An all-weather self-powered system for electrochromic glass based on thermoelectrochemical cells

Abstract

This invention discloses a 24 / 7 self-powered system for electrochromic glass based on a thermoelectric chemical cell, belonging to the field of building energy conservation technology. The key feature of this invention is that the thermoelectric chemical cell generates electricity using the indoor-outdoor temperature difference, enabling the electrochromic glass to be self-powered. A control module then adjusts the voltage across the glass to change its light transmittance, effectively replacing the need for external power supply in existing electrochromic glass systems. This saves energy consumption and installation / maintenance costs associated with external power sources, achieving excellent energy-saving and emission-reduction characteristics and economic efficiency. Furthermore, this invention adds a composite phase-change thermal storage material to both ends of the thermoelectric chemical cell, effectively reducing voltage instability caused by temperature fluctuations and enabling 24 / 7 operation. The advantages of this invention are its compact structure, convenient installation, low maintenance costs, and ability to achieve 24 / 7 self-powered electrochromic glass, meeting the needs of building energy conservation, emission reduction, and privacy protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building energy conservation, specifically to an all-weather self-powered system for electrochromic glass based on thermoelectric chemical cells. Background Technology

[0002] Electrochromic glass, which adjusts light transmittance by voltage, is an important technology for reducing indoor solar radiation and thus lowering air conditioning energy consumption. Sunlight consists of 50% visible light, 43% infrared radiation, and 7% ultraviolet radiation; the heat felt by the human body primarily comes from visible and infrared light. When voltage is applied to electrochromic glass, a reversible oxidation-reduction reaction occurs in the glass's internal color-changing layer, altering its absorption and transmittance of visible and infrared light. This effectively blocks most of the solar heat from reaching the outside, lowering indoor temperature and saving on air conditioning energy consumption. This achieves energy conservation and emission reduction in buildings, significantly contributing to reducing building carbon emissions. Furthermore, using electrochromic glass at night effectively protects indoor privacy and security, meeting the need for 24 / 7 operation.

[0003] Existing electrochromic glass requires the application of an external voltage to adjust its light transmittance, resulting in high power consumption and high installation and maintenance costs.

[0004] Therefore, given the known indoor and outdoor temperature difference and solar radiation intensity, including the thermal energy storage capacity of composite phase change thermal storage materials, this invention proposes a novel all-weather self-powered system for electrochromic glass based on a thermoelectric chemical cell. Research results show that phase change thermal storage materials possess a large latent heat within the phase change temperature range, maintaining a constant temperature during continuous heat absorption / release. Furthermore, combining phase change materials with metal foam enhances the material's thermal conductivity, and the porosity of the metal foam affects the thermal storage density and rate. The output voltage of the thermoelectric chemical cell is primarily influenced by the temperature difference between the high-temperature and low-temperature ends; the greater the temperature difference, the higher the output voltage. Additionally, the gel thermoelectric chemical cell eliminates electrolyte leakage issues, requiring no maintenance. The electrochromic glass undergoes a reversible redox reaction under an applied electric field; the higher the voltage, the more vigorous the reaction and the deeper the glass color. Based on the above phenomena, this invention utilizes the temperature difference between the phase change points of the phase change thermal storage materials at the hot and cold ends, and uses a thermoelectric chemical cell to replace the original external DC power to generate electricity through temperature difference, thereby realizing the effective operation of electrochromic glass. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention designs a novel all-weather self-powered system for electrochromic glass based on a thermoelectric chemical cell, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0006] This invention first provides an all-weather self-powered system for electrochromic glass based on a thermoelectric chemical cell, including a thermoelectric chemical cell power supply module, a control module, and an electrochromic glass module;

[0007] The thermoelectric chemical battery power supply module includes a gel thermal battery pack and a gel thermal battery support plate. Both sides of the gel thermal battery pack are equipped with heat-conducting sheets, a composite phase change thermal storage material, and heat-absorbing sheets from the inside out. The heat-absorbing sheets convert light energy into heat energy while absorbing heat energy from the environment and transferring it to the composite phase change thermal storage material. The composite phase change thermal storage material stores the heat energy transferred by the heat-absorbing sheets and provides heat energy to the gel thermal battery pack. The heat-conducting sheets transfer the heat energy from the composite phase change thermal storage material to the gel thermal battery pack. The gel thermal battery pack generates electrical energy based on temperature differences. The gel thermal battery support plate serves as the frame of the thermoelectric chemical battery power supply module, housing the gel thermal battery pack. The side of the gel thermal battery pack with a higher temperature is the hot end, and the other side is the cold end.

