A breeding method for black sesame feather meat-type silky fowl with seven-black characteristics

Abstract

The present invention discloses a cultivation method of a black sesame feather meat - type silky fowl (Yunwu No. 1) with the characteristics of Qiwu. For the yellow - feather strain (H strain) of Xuefeng silky fowl, continuous sub - pure - line breeding is carried out to obtain yellow - feather cocks as the first male parent; for the recessive white - feather strain (B strain) of Xuefeng silky fowl, continuous sub - pure - line breeding is carried out to obtain white - feather hens as the first female parent; the first male parent and the first female parent are hybridized, and the yellow - feather Xuefeng silky fowl among the hybrid offspring is selected as the terminal female parent; taking the black sesame feather strain (KM strain) of Xuefeng silky fowl as the material, continuous sub - pure - line breeding is carried out to obtain black sesame feather cocks as the terminal male parent, which are hybridized with the terminal female parent to obtain commercial - generation black sesame feather meat - type silky fowls. The black sesame feather meat - type silky fowls of the present invention have the basic characteristics, flavor and nutritional value of Xuefeng silky fowls, and also have the characteristics of relatively fast growth rate, good meat - using performance, high survival rate and low breeding cost, which is conducive to large - scale breeding and commercial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of poultry breeding, and in particular relates to a breeding method for a black-bone chicken with black hemp feathers and seven black characteristics for meat use. Background Art

[0002] Xuefeng Black-bone Chicken is native to the Xuefeng Mountain Range in Hunan Province. It is a precious black-bone chicken variety in China that can be used for both meat and eggs and medicine. Xuefeng Black-bone Chicken was included in the National List of Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources in 2010, was registered as a national agricultural product geographical indication in 2012, and was protected as a geographical indication product by the State Intellectual Property Office in December 2023. The feathers of this variety are mainly yellow (hemp), white and black. It has the seven black characteristics of black crown, black beak, black tongue, black skin, black meat, black bones and black feet, as well as the characteristics of tolerance to roughage, strong disease resistance, wildness and good meat quality. Xuefeng black-bone chicken has dense muscle fibers and high nutritional value (protein content above 23%). It is rich in iron (above 10 mg / kg), zinc (above 12 mg / kg) and other trace elements and various essential amino acids, unsaturated fatty acids and melanin for the human body. It can increase the hemoglobin content of human red blood cells, regulate physiological functions, and enhance immunity. It has the effects of invigorating qi and replenishing deficiency, nourishing yin and nourishing the kidney, and regulating menstruation. It is an ideal tonic and medicinal food, and is deeply loved by the people.

[0003] As a local chicken breed, Xuefeng Black-bone Chicken is traditionally raised for more than 180 days. Due to its slow growth rate, small size and long breeding cycle, it has not been effectively developed and utilized in the industrialization, resulting in low benefits of large-scale breeding. Therefore, farmers are not very enthusiastic about large-scale breeding, resulting in a slow progress in its industrialization. In order to improve the originality and naturalness of local chicken breeds, by cultivating "a high-quality meat black-bone chicken with seven black characteristics and black hemp feathers", the Xuefeng Black-bone Chicken can achieve both high quality and fast growth (improved production efficiency), adapt to the requirements of large-scale commodity production, and achieve the goal of transforming the advantages of variety resources into market economic advantages.

[0004] CN106234307B discloses a breeding method for green-shell egg black-feathered black-bone chickens, taking silky fowl and Dongxiang black-feathered green-shell egg chickens as research objects, which is actually a two-line crossbreeding. It involves different and few breed resources and has a slow growth rate, not meeting the current production requirements of high-quality, efficient and large-scale matching line varieties. CN114680082A discloses a breeding method for new varieties of high-altitude original ecological native chickens. The reciprocal crosses of yellow-jute-feathered black-bone chickens and black-feathered black-bone chickens (F1 and F1') are hybridized to produce F2, and F2 is then hybridized with the orthogonal offspring F1 to produce new varieties. It involves few varieties and is actually a two-variety or two-line crossbreeding with a cumbersome procedure. CN106106353A discloses a breeding method for slow-growing black-bone chickens with meat, medicinal and ornamental values, taking the pure line of Donglan black-bone chickens, the pure line of Lingyun black-bone chickens and the pure line of Wenchang chicken with pearl feathers as breeding materials. It involves different breed resources and has a slow growth rate, making it difficult to meet the market demand for quantity. CN105494246A discloses a method for crossbreeding black-feathered black-bone chickens, involving white-feathered black-bone chickens, local native chickens, red-feathered laying hens and five-black chickens. It involves different and many breed resources, with a relatively cumbersome procedure, and no selection for meat quality and disease resistance has been carried out.

