A fly ash magnetic separation system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fly ash magnetic separation system, and relates to a device for collecting iron impurities in fly ash. It includes a sorting chamber and a collecting chamber arranged on both sides of the sorting chamber, and includes at least one set of sorting devices arranged in the sorting chamber and the collecting chamber. The sorting device includes a plurality of magnetic rods, the magnetic core is connected to a magnetic core movement mechanism, and the magnetic core continuously reciprocates under the action of the magnetic core movement mechanism, the magnetic sleeve is connected to a magnetic sleeve movement mechanism, and a plurality of collision rings are arranged on the magnetic sleeve, and the magnetic sleeve reciprocates at intervals under the action of the magnetic sleeve movement mechanism. In the present application, the magnetic core is used to make a small reciprocating motion in the filter chamber, and the magnetic sleeve is used to make a large reciprocating motion in the filter chamber and the collecting chamber. The fly ash mass is broken up by the movement of the magnetic core, and the iron impurities are collected by the movement of the magnetic sleeve. The present application solves the problems of low fly ash iron removal efficiency and low purity of collected iron impurities in the past.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a device for collecting iron impurities in fly ash. Background Art

[0002] Fly ash is a kind of fine ash produced by coal combustion, mainly composed of tiny glass spherical particles, similar in appearance to cement. It is one of the main solid wastes discharged by coal-fired power plants and one of the largest industrial waste slags in my country. The chemical composition of fly ash is mainly silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, and it also contains rich trace elements such as calcium, iron, copper, etc. At present, the annual coal consumption of large-scale thermal power stations in my country is tens of millions of tons, and the annual fly ash solid waste is also in the millions of tons. Taking a thermal power plant in the eastern coastal area as an example, it consumed more than 15 million tons of coal in 22 years and produced more than 2.37 million tons of fly ash annually. In addition, with the changes in the international situation and the market, the supply of power coal at the source is tight, and the quality of coal (such as ash content, low calorific value, etc.) has declined significantly, resulting in an increase in coal consumption in recent years, and a significant increase in the generation of general solid wastes such as fly ash. Since the comprehensive utilization rate of bulk industrial solid waste is now required to reach 100%, how to improve the utilization value of fly ash is also an urgent matter.

[0003] The iron content in fly ash varies depending on factors such as coal type, origin and combustion conditions. According to different studies and data, the iron content in fly ash is generally between 2% and 20%. At present, the price of high-grade iron ore is stable at 1,000 yuan per ton. Taking the above-mentioned thermal power plant as an example, its fly ash can be refined into iron powder between 50,000 tons and 250,000 tons per year. The iron content and smelting difficulty of iron powder are much better than iron ore, and the value is also higher. This alone can generate a net profit of 500 million to 2.5 billion yuan per year.

[0004] The existing fly ash sorting system requires multiple sets of powerful blowers to blow air in the sorting chamber to disperse the fly ash and then collect iron impurities by magnetic adsorption. This collection method consumes a lot of electricity and has low collection efficiency. The iron impurity collection rate is only 60%-70%, and the purity of iron impurities is only around 55%. Therefore, a fly ash magnetic separation system with high efficiency and extraction rate is needed to extract as much iron powder as possible from the fly ash. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims at the deficiencies in the prior art and provides a fly ash magnetic separation system, which uses a magnetic core to make a small reciprocating motion in the filter chamber, a magnetic sleeve to make a large reciprocating motion in the filter chamber and the collection chamber, and a fan to blow air on the surface of the magnetic sleeve. The fly ash clumps are broken up by the movement of the magnetic core and the blowing of the fan, and the iron impurities are collected by the movement of the magnetic sleeve. The present application solves the problems of low fly ash iron removal efficiency and low purity of collected iron impurities in the past. The collection rate of iron impurities is increased from about 65% to more than 85%, and the purity of iron impurities is increased from 55% to more than about 75%. Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present application is very superior. In addition, the present application has low energy consumption, few failures, and can be continuously operated for a long time.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved through the following technical solutions: a fly ash magnetic separation system, including a sorting chamber and a collection chamber arranged on both sides of the sorting chamber, characterized in that it includes at least one set of sorting devices arranged in the sorting chamber and the collection chamber, the sorting device includes a plurality of magnetic rods, the magnetic rod includes a magnetic core and a magnetic sleeve wrapping the magnetic core, the magnetic core is connected to a magnetic core movement mechanism, the magnetic core continuously reciprocates under the action of the magnetic core movement mechanism, the magnetic sleeve is connected to a magnetic sleeve movement mechanism, a plurality of collision rings are arranged on the magnetic sleeve, the magnetic sleeve reciprocates at intervals under the action of the magnetic sleeve movement mechanism, and an airflow auxiliary system is also arranged in the sorting chamber, and the airflow auxiliary system blows air into the sorting chamber.

