Grid modeling method, system, equipment and storage medium based on fault-controlled reservoir

Abstract

The present invention discloses a grating modeling method, system, device, and storage medium based on a fault-controlled reservoir. The method comprises: extracting multiple truncated data within a truncation interval from a structural tensor seismic attribute body based on seismic data in a study area, and constructing a three-dimensional model of a fracture surface contour based on the multiple truncated data; performing a first-layer characterization of the three-dimensional fracture surface contour model based on characteristic information corresponding to the bedrock zone to obtain a bedrock zone model; performing a second-layer characterization of the bedrock zone model based on the development frequency and development scale of the fracture zone to obtain a bedrock zone-fracture zone model; determining the development scale of any location in the breccia zone based on the actual development scale of any location in the fracture zone, and performing a third-layer characterization of the bedrock zone-fracture zone model based on the development scale of any location in the breccia zone and trend line constraints to obtain a three-dimensional model of a grating structure of the fracture surface. The present invention incorporates the application of multiple data and adopts a hierarchical modeling method to achieve a detailed characterization of the filling material inside the fracture surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, and in particular to a grid modeling method, system, equipment and storage medium based on a fault-controlled reservoir. Background Art

[0002] Geological modeling technology has emerged to quantitatively characterize the three-dimensional spatial distribution of oil and gas reservoir parameters. With the continuous advancement of reservoir geological theory and computer technology, geological understanding and mathematical methods have gradually merged, driving the development of geological modeling technology towards a more refined and quantitative approach. Traditional deterministic modeling techniques primarily rely on kriging interpolation to calculate the distribution of reservoir parameters between wells. However, due to the uniqueness of interpolation results, these methods may not fully reflect the complexity of the actual reservoir, thus presenting certain limitations.

[0003] The exploration and development of deep to ultra-deep carbonate oil and gas reservoirs presents a host of technical challenges. The immense depths of these reservoirs result in relatively high formation temperatures and pressures. Furthermore, their geological processes of formation are extremely complex, and the reservoirs are highly heterogeneous. These factors limit the amount of data available and their quality is variable. Traditional multi-point geostatistical modeling approaches are insufficiently adapted to these challenges and struggle to fully fulfill their potential.

[0004] When dealing with fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs, especially those affected by intense later transformations, the situation becomes much more complex. These reservoirs feature an interlaced distribution of multiple, multi-scale discrete media, resulting in significant heterogeneity, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty of modeling. Although existing literature has reported on 3D geological modeling of fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs, including classification and scaling modeling under geological and seismic constraints, multivariate constrained stochastic modeling, and classification and scaling modeling based on karst pattern constraints, these methods have improved the characterization accuracy of fractured-vuggy reservoirs to a certain extent, providing support for oilfield production applications. However, these methods remain insufficient for the specific conditions of the Shunbei Oilfield in the Tarim Basin. Compared to the dissolution pores and vugs of fault-karst bodies, these reservoirs are smaller in scale, exhibit greater heterogeneity, and have more complex connectivity. These characteristics pose significant challenges to reservoir development.

[0005] Therefore, how to achieve fine characterization of the filling material inside the fracture surface has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0006] The above content is only used to assist in understanding the technical solution of the present invention and does not constitute an admission that the above content is prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a grid modeling method, system, equipment and storage medium based on fault-controlled reservoirs, aiming to solve the technical problem of how to achieve fine characterization of the filling material inside the fracture surface.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a palisade modeling method based on a fault-controlled reservoir, the palisade modeling method based on a fault-controlled reservoir comprising:

[0009] Determine the structural tensor seismic attribute volume based on the seismic data of the study area;

[0010] Extracting a plurality of truncation data within a truncation interval from the structural tensor seismic attribute body, and constructing a three-dimensional model of a fracture surface contour based on the plurality of truncation data;

[0011] According to the characteristic information corresponding to the bedrock zone, the three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour is depicted in one layer to obtain a bedrock zone model;

[0012] The characteristic information corresponding to the fracture zone and the characteristic information corresponding to the breccia zone are integrated to obtain the characteristic information of the broken zone, and the development frequency and scale of the broken zone at the position with the maximum thickness of the fracture surface are determined based on the characteristic information of the broken zone;

[0013] Performing a two-layer characterization of the bedrock zone model according to the development frequency and development scale of the fracture zone to obtain a bedrock zone-fracture zone model;

[0014] The development scale of any part of the breccia zone is determined according to the actual development scale of any part of the fracture zone, and the bedrock zone-fragmentation zone model is characterized in three layers according to the development scale of any part of the breccia zone and the trend line constraint to obtain a three-dimensional model of the grating structure of the fracture surface.

[0015] Optionally, before the step of extracting a plurality of truncated data within a truncation interval from the structural tensor seismic attribute volume, the method further comprises:

[0016] Obtaining a fracture surface cutoff value of the structure tensor seismic attribute body according to a response of a lost circulation and a blowdown position in the structure tensor seismic attribute body according to a well logging interpretation conclusion, and determining a cutoff maximum value of the structure tensor seismic attribute body in a global range;

[0017] The truncation interval range is determined according to the fracture surface truncation value and the truncation maximum value.

