An environmentally friendly biomass boiler with flue gas waste heat recovery

Abstract

The present invention discloses an environmentally friendly biomass boiler with waste heat recovery from flue gas, and relates to the technical field of boilers. An environmentally friendly biomass boiler with waste heat recovery from flue gas comprises a boiler, a feed port is arranged at the top of the boiler, an exhaust hole is arranged at the upper part of the boiler, a sealing cover is rotatably connected to the feed port, an inner cavity plate is fixedly connected in the boiler, a support plate is fixedly connected to the lower side of the inner cavity plate, a slag discharge pipe connected to the support plate and located at the lower side of the support plate is fixedly connected to the boiler, an electric push rod is fixedly connected to the upper part of the boiler, a ring plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod, the ring plate is slidably connected to a circumferentially distributed sliding rod, and a scraper is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding rod close to the inner wall of the boiler. The present invention cleans the inner wall of the inner cavity plate by the electric push rod pushing the ring plate upward, so that the ring plate drives the scraper to move upward, thereby avoiding the scale on the inner wall of the inner cavity plate from hindering heat transfer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of boilers, and in particular to an environmentally friendly biomass boiler with flue gas waste heat recovery. Background Art

[0002] A biomass boiler is a device that uses organic matter such as wood residues, crop straw, waste plants, sawdust, charcoal, etc. as fuel. Although these raw materials are renewable, they will produce dust, tar and organic matter when burned. Dust, tar and organic matter will be deposited and accumulated on the side walls of the biomass boiler to form scale. These scales accumulated on the inner wall of the boiler will not only absorb part of the heat, but also due to the poor thermal conductivity of the scale, the accumulation of the scale on the inner wall will cause the overall heat transfer efficiency of the boiler to decrease, resulting in the heat energy generated by the combustion of biomass fuel cannot be effectively transferred to the boiler water or steam, resulting in the heat being discharged with the gas, causing a large amount of heat to be wasted. Most of the existing devices only dismantle the boiler for cleaning after a period of use, and cannot clean the boiler in real time, which will cause a large amount of heat to be wasted during the use of the boiler. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the disadvantage that when biomass is burned in the boiler to generate heat, the inner wall will absorb debris such as dust and tar, resulting in reduced heat transfer efficiency of the side wall, the present invention provides a flue gas waste heat recovery type environmentally friendly biomass boiler.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a flue gas waste heat recovery type environmentally friendly biomass boiler, comprising a boiler, a feed port is arranged at the top of the boiler, an exhaust hole is arranged at the upper part of the boiler, a sealing cover is rotatably connected to the feed port, an inner cavity plate is fixedly connected in the boiler, a support plate is fixedly connected to the lower side of the inner cavity plate, the support plate is provided with evenly distributed holes, an annular filter is fixedly connected to the support plate, a slag discharge pipe connected to the support plate and located at the lower side of the support plate is fixedly connected to the boiler, a water pump is fixedly connected to the upper part of the boiler, the water pump is connected to a water pipe located between the boiler and the inner cavity plate, and the boiler A fan is fixedly connected to the lower side of the support plate, an electric push rod is fixedly connected to the upper part of the boiler, a telescopic end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to an annular plate, the annular plate is slidably connected to a circumferentially distributed sliding rod, one end of the sliding rod close to the inner wall of the boiler is fixedly connected to a scraper, a waste shell is detachably connected to the upper part of the boiler, an opening is provided on the inner side of the waste shell, a discharge port is provided on the waste shell, a solenoid valve is provided in the discharge port, a limiting mechanism for pushing the scraper to scrape impurities in the inner cavity plate is provided in the boiler, and a cleaning mechanism for scraping residual debris on the scraper is provided in the boiler.

[0005] As a further preferred solution, the support plate is an arc-shaped plate, and the center of the support plate is concave downwards.

[0006] As a further preferred scheme, the limiting mechanism includes symmetrically distributed liquid storage tubes, which are all fixedly connected to the top of the boiler, and a sliding shaft is slidably connected inside the liquid storage tubes. A one-way valve and a through hole are provided on the upper part of the sliding shaft, and an extrusion plate is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding shaft close to the scraper, and an extrusion block is fixedly connected to one end of the circumferentially distributed sliding rods away from the adjacent scraper, a first spring is fixedly connected between the extrusion block and the annular plate, and the annular plate and the circumferentially distributed extrusion blocks are both matched with the extrusion plate.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment, the cleaning mechanism includes circumferentially distributed guide rods, the circumferentially distributed guide rods are all fixed to the upper part of the inner side of the inner cavity plate, the circumferentially distributed guide rods are slidably connected with elastic plates at one end close to the adjacent scraper, a second spring is fixed between the circumferentially distributed elastic plate and the inner side of the inner cavity plate, and the elastic plate cooperates with the adjacent scraper.

[0008] As a further preferred solution, the lower portion of the outer side of the scraper is provided with an upward inclined surface, and the inclined surface on the scraper cooperates with the elastic plate.

[0009] As a further preferred scheme, it also includes a collecting mechanism, which is arranged inside the boiler, and is used to collect small particles on the upper side of the support plate. The collecting mechanism includes a first motor, which is fixedly connected to the lower part of the boiler, and the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, and the outer side of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a first auger, an arc filter is fixedly connected inside the support plate, and the arc filter is located at the lower side of the annular filter, and an isolation frame is fixedly connected to the upper side of the arc filter, and the upper and lower parts of the isolation frame are both provided with circumferentially distributed holes, the upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a fixed frame, and the fixed frame is rotatably connected to the isolation frame, the upper part of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to symmetrically distributed rotating rods, the lower part of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to circumferentially distributed collecting rods, and the collecting rods are slidably connected to the support plate, and a sealing mechanism is provided at the lower part of the rotating shaft, and the sealing mechanism is used to seal the holes opened in the support plate.