[0005] At present, there is a lack of a breeding method for high-quality meat-type black-jute-feathered black-bone chickens with a fast growth rate, good chicken meat quality and high breeding efficiency in the market. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies existing in the prior art and provide a breeding method for high-quality meat-type black-jute-feathered black-bone chickens with seven-black characteristics, a relatively fast growth rate, good chicken meat quality and high breeding efficiency.

[0007] To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a breeding method for meat-type black-jute-feathered black-bone chickens with seven-black characteristics, and the breeding method includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Using the yellow-feathered line of Xuefeng black-bone chickens as the H-line material, conducting successive pure-line breeding to obtain yellow-feathered roosters as the first male parent; using the recessive white-feathered Xuefeng black-bone chickens as the B-line material, conducting successive pure-line selection to obtain white-feathered hens as the first female parent;

[0009] S2. Crossing the first male parent with the first female parent, and selecting the yellow-feathered Xuefeng black-bone chickens among the hybrid offspring as the terminal female parent;

[0010] S3. Using the black-jute-feathered line of Xuefeng black-bone chickens as the KM-line material, conducting successive pure-line breeding to obtain black-jute-feathered black-bone chickens as the terminal male parent, and crossing them with the terminal female parent to obtain commercial black-jute-feathered meat-type black-bone chickens.

[0011] For the above breeding method, further, the breeding method of the first male parent includes:

[0012] SA-1. Using yellow - feather Xuefeng black - boned chickens as the zero - generation, the male and female of the zero - generation are propagated to the offspring according to the pedigree breeding method. The body appearance and skin L - value are selected at 1, 42, 84, and 120 days of age in each generation, and the performance is measured at 280 days of age.

[0013] SA-2. Select qualified individuals as the first generation according to the breeding goals of the yellow - feather line, conduct sub - generation propagation on the selected individuals, and select offspring individuals as the second generation according to the same standard, and so on. After continuous selection for more than 5 generations, yellow - feather line black - boned chickens are bred.

[0014] For the above - mentioned cultivation method, further, the selection criteria for body appearance and skin L - value include: yellow - jute feathers, blue ears, with the seven - black characteristics of black crown, black beak, black tongue, black skin, black meat, black bones, and black feet, and skin L - value ≤ 35.

[0015] For the above - mentioned cultivation method, further, the performance measurement criteria include: the detection rate of leukemia ≤ 0.1% before breeding, the detection rate of pullorum disease ≤ 0.5%, the muscle shear force of roosters at 130 days of age ≤ 10 N, the drip loss ≤ 0.9%, the muscle shear force of hens at 150 days of age ≤ 12 N, and the drip loss ≤ 1.2%. Further, the muscle shear force of roosters at 130 days of age is 9.2 N, the drip loss is 0.86%, the muscle shear force of hens at 150 days of age is 11.2 N, and the drip loss is 1.19%.

[0016] For the above - mentioned cultivation method, further, the breeding method of the first female parent includes:

[0017] SB-1. Using the recessive white - feather B line of Xuefeng black - boned chickens as the zero - generation, the male and female of the zero - generation are propagated to the offspring according to the pedigree breeding method. The body appearance and skin L - value are selected at 1, 42, 84, and 120 days of age in each generation, and the performance is measured at 280 days of age.

[0018] SB-2. Select qualified individuals as the first generation according to the breeding goals of the white - feather line, conduct sub - generation propagation on the selected individuals, and select offspring individuals as the second generation according to the same standard, and so on. After continuous selection for more than 5 generations, white - feather line black - boned chickens are bred.

