An Adaptive Control Method for Solar Irradiance Observation Layers within Ice
By setting up multiple observation layers within polar sea ice and adjusting the layers using the Beer-Lambert law, the problem of measurement inaccuracies caused by variations in sea ice thickness was solved, enabling accurate acquisition of optical characteristic parameters within the ice and long-term observation stability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410594688.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-05-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies cannot automatically adjust the solar irradiance measurement layer to adapt to changes in polar sea ice thickness, resulting in inaccurate measurements of sea ice optical properties.
By setting up multiple observation layers within the high scattering layer and sea ice layer, and using a spectrometer to measure the spectral intensity of solar irradiance, the spectral attenuation coefficient is calculated according to the Beer-Lambert law, and the observation layers are automatically adjusted to adapt to changes in the thickness of the high scattering layer.
This improves the accuracy and stability of measurement results, ensuring the reliability and versatility of data in long-term polar sea ice observations and adapting to the observation needs of different media.
Smart Images
Figure CN118533294B_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automatic control, and in particular to an ice-in solar irradiance observation layer position adaptive control method. BACKGROUND
[0002] The polar region has become an important strategic region for global countries to compete for, due to its important strategic geographical position, rich resource endowment, and unique climate conditions. Sea ice, as an important part of the polar ocean system, has a profound impact on the polar marine environment, upper ocean processes, and global climate change. Research on sea ice changes has important scientific significance and application value. In recent decades, with the intensification of global warming, the Arctic sea ice has undergone significant changes. The coverage of the Arctic sea ice shows a clear decreasing trend, and the significant reduction of multi-year ice and the increase of one-year ice have become the main characteristics of this change. Solar radiation, as one of the important factors driving the change of sea ice, has an important influence on the growth and decay process of sea ice and its physical properties. Long-term continuous observation of the internal solar radiation of polar sea ice can help understand the distribution of solar radiation energy in the sea ice and obtain the optical properties of the sea ice, which is of great significance to reveal the mechanism of sea ice change, evaluate its impact on the global climate system, and predict future trends.
[0003] For the measurement of internal solar radiation of polar sea ice, optical sensors such as spectrometers can be used to measure the solar irradiance at different depths in the ice. However, polar sea ice has a clear stratification phenomenon, and from top to bottom, it can be divided into a high scattering layer (including snow layer, surface scattering layer), sea ice layer, and seawater layer, with different optical properties in different layers. And with the change of seasons, the thickness of sea ice changes greatly, causing the thickness of each layer to change accordingly. To obtain more accurate optical properties (such as spectral diffuse attenuation coefficient) of each layer, the measurement layer position of solar irradiance in each layer needs to reach a certain number to fit and calculate the more accurate optical properties. This requires the measurement layer position of solar irradiance to automatically adjust to the thickness change of each layer. This technology is crucial for obtaining accurate optical properties of sea ice, and there is currently no report on it. SUMMARY
[0004] The present application aims at the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides an ice-in solar irradiance observation layer position adaptive control method.
[0005] The purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical solution: an ice-in solar irradiance observation layer position adaptive control method, comprising the following steps:
[0006] (1) first measure the thickness of the sea ice to be measured using a measuring tool to obtain the initial thickness of the high scattering layer and the sea ice layer;
[0007] (2) According to the initial thicknesses of the high scattering layer and the sea ice layer, 5 observation layer positions are uniformly arranged in the vertical direction in the high scattering layer: a first observation layer position is arranged on the upper surface of the high scattering layer, a fifth observation layer position is arranged on the lower surface of the high scattering layer, and a second observation layer position, a third observation layer position and a fourth observation layer position are uniformly arranged between the first observation layer position and the fifth observation layer position; and 10 observation layer positions are uniformly arranged in the vertical direction in the sea ice layer and the water under the ice: a sixth observation layer position to a fifteenth observation layer position;
[0008] (3) A corresponding observation layer position adjustment period is set as N days; in the tth observation layer position adjustment period, the spectral intensity of the in-ice solar irradiance of all observation layer positions is measured by a spectrometer, and a set of irradiance spectral intensities {F t} is obtained: Wherein, represents the in-ice solar irradiance spectral intensity of any one observation layer position in the tth observation layer position adjustment period;
[0009] (4) According to the set of irradiance spectral intensities {F t}, the spectral attenuation coefficients are calculated based on the radiation transfer theory and the Beer-Lambert law, the new position of the first observation layer position in the high scattering layer is updated, and the new thickness of the high scattering layer is calculated;
[0010] (5) According to the new thickness of the high scattering layer calculated, the position of the first observation layer position in the next observation layer position adjustment period and the upper surface of the high scattering layer are reset, and then the next observation layer position adjustment period is waited.