[0010] As a further preferred scheme, the sealing mechanism includes an extrusion ring, which is arranged at the lower part of the rotating shaft, an L-shaped tube is fixedly connected to the lower part of the boiler, and the end of the L-shaped tube close to the rotating shaft is slidably connected with an extrusion rod, and the extrusion rod is extruded and matched with the extrusion ring, a third spring is fixedly connected between the extrusion rod and the L-shaped tube, and the other end of the L-shaped tube is slidably connected with the L-shaped rod, and a fourth spring is fixedly connected between the L-shaped rod and the L-shaped tube, the support plate is rotatably connected with a limiting ring, the limiting ring is matched with the L-shaped rod, and a sealing plate is fixedly connected to one side of the limiting ring close to the support plate, the sealing plate is provided with evenly distributed holes, and the aperture of the holes on the sealing plate is the same as the aperture of the holes on the support plate, the sealing plate is sealingly matched with the support plate, and the lower part of the inner cavity plate is fixedly connected with a circumferentially distributed air intake pipe, and the ends of the circumferentially distributed air intake pipes close to the rotating shaft are all rotatably connected with convex pipes, and the circumferentially distributed convex pipes are rotatably connected with an annular pipe.

[0011] As a further preferred scheme, a sliding groove is arranged on the outer side of the limiting ring, the upper end of the L-shaped rod is a cross bar, the left end of the cross bar is a ball head, and it slides with the sliding groove on the right side of the limiting ring, and the diameter of the ball head is smaller than the diameter of the sliding groove on the limiting ring.

[0012] As a further preferred solution, a filtering mechanism is also included, the filtering mechanism is arranged on the upper part of the boiler, the filtering mechanism is used to filter solid impurities in the exhaust gas, the filtering mechanism includes an exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the upper part of the boiler, and the exhaust hole on the boiler and the inner cavity plate are both connected to the exhaust pipe, a circular filter is fixedly connected in the exhaust pipe, a transmission shaft is rotatably connected in the exhaust pipe, and the transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the circular filter, a fan blade is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft away from the boiler, and the other end of the transmission shaft is connected to the exhaust pipe. A symmetrically distributed collecting shell is fixedly connected, and the symmetrically distributed collecting shells are respectively located on both sides of the circular filter, the collecting shell is fitted with the circular filter, a hole is opened on the side of the collecting shell away from the transmission shaft, the exhaust pipe is connected with a storage pipe, and the connecting hole between the exhaust pipe and the storage pipe is located on the lower side of the circular filter, the storage pipe is connected with the waste shell, and a second motor is fixedly connected to the end of the storage pipe away from the boiler, and the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to a second auger located in the storage pipe, and the second auger is rotatably connected to the storage pipe.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment, a preheating mechanism is further included, which is arranged on the outside of the boiler, and is used to preheat the gas entering the boiler. The preheating mechanism includes an exchange shell, which is fixed to the middle part of the outside of the boiler, and the upper part of the exchange shell is fixed to and connected with the exhaust pipe, an air inlet is provided on the upper side of the exchange shell, symmetrically distributed partition plates are fixed in the exchange shell, and the partition plates close to the air inlet are connected with the exhaust pipe, and uniformly distributed ventilation pipes are connected between the symmetrically distributed partition plates, an air outlet is provided at the lower part of the exchange shell, a temperature sensor is provided in the air outlet, and the air outlet is located between the symmetrically distributed partition plates, and a conveying pipe is connected between the lower side of the exchange shell and the fan.

[0014] The present invention has the following advantages: 1. The present invention cleans the inner wall of the inner cavity plate by pushing the annular plate upward with the electric push rod, so that the annular plate drives the scraper to move upward, thereby avoiding the scale accumulation on the inner wall of the inner cavity plate hindering heat transfer and maintaining the heat absorption efficiency of the water in the water pipe.

[0015] 2. The present invention uses an elastic plate to clean the impurities remaining on the scraper slope, so as to prevent the debris attached to the scraper slope from falling onto the biomass surface at the bottom when the scraper moves downward, thereby hindering the combustion of the biomass.

[0016] 3. The present invention separates small pieces of material and residue by stirring the biomass with a collecting rod, and pushes the small pieces of material to the upper layer of the large pieces of material through the first auger, so that the gap between the materials on the support plate is increased, thereby increasing the heat generation efficiency of the boiler.

[0017] 4. The present invention separates and collects solid ash in the exhaust gas through a circular filter screen, thereby preventing the ash from being blown into the atmosphere by the exhaust gas.

[0018] 5. The present invention preheats the air through the exchange shell to prevent the air from absorbing the heat generated by the biomass combustion after entering the boiler, thereby reducing the efficiency of the boiler. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the boiler, feed inlet and inner cavity plate of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the waste shell, scraper and fan of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the boiler, liquid storage pipe and elastic plate of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the electric push rod, the liquid storage tube and the elastic plate of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the liquid storage tube, the sliding shaft and the elastic plate of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the extrusion plate, the extrusion block and the first spring of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first motor, the exhaust pipe and the exchange shell of the present invention;

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the isolation frame, L-shaped tube and convex tube of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first motor, the rotating shaft and the first auger of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.11 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the rotating shaft, the first auger and the isolation frame of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the extrusion ring, L-shaped tube and extrusion rod of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the exchange shell, ventilation pipe and delivery pipe of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the transmission shaft, fan blades and collecting shell of the present invention.

[0033] The reference numbers in the figure are: 101-boiler, 102-feeding port, 103-sealing cover, 104-inner cavity plate, 105-support plate, 106-annular filter screen, 1061-slag discharge pipe, 107-water pump, 108-water pipe, 109-fan, 110-electric push rod, 111-annular plate, 112-sliding rod, 113-scraper, 114-waste shell, 115-discharge port, 116-solenoid valve, 2-limiting mechanism, 201-liquid storage tube, 202-sliding shaft, 203-extrusion plate, 204-extrusion block, 205-first spring, 3-cleaning mechanism, 301-guide rod, 302-elastic plate, 303-second spring, 4-collecting mechanism, 401-first motor, 402-rotating shaft, 403-first auger, 404-arc filter Net, 405-isolation frame, 406-fixed frame, 407-rotating rod, 408-collecting rod, 5-sealing mechanism, 501-extrusion ring, 502-L-type tube, 503-extrusion rod, 504-third spring, 505-L-type rod, 506-fourth spring, 507-limiting ring, 508-sealing plate, 509-inlet pipe, 510-convex pipe, 511-annular pipe, 6-filtering mechanism, 601-exhaust pipe, 602-circular filter, 603-drive shaft, 604-fan blades, 605-collecting shell, 606-storage tube, 607-second motor, 608-second auger, 7-preheating mechanism, 701-exchange shell, 702-air inlet, 703-partition plate, 704-ventilation pipe, 705-air outlet, 706-delivery pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solution is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be noted that the words indicating directions such as up, down, left, and right mentioned in this article are only for the position of the structure shown in the corresponding drawings. The serial numbers of the parts in this article, such as first, second, etc., are only used to distinguish the objects described and do not have any order or technical meaning. The words such as connection and coupling in this application include direct and indirect connection (coupling) unless otherwise specified.