[0019] For the above - mentioned cultivation method, further, the selection criteria for body appearance and skin L - value include: recessive white feathers, blue ears, with the seven - black characteristics of black crown, black beak, black tongue, black skin, black meat, black bones, and black feet, and skin L - value ≤ 35.

[0020] For the above - mentioned cultivation method, further, the performance measurement criteria are: the detection rate of leukemia ≤ 0.1% before breeding, the detection rate of pullorum disease ≤ 0.7%, the peak egg - laying rate ≥ 70%, and the number of eggs laid at 66 weeks of age ≥ 170.

[0021] For the above cultivation method, further, the cultivation method of the terminal male parent includes:

[0022] S3-1: Using black-feathered Xuefeng black-boned chickens and red-baoji chickens as the zero generation, the male and female of the zero generation are used to expand the offspring according to the pedigree breeding method. The body shape, appearance and weight are selected at 1, 42, 84 and 120 days old in each generation, and the performance is measured at 280 days old.

[0023] S3-2: Select qualified individuals as the first generation according to the breeding goal of the black sesame feather line, conduct sub-generation expansion on the selected individuals, and select the offspring individuals as the second generation according to the same standard, and so on. After continuous selection for more than 5 generations, the commercial black sesame feather line black-boned chickens are bred.

[0024] For the above cultivation method, further, the selection criteria for body shape, appearance and weight are as follows: black sesame feathers, with the seven black characteristics of black crown, black beak, black tongue, black skin, black meat, black bones and black feet; when the age is 84 days old, the weight of the rooster ≥ 1.9 kg, the weight of the hen ≥ 1.5 kg, when the age is 126 days old, the weight of the rooster ≥ 2.5 kg, the weight of the hen ≥ 2.0 kg, and the skin L value ≤ 40.

[0025] For the above cultivation method, further, the commercial black sesame feather line black-boned chickens have the following stable body shape characteristics: black sesame feathers, blue ears, with the seven black characteristics of black crown, black beak, black tongue, black skin, black meat, black bones and black feet, and the body shape is crescent-shaped; the average weight of hens at 130-150 days old is 1.76 kg-1.83 kg, the feed-to-weight ratio is 4.46-4.50, the average weight of roosters at 110-130 days old is 2.06 kg-2.25 kg, the feed-to-weight ratio is 4.02-4.12, the survival rate reaches more than 95%, the skin L value ≤ 40, the survival rate reaches more than 95%, and the skin L value ≤ 40.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0027] (1) The present invention provides a method for cultivating black sesame feather meat - type silky fowl with the characteristics of "seven blacks". The parental lines used in the matching system each have their own advantages. Three specialized lines are established using local silky fowl breeds in Hunan Province: a black sesame feather silky fowl line with relatively fast growth rate; a yellow - feather silky fowl line with relatively slow growth rate, good meat quality, and strong disease resistance; and a recessive white - feather silky fowl line with slow growth rate, high egg - laying rate, and strong disease resistance. The terminal female parent F1 is obtained by crossing two pure lines of Xuefeng silky fowl, namely the white - feather line and the yellow - feather line, which makes it have the typical characteristics of pure - bred Xuefeng silky fowl. At the same time, it has a high egg - laying rate, good meat quality, high nutritional value of chicken, a high selling price for the chickens after egg - laying, and good breeding efficiency. The terminal female parent F1 is crossed with the terminal male parent black sesame feather line to obtain the commercial - generation black sesame feather high - quality meat - type silky fowl of "a matching - line variety of black sesame feather high - quality meat - type silky fowl with the characteristics of seven blacks". The commercial - generation chickens have stable body type characteristics, mainly manifested as black sesame feathers, blue ears, and have the "seven blacks" characteristics of black crown, black tongue, black beak, black skin, black meat, black bones, and black feet, and the body shape is crescent - shaped. The black sesame feather high - quality meat - type silky fowl of the present invention not only has the basic characteristics, flavor, and nutritional value of the local breed Xuefeng silky fowl, but also has the characteristics of fast growth rate, good meat - using performance, high survival rate, and low breeding cost, reducing the breeding difficulty for ordinary farmers and being conducive to large - scale breeding and commercial production. The average body weight of hens at 130 - 150 days old when sold is 1.76 kg, the feed - to - weight ratio is 4.46, the average body weight of roosters at 110 - 130 days old when sold is 2.06 kg, the feed - to - weight ratio is 4.08, and the survival rate reaches over 95%.