[0018] Optionally, the step of determining the development frequency and scale of the broken zone at the position of maximum fracture surface thickness based on the characteristic information of the broken zone includes:

[0019] Determining a plurality of cross-sectional trend lines of the fracture surface according to the three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour, and determining a maximum thickness value of the actual reservoir according to the plurality of cross-sectional trend lines;

[0020] Determine an actual development scale interval using a preset scale formula according to the maximum thickness of the reservoir, the number of development lines per 100 meters, and the development scale of each line per 100 meters, wherein the actual development scale interval includes multiple actual development scale values;

[0021] The preset scale formula is:

[0022]

[0023] Where x_s is the number of development strips per 100 meters, y_s is the development scale of each strip in 100 meters, L_max is the maximum thickness of the actual reservoir, y_r is the actual development scale interval, y_1 is the actual development scale when the number of development strips remains unchanged, and x_1 is the actual number of development strips when the development scale remains unchanged;

[0024] According to the actual development scale interval, actual development numbers corresponding to a plurality of actual development scale values ​​are respectively selected from the well logging data statistical table;

[0025] Determine a cumulative probability curve according to multiple actual development scale values ​​and multiple actual development numbers;

[0026] The frequency and scale of the development of the broken zone at the position with the maximum thickness of the fracture surface are obtained by sampling from the cumulative probability curve according to the characteristic information of the broken zone.

[0027] Optionally, the step of determining a cumulative probability curve according to a plurality of actual development scale values ​​and a plurality of actual development numbers includes:

[0028] Construct a frequency histogram based on multiple actual development scale values ​​and multiple actual development bar numbers;

[0029] A cumulative probability curve is established based on the frequency histogram.

[0030] Optionally, the step of performing a two-layer characterization of the bedrock zone model according to the development frequency and development scale of the fracture zone to obtain a bedrock zone-fracture zone model includes:

[0031] According to the development scale of the fracture zone, the maximum thickness of the reservoir, the actual thickness of any point of the reservoir and the maximum relative distance from the intercept trend line, the actual relative distance between any point of the fracture zone and the intercept trend line and the actual development scale of any point of the fracture zone are obtained by a position determination formula;

[0032] The position determination formula is:

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] Where D_max is the maximum relative distance from the intercept trend line, L_real is the actual thickness of any point in the reservoir, y_max is the actual development scale of the broken zone at the maximum thickness of the reservoir, D_real is the relative distance from any point in the broken zone to the intercept trend line, and y_real is the actual development scale of any point in the broken zone;

[0036] Determine the development coordinates of the broken zone according to the actual relative distance between any point of the broken zone and the intercept trend line and the actual development scale of any point of the broken zone;

[0037] The bedrock zone model is characterized in two layers according to the development coordinates of the fracture zone and the development frequency of the fracture zone to obtain a bedrock zone-fragmentation zone model.

[0038] Optionally, the step of determining the development scale of any location in the breccia zone based on the actual development scale of any location in the fracture zone includes:

[0039] According to the actual development scale at any point in the fracture zone, the development scale at any point in the breccia zone can be obtained by using the arbitrary scale formula;

[0040] The arbitrary scale formula is:

[0041]

[0042] Where JL_std is the thickness of the breccia zone in the 100-meter development model, P_std is the thickness of the crushed zone in the 100-meter development model, and JL_real is the development scale of the breccia zone at any point.

[0043] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention further proposes a palisade modeling system based on a fault-controlled reservoir, the palisade modeling system based on a fault-controlled reservoir comprising:

[0044] A determination module is used to determine the structural tensor seismic attribute volume based on the seismic data of the study area;

[0045] A construction module is used to extract a plurality of truncation data within a truncation interval from the structural tensor seismic attribute body, and to construct a three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour according to the plurality of truncation data;

[0046] A characterization module is used to characterize the three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour layer according to the characteristic information corresponding to the bedrock zone to obtain a bedrock zone model;

[0047] a calculation module for fusing characteristic information corresponding to the fracture zone and the characteristic information corresponding to the breccia zone to obtain characteristic information of the broken zone, and determining the frequency and scale of the broken zone development at the position of maximum fracture surface thickness based on the characteristic information of the broken zone;

[0048] The characterization module is further configured to perform a two-layer characterization on the bedrock zone model according to the development frequency and development scale of the fracture zone to obtain a bedrock zone-fracture zone model;

[0049] The characterization module is also used to determine the development scale of any point in the breccia zone based on the actual development scale of any point in the fracture zone, and to perform three-layer characterization of the bedrock zone-fragmentation zone model based on the development scale of any point in the breccia zone and trend line constraints to obtain a three-dimensional model of the fracture surface grating structure.

[0050] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also proposes a grid modeling device based on a fault-controlled reservoir, the device comprising: a memory, a processor, and a grid modeling program based on a fault-controlled reservoir stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the grid modeling program based on a fault-controlled reservoir being configured to implement the steps of the grid modeling method based on a fault-controlled reservoir as described above.

[0051] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also proposes a storage medium, on which a grating modeling program based on a fault-controlled reservoir is stored. When the grating modeling program based on a fault-controlled reservoir is executed by a processor, the steps of the grating modeling method based on a fault-controlled reservoir as described above are implemented.

