped inner surface. After the trajectory cutting blade 503 cuts the surface of the rubber tree, it will form a spiral-like cutting trajectory.

[0048] See Figure 8 The cutter mounting bracket 501 is an arc-shaped bracket, and the arc-shaped trajectory cutter 502 is mounted on the cutter mounting bracket 501 in cooperation with multiple cutter adjustment devices. Each cutter adjustment device includes a bracket connecting seat 504 fixedly mounted on the cutter mounting bracket 501 and a cutter connecting seat 505 fixedly mounted on the arc-shaped trajectory cutter 502. A cutter adjustment screw 506 is threadedly connected between the cutter connecting seat 505 and the bracket connecting seat 504. The bracket connecting seat 504 is fixed to the cutter mounting bracket 501 by screws or bolts, and the cutter connecting seat 505 is fixed to the arc-shaped trajectory cutter 502 by screws or bolts. The two ends of the cutter adjustment screw 506 are threadedly connected to the bracket connecting seat 504 and the cutter connecting seat 505, respectively. By rotating the cutter connecting seat 505, the phase distance between it and the bracket connecting seat 504 can be changed, thereby fine-tuning the position of the cutter.

[0049] See Figure 8 The cutting depth limiting rod 507 extends from the cutting blade connecting seat 505 toward the track cutting blade 503. The distance between the multiple cutting depth limiting rods 507 and the end of the track cutting blade 503 is the same. The distance between the end of the cutting depth limiting rod 507 and the end of the track cutting blade 503 is the maximum depth at which the device cuts the surface of the natural rubber tree. The cutting depth limiting rod 507 plays a mechanical limiting role to prevent the blade from cutting too deep and damaging the tree.

[0050] See Figure 9The arc-shaped trajectory cutter 502 includes a trajectory cutter 502a and an end cutter 502b. The end cutter 502b is located at both ends of the trajectory cutter 502a. The trajectory cutter 502a and the end cutter 502b can be welded together or fixed with the assistance of a bracket. The trajectory cutter 502a is used to cut the rubber tree bark in one piece, and the end cutter 502b is used to cut off both ends of the cut bark. The arc-shaped inner surface of the trajectory cutter 502a and the arc-shaped inner surface of the end cutter 502b form a trajectory cutting blade 503, which corresponds to the length of the rubber cutting trajectory and is used to cut the bark in one piece. The outer end of the end cutter 502b is provided with an end cutting blade, which is used to cut off the ends of the cut bark. The trajectory cutter 502a and the end cutter 502b form an integral unit, which can effectively achieve the whole-piece cutting and cutting of the bark. In this embodiment, the trajectory cutter 502a can be a whole cutter pre-processed according to the rubber cutting arc trajectory and length, or a combination cutter composed of multiple segmented arc cutters. When it is a combination cutter, each segmented cutter is connected through at least one cutter adjustment device to ensure that the ends of multiple cutters are aligned.

[0051] During cutting, the arc-shaped trajectory cutter 502 is extended by the transverse telescopic rod 401 and cuts into the surface of the natural rubber tree. Since the rubber cutting trajectory is a spiral-shaped arc, the arc-shaped trajectory cutter 502 is also made into a spiral-shaped arc corresponding to its rubber cutting trajectory, so that the difference between the depths of the cuts formed after cutting is small, which meets the rubber cutting standards.

[0052] A rubber tapping method using an adjustable shovel-type rubber tapper includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Before installing this equipment, a preset tapping trajectory is manually cut on the surface of the natural rubber tree to provide a reference for the installation of this equipment and subsequent cutting. Before installation, a suitable arc-shaped trajectory cutter 502 is selected according to the diameter of the natural rubber tree, the required length and curvature of the tapping trajectory, etc., and the arc-shaped trajectory cutter 502 is installed on this equipment and the position of the cutter is pre-adjusted. Then, the tapper is adjusted to a suitable position according to the preset tapping trajectory, and the tapper is fixed to the surface of the rubber tree by the upright fixing device 200. Before tapping, the horizontal adjustment device 400 and the shovel cutting device 500 are positioned at the top initial position to avoid each other, and then the equipment is adjusted to wait for tapping.

[0054] Step 2: During rubber tapping, the lifting adjustment device 300 is controlled to drive the horizontal adjustment device 400 and the shovel cutting device 500 to move vertically downwards to the cutting position, so that the shovel cutting device 500 is aligned with the cutting position; the cutting position is located below the previous cutting trajectory, and the distance between the two is equal to one rubber tapping unit. The rubber tapping unit is also the amount of rubber consumed per cut. According to international standards, the amount of rubber consumed per cut should not exceed 1.4mm.

[0055] Step 3: Next, by controlling the lateral adjustment device 400, the shovel cutting device 500 is pushed close to the surface of the natural rubber tree, so that the trajectory cutting blade 503 cuts into the rubber tree bark, making a cut in a spiral trajectory. Then, the lifting adjustment device 300 moves the shovel cutting device 500 upward a certain distance to remove the cut bark. Subsequently, the lateral adjustment device 400 controls the shovel cutting device 500 to move away from the rubber tree and retract the blade, completing one tapping operation. The upward movement distance is greater than the distance corresponding to one tapping unit.

[0056] Step 4: Then, by controlling the lifting adjustment device 300, the horizontal adjustment device 400 and the shovel cutting device 500 are moved vertically upward to the initial position, waiting for the next rubber cutting.