[0008] The control module is used to collect data on indoor and outdoor light intensity and indoor and outdoor temperature, and to boost and stabilize the voltage converted by the thermoelectric chemical battery power supply module. Based on external remote control commands or collected data, the boosted and stabilized voltage is adjusted and applied to both ends of the electrochromic glass module.

[0009] The electrochromic glass module is used to change the transmittance according to the voltage applied to both ends of the electrochromic glass module by the control module.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gel thermoelectric battery pack includes multiple pairs of gel thermoelectric batteries, each pair including a P-type gel thermoelectric battery and an N-type gel thermoelectric battery connected in series; the gel thermoelectric battery support plate has a cavity for placing the gel thermoelectric batteries; the cavity isolates each gel thermoelectric battery, while increasing the thermal resistance around the gel thermoelectric battery and reducing the heat transfer performance around the gel thermoelectric battery, thereby improving the effective temperature difference between the two ends of the gel thermoelectric battery.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composite phase change thermal storage material is sealed between the heat-absorbing sheet and the heat-conducting sheet by a sealing frame; the composite phase change thermal storage material is obtained by combining a thermally conductive foam material and a phase change material; the thermally conductive foam material is one of copper foam, aluminum foam, iron foam, nickel foam, graphite foam, high-resilience polyurethane foam, and melamine foam; and the phase change material is one of fatty acid, polyol, paraffin wax, eutectic material, and inorganic hydrated salt.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control module includes a DC-DC boost regulator unit, a variable voltage output unit, a light intensity and temperature data acquisition unit, and a control panel; the DC-DC boost regulator unit is used to boost the voltage output by the thermoelectrochemical cell power supply module to a stable voltage; the variable voltage output unit is used to adjust the output voltage of the control module, i.e., the voltage applied across the electrochromic glass; the light intensity and temperature data acquisition unit is used to collect data on indoor and outdoor light intensity and indoor and outdoor temperature, and transmit the collected data to the control panel; the control panel is used to receive external remote control commands or data transmitted by the light intensity and temperature data acquisition unit and control the variable voltage output unit to adjust the voltage.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for controlling electrochromic glass based on the above-mentioned all-weather self-powered electrochromic glass system, comprising the following steps:

[0014] 1) The heat absorber converts light energy into heat energy while absorbing heat energy from the environment and transferring the heat energy to the composite phase change thermal storage material;

[0015] 2) When the heat absorber transfers heat energy, the composite phase change thermal storage material receives the heat energy transferred by the heat absorber and heats up to the phase change temperature point. After that, it maintains a constant temperature and continues to receive heat energy transferred by the heat absorber to undergo phase change. When the heat absorber does not transfer heat energy, the composite phase change thermal storage material maintains a constant temperature and dissipates heat to the environment to undergo phase change. In addition, the composite phase change thermal storage material provides the thermal energy required for power generation to the thermoelectric battery pack in real time through the heat conduction plate. 3) The thermoelectric battery pack receives the transferred heat energy and converts it into electrical energy. The thermoelectric battery pack then transmits the generated electrical energy to the control module.

[0016] 4) The control module boosts and stabilizes the supplied power and collects data on indoor and outdoor light intensity and temperature. Based on external remote control commands or the collected data, it adjusts the boosted and stabilized voltage and applies it to both ends of the electrochromic glass. The electrochromic glass module changes the transmittance according to the voltage applied to both ends of the electrochromic glass.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, under sunlight, solar radiation shines on the heat-absorbing sheet facing the outside in the thermoelectric chemical cell module. The heat-absorbing sheet absorbs the solar radiation and converts it into heat energy, which is then transferred to the composite phase change thermal storage material. When the ambient temperature is higher than the temperature of the composite phase change thermal storage material, the heat-absorbing sheet also absorbs heat energy from the environment and transfers it to the composite phase change thermal storage material. Under no sunlight and when the ambient temperature is higher than the temperature of the composite phase change thermal storage material, the heat-absorbing sheet only absorbs heat energy from the environment and transfers it to the composite phase change thermal storage material.