[0052] The present invention first determines a structural tensor seismic attribute body based on the seismic data of the study area, then extracts multiple truncation data within the truncation interval from the structural tensor seismic attribute body, and constructs a three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour based on the multiple truncation data, and performs a first-layer characterization of the three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour according to the characteristic information corresponding to the bedrock zone to obtain a bedrock zone model, and then fuses the characteristic information corresponding to the fracture zone and the characteristic information corresponding to the breccia zone to obtain the characteristic information of the broken zone, and determines the development frequency and development scale of the broken zone at the position with the maximum thickness of the fracture surface according to the characteristic information of the broken zone, and performs a two-layer characterization of the bedrock zone model according to the development frequency and development scale of the broken zone to obtain a bedrock zone-broken zone model, and finally determines the development scale of any point of the breccia zone according to the actual development scale of any point of the broken zone, and performs a three-layer characterization of the bedrock zone-broken zone model according to the development scale of any point of the breccia zone and the trend line constraint to obtain a three-dimensional model of the grating structure of the fracture surface. The present invention selects attribute cutoff thresholds for seismic attribute bodies with obvious fracture response characteristics in combination with actual drilling leakage and venting positions, characterizes the external contour model of the fracture surface, uses outcrop data, core sampling data and other data to clarify the internal development pattern of the fracture surface and establish a 100-meter development pattern map of the fracture surface, uses a regional growth tracking algorithm to determine the development trend line of the contour model, and uses the development pattern map as a guide to determine the actual development scale through cumulative probability sampling. A hierarchical simulation approach is adopted, with the bedrock zone as the first level and the contour model as a constraint to establish a bedrock model globally; the broken zone as the second level, with the trend line and development scale as constraints, characterizes the broken zone on the basis of the bedrock zone model, and establishes a bedrock-broken zone model; the breccia zone and the fracture zone as the third level, similar to the broken zone modeling process, characterizes the breccia zone inside the broken zone, and the remaining non-breccia zone parts of the broken zone are used as fracture zones, thereby establishing a fine three-dimensional geological model of the fracture surface, which is more consistent with the actual geological conditions and can be better used in reservoir engineering research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a grid-like modeling device based on a fault-controlled reservoir in a hardware operating environment according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a first embodiment of the palisade modeling method based on a fault-controlled reservoir according to the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the fracture surface contour model of the study area according to the first embodiment of the palisade modeling method based on the fault-controlled reservoir of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the hundred-meter development pattern of the grid cluster inside the fracture surface of the first embodiment of the grid modeling method based on the fault-controlled reservoir of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5A schematic diagram of fracture surface trend line tracing according to the first embodiment of the palisade modeling method for a fault-controlled reservoir according to the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of scale sampling of the fracture surface grid cluster development in the first embodiment of the grid modeling method based on the fault-controlled reservoir of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fracture surface modeling results of the first embodiment of the palisade modeling method based on the fault-controlled reservoir of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of the first embodiment of the grid modeling system based on fault-controlled reservoirs of the present invention.

[0061] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0063] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a grid-like modeling device based on a fault-controlled reservoir in the hardware operating environment involved in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the grid modeling device based on the fault-controlled reservoir may include: a processor 1001, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, and a memory 1005. The communication bus 1002 is used to implement communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a display screen and an input unit such as a keyboard. Optionally, the user interface 1003 may also include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) interface). The memory 1005 may be a high-speed random access memory (RAM) or a stable non-volatile memory (NVM), such as a disk storage. The memory 1005 may also be a storage system independent of the aforementioned processor 1001.

[0065] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 1The structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the grid-like modeling device based on fault-controlled reservoirs, and may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0066] like Figure 1 As shown, the memory 1005 as a storage medium may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a grid modeling program based on a fault-controlled reservoir.

[0067] exist Figure 1 In the grating modeling device based on a fault-controlled reservoir shown, the network interface 1004 is mainly used for data communication with a network server; the user interface 1003 is mainly used for data interaction with a user; the processor 1001 and the memory 1005 in the grating modeling device based on a fault-controlled reservoir of the present invention can be set in the grating modeling device based on a fault-controlled reservoir, and the grating modeling device based on a fault-controlled reservoir calls the grating modeling program based on a fault-controlled reservoir stored in the memory 1005 through the processor 1001, and executes the grating modeling method based on a fault-controlled reservoir provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] The embodiment of the present invention provides a palisade modeling method based on a fault-controlled reservoir, referring to Figure 2 , Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the flow chart of the first embodiment of the palisade modeling method based on fault-controlled reservoirs of the present invention.

[0069] In the specific implementation, the present invention is further illustrated by characterizing and modeling the grid cluster structure of the fault-controlled fracture-vuggy reservoir in the Shunbei 1 area.

[0070] The data in this embodiment are the well data of the study area and the gridded work area.

[0071] Work Area Scale: Columns * Rows * Layers (vertical grid) (columns = 1366, rows = 920, layers = 400), with a total of 502,688,000 original grid points. The X-coordinate spacing is cellsize1X (cellsize1X = 2), the Y-coordinate spacing is cellsize1Y (cellsize1Y = 3), and the Z-coordinate spacing is cellsize1Z (cellsize1Z = 5). Each X, Y, and Z coordinate has a single starting point (0,0,0).

[0072] The grid is designed according to the standard rectangular grid body, and the three-dimensional coordinate values ​​of all grid centers can be calculated through the starting point and interval.

[0073] In this embodiment, the palisade modeling method based on the fault-controlled reservoir includes the following steps:

[0074] Step S10: Determine the structural tensor seismic attribute volume based on the seismic data of the study area.

[0075] It is easy to understand that the execution subject of this embodiment can be a grid modeling system based on the fault-controlled reservoir with functions such as data processing, network communication and program running, or other computer equipment with similar functions, etc., and this embodiment is not limited.

[0076] It should be noted that the structure tensor seismic attribute body is one of many seismic attribute bodies, and structure tensor seismic attribute data can be obtained based on the structure tensor seismic attribute body.