[0028] Table 1 shows the average production performance of roosters of the commercial - generation black sesame feather meat - type silky fowl at 110 - 130 days old and hens at 130 - 150 days old.

[0029] Table 1: Production performance of the commercial - generation of a matching - line variety of black sesame feather meat - type silky fowl with the characteristics of seven blacks (Yunwu No. 1)

[0030]

[0031] From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the black sesame feather high - quality meat - type silky fowl with the characteristics of seven blacks of the present invention not only has the basic characteristics, flavor, and nutritional value of the local breed Xuefeng silky fowl, but also has the characteristics of fast growth rate, good meat - using performance, high survival rate, and low breeding cost.

[0032] (2) The present invention provides a method for cultivating black sesame feather meat - type silky fowl with the characteristics of seven blacks. Specialized lines are established using national - level local breed genetic resources, integrating the advantages of strong disease resistance, fast growth rate, good meat quality, and high melanin content. Moreover, the product has comprehensive and rich nutrition, high medicinal, health - care, and edible value, meeting the requirements of the high - end market for the nutrition and flavor of high - quality silky fowl, while reducing the breeding cost. It has good economic value and market prospects in practical applications. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a breeding flow chart for a supporting line variety of black sesame-feathered meat-type silky fowl with the characteristics of "seven blacks". Detailed Embodiments

[0035] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

[0036] The materials, reagents and instruments used in the following embodiments can all be obtained from commercial channels. The experimental methods in the following embodiments are all conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A breeding method for black sesame-feathered meat-type silky fowl with the characteristics of "seven blacks", Figure 1 It is a breeding flow chart for a supporting line variety of black sesame-feathered meat-type silky fowl with the characteristics of "seven blacks", and specifically includes the following steps:

[0039] (1) Using Xuefeng silky fowl as breeding material, the black sesame-feathered line, yellow-feathered line and white-feathered line are bred by the method of specialized line breeding.

[0040] The breeding method of the black sesame-feathered line is as follows: Using black-feathered Xuefeng silky fowl and red broiler as the zero generation, the male and female of the zero generation are propagated according to the family breeding method, and the body shape, appearance and weight are selected at 1, 42, 84 and 120 days of age in each generation, and the reproductive performance is measured at 280 days of age; According to the breeding objectives of the black sesame-feathered line, qualified individuals are selected as the first generation, the selected individuals are propagated for the next generation, and the offspring individuals are selected according to the same standard as the second generation, and so on. After continuous selection for more than 5 generations, the black sesame-feathered silky fowl is bred.

[0041] The breeding objectives of the black sesame-feathered line: Black sesame feathers, with the characteristics of "seven blacks" of black crown, black beak, black tongue, black skin, black meat, black bones and black feet; Fast growth rate, at 84 days of age, the weight of roosters ≥ 1.9 kg, the weight of hens ≥ 1.5 kg, at 126 days of age, the weight of roosters ≥ 2.5 kg, the weight of hens ≥ 2.0 kg, the skin L value ≤ 40, and the reproductive performance reaches about the average egg production of the population.

[0042] The breeding method of the yellow - feather line is as follows: Taking the yellow - feather Xuefeng black - boned chicken as the zero generation, the male and female of the zero generation are used to expand the offspring according to the family breeding method. The body shape, appearance and body weight are selected at 1, 42, 84 and 120 days of age in each generation, and the reproductive performance is measured at 280 days of age. Qualified individuals are selected as the first generation according to the breeding objectives of the yellow - feather line, and the selected individuals are used for sub - generation expansion. Then, the offspring individuals are selected as the second generation according to the same standard, and so on. After continuous selection for more than 5 generations, the yellow - feather line of black - boned chickens is bred.

