A device and method for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a fast-exploiting tunnel

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and more specifically, to a technology and method for evaluating the stability of surrounding rocks of fast-exploited tunnels, which can, to a certain extent, solve the problems of the surrounding rock state of the tunnel excavation surface being difficult to predict and the untimely advance treatment in the existing tunnel excavation process. The method for evaluating the stability of surrounding rocks of fast-exploited tunnels includes: collecting tunnel surrounding rock loosening circle data and transmitting the data to a data processing system, wherein the tunnel surrounding rock loosening circle data includes geological structure information, stratum lithology information, fault information and joint information; processing the tunnel surrounding rock loosening circle data to determine the stability grade of the surrounding rock; performing tunnel follow-up grading evaluation according to the stability grade of the surrounding rock; and performing deformation monitoring and surrounding rock damage evaluation on the tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a device and method for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a fast-exploiting tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Rapid excavation of surrounding rock depends on many factors, including surrounding rock hardness, stability, crack density, hydrogeological conditions, etc. Under suitable conditions, using appropriate excavation methods and equipment, rapid excavation of surrounding rock can be achieved.

[0003] For example, the use of advanced mechanized TBMs and shield machines can greatly improve excavation speed and efficiency. However, it should be noted that rapid excavation will cause excessive damage to the surrounding rock, affecting the stability and safety of the surrounding rock and lining, so reasonable control is needed.

[0004] In the prior art, the stability evaluation method of the surrounding rock of a fast-exploiting tunnel has no systematic evaluation method or formula, and the application system is complex, requiring a large number of experiments and data processing, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. The evaluation results are not accurate enough and there are errors. In addition, the evaluation method lacks practicality and cannot be quickly applied in actual projects.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a simple, fast and relatively accurate method for evaluating the stability of tunnel surrounding rock, which can be quickly applied in actual projects. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problems of difficult prediction of the surrounding rock state of the tunnel excavation face and untimely advance treatment during the existing tunnel excavation process, the present application provides a device and method for evaluating the surrounding rock stability of a fast-exploring tunnel.

[0007] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a fast-exploited tunnel, comprising:

[0009] Collecting tunnel surrounding rock loosening zone data and transmitting the data to a data processing system, wherein the tunnel surrounding rock loosening zone data includes geological structure information, stratum lithology information, fault information and joint information;

[0010] Processing the loosening zone data of the tunnel surrounding rock to determine the stability grade of the surrounding rock;

[0011] Perform tunnel dynamic classification evaluation according to the stability grade of the surrounding rock;

[0012] Conduct deformation monitoring of tunnels and evaluation of surrounding rock damage.

[0013] In a possible implementation, collecting tunnel surrounding rock loosening zone data further includes:

[0014] During the tunnel excavation process, geological data before tunnel excavation is collected through the geological radar system and electronic photography data acquisition system, and the loosening of the surrounding rock around the tunnel is monitored in real time.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the processing of the tunnel surrounding rock loosening zone data to determine the stability level of the surrounding rock further includes:

[0016] The data of the surrounding rock loosening zone is processed by the data processing system to obtain the loosening range and degree of the surrounding rock;

[0017] Classify the rock mass on the excavation section according to the loosening range and degree of the surrounding rock;

[0018] The rock mass classification is compared with a preset surrounding rock stability evaluation standard to determine the stability grade of the surrounding rock.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the tunnel follow-up classification evaluation according to the stability grade of the surrounding rock further includes:

[0020] According to the stability grade of the surrounding rock, combined with factors such as excavation speed and excavation method, a follow-up classification evaluation model is established;

[0021] Based on the follow-up classification evaluation model, real-time evaluation and prediction of surrounding rock during tunnel excavation are performed;

[0022] Determine the support method and support parameters for tunnel excavation based on rock mass classification and geological data.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the deformation monitoring of the tunnel and the surrounding rock damage assessment further include:

[0024] Through real-time monitoring and analysis of the deformation and damage of the surrounding rock, a deformation and damage evaluation model is established;

[0025] During the excavation process, the tunnel surrounding rock is monitored in real time, and the monitoring parameters include ground stress, rock deformation and rock cracks.