[0077] Step S20: extracting a plurality of truncation data within a truncation interval from the structural tensor seismic attribute volume, and constructing a three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour according to the plurality of truncation data.

[0078] Furthermore, based on the response of the leakage and emptying locations in the structural tensor seismic attribute body according to the well logging interpretation conclusions, the fracture surface cutoff value of the structural tensor seismic attribute body is obtained, and the maximum cutoff value of the structural tensor seismic attribute body in the global range is determined; the truncation interval range is determined based on the fracture surface cutoff value and the maximum cutoff value.

[0079] It should also be noted that the reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fracture surface contour model of the study area of ​​the first embodiment of the grid modeling method based on the fault-controlled reservoir of the present invention. Different stress segments develop different numbers of fracture surfaces, and the overall continuity of a single fracture surface is good. Therefore, a structural tensor seismic attribute body suitable for characterizing continuous attributes is selected to characterize the fracture surface. According to the response of the leakage and venting positions in the structural tensor seismic attribute body based on the logging interpretation conclusion, the attribute value of a certain fracture surface in the structural tensor seismic attribute body (i.e., the critical value of the seismic structural tensor attribute body) is obtained as the truncation value (i.e., the fracture surface truncation value), and then the maximum value of the attribute body in the global range is obtained. The maximum value and the truncation value are used as the data interval to truncate the attribute body, retaining the data in the interval. Then, the data in the interval are subjected to a Boolean intersection operation with the established three-dimensional grid model to obtain a three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour.

[0080] It should also be understood that statistics on the data of wells drilled in the study area that encountered reservoirs show that the critical value of the seismic structural tensor attribute volume is -0.9 and the global maximum value is 1.14, indicating that the attribute values ​​in the interval -0.9 to 1.14 are fault surfaces.

[0081] Step S30: performing a layer-by-layer characterization on the three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour according to the characteristic information corresponding to the bedrock zone to obtain a bedrock zone model.

[0082] It should also be noted that, after verification by coring wells and logging data, it was found that there are well-developed reservoir zones inside the fault surface and the cave-like interior. These reservoir zones mainly appear in strip-like forms, and their direction coincides with the main stress direction of the strike-slip fault zone. Due to multiple tectonic movements, these reservoir zones are separated by bedrock zones, forming multi-grid fracture zones, where the scale of a single grid can reach tens of meters. Within the single-grid fracture zone, the stress concentration area shows the highest degree of fragmentation and the best storage effect. These areas are mainly filled with breccia, so they are called breccia zones. The transition area between the breccia zone and the bedrock barrier zone is affected by stress structures, and horizontal and vertical cracks have developed. These areas are called fracture zones.

[0083] It should be understood that the fracture zone is a mixture of breccia zones and fracture zones.

[0084] We call a single brecciated zone a "cluster." Within a fault-controlled body, multiple fault zones can exist, each of which can develop multiple grating fracture zones, and within each grating fracture zone, multiple clusters of brecciated zones can develop. The fillings within fault surfaces and cave-like structures are often meter-scale, making them difficult to characterize using seismic data. However, the resistivity of well logs exhibits a good response to these fillings. Within brecciated zones, the resistivity curve exhibits a distinct low value, appearing as a spike. Within fracture zones, the resistivity curve exhibits an upward trend, creating a jagged pattern. Within bedrock zones, the resistivity curve rises sharply, exhibiting distinct high values, without significant fluctuations. Based on these characteristics, we can interpret the resistivity of well logs crossing fault zones and categorize them into dominant, intermediate, and poor reservoirs. These three reservoir types correspond to brecciated zones, fracture zones, and bedrock zones, respectively. Based on comprehensive analysis of conventional well logs, we determine the average thickness per 100 meters of bedrock, fracture zones, and brecciated zones, as well as the number of clusters.

[0085] The statistical information includes: the characteristic information of the fracture zone is the number of developed sections per 100 meters, the cumulative thickness of the fracture zone, and the average thickness of each section; the characteristic information of the bedrock zone is the number of developed sections per 100 meters, the cumulative thickness of the bedrock zone, and the average thickness of each section; the characteristic information of the breccia zone is the number of developed sections per 100 meters, the cumulative thickness of the breccia zone, and the average thickness of each section; then, based on the statistical results, a cluster filling pattern within the fracture surface is established to guide the establishment of a fine three-dimensional geological model of the fracture surface.

[0086] It should also be noted that the reference Figure 4 , Figure 4This is a 100-meter development pattern of the fencing clusters within the fracture surface for the first embodiment of the present invention's fencing modeling method for fault-controlled reservoirs. A comprehensive analysis of core sampling and logging data from wells in the Shunbei District 1 reveals that bedrock, fracture, and breccia zones develop alternately within the fracture surface, forming a unique "fencing structure." This characteristic aligns with field observations. Within these geological structures, breccia zones are considered the most promising reservoirs, followed by fracture zones, and finally bedrock zones. Notably, the transition between breccia and bedrock zones is always accompanied by a fracture zone. Through in-depth logging interpretation, we were able to accurately determine the number of sections within the fracture surface for bedrock, fracture, and breccia zones, their specific locations, the thickness of each section, and the total thickness across the entire fracture surface. This detailed data provides strong support for the development of a 100-meter development pattern for the fracture surface, guiding the construction of a more refined 3D geological model. Detailed analysis revealed that fracture zones are most prominent in this area, with an average of five sections per 100 meters, each with an average thickness of 7.92 meters, for a total of 39.6 meters. Next is the bedrock zone, with an average of two sections per 100 meters, each with an average length of 17.6 meters, for a total of 35.2 meters. Finally, there is the breccia zone, with an average of four sections per 100 meters, each with an average length of 6.3 meters, for a total of 25.2 meters.