[0043] The breeding objectives of the yellow - feather line: Yellow - jute feathers, blue ears, with the seven - black characteristics of black crown, black beak, black tongue, black skin, black meat, black bones and black feet. The body weight reaches about the average body weight of the population, with strong disease resistance. The detection rate of leukemia before breeding is ≤0.1%, and the detection rate of pullorum disease is ≤0.5%. The muscle shear force of cocks at 130 days of age is 9.2N, and the drip loss is 0.86%. The muscle shear force of hens at 150 days of age is 11.2N, and the drip loss is 1.19%. The skin L value ≤35, and the reproductive performance reaches above the average egg production of the population.

[0044] The breeding method of the white - feather line is as follows: Taking the recessive white - feather Xuefeng black - boned chicken as the zero generation, the male and female of the zero generation are used to expand the offspring according to the family breeding method. The body shape, appearance and body weight are selected at 1, 42, 84 and 120 days of age in each generation, and the reproductive performance is measured at 280 days of age. Qualified individuals are selected as the first generation according to the breeding objectives of the white - feather line, and the selected individuals are used for sub - generation expansion. Then, the offspring individuals are selected as the second generation according to the same standard, and so on. After continuous selection for more than 5 generations, the white - feather line of black - boned chickens is bred.

[0045] The breeding objectives of the white - feather line: Recessive white feathers, blue ears, with the seven - black characteristics of black crown, black beak, black tongue, black skin, black meat, black bones and black feet. The body weight reaches about the average body weight of the population, with a high egg - laying rate, strong disease resistance. The detection rate of leukemia before breeding is ≤0.1%, and the detection rate of pullorum disease is ≤0.7%. The peak egg - laying rate ≥70%, the number of eggs laid at 66 weeks of age ≥170, the skin L value ≤35, and the reproductive performance reaches above the average egg production of the population.

[0046] (2) Using 50 yellow - feather line cocks as the first paternal line and 1000 white - feather line hens as the first maternal line, cross - breeding to obtain the terminal female parent F1.

[0047] The performance of the terminal female parent is as follows: Yellow feathers, blue ears, with the seven - black characteristics of black crown, black tongue, black beak, black skin, black meat, black bones and black feet, and good reproductive performance. The age at first lay is 145 days, the body weight at first lay is about 1.32 kg, the number of eggs laid at 66 weeks of age is 162 eggs per hen, the qualified hatching egg rate is 98.1%, the fertilization rate of hatching eggs is 89.2%, and the skin L value is about 35.2.

[0048] (3) Use 50 black sesame feather chickens as the terminal male parent and cross them with 1000 terminal female parent F1 to produce commercial black sesame feather high-quality meat-type silky fowl, named "Yunwu No. 1".

[0049] The commercial black sesame feather high-quality meat-type silky fowl shows the following characteristics: black sesame feathers, blue ears, with the seven-black characteristics of black crown, black beak, black tongue, black skin, black meat, black bones, and black feet, and the body shape is crescent-shaped. It has the characteristics of strong disease resistance, high survival rate, and good meat quality. The average weight of hens at 140 days of age when sold is 1.77 kg, the feed-to-weight ratio is 4.48, the average weight of roosters at 120 days of age when sold is 2.15 kg, the feed-to-weight ratio is 4.10, the survival rate is 97.9%, and the skin L value is about 38.9.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] A breeding method for black sesame feather meat-type silky fowl with seven-black characteristics includes the following steps:

[0052] (1) Use Xuefeng silky fowl as the breeding material and adopt the method of specialized strain cultivation to cultivate black sesame feather strain, yellow feather strain, and white feather strain. The breeding method is as follows: Take Xuefeng silky fowl as the zero generation, let the male and female of the zero generation mate freely, select the body shape, appearance, and weight at 1, 42, 84, and 120 days of age respectively, and measure the reproductive performance at 280 days of age; Select qualified individuals as the first generation according to the breeding goal of Example 1, expand the pure line of the selected individuals, and select the offspring individuals as the second generation according to the same standard, and so on. After continuous selection for more than 5 generations, the black sesame feather strain, yellow feather strain, and white feather strain are bred.

[0053] (2) Use 100 yellow feather strain roosters as the first male parent and 2000 white feather strain hens as the first female parent, and cross them to obtain the terminal female parent F1.