[0035] Example 1: A flue gas waste heat recovery type environmentally friendly biomass boiler, such as Figure 1-Figure 6As shown, a boiler 101 is provided, a feed port 102 is provided in the middle of the top of the boiler 101, an exhaust hole is provided in the upper part of the right side of the boiler 101, a sealing cover 103 is rotatably connected to the upper part of the right side of the feed port 102, and the sealing cover 103 is used to seal the boiler 101, an inner cavity plate 104 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner cavity plate 104, and a support plate 105 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner cavity plate 104, and the support plate 105 is an arc-shaped plate, and the center of the support plate 105 is concave downward, and the support plate 105 gathers the debris after combustion to the upper side of the annular filter screen 106, and the support plate 105 is provided with evenly distributed holes, and the evenly distributed holes are used to support Air is introduced into the biomass on the support plate 105 to assist combustion. An annular filter screen 106 is fixedly connected to the middle of the support plate 105. The annular filter screen 106 is used to screen the biomass and the ash after combustion. A slag discharge pipe 1061 connected to the lower part of the support plate 105 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the boiler 101. The slag discharge pipe 1061 is located on the left part of the lower side of the support plate 105. A water pump 107 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the right side of the boiler 101. The water pump 107 is connected to a water pipe 108 located between the boiler 101 and the inner cavity plate 104. There is continuously circulating water in the water pipe 108 to absorb the heat of the combustion of biomass in the boiler 101. The water outlet of the water pipe 108 is located at the bottom of the boiler 101. A fan 109 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the left side of the furnace 101 and the lower part of the right side of the boiler 101, and the fan 109 is located at the lower side of the support plate 105. The fan 109 is used to transport air to the boiler 101. The upper part of the boiler 101 is fixedly connected to electric push rods 110 that are symmetrically distributed on the left and right. The telescopic ends of the electric push rods 110 that are symmetrically distributed on the left and right are commonly fixedly connected to an annular plate 111. The annular plate 111 is slidably connected to four circumferentially distributed sliding rods 112. The ends of the four sliding rods 112 close to the inner wall of the boiler 101 are fixedly connected to scrapers 113. The four scrapers 113 form a circle and are used to scrape off debris on the inner wall of the inner cavity plate 104. The boiler 10 1 is detachably connected with an annular waste shell 114, the inner side of the waste shell 114 is provided with an opening, the inner side opening of the waste shell 114 is communicated with the inner cavity plate 104, the lower part of the left side of the waste shell 114 is provided with a discharge port 115, the discharge port 115 is used to discharge waste slag, the lower part of the inner side of the discharge port 115 is provided with a solenoid valve 116, the solenoid valve 116 is used to seal the boiler 101 to prevent heat from being lost when the waste slag is not discharged, the boiler 101 is provided with a limiting mechanism 2 for pushing the scraper 113 to scrape impurities in the inner cavity plate 104, and the boiler 101 is provided with a cleaning mechanism 3 for scraping residual debris on the scraper 113.

[0036] like Figure 4-Figure 7As shown, the limiting mechanism 2 includes left-right symmetrically distributed liquid storage tubes 201, which are all fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the boiler 101, and are located between the left-right symmetrically distributed electric push rods 110, and the lower parts of the two liquid storage tubes 201 are slidably connected with a sliding shaft 202, and the upper end of the sliding shaft 202 is fixedly connected with a disc, and the disc is slidably matched with the inner part of the adjacent liquid storage tube 201, and both discs are provided with a one-way valve and a through hole, the one-way valve opens when the sliding shaft 202 moves downward, and closes when the sliding shaft 202 moves upward, so that the two sliding shafts 202 are subject to different resistances when moving up and down, and the resistance when moving downward is less than the resistance when moving upward, and the end of the sliding shaft 202 close to the scraper 113 is fixedly connected with an annular extrusion plate 203, and the outer side surface of the extrusion plate 203 is a downward inclined surface, and the four circumferential The distributed sliding rods 112 are fixedly connected to one end away from the adjacent scraper plates 113 with extrusion blocks 204. The inner side surfaces of the four extrusion blocks 204 are upwardly inclined surfaces. An annular thin plate is arranged on the upper part of the annular plate 111. The outer side surfaces of the four axially distributed extrusion blocks 204 are fixedly connected to the annular plate 111 with a first spring 205. The upper side surface of the extrusion plate 203 is extruded and matched with the lower side surface of the annular thin plate on the upper part of the annular plate 111, so as to drive the extrusion plate 203 to move when the annular plate 111 moves downward. The inner inclined surfaces of the four circumferentially distributed extrusion blocks 204 are matched with the inclined surfaces of the outer side surfaces of the extrusion plate 203, so as to push the four circumferentially distributed extrusion blocks 204 to move outward when the extrusion blocks 204 move upward, and drive the adjacent scrapers 113 to move outward through the sliding rods 112, and scrape off the debris on the inner wall of the inner cavity plate 104.

[0037] like Figure 4-Figure 6 As shown, the cleaning mechanism 3 includes four circumferentially distributed guide rods 301, and the four circumferentially distributed guide rods 301 are all fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner side surface of the inner cavity plate 104. A circular plate is arranged on the inner side of the four circumferentially distributed guide rods 301 to limit the moving distance of adjacent elastic plates 302. The ends of the circumferentially distributed guide rods 301 close to the adjacent scraper 113 are slidably connected with the elastic plate 302, and the lower part of the elastic plate 302 is an inclined surface. A second spring 303 is fixedly connected between the circumferentially distributed elastic plate 302 and the inner side of the inner cavity plate 104, and the second spring 303 is coaxial with the adjacent guide rods 301. The elastic plate 302 cooperates with the adjacent scraper 113, and the lower part of the outer side of the scraper 113 is an upward inclined surface. The scraper 113 squeezes the axially distributed elastic plate 302 outwardly through the inclined surface of the lower part of its outer side to scrape off impurities adhering to the outer side of the scraper 113.