[0087] In the specific implementation, combined with the actual work area data, the simulation of the first-level bedrock zone is carried out globally under the constraints of the fracture surface contour model to establish the first-level bedrock zone model.

[0088] Step S40: The characteristic information corresponding to the fracture zone and the characteristic information corresponding to the breccia zone are integrated to obtain the characteristic information of the broken zone, and the development frequency and scale of the broken zone at the position with the maximum thickness of the fracture surface are determined based on the characteristic information of the broken zone.

[0089] It should be understood that the broken zone is composed of a fracture zone and a breccia zone, so the characteristic information corresponding to the fracture zone and the characteristic information corresponding to the breccia zone are fused to obtain the characteristic information of the broken zone.

[0090] The frequency of broken zone development can also be understood as the number of broken zones developed.

[0091] In this embodiment, the contour model of the fracture surface is not a standard cube, but rather resembles a strip with irregularly varying thickness. Determining the strip boundary using a single coordinate is clearly inconsistent with structural characteristics. Instead, a grid-like strip with a strike and thickness consistent with the contour model should be established. The key is to identify the centerline of the contour model as the trend line for strip development, ensuring that the established strip trend is consistent with the contour body. Secondly, the strip development scale at the maximum thickness of the contour body is established as a benchmark. The real-time thickness variation of the strip is constrained by the ratio of the real-time thickness to the maximum thickness, ensuring that the established strip thickness is consistent with the contour model.

[0092] In the specific implementation, the improved regional growth tracking algorithm is first used to obtain the trend line of the fault surface; secondly, the cumulative probability sampling method is used to determine the actual development frequency and scale of the palisade structure on the fault surface; finally, a hierarchical simulation method is used, with the bedrock zone as the first level, the fusion of the fracture zone and the breccia zone as the broken zone as the second level, and the fracture zone and breccia zone as the third level. Using the trend line and development scale as constraints, the model is characterized layer by layer to establish the palisade structure model inside the fault zone.

[0093] The steps to determine the trend line are:

[0094] To determine the trend line, it is necessary to use an improved regional growth tracking algorithm to track the trend line of the reservoir along the principal stress direction to ensure that the established fracture zone is consistent with the direction of the reservoir. The improved algorithm determines the direction of the trend line by scanning the number of continuous effective values ​​of the left and right grids. When the number of effective continuous grids on the left is greater than that on the right, it indicates that the reservoir is moving to the left, and the trend line needs to be shifted to the left; when the number of effective continuous grids on the right is greater than that on the left, it indicates that the reservoir is moving to the right, and the trend line needs to be shifted to the right; when the number of effective continuous grids on the left and right sides is the same, it indicates that the reservoir is moving vertically forward, and the trend line needs to maintain its current direction.

[0095] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of fracture surface trend line tracking in the first embodiment of the grating modeling method based on fault-controlled reservoirs of the present invention. The trend line tracking algorithm is introduced in conjunction with the actual work area. The principal stress direction is defined as the I direction, the direction perpendicular to the principal stress direction is defined as the J direction, and the altitude direction is defined as the K direction. By searching forward along the I direction, a section line can be determined by using specific fixed values ​​of I and K. On this section line, I and K are both fixed values, and the J value is the data interval from the minimum value to the maximum value of the grid. By traversing the J coordinate values ​​and combining the I and K coordinate values, a series of valid coordinate value sets can be obtained. The searched coordinate values ​​can be divided into several continuous coordinate value sets by the continuity of the J coordinate values. Assuming that there is currently a continuous coordinate value set {J_min,...,J_max}, the middle point J_q of the current coordinate value set is the coordinate value of the current section trend line.

[0096] J_q = int((J_min + J_max) / 2)

[0097] To determine the coordinate value of the trend line of the subsequent section, the coordinate value [I+1, J_q, K] is composed based on the trend line coordinate value J_q of the previous section. Starting from this point, continuous coordinate values ​​are searched to the left and right of the J direction. The trend line coordinate value J_now of the current section is determined by the number of continuous coordinate values ​​on the left Num_left and the number of continuous coordinate values ​​on the right Num_right.

[0098] J_now=J_q+1,Num_right>Num_left

[0099] J_now=J_q-1,Num_right <Num_left

[0100] J_now=J_q, Num_right=Num_left

[0101] It should also be noted that applying the bubble sort algorithm to quickly identify the maximum reservoir thickness helps us more accurately understand the reservoir's characteristics. By statistically analyzing the scale of fracture zones within a reservoir within a 100-meter range, we can determine the reservoir's development pattern. While ensuring that the scale of a single fracture zone remains constant, we can determine the number of fracture zones. Conversely, while ensuring that the number of fracture zones remains constant, we can also determine the scale of a single fracture zone. These two methods allow us to determine different numbers of fracture zones. Within this range, we calculate the scale of a single fracture zone for each possible number of fracture zones. We then count these scales in the reservoir thickness data from well logging to construct a cumulative probability sampling curve. Using random sampling, we can determine the number of fracture zones in a reservoir and the scale of each individual fracture zone.