[0011] Further, the step (1) specifically comprises the following sub-steps:
[0012] (1.1) An ice hole is drilled on the sea ice using a drilling tool; the drilling tool is an ice drill;
[0013] (1.2) The position of the high scattering layer is determined according to the hole wall surface structure of the ice hole, and a measuring tool is used to measure to obtain the initial thicknesses of the high scattering layer and the sea ice layer; the measuring tool is an ice ruler.
[0014] Further, the step (4) specifically comprises the following sub-steps:
[0015] (4.1) According to the set of irradiance spectral intensities {F t}, the spectral attenuation coefficients between the first observation layer position and the second observation layer position the spectral attenuation coefficients between the second observation layer position and the third observation layer position the spectral attenuation coefficients between the third observation layer position and the fourth observation layer position
[0016]
[0017]
[0018]
[0019] in, This represents the depth of the first observation layer from the upper surface of the high scattering layer within the t-th round of observation layer adjustment cycle; This represents the depth of the second observation layer from the upper surface of the high scattering layer within the t-th round of observation layer adjustment cycle; This represents the depth of the third observation layer from the upper surface of the high scattering layer within the t-th round of observation layer adjustment cycle; This represents the depth of the fourth observation layer from the upper surface of the high scattering layer within the t-th round of observation layer adjustment cycle;
[0020] (4.2) Calculate and judge Value:
[0021] (a.1) When When the value is between 0.5 and 2, it indicates that the thickness of the high scattering layer has not changed, and there is no need to update the observation layers. We should wait for the next round of observation layer adjustment.
[0022] (a.2) When When the value is less than 0.5, it indicates that the thickness of the high-scattering layer has become thinner, so further calculations and judgments are needed. Value: When When the value is not less than 0.5, it indicates that the upper surface of the high scattering layer in this round is located between the first and second observation layers. The first observation layer is then updated: the updated first observation layer is set at the midpoint between the first and second observation layers in this round. When the value is less than 0.5, it indicates that the upper surface of the high scattering layer in this round is located between the second and third observation layers in this round. The first observation layer is then updated: the updated first observation layer is set at the position of the second observation layer in this round.
[0023] (a.3) When When the value is greater than 2, it indicates that the thickness of the high scattering layer may have increased, and the first observation layer is updated: the updated first observation layer is set at the middle position between the first and second observation layers in this round.
[0024] (4.3) The new thickness of the high scattering layer in this round is calculated based on the updated positions of the first and fifth observation layers.
[0025] Furthermore, step (5) specifically includes:
[0026] When the new thickness of the high scattering layer in the current round is 1-20 cm, the position of the updated first observation layer is taken as the first observation layer of the next round of observation layer adjustment period and the position of the upper surface of the high scattering layer, and then waiting for the next round of observation layer adjustment period;
[0027] When the new thickness of the high scattering layer in the current round is less than 1 cm, the position of the first observation layer of the next round of observation layer adjustment period is set to be 1 cm above the fifth observation layer and taken as the position of the upper surface of the high scattering layer in the next round of observation layer adjustment period, and then waiting for the next round of observation layer adjustment period;
[0028] When the new thickness of the high scattering layer in the current round is greater than 20 cm, the position of the first observation layer of the next round of observation layer adjustment period is set to be 20 cm above the fifth observation layer and taken as the position of the upper surface of the high scattering layer in the next round of observation layer adjustment period, and then waiting for the next round of observation layer adjustment period.