[0057] Step 5: Repeat steps 2 to 4 above to complete the automatic rubber tapping operation.

[0058] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adjustable skimmer-type rubber tapping machine characterized in that, The cutting knife stand, the stand fixing device, the lifting adjusting device, the horizontal adjusting device and the shovel cutting knife device are included. The cutting knife stand is used as the mounting base of the devices directly or indirectly. The stand fixing device is installed on the top and bottom of the cutting knife stand to fix the device on the natural rubber tree. The lifting adjusting device is vertically installed on the cutting knife stand to drive the horizontal adjusting device and the shovel cutting knife device to reciprocatingly lift and lower, so that the shovel cutting knife device is aligned with or avoids the cutting position. The horizontal adjusting device is installed on the lifting adjusting device to drive the shovel cutting knife device to horizontally approach the surface of the natural rubber tree at the cutting position to completely cut the bark and shovel away the cut bark in combination with the lifting adjusting device. The shovel cutting knife device includes a cutting knife mounting bracket installed on the horizontal adjusting device, the cutting knife device is located between the two stand fixing devices, the cutting knife mounting bracket is an arc-shaped bracket, the arc-shaped trajectory cutting knife is installed on the cutting knife mounting bracket through a plurality of cutting knife adjusting devices, the arc-shaped inner surface of the arc-shaped trajectory cutting knife faces outward and is provided with a trajectory cutting edge matched with the rubber tapping trajectory, the cutting knife adjusting device includes a bracket connecting seat fixedly installed on the cutting knife mounting bracket and a cutting knife connecting seat fixedly installed on the arc-shaped trajectory cutting knife, a cutting knife adjusting screw is threadedly connected between the cutting knife connecting seat and the bracket connecting seat, a cutting depth limiting rod is extended and arranged on the side of the cutting knife connecting seat facing the trajectory cutting edge, the distances between the plurality of cutting depth limiting rods and the end of the trajectory cutting edge are the same, the arc-shaped trajectory cutting knife includes a trajectory cutting knife and end cutting knives located at both ends of the trajectory cutting knife, the trajectory cutting knife is used to completely cut the bark, the end cutting knives are used to cut off the ends of the cut bark, the arc-shaped inner surfaces of the trajectory cutting knife and the end cutting knives constitute the trajectory cutting edge, the length of the trajectory cutting edge and the rubber tapping trajectory are used to completely cut the bark, the outer end of the end cutting knife is provided with an end cutting edge used to cut off the ends of the cut bark, and the trajectory cutting knife and the end cutting knives constitute an integral whole. The horizontal adjusting device is controlled to push the shovel cutting knife device to approach the surface of the natural rubber tree, so that the trajectory cutting edge cuts into the bark to completely cut the bark and form a spiral trajectory.

2. An adjustable blade dicer as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The stand fixing device includes fixing seats fixed on the top and bottom of the cutting knife stand, the fixing seats are provided with two support arc arms respectively extending to the two sides of the natural rubber tree, and the end of the support arc arm is provided with a locking fixing structure used to be fixedly connected with the surface of the natural rubber tree.

3. An adjustable blade dicer as claimed in claim 2 wherein: The locking fixing structure comprises an arc-shaped tree-hugging ring, a ring adjusting screw is connected between the arc-shaped tree-hugging ring and the support arc arm, the arc-shaped tree-hugging ring is sleeved on the top end of the ring adjusting screw, and the ring adjusting screw is screwed on the support arc arm and fixed by a locking nut.

4. An adjustable blade dicer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The lifting adjusting device comprises a lifting seat which vertically slides along the cutter stand, a lifting screw vertically arranged in the cutter stand, and a threaded connection between the lifting seat and the lifting screw, and a top end of the lifting screw is provided with an adjusting motor.

5. An adjustable blade dicer as claimed in claim 4 wherein: The lateral adjusting device comprises a lateral telescopic rod fixed on the lifting seat, and the shovel cutting knife device is installed on the telescopic end of the lateral telescopic rod.

6. A method of tapping rubber by using the adjustable spade cutting type rubber tapping machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step one, first, adjust the rubber tapping machine to a suitable position according to the preset tapping trajectory, and fix the rubber tapping machine on the surface of the rubber tree through the stand fixing device; Step two, during tapping, control the lifting adjusting device to drive the lateral adjusting device and the shovel cutting knife device to vertically move to the cutting position, so that the shovel cutting knife device is aligned with the cutting position; wherein the cutting position is below the last cutting trajectory, and the distance between them is equal to one tapping unit; Step three, then control the lateral adjusting device to push the shovel cutting knife device close to the surface of the natural rubber tree, so that the trajectory cutting blade cuts into the rubber tree bark and cuts the bark; then control the lifting adjusting device to drive the shovel cutting knife device to move upward by a distance, so that the cut bark is scraped off, and then the lateral adjusting device controls the shovel cutting knife device to move away from the rubber tree to retreat the blade, thereby completing one tapping; wherein the upward moving distance is greater than the distance corresponding to one tapping unit; Step four, then control the lifting adjusting device to drive the lateral adjusting device and the shovel cutting knife device to vertically move to the original point, and wait for the next tapping; Step five, repeat steps two to four to complete the automatic tapping work.

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