[0102] Furthermore, a processing method for determining the frequency and scale of development of the broken zone at the position of maximum thickness of the fracture surface according to the characteristic information of the broken zone is as follows: multiple transverse trend lines of the fracture surface are determined according to the three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour, and the maximum thickness value of the actual reservoir is determined according to the multiple transverse trend lines; the actual development number corresponding to multiple actual development scale values ​​is selected from the logging data statistical table according to the actual development scale interval; a cumulative probability curve is determined according to the multiple actual development scale values ​​and the multiple actual development numbers; the frequency and scale of development of the broken zone at the position of maximum thickness of the fracture surface are obtained by sampling from the cumulative probability curve according to the characteristic information of the broken zone; the actual development scale interval is determined according to the maximum thickness value of the reservoir, the number of development lines per 100 meters, and the development scale of each line per 100 meters using a preset scale formula, and the actual development scale interval includes multiple actual development scale values.

[0103] The default scale formula is:

[0104]

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] Where x_s is the number of development strips per hundred meters, y_s is the development scale of each strip per hundred meters, L_max is the maximum thickness of the actual reservoir, y_r is the actual development scale interval, y_1 is the actual development scale when the number of development strips remains unchanged, and x_1 is the actual number of development strips when the development scale remains unchanged.

[0108] Combined with actual data, the number of strips is obtained to be in the range of [2,5]. The total thickness of the development is 20 meters per 100 meters at the maximum thickness, which corresponds to the actual development scale range of [4,10]. According to the principle of taking the nearest value based on the possible development scale, the number of strips corresponding to the development scale is selected from the logging data statistical table. A frequency histogram of the possible development scale and statistics is established. Based on the histogram, a cumulative probability curve is established to determine the actual number of strips x_max and the development scale y_max at the maximum thickness of the reservoir. The sampling results maintain the relationship x_max*y_max=x_s*y_s.

[0109] Furthermore, the processing method for determining the cumulative probability curve according to the multiple actual development scale values ​​and the multiple actual development numbers is to construct a frequency histogram according to the multiple actual development scale values ​​and the multiple actual development numbers; and to establish the cumulative probability curve according to the frequency histogram. Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the scale sampling of the fracture surface grid cluster development in the first embodiment of the grid modeling method based on the fault-controlled reservoir of the present invention.

[0110] Step S50: performing a two-layer characterization of the bedrock zone model according to the development frequency of the fracture zone and the development scale of the fracture zone to obtain a bedrock zone-fracture zone model.

[0111] For the simulation of the second-level fracture zone, the frequency and scale of the fracture zone at the location with the maximum thickness on the fracture surface have been obtained through random sampling based on cumulative probability. To determine its real-time location, the relative distance between any point in the fracture zone and the transverse trend line and the actual scale of any point in the fracture zone are obtained through the position determination formula based on the scale of the fracture zone, the maximum thickness of the reservoir, the actual thickness of any point in the reservoir, and the maximum relative distance from the transverse trend line.

[0112] The position determination formula is:

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] Where D_max is the maximum relative distance from the intercept trend line, L_real is the actual thickness of any point in the reservoir, y_max is the actual development scale of the broken zone at the maximum thickness of the reservoir, D_real is the relative distance between any point in the broken zone and the intercept trend line, and y_real is the actual development scale of any point in the broken zone.

[0116] Based on the dual constraints of the relative distance from the trend line and the actual thickness at any point (i.e., the relative distance between the actual point in the fracture zone and the intercept trend line and the actual development scale at any point in the fracture zone), the development coordinates of the fracture zone can be determined, thereby completing the characterization of the second-level fracture zone and establishing a bedrock zone-fracture zone model.

[0117] Step S60: determining the development scale of any location in the breccia zone according to the actual development scale of any location in the fracture zone, and performing three-layer characterization of the bedrock zone-fragmentation zone model according to the development scale of any location in the breccia zone and trend line constraints to obtain a three-dimensional model of the grating structure of the fracture surface.

[0118] Furthermore, the processing method for determining the development scale of any location in the breccia zone according to the actual development scale of any location in the fracture zone is to obtain the development scale of any location in the breccia zone by using the arbitrary scale formula according to the actual development scale of any location in the fracture zone;

[0119] The formula for any scale is:

[0120]

[0121] Where JL_std is the thickness of the breccia zone in the 100-meter development model, P_std is the thickness of the crushed zone in the 100-meter development model, and JL_real is the development scale of the breccia zone at any point.

[0122] In this example, the third-level fracture zone and breccia zone are delineated. It is only necessary to delineate the breccia zone within the fracture zone and redefine the non-breccia zone area within the fracture zone as a fracture zone. This completes the delineation of the third-level breccia zone and fracture zone and establishes a three-dimensional model of the palisade structure inside the fracture surface. Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fracture surface modeling results of the first embodiment of the grid modeling method based on the fault-controlled reservoir of the present invention.

[0123] After obtaining the thickness of the brecciated zone in a single fracture zone, the brecciated zone can be depicted in the core area of ​​the fracture zone in combination with the trend line constraint (i.e., the position determination formula), while the non-brecciated zone area in the fracture zone is the fracture zone.