[0026] In a possible implementation, after the step of monitoring the deformation of the tunnel and evaluating the surrounding rock damage, the method further includes:

[0027] The tunnel's surrounding rock support measures are reviewed and adjusted in real time.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the real-time review and adjustment of the surrounding rock support measures of the tunnel further includes:

[0029] Based on real-time monitoring data, evaluate the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock, and verify the stability of the rock mass and the stability of the established support structure;

[0030] According to the evaluation results, the support method and support parameters are adjusted to ensure the safety and stability of tunnel excavation.

[0031] In a second aspect, the present application provides a device for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a fast-exploiting tunnel, comprising:

[0032] A data acquisition module is used to collect tunnel surrounding rock loosening zone data and transmit the data to a data processing system, wherein the tunnel surrounding rock loosening zone data includes geological structure information, stratum lithology information, fault information and joint information;

[0033] A data processing module, used to process the loosening zone data of the tunnel surrounding rock to determine the stability level of the surrounding rock;

[0034] A grading evaluation module, used for performing a tunnel follow-up grading evaluation according to the stability grade of the surrounding rock;

[0035] Damage assessment module, used for tunnel deformation monitoring and surrounding rock damage assessment;

[0036] The review and adjustment module is used to review and adjust the tunnel's surrounding rock support measures in real time.

[0037] The technical solution provided by this application can at least achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0038] The method for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a fast-exploring tunnel provided in the present application can quickly and accurately evaluate the stability of surrounding rock before and after tunnel excavation by adopting surrounding rock loosening circle acquisition and processing technology, thereby realizing real-time monitoring and evaluation of the stability of surrounding rock of the tunnel, and being able to timely discover the loosening and deformation damage of surrounding rock, thus providing a scientific basis for support measures during tunnel excavation and improving the safety and efficiency of tunnel excavation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0040] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a fast-exploring tunnel shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 2It is a structural schematic diagram of a fast tunnel surrounding rock stability evaluation device shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a flowchart showing the specific steps of a method for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a fast-exploiting tunnel, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Reference numerals:

[0044] 1. Data acquisition module; 2. Data processing module; 3. Grading evaluation module; 4. Damage evaluation module; 5. Review and adjustment module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, implementation mode and advantages of the present application clearer, the exemplary implementation mode of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the exemplary embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described exemplary embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0046] It should be noted that the brief description of terms in this application is only for the convenience of understanding the embodiments described below, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of this application. Unless otherwise specified, these terms should be understood according to their common and usual meanings.

[0047] The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar or similar objects or entities, and do not necessarily mean to limit a specific order or sequence, unless otherwise noted. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances.

[0048] The terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover but not exclude inclusion, for example, a product or device comprising a list of components is not necessarily limited to all the components expressly listed but may include other components not expressly listed or inherent to such product or device.

[0049] Before explaining the method for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a fast-exploring tunnel provided in the embodiment of the present application, the application scenario and implementation environment of the embodiment of the present application are first introduced.

[0050] Rapid excavation of surrounding rock depends on many factors, including surrounding rock hardness, stability, crack density, hydrogeological conditions, etc. Under suitable conditions, using appropriate excavation methods and equipment, rapid excavation of surrounding rock can be achieved.

[0051] For example, the use of advanced mechanized TBMs and shield machines can greatly improve excavation speed and efficiency. However, it should be noted that rapid excavation will cause excessive damage to the surrounding rock, affecting the stability and safety of the surrounding rock and lining, so reasonable control is needed.

[0052] In the prior art, the stability evaluation method of the surrounding rock of a fast-exploiting tunnel has no systematic evaluation method or formula, and the application system is complex, requiring a large number of experiments and data processing, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. The evaluation results are not accurate enough and there are errors. In addition, the evaluation method lacks practicality and cannot be quickly applied in actual projects.

[0053] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a simple, fast and relatively accurate method for evaluating the stability of tunnel surrounding rock, which can be quickly applied in actual projects.