[0018] The composite phase change thermal storage material rapidly absorbs heat and heats up to its respective phase change temperature point, then maintains a constant temperature and continues to receive heat energy transferred by the heat-absorbing sheet to undergo phase change; the composite phase change thermal storage material also provides the thermal energy required for power generation to the thermoelectric battery pack in real time through the heat-conducting sheet.

[0019] When there is no light and the ambient temperature is lower than the temperature of the composite phase change thermal storage material, the composite phase change thermal storage material maintains a constant temperature and dissipates heat to the environment through the heat absorption plate to undergo phase change. At the same time, the composite phase change thermal storage material continues to transfer heat energy to the thermoelectric battery pack through the heat transfer plate.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control module includes automatic detection control and external command control;

[0021] Specifically, the automatic detection and control includes:

[0022] When the control module detects that the outdoor light intensity is greater than the set value and the indoor temperature is greater than or equal to the set value, it adjusts the boosted and regulated voltage to increase the voltage applied across the electrochromic glass, thereby reducing the light transmittance of the electrochromic glass.

[0023] When the control module detects that the indoor temperature is lower than the set value or the indoor light intensity is lower than the set value, it adjusts the boosted and regulated voltage to reduce the voltage applied across the electrochromic glass, thereby increasing the light transmittance of the electrochromic glass.

[0024] External command control specifically refers to:

[0025] The light transmittance of the electrochromic glass can be set by an external remote control command. After receiving the external remote control command, the control module directly adjusts the voltage applied to both ends of the electrochromic glass so that the light transmittance of the electrochromic glass reaches the set value. If the external command control mode is not locked after selection, it will enter the automatic control mode after a set time.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are:

[0027] 1) This invention achieves self-powered operation based on ambient temperature difference power generation, which is more energy-efficient than existing electrochromic glass that requires external power to operate, and effectively utilizes solar energy, a clean energy source.

[0028] 2) The present invention uses composite phase change thermal storage materials at both the hot and cold ends, which enables the power supply module to work stably for a long time within a constant temperature difference range, and enables the electrochromic glass to work stably and self-powered around the clock.

[0029] 3) The power supply module of this invention is integrated with the electrochromic glass, which facilitates installation and maintenance. Existing power supply methods use a dedicated transformer to convert 220V AC power into the low-voltage DC power required by the glass, and then connect it to both ends of the glass via wires, resulting in significant installation and maintenance costs.

[0030] 4) The power generation module of this invention occupies little space, has high energy density, and only requires an ambient temperature difference to generate electricity, making it less dependent on sunlight. Furthermore, it utilizes a gel thermoelectric cell, eliminating the risk of leakage. Existing self-powered photochromic glass for photovoltaic power generation has a large footprint, low photoelectric conversion efficiency, and is greatly affected by sunlight. Compared to self-powered photochromic glass for photovoltaic power generation, this invention is stable and reliable, less affected by climate, and has low maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the all-weather self-powered system for electrochromic glass based on thermoelectric chemical cells when the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the all-weather self-powered system for electrochromic glass based on thermoelectric chemical cells when the indoor temperature is higher than the outdoor temperature.

[0033] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of an environmental temperature difference power generation module based on phase change thermal storage and thermoelectric chemical cells.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of an environmental temperature difference power generation module based on phase change thermal storage and thermoelectric chemical cells.

[0035] Figure 5 It is an integrated, self-powered electrochromic glass product.

[0036] Figure 6 This is the control strategy logic diagram of the control module.

[0037] In the diagram, 1-Indoor-facing heat absorber; 2-Cold-end phase change material sealing frame; 3-Cold-end heat transfer plate; 4-Cold-end thermally conductive silicone sheet; 5-Cold-end nickel electrode; 6-Gel thermoelectric battery support plate; 7-Hot-end nickel electrode; 8-Hot-end thermally conductive silicone sheet; 9-Hot-end heat transfer plate; 10-Hot-end phase change material sealing frame; 11-Outdoor-facing heat absorber; 12-Cold-end composite phase change thermal storage material; 13-Thermoelectric chemical battery pack; 14-Hot-end composite phase change thermal storage material; 15-Nut; 16-Bolt; 17-Support frame; 18-Electrochromic glass module; 19-Thermoelectric chemical battery power supply module; 20-Control module; 21-P-type gel thermoelectric chemical battery; 22-N-type gel thermoelectric chemical battery. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described and illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. The embodiments described are merely examples of the content of this disclosure and do not limit the scope of the invention. The technical features of each embodiment in the present invention can be combined accordingly, provided that there is no mutual conflict.