[0007] In the above technical solution, preferably, the collision rings are evenly spaced on the magnetic sleeve.

[0008] In the above technical solution, preferably, the unidirectional movement distance of the magnetic core is not less than the spacing between adjacent collision rings.

[0009] In the above technical solution, preferably, the length of the magnetic sleeve is not less than the length of two sorting cavities.

[0010] In the above technical solution, preferably, the unidirectional movement distance of the magnetic sleeve is not less than the length of the sorting chamber.

[0011] In the above technical solution, preferably, a sealing plate is provided between the sorting chamber and the collecting chamber, and the sealing plate is provided with spacing holes for allowing the magnetic rod to pass through.

[0012] In the above technical solution, preferably, a stop ring matching with the spacing hole is provided on the magnetic sleeve, and the stop ring is located in the sorting cavity.

[0013] In the above technical solution, preferably, the airflow auxiliary system is arranged on the sealing plate, and the airflow auxiliary system blows air toward the sorting device.

[0014] In the above technical solution, preferably, the magnetic core movement mechanism includes a magnetic core cylinder arranged on a single side of the collecting chamber and a magnetic core push plate connected to the magnetic core movement cylinder, and the magnetic core push plate is provided with a plurality of magnetic core connecting rods, and the magnetic core connecting rods are connected to the magnetic core.

[0015] In the above technical solution, preferably, the magnetic sleeve movement mechanism includes a limit rod arranged in the collecting chamber on both sides, a magnetic sleeve push plate is arranged on the limit rod, the magnetic sleeve is arranged between the two magnetic sleeve push plates, and any of the magnetic sleeve push plates is connected to a magnetic sleeve movement cylinder.

[0016] Fly ash is the product of high-temperature combustion of coal. The particle size of fly ash is generally between 10 microns and 100 microns. The surface area of ​​fly ash particles is also large, usually between 200~3500cm² / g, and has high activity and adhesion. In other words, fly ash is easy to agglomerate. If fly ash agglomerates, iron impurities are easily coated in the fly ash agglomerates, which causes three problems in fly ash iron removal. First, the iron impurities in the fly ash agglomerates are not easy to be adsorbed on the magnetic rod. Second, the iron impurities and the fly ash that wraps the iron impurities are easily adsorbed on the magnetic rod. Third, the fly ash particles are too small to fall directly onto the magnetic rod and cannot be removed. These three problems not only lead to low fly ash iron removal effect, but also lead to low purity of the collected iron impurities.

[0017] How to break up the fly ash that has clumped together and remove the fly ash that has fallen on the magnetic bar? The prior art usually uses a vibration method or an air blast method. The vibration method is to generate vibration to break up the fly ash so that the iron impurities are exposed and the fly ash on the magnetic bar is shaken off. However, this method requires the installation of a vibrator in the iron removal device to vibrate the magnetic bar through the vibrator, but the vibration of the magnetic bar greatly affects the durability and adsorption capacity of the magnetic bar, and the final iron removal and collection effects are not good, which is not worth the cost from the perspective of overall operating costs. The air blast method is to vigorously blow air in the sorting chamber to disperse the fly ash through high-speed airflow, but in fact the iron removal and collection effects of the air blast method are not perfect, the air blast method consumes a lot of energy, and the sorting cost is generally unacceptable to enterprises. For this reason, the present application creatively generates the vibration of the fly ash by moving the magnetic core in the magnetic bar, thereby exposing the iron impurities in the fly ash without connecting any external vibration device.