[0038] When it is necessary to start the boiler 101 for heating, the staff opens the sealing cover 103 and adds an appropriate amount of biomass fuel into the boiler 101 from the feed port 102. After the biomass fuel falls into the space formed by the support plate 105 and the inner cavity plate 104, the staff adds fire to the boiler 101 to ignite the biomass fuel. After the biomass fuel starts to burn, the staff closes the sealing cover 103 to put the boiler 101 in a sealed state to prevent heat from being lost from the feed port 102.

[0039] After the above-mentioned biomass fuel starts, the staff starts the water pump 107. After the water pump 107 is started, water is pumped from the outside and transported to the water pipe 108, so that the water in the water pipe 108 is at a lower temperature, which can efficiently absorb the heat generated by the combustion of biomass. In this process, the staff simultaneously starts the fan 109. The fan 109 draws air from the outside and passes it into the bottom of the boiler 101. The air enters the gap between the biomass fuel through the holes on the support plate 105 to assist combustion. The gas generated after the biomass combustion has a high heat, and the gas flows upward quickly and is discharged through the exhaust port on the boiler 101. After the biomass burns for a period of time, the shape of the biomass particles becomes smaller and residues are produced. The ash produced after the combustion will gather in the middle along the curved surface of the support plate 105, and pass through the annular filter 106, and be discharged from the boiler 101 from the slag discharge pipe 1061. In the process of the ash passing through the annular filter 106, the annular filter 106 screens the material on its upper layer.

[0040] During the above-mentioned biomass combustion, the gas moving upward after combustion will contain some impurities and adhere to the inner side of the inner cavity plate 104, which reduces the heat transfer efficiency of the boiler 101. Therefore, after the boiler 101 stops working, the staff starts the two electric push rods 110, and the telescopic ends of the electric push rods 110 drive the annular plate 111 to move downward and squeeze the squeezing plate 203. The squeezing plate 203 drives the sliding shaft 202 to move downward, and the annular plate 111 drives the sliding rod 112 to move downward, and the sliding rod 112 drives The scraper 113 and the extrusion block 204 move downward. When the sliding shaft 202 moves downward, the one-way valve on the sliding shaft 202 opens, and the circular plate at the upper end of the sliding shaft 202 squeezes the liquid in the lower part of the liquid storage tube 201. The liquid in the lower part of the liquid storage tube 201 flows into its upper part through the through holes and the one-way valve on the circular plate at the upper end of the sliding shaft 202. After the telescopic end of the electric push rod 110 moves downward to the maximum distance and brings the scraper 113 to the lower area of ​​the inner wall of the boiler 101, the telescopic end of the electric push rod 110 moves upward and resets.

[0041] In the process of the telescopic end of the electric push rod 110 moving upward and resetting, the annular plate 111 drives the slide bar 112 to move upward, the slide bar 112 drives the scraper 113 and the extrusion block 204 to move upward, the extrusion block 204 drives the extrusion plate 203 to move upward, the extrusion plate 203 drives the sliding shaft 202 to move upward, the circular plate at the upper end of the sliding shaft 202 squeezes the liquid in the upper part of the liquid storage tube 201, the pressure in the upper part of the liquid storage tube 201 increases, and the liquid in the upper part of the liquid storage tube 201 flows into the lower part through the through hole. At this time, the flow of the liquid in the liquid storage tube 201 is As the speed decreases, the resistance of the extrusion block 204 to push the adjacent extrusion plate 203 upward increases, so that the extrusion block 204 moves upward and slides outward along the inclined surface of the extrusion plate 203. The extrusion block 204 pushes the adjacent scraper 113 to move outward and squeezes the adjacent first spring 205, so that the outer side surface of the scraper 113 contacts the inner wall of the inner cavity plate 104, so that when the electric push rod 110 drives the scraper 113 to move through the annular plate 111 and the sliding rod 112, the scraper 113 can clean the inner wall of the inner cavity plate 104.

[0042] After the scraper 113 contacts the inner wall of the inner cavity plate 104 , the electric push rod 110 continues to move upward, and the scraper 113 moves upward and scrapes off the debris attached to the inner wall of the inner cavity plate 104 , and gathers the scraped debris between the scraper 113 and the inner cavity plate 104 .

[0043] When the upper end of the scraper 113 moves to a position flush with the inner opening of the waste shell 114, the debris accumulated between the scraper 113 and the inner cavity plate 104 falls into the waste shell 114. After the solenoid valve 116 is opened, the debris that falls into the waste shell 114 is discharged through the discharge port 115. Then the scraper 113 continues to move upward. When the bottom of the elastic plate 302 contacts the inclined surface on the adjacent scraper 113, the scraper 113 moves upward and squeezes the elastic plate 302 outward. When the elastic plate 302 is squeezed and moves outward, it extends to both sides thereof and compresses the adjacent second spring 303. At the same time, the debris gathered on the outer side of the scraper 113 is cleaned up to prevent the debris on the inclined surface of the scraper 113 from falling on the biomass surface at the bottom when the scraper 113 moves downward again, thereby hindering the contact between the biomass and oxygen and affecting the combustion of the biomass.

[0044] After the scraper 113 is cleaned, the staff starts the electric push rod 110 again to move downward, and the electric push rod 110 drives the annular plate 111 to move downward. The annular plate 111 drives the extrusion block 204 to move downward through the slide rod 112, and the extrusion plate 203 is separated from the extrusion block 204. The first spring 205 pushes the extrusion block 204 to move inward, and the scraper 113 no longer squeezes the elastic plate 302. The second spring 303 pushes the elastic plate 302 to move inward, and the annular plate 111 drives the extrusion plate 203 to move downward again, squeezing the liquid on the lower side of the liquid storage tube 201 to the upper side. When the scraper 113 moves to the lower side of the opening of the waste shell 114, the staff stops the electric push rod 110 from continuing to push.