[0039] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, this invention proposes an all-weather self-powered system for electrochromic glass based on a thermoelectric cell. The system includes an electrochromic glass module 18, a thermoelectric cell power supply module 19, and a control module 20. As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the entire system can be integrated into a single window, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 5 The thermoelectric chemical cell power supply module 19 is embedded in the support frame 17, providing one-to-one all-weather self-powered power to the electrochromic glass module 18. This is commonly used in residential applications, but is only presented as a reference for an integrated design. Alternatively, the electrochromic glass module 18 can be separated from the thermoelectric chemical cell power supply module 19. The thermoelectric chemical cell power supply module can simultaneously provide all-weather self-powered power to change the color of multiple electrochromic glass panels, and is commonly used in glass curtain walls.

[0041] Specifically, the thermoelectric cell power supply module 19 has one end facing outdoors and the other end facing indoors, obtaining a certain voltage through thermoelectric conversion based on the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor environments. According to the Seebeck effect, the greater the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors, the greater the voltage obtained through thermoelectric conversion. The thermoelectric cell power supply module 19 is connected to the control module 20. The control module 20 first boosts and stabilizes the voltage obtained through thermoelectric conversion to eliminate voltage fluctuations caused by temperature fluctuations between indoors and outdoors. Then, according to user needs, it adjusts the appropriate output voltage and applies it to both ends of the electrochromic glass module 18. By adjusting the voltage, it controls the change in glass transmittance, thereby controlling the amount of heat transmitted from sunlight into the room.

[0042] Furthermore, this invention can achieve all-weather self-powered operation. For example... Figure 1 and 2As shown, during the day, solar radiation shines on the outdoor-facing heat-absorbing sheet 11 in the thermoelectric cell module 19. The cold-end composite phase change thermal energy storage material 12 and the hot-end composite phase change thermal energy storage material 14 rapidly absorb heat and rise to their respective phase change temperature points, maintaining a constant temperature and undergoing heat absorption and phase change. The thermoelectric cell group 13, consisting of P-type gel thermoelectric cells 21 and N-type gel thermoelectric cells 22 connected in series at intervals in the thermoelectric cell module 19, converts to a relatively constant voltage under a constant temperature difference between the hot and cold ends. The control module 20 applies the required voltage to both ends of the electrochromic glass module 18 to control the light transmittance of the glass, reduce the solar heat transmitted into the room, lower the indoor temperature, save air conditioning power consumption, and achieve better building energy-saving effects. At night, the cold-end composite phase change thermal energy storage material 12 and the hot-end composite phase change thermal energy storage material 14 release heat and undergo phase change at their phase change temperature points, but still maintain a basically constant temperature difference between the two ends of the battery, allowing the system to operate for a longer period of time at night, achieving a better privacy protection effect.

[0043] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the all-weather self-powered thermoelectric cell module consists of a heat-absorbing sheet, a heat-transferring sheet, a hot-end composite phase change thermal storage material 14, a hot-end acrylic sealing frame 10, a thermally conductive and insulating silicone sheet, nickel electrodes, a thermoelectric cell assembly 13, a gel thermoelectric cell support plate 6, a cold-end composite phase change thermal storage material 12, and a cold-end acrylic sealing frame 2. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the power supply core module consists of eighteen thermoelectric cell pairs. Each cell pair consists of one P-type gel thermoelectric cell 21 and one N-type gel thermoelectric cell 22. The gel thermoelectric cells are placed in each slot of the gel thermoelectric cell support plate 6, and the eighteen pairs of gel thermoelectric cells are connected in series on both sides using nickel electrodes. Both ends of the thermoelectric cell are equipped with a composite phase change thermal storage material made of foamed metal and phase change material. The composite phase change thermal storage material is sealed in an acrylic sealing frame by a copper plate with a blackened surface and a heat transfer copper plate. The copper plates facing indoors and outdoors are coated with black paint to enhance surface absorption. The two heat transfer copper plates facing the thermoelectric cell are covered with thermally conductive silicone sheets to ensure insulation and low thermal resistance. Finally, the entire device is tightened with four pairs of nuts 15 and screws 16 to ensure good overall heat transfer performance.