[0018] The principle of the present application is: a plurality of collision rings evenly spaced apart are arranged on the surface of a magnetic bar, and then the magnetic core in the magnetic bar moves a distance exceeding the spacing between adjacent collision rings. Since the magnetic core has ferromagnetism, the fly ash mass wrapped with iron impurities is adsorbed onto the magnetic bar and has weaker adhesion than the iron impurities directly adsorbed. When the magnetic core moves, the adsorbed fly ash will move along with the magnetic core on the surface of the magnetic bar, and this fly ash mass will adsorb other fly ash particles that fall on the surface of the magnetic bar when it moves on the surface of the magnetic bar. When this fly ash mass touches the collision ring, it is broken up, most of the fly ash falls off the magnetic bar, and the iron impurities in the fly ash mass are directly adsorbed. In this way, as long as the magnetic core keeps reciprocating, the fly ash clumps on the magnetic rod will be broken up continuously. If the number of layers of the sorting device is sufficient, basically all the fly ash or fly ash clumps will fall onto the magnetic rod, and then follow the movement of the magnetic core or be attached to other moving fly ash clumps and then be broken up. In this case, as long as the magnetic rod has adsorption capacity, the iron impurities will be adsorbed regardless of whether they are outside or inside the fly ash clumps.

[0019] Moreover, in the present application, the magnetic core in the magnetic rod keeps reciprocating, and the magnetic sleeve of the magnetic rod can also reciprocate regularly or quantitatively. The reciprocating motion of the magnetic core is to break up the fly ash mass, and the reciprocating motion of the magnetic sleeve is to weave magnetic areas and non-magnetic areas. When the magnetic sleeve moves to the collection chamber, the magnetic rod in the collection chamber is non-magnetic, and the iron impurities on the magnetic sleeve can fall off. Since the magnetic rod in the present application is relatively long, which is basically the total length of the filter chamber and a single collection chamber, no matter how the magnetic sleeve moves, the magnetic sleeve in the filter chamber always absorbs iron impurities under the action of the magnetic core. Therefore, the present application is a set of continuous iron removal device, which does not need to be stopped at all during use, and the iron removal efficiency is very high.

[0020] In addition, the present application also provides an airflow auxiliary system facing the magnetic rod. In the present application, the airflow auxiliary system needs to blow air facing the magnetic sleeve of the magnetic rod to disperse the fly ash above and on the magnetic sleeve. While blowing air, the magnetic core keeps moving. Under the combined effect of the two, the fly ash mass will be broken up and the iron impurities can be completely exposed. Moreover, when the magnetic sleeve moves, the airflow auxiliary system can reduce the amount of fly ash that enters the collection chamber along with the magnetic sleeve.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present application uses a magnetic core to make a small reciprocating motion in the filter chamber, and a magnetic sleeve to make a large reciprocating motion in the filter chamber and the collection chamber. The fly ash group is broken up by the movement of the magnetic core, and the iron impurities are collected by the movement of the magnetic sleeve. The present application solves the problems of low iron removal efficiency of fly ash and low purity of collected iron impurities in the past. The collection rate of iron impurities is increased from about 65% to more than 85%, and the purity of iron impurities is increased from 55% to more than about 75%. Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present application is very superior. In addition, the present application has low energy consumption, few failures, and can operate continuously for a long time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a front cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the separation device of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the separation device of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0027] Figure 6 It is a top view schematic diagram of the sorting device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic side view of the sorting device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic cross-sectional view from the right side of the present invention.

[0030] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 3 -A partial enlarged view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of various embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments described in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1, as Figures 1 to 9 As shown: A fly ash magnetic separation system includes a sorting chamber 1 and collecting chambers arranged on both sides of the sorting chamber, the collecting chambers on both sides are respectively a left collecting chamber 21 and a right collecting chamber 22, and the bottoms of the left collecting chamber 21 and the right collecting chamber 22 are respectively provided with collecting ports 23. The top of the sorting chamber 1 is provided with an inlet 11, and the bottom is provided with an outlet 12, and a left sealing plate 13 and a right sealing plate 14 are respectively provided between the sorting chamber 1 and the left collecting chamber 21 and the right collecting chamber 22. The entire device includes at least one set of sorting devices 4. In this embodiment, the sorting devices 4 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom and have 5 sets. The sorting device 4 includes a plurality of magnetic rods, and the magnetic rods include a magnetic core 61 and a magnetic sleeve 51 wrapping the magnetic core. In this embodiment, it can be regarded that the sorting device 4 includes a set of magnetic sleeve assemblies and a set of magnetic core assemblies.