[0054] The terminal female parent shows the following characteristics: yellow feathers, purple crown and green ears, with the seven-black characteristics of black crown, black tongue, black beak, black skin, black meat, black bones, and black feet. The age at first lay is 154 days, the weight at first lay is about 1.37 kg, the number of eggs laid at 66 weeks of age is 165 eggs / hen, the qualified hatching egg rate is 96.8%, the fertilization rate of hatching eggs is 90.6%, and the skin L value is about 33.2.

[0055] (3) Use 100 black sesame feather strain chickens as the terminal male parent and cross them with 2000 terminal female parent F1 to produce commercial black sesame feather high-quality meat-type silky fowl, named "Yunwu No. 1".

[0056] The commercial chickens are as follows: black sesame feathers, blue ears, with the seven black characteristics of black crown, black beak, black tongue, black skin, black meat, black bones, and black feet, and the body shape is crescent-shaped. The average weight of hens at 145 days of age when sold is 1.83 kg, the feed-to-weight ratio is 4.50, the average weight of roosters at 123 days of age when sold is 2.25 kg, the feed-to-weight ratio is 4.12, the survival rate is 96.7%, and the L value of the skin is about 36.5.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] A cultivation method for black sesame feather meat-type black-boned chickens with seven black characteristics includes the following steps:

[0059] (1) Using Xuefeng black-boned chickens as breeding materials, a specialized strain cultivation method is used to cultivate the black sesame feather strain, yellow feather strain, and white feather strain. The breeding method is as follows: Taking Xuefeng black-boned chickens as the zero generation, the male and female of the zero generation freely mate, and body shape appearance and weight selection are carried out at 1, 42, 84, and 120 days of age respectively, and reproductive performance is measured at 280 days of age; Qualified individuals are selected as the first generation according to the breeding objectives of Example 1, the selected individuals are multiplied in pure lines, and offspring individuals are selected as the second generation according to the same standard, and so on. After continuous selection for more than 5 generations, the black sesame feather strain, yellow feather strain, and white feather strain are cultivated.

[0060] (2) Using 100 yellow feather strain roosters as the first male parent and 2000 white feather strain hens as the first female parent, cross-breeding to obtain the terminal female parent F1.

[0061] The terminal female parent is as follows: It has the seven black characteristics of black crown, black tongue, black beak, black skin, black meat, black bones, and black feet. The age at first egg is 152 days, the weight at first egg is about 1.35 kg, the number of eggs laid at 66 weeks of age is 166, the qualified breeding egg rate is 96.5%, the fertilization rate of breeding eggs is 87.6%, and the L value of the skin is about 34.1.

[0062] (3) Using 200 black sesame feather strain chickens as the terminal male parent and 4000 terminal female parent F1 chickens to cross-breed to produce commercial black sesame feather high-quality meat-type black-boned chickens, named "Yunwu No. 1".

[0063] The commercial chickens are as follows: black sesame feathers, blue ears, with the seven black characteristics of black crown, black beak, black tongue, black skin, black meat, black bones, and black feet, and the body shape is crescent-shaped. The weight of hens at 136 days of age when sold is 1.80 kg, the feed-to-weight ratio is 4.42, the average weight of roosters at 115 days of age when sold is 2.13 kg, the feed-to-weight ratio is 4.02, the survival rate is 95.6%, and the L value of the skin is about 37.2.

[0064] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the spirit and technical solution of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating black-boned chickens with black sesame feathers and meat-use type having the characteristics of Qiwu, characterized in that, The cultivation method includes the following steps: S1. Using the yellow - feathered line of Xuefeng black - boned chickens as the H - line material, conducting successive inbred pure - line breeding to obtain yellow - feathered roosters as the first male parent; using the recessive white - feathered Xuefeng black - boned chickens as the B - line material, conducting successive inbred pure - line selection to obtain recessive white - feathered hens as the first female parent. S2. Crossing the first male parent with the first female parent, and selecting the yellow - feathered Xuefeng black - boned chickens among the hybrid offspring as the terminal female parent. S3. Using the black - sesame - feathered line of black - boned chickens as the KM - line material, conducting successive inbred pure - line breeding to obtain black - sesame - feathered roosters as the terminal male parent, and crossing them with the terminal female parent to obtain commercial - generation black - sesame - feathered meat - type black - boned chickens. The cultivation method of the terminal male parent includes: S3 - 1. Taking black - feathered Xuefeng black - boned chickens and red - combed chickens as the zero - generation, expanding the offspring of the zero - generation male and female according to the family - breeding method, conducting selection of body appearance and body weight at 1, 42, 84, and 120 days of age in each generation, and conducting performance measurement at 280 days of age. S3 - 2. Selecting qualified individuals as the first generation according to the breeding goal of the black - sesame - feathered line, conducting successive inbred expansion of the selected individuals, and selecting offspring individuals as the second generation according to the same standard, and so on. After continuous selection for more than 5 generations, the commercial - generation black - sesame - feathered line of black - boned chickens is bred.