[0044] Furthermore, the stable and effective long-term operation is related to the type and amount of cold-end composite phase change thermal storage material 12 and hot-end composite phase change thermal storage material 14. Selecting a phase change thermal storage material with a higher enthalpy value and increasing the amount of cold-end phase change material can extend the duration of stable operation during the phase change temperature period.

[0045] Under sunlight, solar radiation shines on the heat-absorbing sheet facing outward in the thermoelectric cell module. The heat-absorbing sheet absorbs the solar radiation and converts it into heat energy, which is then transferred to the composite phase change thermal storage material. Furthermore, when the ambient temperature is higher than the temperature of the composite phase change thermal storage material, the heat-absorbing sheet also absorbs heat energy from the environment and transfers it to the composite phase change thermal storage material. Under no sunlight and when the ambient temperature is higher than the temperature of the composite phase change thermal storage material, the heat-absorbing sheet only absorbs heat energy from the environment and transfers it to the composite phase change thermal storage material.

[0046] The composite phase change thermal storage material rapidly absorbs heat and heats up to its respective phase change temperature point, then maintains a constant temperature and continues to receive heat energy transferred by the heat-absorbing sheet to undergo phase change; the composite phase change thermal storage material also provides the thermal energy required for power generation to the thermoelectric battery pack in real time through the heat-conducting sheet.

[0047] When there is no light and the ambient temperature is lower than the temperature of the composite phase change thermal storage material, the composite phase change thermal storage material maintains a constant temperature and dissipates heat to the environment through the heat absorption plate to undergo phase change; the composite phase change thermal storage material also continues to transfer heat energy to the thermoelectric battery pack through the heat transfer plate.

[0048] The thermoelectric chemical battery pack internally circulates an oxidation-reduction reaction, converting thermal energy into electrical energy. The generated electrical energy is then transmitted to the control module, which boosts and stabilizes the transmitted electrical energy and collects data on indoor and outdoor light intensity and temperature. Based on external remote control commands or the collected data, the boosted and stabilized voltage is adjusted and applied to both ends of the electrochromic glass. The electrochromic glass module changes its transmittance according to the voltage applied to both ends of the electrochromic glass.

[0049] The control module includes a DC-DC boost regulator unit, a variable voltage output unit, a light intensity and temperature data acquisition unit, and a control panel. The DC-DC boost regulator unit boosts the voltage output from the thermoelectric cell power supply module to a stable voltage. The variable voltage output unit adjusts the output voltage of the control module, i.e., the voltage applied across the electrochromic glass. The light intensity and temperature data acquisition unit collects data on indoor and outdoor light intensity and temperature, and transmits the collected data to the control panel. The control panel receives external remote control commands or data transmitted from the light intensity and temperature data acquisition unit and controls the variable voltage output unit to adjust the voltage. (See attached image) Figure 6As shown, the control module 20 can be divided into two control modes: manual control and automatic control. Automatic control involves measuring the indoor temperature and light intensity using a light intensity and temperature data acquisition device. When the acquired data exceeds a set upper limit, the voltage across the glass is increased to reduce light transmittance; conversely, when the acquired data is below a set lower limit, the voltage across the glass is decreased to increase light transmittance. When the light intensity and temperature data acquisition device detects that the outdoor light intensity is greater than a set value and the indoor temperature is greater than or equal to a set value, the variable voltage output unit adjusts the boosted and regulated voltage, increasing the voltage applied across the electrochromic glass to reduce its light transmittance. Conversely, when the light intensity and temperature data acquisition device detects that the indoor temperature is less than a set value or the indoor light intensity is less than a set value, the variable voltage output unit adjusts the boosted and regulated voltage, decreasing the voltage applied across the electrochromic glass to increase its light transmittance.

[0050] Manual control is achieved by adjusting the panel knob or using remote program control. The light transmittance of the electrochromic glass is set via external remote control commands. After receiving the external remote control commands, the control module directly adjusts the voltage applied to both ends of the electrochromic glass to make the light transmittance of the electrochromic glass reach the set value. If the manual control mode is not locked after selection, it will enter the automatic control mode after 30 seconds.