[0124] In this embodiment, a structural tensor seismic attribute body is first determined based on the seismic data of the study area, and then a plurality of truncation data within the truncation interval are extracted from the structural tensor seismic attribute body, and a three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour is constructed based on the plurality of truncation data. The three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour is characterized in one layer according to the characteristic information corresponding to the bedrock zone to obtain a bedrock zone model. Thereafter, the characteristic information corresponding to the fracture zone and the characteristic information corresponding to the breccia zone are fused to obtain the characteristic information of the broken zone. The development frequency and development scale of the broken zone at the position with the maximum thickness of the fracture surface are determined based on the characteristic information of the broken zone, and the bedrock zone model is characterized in two layers based on the development frequency and development scale of the broken zone to obtain a bedrock zone-broken zone model. Finally, the development scale of the breccia zone at any point is determined based on the actual development scale of the broken zone, and the bedrock zone-broken zone model is characterized in three layers based on the development scale of the breccia zone at any point and the trend line constraint to obtain a three-dimensional model of the grating structure of the fracture surface. This example studies field outcrops, well logging resistivity, imaging logging data, seismic data, and coring data to determine that the filling pattern within the fracture surface is a "grid-like" reservoir structure with breccia zones, fracture zones, and bedrock zones arranged in an orderly alternating pattern. The well logging resistivity then exhibits different manifestations for different fillings within the fracture surface. Based on the logging data of the encountered wells, information such as the frequency and width of breccia zones, fracture zones, and bedrock development is statistically analyzed to guide the establishment of a detailed three-dimensional geological model of the fracture surface reservoir, thereby achieving a detailed characterization of the filling materials within the fracture surface.

[0125] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of the first embodiment of the grid modeling system based on fault-controlled reservoirs of the present invention.

[0126] like Figure 8 As shown, the grid modeling system based on the fault-controlled reservoir proposed in the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0127] Determination module 8001, for determining the structural tensor seismic attribute volume based on the seismic data of the study area;

[0128] A construction module 8002 is configured to extract a plurality of truncation data within a truncation interval from the structural tensor seismic attribute volume, and construct a three-dimensional model of a fracture surface contour based on the plurality of truncation data;

[0129] A characterization module 8003 is configured to characterize the three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour layer according to characteristic information corresponding to the bedrock zone to obtain a bedrock zone model;

[0130] The calculation module 8004 is used to fuse the characteristic information corresponding to the fracture zone and the characteristic information corresponding to the breccia zone to obtain characteristic information of the broken zone, and determine the frequency and scale of the broken zone at the location of maximum fracture surface thickness based on the characteristic information of the broken zone;

[0131] The characterization module 8003 is further configured to perform a two-layer characterization on the bedrock zone model according to the development frequency and development scale of the fracture zone to obtain a bedrock zone-fracture zone model;

[0132] The characterization module 8003 is also used to determine the development scale of any point in the breccia zone according to the actual development scale at any point in the fracture zone, and to perform three-layer characterization of the bedrock zone-fragmentation zone model according to the development scale at any point in the breccia zone and the trend line constraint to obtain a three-dimensional model of the grating structure of the fracture surface.

[0133] In this embodiment, a structural tensor seismic attribute body is first determined based on the seismic data of the study area, and then a plurality of truncation data within the truncation interval are extracted from the structural tensor seismic attribute body, and a three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour is constructed based on the plurality of truncation data. The three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour is characterized in one layer according to the characteristic information corresponding to the bedrock zone to obtain a bedrock zone model. Thereafter, the characteristic information corresponding to the fracture zone and the characteristic information corresponding to the breccia zone are fused to obtain the characteristic information of the broken zone. The development frequency and development scale of the broken zone at the position with the maximum thickness of the fracture surface are determined based on the characteristic information of the broken zone, and the bedrock zone model is characterized in two layers based on the development frequency and development scale of the broken zone to obtain a bedrock zone-broken zone model. Finally, the development scale of the breccia zone at any point is determined based on the actual development scale of the broken zone, and the bedrock zone-broken zone model is characterized in three layers based on the development scale of the breccia zone at any point and the trend line constraint to obtain a three-dimensional model of the grating structure of the fracture surface. This example studies field outcrops, well logging resistivity, imaging logging data, seismic data, and coring data to determine that the filling pattern within the fracture surface is a "grid-like" reservoir structure with breccia zones, fracture zones, and bedrock zones arranged in an orderly alternating pattern. The well logging resistivity then exhibits different manifestations for different fillings within the fracture surface. Based on the logging data of the encountered wells, information such as the frequency and width of breccia zones, fracture zones, and bedrock development is statistically analyzed to guide the establishment of a detailed three-dimensional geological model of the fracture surface reservoir, thereby achieving a detailed characterization of the filling materials within the fracture surface.

[0134] Other embodiments or specific implementations of the grid modeling system based on the fault-controlled reservoir of the present invention can refer to the above-mentioned method embodiments and will not be described in detail here.

[0135] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or system. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or system comprising the element.

[0136] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for description only and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0137] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform, and of course can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better embodiment. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as read-only memory / random access memory, magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal device (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention.