[0029] The beneficial effects of the present application are: 1) the measurement result is less affected by the change of sea ice, ensuring the accuracy of the data; the method used in the present application can automatically and flexibly adjust the observation layer according to the thickness change of the high scattering layer, ensuring that 5 observation layers are set in the high scattering layer and 10 observation layers are set in the sea ice and the seawater under the ice; such observation layer distribution enables each layer in the ice to obtain a sufficient amount of solar irradiance measurement data, and thus it is easier to obtain accurate optical property parameters through fitting means;
[0030] 2) high stability; in polar scientific research, in order to reveal the long-term change trend of the ocean, long-term in-situ observation and data accumulation are usually required; the regulation method can effectively reduce the influence of seasonal change of sea ice on the measurement result, ensuring the stability of the long-term in-situ measurement data, and providing reliable long-term in-situ observation data for researchers; these data are of great significance for polar ocean scientific research;
[0031] 3) strong universality; the regulation method described in the present application can be used for long-term in-situ measurement of solar radiation in other media; as long as the transmission of solar radiation in the medium follows the Beer-Lambert law, the method is also applicable, thereby enabling the present application to have a wide application prospect in more fields;
[0032] 4) strong scalability; with the continuous development of polar scientific research and the continuous progress of technology, researchers may need more observation data of observation layers or use more advanced observation sensors; the present application can be easily expanded and upgraded to meet these needs; whether the number of observation layers is increased or more advanced sensors are introduced, the present application can quickly adapt and play a greater role to meet the continuous development needs of scientific research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0033] Figure 1 A flow chart of an ice-in solar irradiance observation layer adaptive regulation method;
[0034] Figure 2 A setting diagram of 15 observation layers in high scattering layer, sea ice layer and under-ice water;
[0035] Figure 3 A flow chart of step (4) in the embodiment;
[0036] Figure 4 A flow chart of step (5) in the embodiment;
[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an actual application system structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0038] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, further detailed description will be given to the present application in combination with the drawings and embodiments, and it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the protection scope of the present application.
[0039] The ice-in solar irradiance observation layer adaptive regulation method provided by the present application is realized based on an ATXMEGA128A1 8-bit single-chip microcomputer produced by Atmel Company. The main technical problems solved by the present application are as follows: (1) The data accuracy is improved, and the observation layer is automatically and flexibly adjusted according to the thickness change of the high scattering layer, so that 5 observation layers are set in the high scattering layer, and 10 observation layers are set in the sea ice and under-ice seawater. This method enables a certain amount of solar irradiance measurement data to be collected in each layer in the ice, so that the accurate optical characteristic parameters are more easily obtained through fitting. (2) The stability of the observation system is enhanced. The long-term in-situ observation and data accumulation are required for marine scientific research to reveal long-term change trends. This method can cope with the influence of seasonal and temperature changes on sea ice, ensure measurement stability, and avoid data drift or error accumulation. (3) The universality and scalability are improved. The present application can adapt to different wavelengths and observation requirements, and provides more flexible and diversified observation means for researchers.
[0040] Embodiment 1
[0041] As shown in Figure 1 The present application provides an ice-in solar irradiance observation layer adaptive regulation method, which comprises the following steps:
[0042] (1) First, use a measuring tool to measure the thickness of the sea ice to be tested, and obtain the initial thickness of the high-scattering layer and the sea ice layer.
[0043] Step (1) specifically includes the following sub-steps:
[0044] (1.1) Drill a hole in the sea ice using a drilling tool; the drilling tool is an ice drill.
[0045] (1.2) Determine the location of the high-scattering layer based on the surface structure of the ice hole wall, and use a measuring tool to measure it to obtain the initial thickness of the high-scattering layer and the sea ice layer; the measuring tool is an ice ruler.
[0046] (2) Figure 2 As shown, based on the initial thickness of the high scattering layer and the sea ice layer, five observation layers are uniformly set in the vertical direction within the high scattering layer: the first observation layer (#1) is set on the upper surface of the high scattering layer, the fifth observation layer (#5) is set on the lower surface of the high scattering layer, and the second observation layer (#2), the third observation layer (#3), and the fourth observation layer (#4) are uniformly set between the first and fifth observation layers; and ten observation layers are uniformly set in the vertical direction within the sea ice layer and the subglacial water: the sixth to the fifteenth observation layers (#6 to #15).