[0045] Embodiment 2: Based on embodiment 1, Figure 8-12 As shown, it also includes a collecting mechanism 4, which is arranged at the lower part of the boiler 101, and is used to collect small-particle biomass and burnt ash on the upper side of the support plate 105. The collecting mechanism 4 includes a first motor 401, which is fixedly connected to the lower part of the boiler 101, and the output shaft on the upper side of the first motor 401 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 402, and the upper part of the outer side of the rotating shaft 402 is fixedly connected to a first auger 403, and the lower part of the support plate 105 is fixedly connected to an arc filter 404, and the arc filter 404 is used to screen small-particle biomass and burnt ash, and the arc filter 404 is located at the lower side of the annular filter 106, and the middle part of the upper side of the arc filter 404 is fixedly connected to an isolation frame 405, and the upper and lower parts of the isolation frame 405 are both provided with four circumferentially distributed holes. They are used to collect and discharge small particles of biomass respectively. A U-shaped fixing frame 406 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft 402. The inner side of the U-shaped fixing frame 406 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the isolation frame 405. The upper part of the fixing frame 406 is fixedly connected to rotating rods 407 that are symmetrically distributed on the left and right. The two rotating rods 407 are both arc-shaped curved rods. The two rotating rods 407 are used to disperse the biomass on the upper layer. Four circumferentially distributed collecting rods 408 are fixedly connected to the lower part of the fixing frame 406. The four circumferentially distributed collecting rods 408 are all arc-shaped curved rods. The lower side of the collecting rod 408 is rotatably matched with the upper side of the support plate 105 to gather the small particles of biomass and the ash after combustion on the support plate 105. A sealing mechanism 5 is provided at the lower part of the rotating shaft 402. The sealing mechanism 5 is used to seal the holes opened in the support plate 105.

[0046] like Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.12As shown, the sealing mechanism 5 includes an extrusion ring 501, which is arranged at the lower part of the outer side surface of the rotating shaft 402. An L-shaped tube 502 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the right side of the boiler 101. The lower end of the L-shaped tube 502 is slidably connected to an extrusion rod 503. The right end of the extrusion rod 503 is fixedly connected to a circular plate, which is slidably matched with the lower end of the inner side of the L-shaped tube 502 to squeeze the liquid in the L-shaped tube 502. The left end of the extrusion rod 503 is a ball head. The outer side surface of the extrusion ring 501 is provided with evenly distributed spherical grooves. The ball head at the left end of the extrusion rod 503 is extruded and matched with the evenly distributed spherical grooves on the outer side surface of the extrusion ring 501 to push the extrusion rod 503 to move rightward for extrusion. The liquid in the L-shaped tube 502 is pressed to make the L-shaped rod 505 move upward. A third spring 504 is fixedly connected between the extrusion rod 503 and the left end of the outer side surface of the L-shaped tube 502. The third spring 504 is used to push the extrusion rod 503 to the left to reset. The diameter of the ball head of the extrusion rod 503 is smaller than the diameter of the spherical groove on the outer side of the extrusion ring 501. When the extrusion rod 503 resets and drives the extrusion ring 501 to rotate in the opposite direction, the extrusion ring 501 does not drive the rotating shaft 402 to rotate, so as to avoid excessive resistance when the extrusion rod 503 moves. The third spring 504 cannot push the extrusion rod 503 to reset. The upper end of the L-shaped tube 502 is slidably connected to the L-shaped rod 505, and the lower end of the L-shaped rod 505 is fixedly connected to a circular plate. The circular plate is slidably connected to the inside of the L-shaped tube 502, a fourth spring 506 is fixedly connected between the circular plate at the lower end of the L-shaped rod 505 and the upper end of the inner side of the L-shaped tube 502, the support plate 105 is rotatably connected to the limit ring 507, the upper end of the L-shaped rod 505 is a cross bar, the left end of the cross bar is a ball head, and it is slidably matched with the slide groove on the right side of the limit ring 507, the diameter of the ball head is smaller than the diameter of the slide groove on the limit ring 507, the upper end of the limit ring 507 is fixedly connected to a sealing plate 508, the sealing plate 508 is located below the support plate 105, the sealing plate 508 is provided with evenly distributed holes, and the aperture of the holes on the sealing plate 508 is the same as the aperture of the holes on the support plate 105, the sealing plate 508 and the support plate 105 are connected. The support plate 105 is sealed and matched. When the L-shaped rod 505 moves upward, the limit ring 507 and the sealing plate 508 are driven to rotate, so that the sealing plate 508 and the holes evenly distributed on the support plate 105 are misaligned to complete the sealing, so as to avoid the collection of the granular biomass and the ash after combustion from being discharged from the holes evenly distributed on the sealing plate 508 and the support plate 105. Four circumferentially distributed air intake pipes 509 are fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner cavity plate 104. The air intake pipes 509 are located between the rotating rod 407 and the collecting rod 408. The four circumferentially distributed air intake pipes 509 are rotatably connected to the ends of the rotating shaft 402, and the circumferentially distributed convex pipes 510 are rotatably connected to the annular pipe 511. The four circumferentially distributed convex pipes 510 are used to supplement gas to the upper layer of the support plate 105 when the sealing plate 508 and the support plate 105 are sealed, so as to avoid the biomass from being extinguished after lack of air and unable to burn.

[0047] During the combustion of the above biomass, most of the small biomass particles and ash are deposited in the lower layer of the combustion products. After a large amount of ash is accumulated on the upper side of the support plate 105, the staff starts the first motor 401, and the output shaft of the first motor 401 drives the rotating shaft 402 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 402 drives the fixing frame 406 to rotate, and the fixing frame 406 drives the four collecting rods 408 to rotate and stir the biomass on the bottom layer of the upper side of the support plate 105, so that the smaller particles and residues in the bottom biomass are deposited on the gaps between the large biomass. At the lower layer, the collecting rod 408 gathers the objects at the bottom to the upper side of the annular filter 106, and the annular filter 106 filters the materials on the upper layer and isolates the large pieces of biomass to the upper layer of the annular filter 106. After passing through the annular filter 106, the small pieces of biomass and residues are gathered again to the upper layer of the arc filter 404. The arc filter 404 filters the materials on the upper layer and separates the small pieces of materials on the upper layer, so that the residue continues to move downward through the arc filter 404 and finally enters the slag discharge pipe 1061 and is discharged from the boiler 101.

[0048] After the above-mentioned small pieces of biomass fall onto the upper layer of the arc filter 404, the small pieces of biomass enter the isolation frame 405 from the holes on the lower side. During this process, the rotating shaft 402 drives the first auger 403 to rotate, and the first auger 403 pushes the small pieces of biomass to move upward, so that the small pieces of biomass are discharged from the holes on the upper side of the isolation frame 405 to the upper layer of the biomass gathered on the support plate 105. After the position of the biomass is adjusted, the large pieces of material are in the lower layer of the material on the support plate 105, so that the gap between the lower layers of the biomass on the support plate 105 is increased, which is convenient for air circulation. The fixed frame 406 drives the two rotating rods 407 to rotate while driving the collecting rod 408 to rotate, and the rotating rods 407 disperse the small pieces of biomass located on the upper layer of the biomass on the support plate 105.