[0054] Based on this, the present application provides a device and method for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a rapidly excavated tunnel. By adopting the surrounding rock loosening circle acquisition and processing technology, the surrounding rock stability before and after tunnel excavation can be quickly and accurately evaluated, and real-time monitoring and evaluation of the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock can be realized. The loosening and deformation damage of the surrounding rock can be discovered in time, which provides a scientific basis for the support measures in the tunnel excavation process and improves the safety and efficiency of tunnel excavation.

[0055] Next, the technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems will be described in detail through embodiments and in combination with the accompanying drawings. The embodiments may be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of them.

[0056] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a fast-exploring tunnel shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0057] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a method for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a fast-exploiting tunnel is provided. In this embodiment, the method may include the following steps:

[0058] Step 100: Collect tunnel surrounding rock loosening zone data and transmit the data to a data processing system, wherein the tunnel surrounding rock loosening zone data includes geological structure information, stratum lithology information, fault information and joint information.

[0059] Step 200: Process the tunnel surrounding rock loosening zone data to determine the stability level of the surrounding rock.

[0060] Step 300: Perform tunnel tracking classification evaluation according to the stability grade of the surrounding rock.

[0061] Step 400: Perform deformation monitoring on the tunnel and surrounding rock damage assessment in a possible implementation manner.

[0062] Step 500: Review and adjust the tunnel's surrounding rock support measures in real time.

[0063] Figure 3 It is a flowchart showing the specific steps of a method for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a fast-exploiting tunnel, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0064] In one possible implementation, Figure 3 As shown, a method for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a fast-exploiting tunnel specifically includes the following steps:

[0065] S101: Acquisition of data on loosened surrounding rock zones: During tunnel excavation, geological data before tunnel excavation, including geological structure, stratum lithology, faults, joints and other information, are collected through geological radar systems and electronic photography data acquisition systems to monitor the loosening of surrounding rock around the tunnel in real time and transmit the data to the data processing system.

[0066] S102: Data processing of surrounding rock loosening zone: The data of surrounding rock loosening zone is processed by the data processing system to obtain the loosening range and degree of surrounding rock, and the rock mass is classified on the excavation section. The rock mass is compared with the preset surrounding rock stability evaluation standard to determine the stability grade of the surrounding rock.

[0067] S103: Dynamic grading evaluation: Based on the stability level of the surrounding rock, combined with factors such as excavation speed and excavation method, a dynamic grading evaluation model is established to conduct real-time evaluation and prediction of the surrounding rock during tunnel excavation. Based on rock mass classification and geological data, the support method and support parameters for tunnel excavation are determined.

[0068] S104: Deformation monitoring and surrounding rock damage evaluation: Through real-time monitoring and analysis of the deformation and damage of the surrounding rock, a deformation and damage evaluation model is established. During the excavation process, the tunnel surrounding rock is monitored in real time, including parameters such as ground stress, rock deformation, and rock cracks.

[0069] S105: Real-time review and adjustment of surrounding rock support measures: Based on real-time monitoring data, evaluate the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock, review the stability of the rock mass, the stability of the established support structure, etc. Based on the evaluation results, adjust the support method and support parameters to ensure the safety and stability of tunnel excavation.

[0070] It can be seen that some embodiments of the present application can monitor and evaluate the surrounding rock and support structure in real time through an automated information collection and processing system, and can timely discover parameter changes and sudden problems of the tunnel surrounding rock, take corresponding measures, and ensure the safety and stability of tunnel excavation. At the same time, the method is easy to operate and can be widely used in tunnel excavation projects.

[0071] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments are displayed in sequence according to the instructions, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence according to the order of the instructions. Unless there is a clear explanation in this article, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited in order, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments may include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the steps or stages in other steps.

[0072] Corresponding to the aforementioned embodiment of the method for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a fast-exploring tunnel, the present application also provides an embodiment of a device for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a fast-exploring tunnel by adopting the same technical concept.

[0073] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fast tunnel surrounding rock stability evaluation device shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0074] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the fast excavation tunnel surrounding rock stability evaluation device includes:

[0075] The data acquisition module 1 is used to collect the tunnel surrounding rock loosening zone data and transmit the data to the data processing system. The tunnel surrounding rock loosening zone data includes geological structure information, stratum lithology information, fault information and joint information.