[0047] (3) Set the corresponding observation layer adjustment period to N days; within the t-th round of observation layer adjustment period, use a spectrometer to measure the spectral intensity of solar irradiance within the ice at all observation layers, and obtain the irradiance spectral intensity set {F}. t}: in, It represents the spectral intensity of intra-ice solar irradiance at any observation layer within the t-th round of observation layer adjustment cycle.
[0048] In this embodiment, the observation horizon adjustment period is N = 3 days.
[0049] (4) Based on the irradiance spectral intensity set {F t Based on radiative transfer theory and Beer-Lambert law, the spectral attenuation coefficient is calculated, the new position of the first observation layer in the high scattering layer is updated, and the new thickness of the high scattering layer is calculated.
[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, step (4) specifically includes the following sub-steps:
[0051] (4.1) Based on the irradiance spectral intensity set {F t The spectral attenuation coefficient between the first and second observation layers was calculated. (k 12 ), spectral attenuation coefficient between the second and third observation layers (k 23 ) the spectral attenuation coefficient between the first observation horizon and the second observation horizon (k 34 ):
[0052]
[0053]
[0054]
[0055] wherein, represents the depth of the first observation horizon from the upper surface of the high scattering layer in the tth observation horizon adjustment period; represents the depth of the second observation horizon from the upper surface of the high scattering layer in the tth observation horizon adjustment period; represents the depth of the third observation horizon from the upper surface of the high scattering layer in the tth observation horizon adjustment period; represents the depth of the fourth observation horizon from the upper surface of the high scattering layer in the tth observation horizon adjustment period.
[0056] The spectral attenuation coefficient is calculated based on the radiative transfer theory and the Beer-Lambert law, and the calculation process is specifically as follows:
[0057] (a1) Based on the radiative transfer theory, assuming that the solar radiation transmission inside the sea ice follows the Beer-Lambert law, the solar downward irradiance spectral intensity F↓(z, λ) at the depth z in the ice is:
[0058] F↓(z, λ) = F0(λ) e -k(λ)z (1);
[0059] wherein, z represents the depth from the upper surface of the high scattering layer; F0(λ) represents the incident spectral irradiance; k(λ) represents the spectral attenuation coefficient.
[0060] (a2) Optionally, two different depths z1 and z2 inside the sea ice are calculated to obtain the corresponding solar downward irradiance spectral intensity F↓(z1, λ) and F↓(z2, λ);
[0061]
[0062]
[0063] (a3) Dividing formula (2) by formula (3) to obtain:
[0064]
[0065] (a4) Taking logarithm on both sides of equation (4) and transforming, the spectral attenuation coefficient k between depth z1 and depth z2 is obtained 1,2 (λ) :
[0066]
[0067] The reason for only estimating the upper interface position of the high scattering layer is that the high scattering layer is located above the sea ice layer, and the change in the thickness of the high scattering layer can be considered to start from the upper interface (i.e., the interface between air and the high scattering layer). That is, whether the snow or the surface scattering layer becomes thinner due to the absorption of solar radiation energy or becomes thicker due to snowfall, etc., all occurs at the upper surface of the high scattering layer. The lower surface of the high scattering layer can be considered to be stable.
[0068] (4.2) Calculate and determine the value of (k 12 / k 23 ):
[0069] (a.1) When the value of is between 0.5 and 2, it indicates that the thickness of the high scattering layer has not changed, and each observation layer does not need to be updated, waiting for the next observation layer adjustment period.
[0070] (a.2) When the value of is less than 0.5, it indicates that the thickness of the high scattering layer has become thinner, and the value of is further calculated and determined: when the value of is not less than 0.5, it indicates that the upper surface of the high scattering layer in this round is located between the first observation layer and the second observation layer, and the first observation layer is updated: the updated first observation layer is set at the middle position of the first observation layer and the second observation layer in this round; when the value of is less than 0.5, it indicates that the upper surface of the high scattering layer in this round is located between the second observation layer and the third observation layer in this round, and the first observation layer is updated: the updated first observation layer is set at the position of the second observation layer in this round.