[0138] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A palisade modeling method based on fault-controlled reservoir, characterized in that: The grid modeling method based on the fault-controlled reservoir includes the following steps: Determine the structural tensor seismic attribute volume based on the seismic data of the study area; Extracting a plurality of truncation data within a truncation interval from the structural tensor seismic attribute body, and constructing a three-dimensional model of a fracture surface contour based on the plurality of truncation data; According to the characteristic information corresponding to the bedrock zone, the three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour is depicted in one layer to obtain a bedrock zone model; The characteristic information corresponding to the fracture zone and the characteristic information corresponding to the breccia zone are integrated to obtain the characteristic information of the broken zone, and the development frequency and scale of the broken zone at the position with the maximum thickness of the fracture surface are determined based on the characteristic information of the broken zone; Performing a two-layer characterization of the bedrock zone model according to the development frequency and development scale of the fracture zone to obtain a bedrock zone-fracture zone model; The development scale of any part of the breccia zone is determined according to the actual development scale of any part of the fracture zone, and the bedrock zone-fragmentation zone model is characterized in three layers according to the development scale of any part of the breccia zone and the trend line constraint to obtain a three-dimensional model of the grating structure of the fracture surface.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein Before the step of extracting a plurality of truncated data within the truncation interval from the structural tensor seismic attribute volume, the method further comprises: Obtaining a fracture surface cutoff value of the structure tensor seismic attribute body according to a response of a lost circulation and a blowdown position in the structure tensor seismic attribute body according to a well logging interpretation conclusion, and determining a cutoff maximum value of the structure tensor seismic attribute body in a global range; The truncation interval range is determined according to the fracture surface truncation value and the truncation maximum value.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The step of determining the development frequency and scale of the broken zone at the position of maximum fracture surface thickness based on the characteristic information of the broken zone comprises: Determining a plurality of cross-sectional trend lines of the fracture surface according to the three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour, and determining a maximum thickness value of the actual reservoir according to the plurality of cross-sectional trend lines; Determine an actual development scale interval using a preset scale formula according to the maximum thickness of the reservoir, the number of development lines per 100 meters, and the development scale of each line per 100 meters, wherein the actual development scale interval includes multiple actual development scale values; The preset scale formula is: Where, is the number of development strips per 100 meters, For each development scale in 100 meters, is the maximum thickness of the actual reservoir, is the actual development scale range, is the actual number of developments when the development scale remains unchanged, and int is the rounding function; According to the actual development scale interval, actual development numbers corresponding to a plurality of actual development scale values ​​are respectively selected from the well logging data statistical table; Determine a cumulative probability curve according to multiple actual development scale values ​​and multiple actual development numbers; The frequency and scale of the development of the broken zone at the position with the maximum thickness of the fracture surface are obtained by sampling from the cumulative probability curve according to the characteristic information of the broken zone.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein The step of determining a cumulative probability curve according to a plurality of actual development scale values ​​and a plurality of actual development numbers includes: Construct a frequency histogram based on multiple actual development scale values ​​and multiple actual development bar numbers; A cumulative probability curve is established based on the frequency histogram.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein The step of performing a two-layer characterization of the bedrock zone model according to the development frequency and development scale of the fracture zone to obtain a bedrock zone-fracture zone model comprises: According to the development scale of the fracture zone, the maximum thickness of the reservoir, the actual thickness of any point of the reservoir and the maximum relative distance from the intercept trend line, the actual relative distance between any point of the fracture zone and the intercept trend line and the actual development scale of any point of the fracture zone are obtained by a position determination formula; The position determination formula is: Where, is the maximum relative distance from the intercept trend line, is the actual thickness of the reservoir at any point, is the actual scale of the fracture zone development at the maximum thickness of the reservoir, is the relative distance between the actual point in the fracture zone and the intercept trend line, is the actual development scale at any location in the fracture zone; Determine the development coordinates of the broken zone according to the actual relative distance between any point of the broken zone and the intercept trend line and the actual development scale of any point of the broken zone; The bedrock zone model is characterized in two layers according to the development coordinates of the fracture zone and the development frequency of the fracture zone to obtain a bedrock zone-fragmentation zone model.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein The step of determining the development scale of any location in the breccia zone according to the actual development scale of any location in the fracture zone comprises: According to the actual development scale at any point in the fracture zone, the development scale at any point in the breccia zone can be obtained by using the arbitrary scale formula; The arbitrary scale formula is: Where, is the thickness of the breccia zone in the 100-meter development model, is the thickness of the broken zone in the 100-meter development model, It is the scale of development at any place in the breccia zone.

7. A grid-like modeling system based on fault-controlled reservoirs, characterized in that: The grid-like modeling system based on the fault-controlled reservoir includes: A determination module is used to determine the structural tensor seismic attribute volume based on the seismic data of the study area; A construction module is used to extract a plurality of truncation data within a truncation interval from the structural tensor seismic attribute body, and to construct a three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour according to the plurality of truncation data; A characterization module is used to characterize the three-dimensional model of the fracture surface contour layer according to the characteristic information corresponding to the bedrock zone to obtain a bedrock zone model; a calculation module for fusing characteristic information corresponding to the fracture zone and the characteristic information corresponding to the breccia zone to obtain characteristic information of the broken zone, and determining the frequency and scale of the broken zone development at the position of maximum fracture surface thickness based on the characteristic information of the broken zone; The characterization module is further configured to perform a two-layer characterization on the bedrock zone model according to the development frequency and development scale of the fracture zone to obtain a bedrock zone-fracture zone model; The characterization module is also used to determine the development scale of any point in the breccia zone based on the actual development scale of any point in the fracture zone, and to perform three-layer characterization of the bedrock zone-fragmentation zone model based on the development scale of any point in the breccia zone and trend line constraints to obtain a three-dimensional model of the fracture surface grating structure.

8. A grid-like modeling device based on a fault-controlled reservoir, characterized in that: The device includes: a memory, a processor, and a grid modeling program based on a fault-controlled reservoir stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the grid modeling program based on a fault-controlled reservoir is configured to implement the steps of the grid modeling method based on a fault-controlled reservoir as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a grid modeling program based on a fault-controlled reservoir. When the grid modeling program based on a fault-controlled reservoir is executed by a processor, the steps of the grid modeling method based on a fault-controlled reservoir according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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