[0049] When the rotating shaft 402 drives the fixing frame 406 to rotate, the rotating shaft 402 drives the extrusion ring 501 to rotate. When the extrusion ring 501 rotates, the extrusion rod 503 is pushed to the right through the groove thereon and compresses the third spring 504. The extrusion rod 503 moves to the right to increase the pressure in the L-shaped tube 502. The increased pressure in 502 drives the L-shaped rod 505 to move upward and compresses the fourth spring 506. The L-shaped rod 505 moves upward to squeeze the slide groove on the limiting ring 507, thereby driving the limiting ring 507 to rotate. The limiting ring 507 drives the sealing plate 508 to rotate, so that the through hole on the sealing plate 508 is misaligned with the through hole on the support plate 105, thereby completing the sealing of the support plate 105, and preventing ash from falling from the air inlet hole on the support plate 105 when the collecting rod 408 is stirring.

[0050] After the air inlet holes on the support plate 105 are blocked, air enters the convex tube 510 through the four air inlet pipes 509 and enters the biomass through the through holes on the convex tube 510. When the collecting rod 408 rotates to stir the upper and lower layers of biomass on the support plate 105, as the biomass moves, the biomass pushes the convex tube 510 to rotate. The convex tube 510 rotates to stir the upper layer of the biomass on the support plate 105, so that small pieces of biomass on the upper layer and residues generated during the combustion of the biomass fall to the lower layer, and at the same time, the position of the upper layer of biomass is changed, so that the structure of the upper layer of biomass is more chaotic, the gap between the biomass is increased, and the combustion of the biomass is accelerated.

[0051] After the above-mentioned ash cleaning is completed, the staff turns off the first motor 401. At this time, the output shaft of the first motor 401 no longer drives the rotating shaft 402 to rotate, the fixing frame 406 stops rotating, the rotating rod 407 and the collecting rod 408 no longer stir the biomass, and the rotating shaft 402 no longer drives the extrusion ring 501 to rotate, and the third spring 504 pushes the extrusion rod 503 to move to the left and enter the groove of the extrusion ring 501.

[0052] During the process of the extrusion rod 503 moving to the left, if the extrusion rod 503 is aligned with any groove on the extrusion ring 501, the extrusion rod 503 moves to the left, the pressure in the L-shaped tube 502 decreases, and the fourth spring 506 pushes the L-shaped rod 505 to move downward, and the L-shaped rod 505 drives the limit ring 507 and the sealing plate 508 to rotate, so that the holes on the sealing plate 508 and the support plate 105 are connected again, and the wind can enter the material from the bottom again. If there is a deviation between the extrusion rod 503 and the adjacent grooves on the extrusion ring 501, the extrusion rod 503 pushes the extrusion ring 501 to rotate, so that the extrusion rod 503 is aligned with the adjacent grooves on the extrusion ring 501. During the process of the extrusion rod 503 driving the extrusion ring 501 to rotate, the above-mentioned resetting process is repeated. When the extrusion ring 501 reverses, the rotating shaft 402 does not rotate.

[0053] Embodiment 3: Based on embodiment 2, Fig.13 and 14As shown, it also includes a filtering mechanism 6, which is arranged at the upper part of the right side of the boiler 101. The filtering mechanism 6 is used to filter solid impurities in the exhaust gas. The filtering mechanism 6 includes an exhaust pipe 601, and the exhaust pipe 601 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the right side of the boiler 101, and the exhaust hole on the right side of the boiler 101 and the right side of the inner cavity plate 104 are both connected to the left side of the exhaust pipe 601. A circular filter screen 602 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the exhaust pipe 601, and a transmission shaft 603 is rotatably connected to the middle part of the exhaust pipe 601, and the left end of the transmission shaft 603 is rotatably connected to the circular filter screen 602, and a fan blade 604 is fixedly connected to the right end of the transmission shaft 603, and two symmetrically distributed collecting shells 605 are fixedly connected to the left end of the transmission shaft 603. The fan blade 604 drives the two symmetrically distributed collecting shells 605 to rotate through the exhaust gas to clean and collect the debris attached to the circular filter screen 602. The two symmetrically distributed collecting shells 605 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the circular filter 602, and the facing sides of the two collecting shells 605 are fitted with the circular filter 602. A hole is opened on the outer side of the collecting shell 605, and the middle part of the lower side of the outer side of the exhaust pipe 601 is connected with a storage pipe 606, and the connecting hole between the exhaust pipe 601 and the storage pipe 606 is located on the lower side of the circular filter 602. When the two collecting shells 605 are rotated to the lower side, the collected impurities are sent into the storage pipe 606 through the opening on the outer side thereof, and the left side of the storage pipe 606 is connected to the right side of the waste shell 114. The right end of the storage pipe 606 is fixedly connected to a second motor 607, and the output shaft at the left end of the second motor 607 is fixedly connected to a second auger 608 located in the storage pipe 606. The second auger 608 is rotatably connected to the storage pipe 606, and the second auger 608 is used to send the storage pipe 606 into the waste shell 114.

[0054] When the biomass starts to burn, the staff starts the second motor 607, and the output shaft of the second motor 607 drives the second auger 608 to rotate. After the exhaust gas generated by the biomass combustion enters the exhaust pipe 601, the exhaust gas first passes through the circular filter 602, and the circular filter 602 separates the solid ash in the exhaust gas on the left side. After the exhaust gas passes through the circular filter 602, it drives the fan blade 604 to rotate. The fan blade 604 drives the two collecting shells 605 to rotate through the transmission shaft 603. The opposite sides of the two collecting shells 605 contact the scraping circular filter 602 during rotation. , by squeezing the impurities adsorbed on the circular filter 602, the impurities are scraped off and collected in the two collecting shells 605. When the two collecting shells 605 rotate to the lower side, the ash inside is discharged into the storage pipe 606 through the holes on the outside of the collecting shells 605. At this time, the output shaft of the second motor 607 drives the second auger 608 to rotate and push the ash into the waste shell 114 for collection, so as to avoid the circular filter 602 from accumulating too much ash and being unable to filter the exhaust gas, and at the same time, to avoid the ash cleaned by the circular filter 602 from being discharged into the atmosphere again with the exhaust gas.