[0071] (a.3) When the value of is greater than 2, it indicates that the thickness of the high scattering layer may become thicker, and the first observation layer is updated: the updated first observation layer is set at the middle position of the first observation layer and the second observation layer in this round.
[0072] (4.3) According to the position of the updated first observation layer and the fifth observation layer, the new thickness of the high scattering layer in this round is calculated.
[0073] (5) According to the calculated new thickness of the high scattering layer, the first observation layer position of the next round of observation layer position adjustment period and the position of the upper surface of the high scattering layer are reset, and then the next round of observation layer position adjustment period is waited.
[0074] As shown in Figure 4 , the step (5) is specifically:
[0075] When the new thickness (Z 高散射层 ) of the high scattering layer in this round is 1-20 cm, the position of the updated first observation layer position is taken as the first observation layer position of the next round of observation layer position adjustment period and the position of the upper surface of the high scattering layer, and then the next round of observation layer position adjustment period is waited.
[0076] When the new thickness of the high scattering layer in this round is less than 1 cm, the position of the first observation layer position of the next round of observation layer position adjustment period is set at 1 cm above the fifth observation layer position and taken as the position of the upper surface of the high scattering layer in the next round of observation layer position adjustment period, and then the next round of observation layer position adjustment period is waited.
[0077] When the new thickness of the high scattering layer in this round is greater than 20 cm, the position of the first observation layer position of the next round of observation layer position adjustment period is set at 20 cm above the fifth observation layer position and taken as the position of the upper surface of the high scattering layer in the next round of observation layer position adjustment period, and then the next round of observation layer position adjustment period is waited.
[0078] (6) The relationship between the solar irradiance of each layer in the ice and the depth of the sea ice is obtained by measuring the data with the spectrometer.
[0079] As shown in Figure 5 , the figure is an ice solar irradiance profile observation system using the present application. The system uses a transparent sealed cabin to transmit the solar radiation signal in the ice to the cabin, and uses a spectrometer with movable position in the cabin to measure, so as to realize long-term in-situ observation of the solar radiation profile in the ice. In the long-term use process, with the seasonal change of sea ice, the thickness of the high scattering layer also changes. Using the adaptive control method described in the present application, the profile observation system can automatically adapt to the change of the thickness of the high scattering layer and automatically adjust the measurement layer position in the high scattering layer, so as to ensure that there is a sufficient number of measurement data in the high scattering layer, and lay a foundation for accurately obtaining the optical parameters of each layer in the ice.
[0080] Although the present application uses the parameters, structure and spectral measurement method thereof are described in detail by specific examples in the present specification, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that with the development of technology, the implementation of the present application is not limited to the description range of the examples, various modifications and replacements can be made to the present application without departing from the essential and spiritual range of the present application, therefore, the protection scope of the present application is defined by the scope of claims.