[0033] The magnetic sleeve assembly includes a magnetic sleeve push plate. In this embodiment, the magnetic sleeve push plate is a through plate 57 and a right fixed plate 54. A plurality of evenly arranged magnetic sleeves 51 are arranged on the right fixed plate 54. The magnetic sleeves 51 are between the through plate 57 and the right fixed plate 54. The arrangement of the magnetic sleeves 51 can be a single-layer even arrangement or a multi-layer even arrangement. A plurality of collision rings 52 are arranged on the magnetic sleeve 51, and the collision rings 52 are evenly spaced on the magnetic sleeve 51. The length of the magnetic sleeve 51 is the length of a sorting cavity plus a single collecting cavity. Three gear rings 53 are arranged on the magnetic sleeve 51, and the three gear rings 53 are respectively arranged at the top of the magnetic sleeve 51, the bottom of the magnetic sleeve 51 and the middle of the magnetic sleeve 51. In this embodiment, the through plate 57 is in the left collecting chamber 21, and the right fixed plate 54 is in the right collecting chamber 22. In addition, a left magnetic sleeve slideway 56 is provided in the left collecting chamber 21, and a right magnetic sleeve slideway 55 is provided in the right collecting chamber 22. The through plate 57 is provided on the left magnetic sleeve slideway 56, and the fixed plate 54 is provided on the right magnetic sleeve slideway 55. A magnetic sleeve moving cylinder 41 is also connected between the fixed plates 54, and the other end of the magnetic sleeve moving cylinder 41 is provided on the outer shell of the sorting chamber 1. Furthermore, the three stop rings 53 on the magnetic sleeve 51 are respectively located in the left collecting chamber 21, the sorting chamber 1 and the right collecting chamber 22, and can only be located in the left collecting chamber 21, the sorting chamber 1 and the right collecting chamber 22. The left sealing plate 13 and the right sealing plate 14 are provided with spacing holes for the magnetic rod to pass through, and the spacing holes cannot allow the stop ring 53 to pass through.

[0034] The magnetic core assembly includes a magnetic core push plate 65, on which a plurality of evenly arranged magnetic core connecting rods 62 are arranged. The number of magnetic core connecting rods 62 corresponds to the magnetic sleeve 51 and the magnetic core connecting rods 62 can move in the magnetic sleeve 51. The magnetic core connecting rods 62 penetrate the through plate 57 and extend into the magnetic sleeve 51. The magnetic core connecting rods 62 connect the magnetic core 61 inside the magnetic sleeve 51. The magnetic core push plate 65 is in the left collecting chamber 21, and a magnetic core cylinder 42 is arranged on the magnetic core push plate 65. The magnetic core connecting rods 62 are also respectively provided with a left protective cover 63 and a right protective cover 64, and a motion limiter 66 is also arranged on the magnetic core connecting rod 62.

[0035] An airflow auxiliary system 7 is also arranged beside each set of sorting devices 4 . The airflow auxiliary system is arranged on the left sealing plate 13 and the right sealing plate 14 and is located in the sorting chamber 1 .

[0036] When in use, all the sorting devices 4 are started. At this time, the magnetic core assembly makes continuous reciprocating motion in the sorting chamber 1, that is, the magnetic core cylinder 42 pushes the magnetic core push plate 65, so that all the magnetic core connecting rods 62 on the magnetic core push plate 65 move, thereby driving the magnetic core 61 to move continuously in the sorting chamber 1. The unidirectional movement distance of the magnetic core 61 is greater than or equal to the distance between two adjacent collision rings 52 on the magnetic sleeve 51. At this time, the movement of the magnetic core 62 will cause the adsorbed fly ash group on the surface of the magnetic sleeve 51 corresponding to the magnetic core 62 to move. When the adsorbed fly ash group moves on the surface of the magnetic rod, it will adsorb other fly ash particles or fly ash groups that fall on the surface of the magnetic rod. When the adsorbed fly ash group touches the collision ring, it is broken up, most of the fly ash falls from the magnetic rod, and the iron impurities in the fly ash group are directly adsorbed. For better effect, the airflow auxiliary system 7 can be turned on in the sorting chamber 1, and the fly ash in the chamber and on the surface of the magnetic sleeve 51 can be blown away by the airflow auxiliary system 7 to accelerate the breakup of the fly ash and reduce the adhesion of the fly ash. Through the combined action of the sorting device 4 and the airflow auxiliary system 7, the problem of fly ash agglomeration can be basically solved, allowing iron impurities to be exposed and adsorbed by the magnetic sleeve, while reducing the fly ash attached to the magnetic sleeve and reducing the amount of fly ash entering the collection chamber.