[0051] Existing electrochromic glass, requiring external power supply, would consume 15.33 billion kWh annually nationwide, excluding equipment losses, based on 12 hours of daily operation. This equates to 4.17 million tons of carbon emissions, with the corresponding external power supply equipment costing 20 yuan per meter. This proposed solution utilizes thermoelectric chemical cells to replace external power supply equipment, generating electricity through the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor spaces, achieving self-powering for the electrochromic glass. This results in zero carbon emissions, zero emissions, and an integrated structural design with no external equipment costs. In contrast, existing photovoltaic self-powered technologies have high maintenance costs, approximately 0.33 yuan per watt; this solution theoretically has zero maintenance costs.

[0052] Existing thermoelectric self-powered technologies rely on the temperature difference between the glass surface and the indoor environment as the source of heat energy for thermoelectric conversion. This results in low utilization of ambient heat energy, limiting its application to weather conditions with significant temperature differences between indoors and outdoors, and making it highly susceptible to fluctuations in external temperature. In contrast, this solution utilizes an embedded arrangement of thermoelectric chemical battery power supply modules, directly leveraging outdoor solar radiation and ambient heat energy. This leads to higher heat energy utilization, and the presence of composite phase change thermal storage materials on both sides of the thermoelectric chemical battery pack ensures stable power supply around the clock.

[0053] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-powered all-weather electrochromic glass system based on a thermoelectric chemical cell, characterized in that, This includes a thermoelectric chemical cell power supply module, a control module, and an electrochromic glass module; The thermoelectric chemical battery power supply module includes a gel thermal battery pack and a gel thermal battery support plate. Both sides of the gel thermal battery pack are provided with heat-conducting sheets, a composite phase change thermal storage material, and heat-absorbing sheets from the inside out. The heat-absorbing sheets convert solar energy into heat energy while absorbing heat energy from the environment and transferring it to the composite phase change thermal storage material. The composite phase change thermal storage material stores the heat energy transferred by the heat-absorbing sheets and provides heat energy to the gel thermal battery pack. The heat-conducting sheets transfer the heat energy from the composite phase change thermal storage material to the gel thermal battery pack. The gel thermal battery pack generates electrical energy based on temperature differences. The gel thermal battery support plate serves as the frame of the thermoelectric chemical battery power supply module and is used to house the gel thermal battery pack. The control module is used to collect data on indoor and outdoor light intensity and indoor and outdoor temperature, and to boost and stabilize the voltage converted by the thermoelectric chemical battery power supply module. Based on external remote control commands or collected data, the boosted and stabilized voltage is adjusted and applied to both ends of the electrochromic glass module. The electrochromic glass module is used to change the transmittance according to the voltage applied to both ends of the electrochromic glass module by the control module.

2. The all-weather self-powered electrochromic glass system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gel thermoelectric battery pack includes multiple pairs of gel thermoelectric cells, each pair of gel thermoelectric cells including a P-type gel thermoelectric cell and an N-type gel thermoelectric cell connected in series; the gel thermoelectric battery support plate has a cavity for placing the gel thermoelectric cells. The cavity isolates each gel thermoelectric cell, while increasing the thermal resistance around the gel thermoelectric cell and reducing the heat transfer performance around the gel thermoelectric cell, thereby improving the effective temperature difference between the two ends of the gel thermoelectric cell.

3. The all-weather self-powered electrochromic glass system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite phase change thermal storage material is sealed between the heat-absorbing sheet and the heat-conducting sheet by a sealing frame; the composite phase change thermal storage material is obtained by combining thermally conductive foam material and phase change material.

4. The all-weather self-powered electrochromic glass system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thermally conductive foam material is one of copper foam, aluminum foam, iron foam, nickel foam, graphite foam, high-resilience polyurethane foam, and melamine foam, and the phase change material is one of fatty acids, polyols, paraffin wax, eutectic materials, and inorganic hydrated salts.

5. The all-weather self-powered electrochromic glass system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the heat absorber facing outward is coated with a high-absorption coating to enhance the absorption rate of sunlight on the surface of the heat absorber.