[0076] The data processing module 2 is used to process the loosening zone data of the tunnel surrounding rock to determine the stability level of the surrounding rock.

[0077] The grading evaluation module 3 is used to perform tunnel follow-up grading evaluation according to the stability grade of the surrounding rock.

[0078] The damage assessment module 4 is used to monitor the deformation of the tunnel and assess the damage of the surrounding rock.

[0079] The review and adjustment module 5 is used to review and adjust the surrounding rock support measures of the tunnel in real time.

[0080] The specific definition of the rapid tunneling tunnel surrounding rock stability evaluation device can be found in the above-mentioned definition of the rapid tunneling tunnel surrounding rock stability evaluation method, which will not be repeated here. Each module in the above-mentioned rapid tunneling tunnel surrounding rock stability evaluation device can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware and a combination thereof. The above-mentioned modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in the memory of the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to the above modules.

[0081] Compared with the prior art, some embodiments of the present application are mainly different from the prior art in that:

[0082] The degree of control over the surrounding rock conditions at the tunnel face is different;

[0083] The existing method is based on the direct interaction between excavation equipment and surrounding rock. The corresponding parameters such as "cutter torque, excavation speed, penetration and thrust, cutter speed" need to be obtained manually, and then the excavation parameters are manually optimized.

[0084] During the tunnel excavation process, the present invention collects geological data of tunnel excavation through a geological radar system, an electronic photography data acquisition system, etc., including information on geological structure, stratum lithology, faults, joints, etc., monitors the loosening of the surrounding rock around the tunnel in real time, and transmits the data to a data processing system.

[0085] Evaluation of stability grade of loose surrounding rock ring of tunnel;

[0086] The existing method is based on directly obtaining simple parameters of the surrounding rock through excavation equipment and comparing with a database of similar projects, and then determining the grade of the loose surrounding rock circle through expert methods and personal experience.

[0087] The present invention automatically processes the acquired surrounding rock data through a data processing system to obtain the scope and degree of surrounding rock loosening, and automatically compares the norms and standards to classify the rock mass, compares and analyzes it with the preset surrounding rock stability evaluation standards to determine the stability grade of the surrounding rock.

[0088] Selection of support methods for tunnel surrounding rock;

[0089] The existing method is based on manually determining the grade of the loose surrounding rock circle and determining the surrounding rock support method based on expert experience.

[0090] The present invention evaluates and predicts the surrounding rock in real time during tunnel excavation based on the automatic rating results of surrounding rock stability and in combination with factors such as excavation speed and excavation method. It also performs bearing capacity and deformation envelope analysis on the support structure based on rock mass classification and geological data to determine the parameters of the optimal tunnel support method.

[0091] Monitoring of tunnel surrounding rock and supporting structures;

[0092] The existing method is to monitor the stress and deformation of surrounding rock and supporting structure based on artificial pre-buried measuring points.

[0093] The present invention uses three-dimensional scanning imaging technology to monitor and analyze the deformation and damage of the surrounding rock in real time, establish a deformation and damage evaluation model, and monitor the tunnel surrounding rock in real time during the dynamic process of excavation, including changes in parameter indicators such as ground stress, rock deformation, and rock cracks.

[0094] How monitoring data are processed;

[0095] The existing method is based on manual processing of monitoring data on the stress and deformation of surrounding rocks and supporting structures, which is inefficient.

[0096] In some embodiments of the present application:

[0097] Applicable geological exploration technology is used to conduct detailed surveys and analyses of the tunnel excavation face and surrounding rock geological conditions, including the influence of geological structure, lithology, fractures, joints and other factors.

[0098] Applicable numerical simulation methods are used to simulate and analyze the stress, deformation, seepage and other conditions during tunnel excavation to evaluate the stability of surrounding rock and lining.

[0099] Based on the simulation analysis results, the surrounding rock is classified and evaluated to determine its stability level, thus guiding the construction plan and measures for tunnel excavation.