[0037] When the surface of the magnetic sleeve in the sorting chamber 1 absorbs sufficient iron impurities, the magnetic sleeve assembly can be allowed to perform single motion in a timed or quantitative manner. At this time, the magnetic sleeve motion cylinder 41 is started, and the right fixed plate 54 and the through plate 57 move simultaneously. The magnetic sleeve 51 with iron impurities absorbed enters the sorting chamber, and a section of the magnetic sleeve 51 without iron impurities enters the sorting chamber 51 collection chamber. Since the magnetic core 62 always moves in the sorting chamber 1, there will always be a section of the magnetic sleeve that can absorb iron impurities as long as it is running. At the same time, due to the continuous movement of the magnetic core connecting rod 62, even if the iron impurities fall from the high sorting device 4, they will not accumulate on the magnetic core connecting rod 62 on the lower sorting device 4.

[0038] In the present application, multiple sets of sorting devices 4 can be provided. Since each set of sorting devices 4 can operate continuously and uninterruptedly and has an automatic cleaning function, the sorting device in the present application has a high iron impurity collection efficiency and a high iron impurity purity.

[0039] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way.

Claims

1. A fly ash magnetic separation system, comprising a separation chamber and collection chambers arranged on both sides of the separation chamber, characterized in that: It comprises at least one set of sorting devices arranged in a sorting chamber and a collecting chamber, the sorting devices comprising a plurality of magnetic rods, the magnetic rods comprising a magnetic core and a magnetic sleeve wrapping the magnetic core, the magnetic core being connected to a magnetic core movement mechanism, the magnetic core continuously reciprocating under the action of the magnetic core movement mechanism, the magnetic sleeve being connected to a magnetic sleeve movement mechanism, a plurality of collision rings being arranged on the magnetic sleeve, the magnetic sleeve reciprocating at intervals under the action of the magnetic sleeve movement mechanism, and an airflow auxiliary system being arranged in the sorting chamber, the airflow auxiliary system blowing air into the sorting chamber; The collision rings are evenly spaced on the magnetic sleeve, and the unidirectional movement distance of the magnetic core is not less than the spacing between adjacent collision rings; The length of the magnetic sleeve is not less than the length of two sorting cavities, and the unidirectional movement distance of the magnetic sleeve is not less than the length of the sorting cavity.

2. A fly ash magnetic separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing plate is arranged between the separation chamber and the collection chamber, and the sealing plate is provided with spacing holes for the magnetic rods to pass through.

3. A fly ash magnetic separation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetic sleeve is provided with a stop ring matched with the spacing hole, and the stop ring is located in the sorting cavity.

4. A fly ash magnetic separation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The airflow auxiliary system is arranged on the sealing plate, and the airflow auxiliary system blows air toward the sorting device.

5. The fly ash magnetic separation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The magnetic core movement mechanism includes a magnetic core cylinder arranged on one side of the collecting cavity and a magnetic core push plate connected to the magnetic core movement cylinder. The magnetic core push plate is provided with a plurality of magnetic core connecting rods, and the magnetic core connecting rods are connected to the magnetic core.

6. A fly ash magnetic separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic sleeve movement mechanism includes a limit rod arranged in the collecting chambers on both sides, a magnetic sleeve push plate is arranged on the limit rod, the magnetic sleeve is arranged between the two magnetic sleeve push plates, and any of the magnetic sleeve push plates is connected to a magnetic sleeve movement cylinder.

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