Claims
1. An ice-in-sun solar irradiance observation layer adaptive regulation method, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: (1) measuring the thickness of the sea ice to be measured by using a measuring tool to obtain the initial thickness of the high scattering layer and the sea ice layer; (2) according to the initial thickness of the high scattering layer and the sea ice layer, five observation layer positions are uniformly arranged in the vertical direction in the high scattering layer: a first observation layer position is arranged on the upper surface of the high scattering layer, a fifth observation layer position is arranged on the lower surface of the high scattering layer, and a second observation layer position, a third observation layer position and a fourth observation layer position are uniformly arranged between the first observation layer position and the fifth observation layer position; and ten observation layer positions are uniformly arranged in the vertical direction in the sea ice layer and the water under the ice: a sixth observation layer position to a fifteenth observation layer position; (3) Set the corresponding observation layer adjustment period as day; the wheel observation layer adjustment period, use the spectrometer to measure the solar radiation spectrum intensity in the ice of all observation layers, and obtain the radiation spectrum intensity set : , wherein represents the solar radiation spectrum intensity in the ice of any one observation layer in the wheel observation layer adjustment period. (4) According to the irradiance spectrum intensity set , based on the radiation transfer theory and the Beer-Lambert law, the spectral attenuation coefficient is calculated, the new position of the first observation layer in the high scattering layer is updated, and the new thickness of the high scattering layer is calculated. The step (4) specifically comprises the following sub-steps: (4.1) calculating, from the set of spectral intensities of irradiance a spectral attenuation coefficient between the first observation horizon and the second observation horizon a spectral attenuation coefficient between the second observation horizon and the third observation horizon a spectral attenuation coefficient between the third observation horizon and the fourth observation horizon : ； ； ； wherein, represents the first observation level distance from the upper surface of the high scattering layer in the first observation level adjustment cycle; represents the first observation level distance from the upper surface of the high scattering layer in the first observation level adjustment cycle; represents the second observation level distance from the upper surface of the high scattering layer in the second observation level adjustment cycle; represents the second observation level distance from the upper surface of the high scattering layer in the second observation level adjustment cycle; represents the third observation level distance from the upper surface of the high scattering layer in the third observation level adjustment cycle; represents the third observation level distance from the upper surface of the high scattering layer in the third observation level adjustment cycle; represents the fourth observation level distance from the upper surface of the high scattering layer in the fourth observation level adjustment cycle; represents the fourth observation level distance from the upper surface of the high scattering layer in the fourth observation level adjustment cycle; (4.2) Calculate and judge the value of : (a.1) when If the value of the ratio of the thickness of the high scattering layer to the thickness of the low scattering layer is between 0.5 and 2, it indicates that the thickness of the high scattering layer has not changed, and each observed horizon does not need to be updated, and waits for the next round of observed horizon adjustment period; (a.2) when is less than 0.5, it indicates that the high scattering layer thickness is thin, then further calculate and determine the value of : when is not less than 0.5, it indicates that the upper surface of the high scattering layer in this round is located between the first observation horizon and the second observation horizon, update the first observation horizon: set the updated first observation horizon at the middle position between the first observation horizon and the second observation horizon in this round; when is less than 0.5, it indicates that the upper surface of the high scattering layer in this round is located between the second observation horizon and the third observation horizon in this round, update the first observation horizon: set the updated first observation horizon at the position of the second observation horizon in this round; (a.3) when If the value of the difference between the first and second observed horizons is greater than 2, it indicates that the high scattering layer thickness can be thickened, and the first observed horizon is updated: the updated first observed horizon is set at the middle position of the first and second observed horizons in this round. (4.3) according to the positions of the updated first observation layer position and the fifth observation layer position, the new thickness of the current high scattering layer is calculated; (5) according to the new thickness of the high scattering layer calculated, the position of the first observation layer position of the next observation layer position adjustment period and the upper surface of the high scattering layer are re-set, and then the next observation layer position adjustment period is waited.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: The step (1) specifically comprises the following sub-steps: (1.1) drilling an ice hole on the sea ice by using a drilling tool; the drilling tool is an ice drill; (1.2) judging the position of the high scattering layer according to the hole wall surface structure of the ice hole, and measuring the initial thickness of the high scattering layer and the sea ice layer by using a measuring tool; the measuring tool is an ice ruler.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method further comprises: The step (5) is specifically: when the new thickness of the current high scattering layer is 1-20 cm, the position of the updated first observation layer position is taken as the position of the first observation layer position of the next observation layer position adjustment period and the upper surface of the high scattering layer, and then the next observation layer position adjustment period is waited; when the new thickness of the current high scattering layer is less than 1 cm, the position of the first observation layer position of the next observation layer position adjustment period is set at 1 cm above the fifth observation layer position and taken as the position of the upper surface of the high scattering layer of the next observation layer position adjustment period, and then the next observation layer position adjustment period is waited; when the new thickness of the current high scattering layer is greater than 20 cm, the position of the first observation layer position of the next observation layer position adjustment period is set at 20 cm above the fifth observation layer position and taken as the position of the upper surface of the high scattering layer of the next observation layer position adjustment period, and then the next observation layer position adjustment period is waited.