[0100] Based on the analysis, appropriate monitoring technology is used to conduct real-time monitoring of surrounding rock deformation, cracks, seepage, etc. during tunnel excavation, so as to promptly discover and deal with problems and ensure safe construction and operation of the tunnel.

[0101] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0102] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a fast-exploiting tunnel, characterized in that: include: Collecting data on the loosened zone of the tunnel surrounding rock. During the tunnel excavation process, the geological data before tunnel excavation is collected through the geological radar system and the electronic photography data acquisition system, and the loosening of the surrounding rock around the tunnel is monitored in real time, and the data is transmitted to the data processing system. The loosened zone data of the tunnel surrounding rock includes geological structure information, stratum lithology information, fault information and joint information; Processing the data of the loosening zone of the tunnel surrounding rock to determine the stability grade of the surrounding rock, processing the data of the loosening zone of the surrounding rock through a data processing system to obtain the loosening range and degree of the surrounding rock, classifying the rock mass on the excavation section according to the loosening range and degree of the surrounding rock, comparing the rock mass classification with a preset surrounding rock stability evaluation standard to determine the stability grade of the surrounding rock; Perform tunnel follow-up classification evaluation according to the stability grade of the surrounding rock, establish a follow-up classification evaluation model according to the stability grade of the surrounding rock, combined with the excavation speed and excavation mode factors, conduct real-time evaluation and prediction of the surrounding rock during the tunnel excavation process based on the follow-up classification evaluation model, and determine the support mode and support parameters for tunnel excavation according to rock mass classification and geological data; The deformation of the tunnel is monitored and the surrounding rock damage is evaluated. Through real-time monitoring and analysis of the deformation and damage of the surrounding rock, a deformation and damage evaluation model is established. During the excavation process, the tunnel surrounding rock is monitored in real time. The monitoring parameters include ground stress, rock deformation and rock cracks.

2. The method for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a fast-exploited tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the steps of monitoring the deformation of the tunnel and evaluating the surrounding rock damage, the method further includes: The tunnel's surrounding rock support measures are reviewed and adjusted in real time.

3. The method for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a fast-exploited tunnel as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The real-time review and adjustment of the surrounding rock support measures of the tunnel further includes: Based on real-time monitoring data, evaluate the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock and verify the stability of the rock mass and the established support structure; According to the evaluation results, the support method and support parameters are adjusted to ensure the safety and stability of tunnel excavation.

4. A device for evaluating the stability of surrounding rock of a fast-exploding tunnel, characterized in that: include: The data acquisition module is used to collect the data of the loosened zone of the tunnel surrounding rock. During the tunnel excavation process, the geological data before the tunnel excavation is collected through the geological radar system and the electronic photography data acquisition system, and the loosening of the surrounding rock around the tunnel is monitored in real time, and the data is transmitted to the data processing system. The loosened zone data of the tunnel surrounding rock includes geological structure information, stratum lithology information, fault information and joint information; A data processing module is used to process the data of the loosening zone of the tunnel surrounding rock to determine the stability grade of the surrounding rock, process the data of the loosening zone of the surrounding rock through the data processing system to obtain the loosening range and degree of the surrounding rock, classify the rock mass on the excavation section according to the loosening range and degree of the surrounding rock, compare the rock mass classification with the preset surrounding rock stability evaluation standard, and determine the stability grade of the surrounding rock; A grading evaluation module is used to perform a tunnel follow-up grading evaluation according to the stability grade of the surrounding rock, establish a follow-up grading evaluation model according to the stability grade of the surrounding rock, combine the excavation speed and excavation mode factors, perform real-time evaluation and prediction of the surrounding rock during the tunnel excavation process based on the follow-up grading evaluation model, and determine the support mode and support parameters of the tunnel excavation according to the rock mass classification and geological data; The damage assessment module is used to monitor the deformation of the tunnel and evaluate the damage of the surrounding rock. By real-time monitoring and analysis of the deformation and damage of the surrounding rock, a deformation and damage assessment model is established. During the excavation process, the surrounding rock of the tunnel is monitored in real time. The monitoring parameters include ground stress, rock deformation and rock cracks. The review and adjustment module is used to review and adjust the tunnel's surrounding rock support measures in real time.

Images