[0055] Embodiment 4: Based on embodiment 3, Fig.13As shown, the boiler 101 further includes a preheating mechanism 7, which is arranged in the middle of the right side of the boiler 101. The preheating mechanism 7 is used to preheat the gas entering the boiler 101. The preheating mechanism 7 includes an exchange shell 701, which is fixedly connected to the middle of the right side of the boiler 101, and the middle of the upper side of the exchange shell 701 is fixedly connected to and communicated with the lower end of the exhaust pipe 601. The upper side of the exchange shell 701 is provided with air inlets 702 symmetrically distributed on the left and right, and the exchange shell 701 is fixedly connected with partition plates 703 symmetrically distributed up and down. The upper partition plate 703 is connected to the lower end of the exhaust pipe 601. The ends are connected, and the symmetrically distributed partition plates 703 are connected with evenly distributed ventilation pipes 704, and the ventilation pipes 704 are used to complete the heat exchange between the air and the exhaust gas. An air outlet 705 is arranged at the lower part of the right side of the exchange shell 701, and a temperature sensor is arranged on the lower side of the air outlet 705 to detect the temperature of the exhaust gas. The air outlet 705 is located between the symmetrically distributed partition plates 703, and the air outlet 705 is close to the lower partition plate 703. A delivery pipe 706 is connected between the middle part of the lower side of the exchange shell 701 and the fan 109, so as to deliver the preheated air to the boiler 101.

[0056] After the above-mentioned fan 109 starts working, the fan 109 extracts the gas in the exchange shell 701, so that the exchange shell 701 is under negative pressure, and the air enters the upper part of the exchange shell 701 from the air inlet 702, and is preheated through the ventilation pipe 704 and then gathered in the lower part of the exchange shell 701. The fan 109 delivers the gas in the lower part of the exchange shell 701 into the boiler 101 through the delivery pipe 706.

[0057] When the above-mentioned fan 109 draws air, the exhaust gas filtered by the circular filter 602 enters the middle part of the exchange shell 701, and the exhaust gas entering the exchange shell 701 exchanges heat with the air in the ventilation pipe 704, and preheats the air in the ventilation pipe 704 to prevent the air from absorbing the heat generated by the biomass combustion after entering the boiler 101, thereby reducing the efficiency of the boiler 101. After completing the heat exchange, the exhaust gas is discharged from the air outlet 705.

[0058] When the exhaust gas is discharged, the sensor detects the temperature of the exhaust gas. When the temperature of the exhaust gas is high, a signal is transmitted to control the water pump 107, thereby increasing the rotation speed of the water pump 107, accelerating the circulation of water in the water pipe 108, and accelerating the absorption of heat generated by biomass combustion.

[0059] After the water pump 107 increases the pumping speed, if the temperature detected by the sensor is still too high, a signal is transmitted to start the two electric push rods 110, and the process of Example 1 is repeated. The scraper 113 is used to scrape off the ash on the side wall to restore the heat transfer efficiency of the boiler 101 to normal.

[0060] It should be understood that the above description is only for exemplary purposes and is not meant to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that variations of the present invention will be included within the scope of the claims herein.

Claims

1. A flue gas waste heat recovery type environmentally friendly biomass boiler, characterized by: The invention comprises a boiler (101), wherein a feed port (102) is arranged at the top of the boiler (101), an exhaust hole is arranged at the upper part of the boiler (101), a sealing cover (103) is rotatably connected to the feed port (102), an inner cavity plate (104) is fixedly connected inside the boiler (101), a support plate (105) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the inner cavity plate (104), the support plate (105) is provided with evenly distributed holes, and the support plate (105) The boiler (101) is fixedly connected to an annular filter screen (106); the boiler (101) is fixedly connected to a slag discharge pipe (1061) which is in communication with the support plate (105) and is located below the support plate (105); a water pump (107) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the boiler (101); the water pump (107) is in communication with a water pipe (108) located between the boiler (101) and the inner cavity plate (104); the boiler (101) is fixedly connected to a slag discharge pipe (1061) which is in communication with the support plate (105) and is located below the support plate (105); ) is disposed on the lower side of the boiler (101); an electric push rod (110) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the boiler (101); a telescopic end of the electric push rod (110) is fixedly connected to an annular plate (111); the annular plate (111) is slidably connected to circumferentially distributed sliding rods (112); one end of the sliding rod (112) close to the inner wall of the boiler (101) is fixedly connected to a scraper (113); and a waste shell (114) is detachably connected to the upper part of the boiler (101). , an opening is provided on the inner side of the waste shell (114), the waste shell (114) is provided with a discharge port (115), a solenoid valve (116) is provided in the discharge port (115), a limiting mechanism (2) is provided in the boiler (101) for pushing the scraper (113) to scrape off impurities in the inner cavity plate (104), and a cleaning mechanism (3) is provided in the boiler (101) for scraping off residual impurities on the scraper (113); The support plate (105) is an arc-shaped plate, and the center of the support plate (105) is concave downwards; The limiting mechanism (2) comprises symmetrically distributed liquid storage tubes (201), the symmetrically distributed liquid storage tubes (201) are all fixedly connected to the top of the boiler (101), a sliding shaft (202) is slidably connected inside the liquid storage tube (201), a one-way valve and a through hole are arranged on the upper part of the sliding shaft (202), an extrusion plate (203) is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding shaft (202) close to the scraper (113), an extrusion block (204) is fixedly connected to one end of the circumferentially distributed sliding rods (112) away from the adjacent scraper (113), a first spring (205) is fixedly connected between the extrusion block (204) and the annular plate (111), and the annular plate (111) and the circumferentially distributed extrusion blocks (204) are both matched with the extrusion plate (203); The cleaning mechanism (3) comprises circumferentially distributed guide rods (301), the circumferentially distributed guide rods (301) are all fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner side of the inner cavity plate (104), the circumferentially distributed guide rods (301) are all slidably connected to an elastic plate (302) at one end close to the adjacent scraper (113), a second spring (303) is fixedly connected between the circumferentially distributed elastic plate (302) and the inner side of the inner cavity plate (104), and the elastic plate (302) cooperates with the adjacent scraper (113).

2. The environmentally friendly biomass boiler with flue gas waste heat recovery according to claim 1 is characterized by: An upward inclined surface is provided at the lower portion of the outer side of the scraper (113), and the inclined surface on the scraper (113) cooperates with the elastic plate (302).