2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The breeding method of the first male parent includes: SA - 1. Taking yellow - feathered Xuefeng black - boned chickens as the zero - generation, expanding the offspring of the zero - generation male and female according to the family - breeding method, conducting selection of body appearance and skin L - value at 1, 42, 84, and 120 days of age in each generation, and conducting performance measurement at 280 days of age. SA - 2. Selecting qualified individuals as the first generation according to the breeding goal of the yellow - feathered line, conducting successive inbred expansion of the selected individuals, and selecting offspring individuals as the second generation according to the same standard, and so on. After continuous selection for more than 5 generations, the yellow - feathered line of black - boned chickens is bred.

3. The cultivation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The selection criteria for body appearance and skin L - value include: yellow - sesame feathers, blue ears, with the seven - black characteristics of black crown, black beak, black tongue, black skin, black meat, black bones, and black feet, and skin L - value ≤ 35. The performance measurement criteria include: the detection rate of leukemia before breeding ≤ 0.1%, the detection rate of pullorum disease ≤ 0.5%, the muscle shear force of roosters at 130 days of age is 9.2 N, the drip loss is 0.86%, the muscle shear force of hens at 150 days of age is 11.2 N, and the drip loss is 1.19%.

4. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The breeding method of the first female parent includes: SB - 1. Taking recessive white - feathered Xuefeng black - boned chickens as the zero - generation, expanding the offspring of the zero - generation male and female according to the family - breeding method, conducting selection of body appearance and skin L - value at 1, 42, 84, and 120 days of age in each generation, and conducting performance measurement at 280 days of age. SB - 2. Selecting qualified individuals as the first generation according to the breeding goal of the white - feathered line, conducting successive inbred expansion of the selected individuals, and selecting offspring individuals as the second generation according to the same standard, and so on. After continuous selection for more than 5 generations, the white - feathered line of black - boned chickens is bred.

5. The cultivation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The selection criteria for body appearance and skin L - value include: recessive white feathers, blue ears, with the seven - black characteristics of black crown, black beak, black tongue, black skin, black meat, black bones, and black feet, and skin L - value ≤ 35. The performance measurement criteria include: the detection rate of leukemia before seed selection ≤ 0.1%, the detection rate of pullorum disease ≤ 0.7%, the peak egg production rate ≥ 70%, and the number of eggs produced at 66 weeks of age ≥ 170.

6. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein The selection criteria for body appearance and weight in S3-1 include: black sesame feathers, with the seven-black characteristics of black crown, black beak, black tongue, black skin, black meat, black bones, and black feet; the weight of roosters ≥ 1.9 kg at 84 days of age, the weight of hens ≥ 1.5 kg, the weight of roosters ≥ 2.5 kg at 126 days of age, the weight of hens ≥ 2.0 kg, and the skin L value ≤ 40.

7. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The commercial black sesame feather line of silky fowl has the following stable body characteristics: Black sesame feathers, blue ears, with the seven-black characteristics of black crown, black beak, black tongue, black skin, black meat, black bones, and black feet, and the body shape is crescent-shaped; the average weight of hens at 130-150 days of age is 1.76 kg-1.83 kg, the feed-to-weight ratio is 4.46-4.50, the average weight of roosters at 110-130 days of age is 2.06 kg-2.25 kg, the feed-to-weight ratio is 4.02-4.12, the survival rate reaches over 95%, and the skin L value ≤ 40.

Images