6. The all-weather self-powered electrochromic glass system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module includes a DC-DC boost regulator unit, a variable voltage output unit, a light intensity and temperature data acquisition unit, and a control panel. The DC-DC boost regulator unit boosts the voltage output from the thermoelectrochemical cell power supply module to a stable voltage. The variable voltage output unit adjusts the output voltage of the control module, i.e., the voltage applied across the electrochromic glass. The light intensity and temperature data acquisition unit collects data on indoor and outdoor light intensity and temperature, and transmits the collected data to the control panel. The control panel receives external remote control commands or data transmitted from the light intensity and temperature data acquisition unit and controls the variable voltage output unit to adjust the voltage.

7. The all-weather self-powered electrochromic glass system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrochromic glass all-weather self-powered system also includes a support frame; the thermoelectric chemical cell power supply module, control module and electrochromic glass module are all embedded in the support frame; the electrochromic glass module includes several electrochromic glasses, and the thermoelectric chemical cell power supply module simultaneously realizes all-weather self-powered supply for several electrochromic glasses.

8. A method for controlling electrochromic glass based on the all-weather self-powered electrochromic glass system of claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) The heat absorber converts solar energy into thermal energy while absorbing thermal energy from the environment and transferring the thermal energy to the composite phase change thermal storage material; 2) When the heat absorber transfers heat energy, the composite phase change thermal storage material receives the heat energy transferred by the heat absorber and heats up to the phase change temperature point. After that, it maintains a constant temperature and continues to receive heat energy transferred by the heat absorber to undergo phase change. When the heat absorber does not transfer heat energy, the composite phase change thermal storage material maintains a constant temperature and dissipates heat to the environment to undergo phase change. In addition, the composite phase change thermal storage material provides the thermal energy required for power generation to the thermoelectric chemical battery pack in real time through the heat conduction plate. 3) The thermoelectric battery pack receives and transfers heat energy and converts it into electrical energy. The thermoelectric battery pack then transmits the generated electrical energy to the control module. 4) The control module boosts and stabilizes the supplied power and collects data on indoor and outdoor light intensity and temperature. Based on external remote control commands or the collected data, it adjusts the boosted and stabilized voltage and applies it to both ends of the electrochromic glass module. The electrochromic glass module changes its transmittance according to the voltage applied to both ends of the electrochromic glass module.

9. The method for controlling photochromic glass according to claim 8, characterized in that, Under sunlight, solar radiation shines on the heat-absorbing plate facing outward in the thermoelectric cell module. The heat-absorbing plate absorbs the solar radiation and converts it into heat energy, which is then transferred to the composite phase change thermal storage material. When the ambient temperature is higher than the temperature of the composite phase change thermal storage material, the heat-absorbing plate also absorbs heat energy from the environment and transfers it to the composite phase change thermal storage material. Under no sunlight and when the ambient temperature is higher than the temperature of the composite phase change thermal storage material, the heat-absorbing plate only absorbs heat energy from the environment and transfers it to the composite phase change thermal storage material. The composite phase change thermal storage material rapidly absorbs heat and heats up to its respective phase change temperature point, then maintains a constant temperature and continues to receive heat energy transferred by the heat-absorbing sheet to undergo phase change; the composite phase change thermal storage material also provides the thermal energy required for power generation to the thermoelectric battery pack in real time through the heat-conducting sheet. When there is no light and the ambient temperature is lower than that of the composite phase change thermal storage material, the composite phase change thermal storage material maintains a constant temperature and dissipates heat to the environment through the heat absorption plate to undergo phase change. At the same time, the composite phase change thermal storage material continues to transfer heat energy to the thermoelectric battery pack through the heat transfer plate.

10. The method for controlling photochromic glass according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control module includes automatic detection control and external command control; Specifically, the automatic detection and control includes: When the control module detects that the outdoor light intensity is greater than the set value and the indoor temperature is greater than or equal to the set value, it adjusts the boosted and regulated voltage to increase the voltage applied across the electrochromic glass, thereby reducing the light transmittance of the electrochromic glass. When the control module detects that the indoor temperature is lower than the set value or the indoor light intensity is lower than the set value, it adjusts the boosted and regulated voltage to reduce the voltage applied across the electrochromic glass, thereby increasing the light transmittance of the electrochromic glass. External command control specifically refers to: The light transmittance of the electrochromic glass can be set by an external remote control command. After receiving the external remote control command, the control module directly adjusts the voltage applied to both ends of the electrochromic glass so that the light transmittance of the electrochromic glass reaches the set value. If the external command control mode is not locked after selection, it will enter the automatic control mode after a set time.

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