3. The environmentally friendly biomass boiler with flue gas waste heat recovery according to claim 1 is characterized by: The boiler (101) further comprises a collecting mechanism (4), the collecting mechanism (4) being arranged inside the boiler (101), the collecting mechanism (4) being used to collect small particles on the upper side of the support plate (105), the collecting mechanism (4) comprising a first motor (401), the first motor (401) being fixedly connected to the lower part of the boiler (101), the output shaft of the first motor (401) being fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (402), the outer side of the rotating shaft (402) being fixedly connected to a first auger (403), the support plate (105) being fixedly connected to an arc-shaped filter screen (404), the arc-shaped filter screen (404) being located on the lower side of the annular filter screen (106), the arc-shaped filter screen (404) being fixedly connected to the inner side of the support plate (105), and the arc-shaped filter screen (404) being located on the lower side of the annular filter screen (106). 4) is fixedly connected to an isolation frame (405) on the upper side, the isolation frame (405) is provided with circumferentially distributed holes on the upper and lower parts, the upper end of the rotating shaft (402) is fixedly connected to a fixing frame (406), the fixing frame (406) is rotatably connected to the isolation frame (405), the upper part of the fixing frame (406) is fixedly connected to symmetrically distributed rotating rods (407), the lower part of the fixing frame (406) is fixedly connected to circumferentially distributed collecting rods (408), and the collecting rods (408) are slidably connected to the support plate (105), and the lower part of the rotating shaft (402) is provided with a sealing mechanism (5), and the sealing mechanism (5) is used to seal the holes opened in the support plate (105).

4. The environmentally friendly biomass boiler with flue gas waste heat recovery according to claim 3 is characterized by: The sealing mechanism (5) comprises an extrusion ring (501), the extrusion ring (501) being arranged at the lower part of the rotating shaft (402); an L-shaped tube (502) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the boiler (101); an end of the L-shaped tube (502) close to the rotating shaft (402) is slidably connected to an extrusion rod (503); the extrusion rod (503) and the extrusion ring (501) are extrusion-matched; a third spring (504) is fixedly connected between the extrusion rod (503) and the L-shaped tube (502); an L-shaped rod (505) is slidably connected to the other end of the L-shaped tube (502); a fourth spring (506) is fixedly connected between the L-shaped rod (505) and the L-shaped tube (502); the support plate (105) is rotatably connected to the support plate (105) and limited in position. A ring (507) is provided, wherein the limiting ring (507) cooperates with the L-shaped rod (505); a sealing plate (508) is fixedly connected to a side of the limiting ring (507) close to the support plate (105); the sealing plate (508) is provided with evenly distributed holes, and the aperture of the holes on the sealing plate (508) is the same as the aperture of the holes on the support plate (105); the sealing plate (508) and the support plate (105) are sealed and cooperated; a circumferentially distributed air intake pipe (509) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner cavity plate (104); one end of the circumferentially distributed air intake pipe (509) close to the rotating shaft (402) is rotatably connected to a convex pipe (510); and the circumferentially distributed convex pipes (510) are rotatably connected together with an annular pipe (511).

5. The environmentally friendly biomass boiler with flue gas waste heat recovery according to claim 4 is characterized by: A sliding groove is arranged on the outer side of the limiting ring (507); the upper end of the L-shaped rod (505) is a cross bar; the left end of the cross bar is a ball head which is slidably matched with the sliding groove on the right side of the limiting ring (507); and the diameter of the ball head is smaller than the diameter of the sliding groove on the limiting ring (507).

6. The environmentally friendly biomass boiler with flue gas waste heat recovery according to claim 1 is characterized by: The boiler (101) further comprises a filtering mechanism (6), the filtering mechanism (6) being arranged on the upper part of the boiler (101), the filtering mechanism (6) being used for filtering solid impurities in the exhaust gas, the filtering mechanism (6) comprising an exhaust pipe (601), the exhaust pipe (601) being fixedly connected to the upper part of the boiler (101), the exhaust hole on the boiler (101) and the inner cavity plate (104) being both in communication with the exhaust pipe (601), a circular filter screen (602) being fixedly connected in the exhaust pipe (601), a transmission shaft (603) being rotatably connected in the exhaust pipe (601), and the transmission shaft (603) being rotatably connected to the circular filter screen (602), a fan blade (604) being fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft (603) away from the boiler (101), and a symmetrically distributed collection shell (602) being fixedly connected to the other end of the transmission shaft (603). 605, the symmetrically distributed collecting shells (605) are respectively located on both sides of the circular filter (602), the collecting shells (605) are fitted with the circular filter (602), a hole is opened on the side of the collecting shell (605) away from the transmission shaft (603), the exhaust pipe (601) is connected with a storage pipe (606), and the connecting hole between the exhaust pipe (601) and the storage pipe (606) is located on the lower side of the circular filter (602), the storage pipe (606) is connected with the waste shell (114), and a second motor (607) is fixedly connected to one end of the storage pipe (606) away from the boiler (101), and the output shaft of the second motor (607) is fixedly connected to a second auger (608) located in the storage pipe (606), and the second auger (608) is rotatably connected to the storage pipe (606).

7. The environmentally friendly biomass boiler with flue gas waste heat recovery according to claim 6 is characterized by: The boiler (101) further comprises a preheating mechanism (7), the preheating mechanism (7) being arranged on the outside of the boiler (101), the preheating mechanism (7) being used for preheating the temperature of the gas entering the boiler (101), the preheating mechanism (7) comprising an exchange shell (701), the exchange shell (701) being fixedly connected to the middle part of the outside of the boiler (101), the upper part of the exchange shell (701) being fixedly connected to and in communication with the exhaust pipe (601), the upper side of the exchange shell (701) being provided with an air inlet (702), and the exchange shell (701) being fixedly connected with symmetrically spaced air intake ports (702). The exchange shell (701) is provided with a partition plate (703) with a cloth, and the partition plate (703) close to the air inlet (702) is connected to the exhaust pipe (601), and the symmetrically distributed partition plates (703) are connected with evenly distributed ventilation pipes (704). The lower part of the exchange shell (701) is provided with an air outlet (705), and a temperature sensor is provided in the air outlet (705), and the air outlet (705) is located between the symmetrically distributed partition plates (703). A delivery pipe (706) is connected between the lower side of the exchange shell (701) and the fan (109).

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