A vomitoxin adsorbent, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a vomitoxin adsorbent, its preparation method and application, belonging to the field of feed additives. The vomitoxin adsorbent includes a carbonized intercalation composite material and an antibacterial component; the carbonized intercalation composite material uses montmorillonite powder as the main material, and chitosan is intercalated and compounded on the main material; the antibacterial component includes Bacillus subtilis, yeast cell wall, Isatis indigotica, Citrus reticulata Blanco, Lycium barbarum, Bupleurum chinense and Schisandra chinensis. The vomitoxin adsorbent prepared by the present invention integrates the characteristics of chitosan, sodium-based montmorillonite powder and Chinese herbal medicines in terms of antibacterial, anti-bacterial, astringent, mucosal repair, immune enhancement and adsorption of mycotoxins and forms a synergistic effect, which has good preventive and therapeutic effects on the contamination of vomitoxin in feed, can significantly reduce the negative effects brought by vomitoxin contamination, improve the growth efficiency, and can be widely applied in the field of feed additives. Moreover, the raw materials used are low-cost and easily available, have no residue, no drug resistance and no toxic and side effects, and have higher economic value in actual production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of feed additives, and particularly to a vomitoxin adsorbent, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Vomitoxin is a type of trichothecene compound with similar chemical structures and biological activities produced by different species of Fusarium, such as Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium culmorum, etc. Also known as deoxynivalenol (DON), it is one of the main contaminating mycotoxins in foods and feeds such as crops like corn, wheat, and barley, with a detection positive rate as high as 50%. After ingestion by animals or humans, DON poisoning in humans is manifested as symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, anorexia, dizziness, etc., while DON poisoning in animals is manifested as anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, and has an adverse impact on immune function and reproductive function, resulting in reduced feed intake, slow growth, damage to the immune system, and a certain dose of DON will cause immunosuppression and immunopotentiation, thus leading to immune abnormalities, seriously affecting the economic benefits of the aquaculture industry.

[0003] The physical and chemical properties of vomitoxin are very stable, and there are certain limitations in using physical and chemical detoxification methods, such as causing a reduction in feed nutrition, reagent residues during cleaning or removal, and secondary pollution caused by the residues of DON and its reaction by-products. Therefore, in order to ensure human health and safety, reduce animal diseases and deaths, and reduce the risks of the aquaculture industry, the development of a vomitoxin adsorbent with high adsorption performance and low cost is of great significance to the current social and economic development. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vomitoxin adsorbent, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The vomitoxin adsorbent provided by the present invention has good preventive and therapeutic effects on the contamination of vomitoxin in the diet, can significantly reduce the negative effects brought by vomitoxin contamination, improve the growth efficiency, and the raw materials used are inexpensive and easily available, without residues, drug resistance, and toxic side effects, and has higher economic value in actual production and is more easily promoted and applied.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a vomitoxin adsorbent, and the vomitoxin adsorbent includes a carbonized intercalation composite material and an antibacterial component;

[0007] The carbonized intercalation composite material uses montmorillonite powder as the main material, and chitosan is intercalated and compounded on the main material; the antibacterial component includes Bacillus subtilis, yeast cell wall, Isatis root, tangerine peel, wolfberry fruit, bupleurum root, and schisandra chinensis.

[0008] Furthermore, the weight ratio of the carbonized intercalated composite material to the antibacterial material is (40 - 60):(20 - 25); wherein, the weight ratio of montmorillonite powder to chitosan in the carbonized intercalated composite material is (1 - 5):(2 - 8), and the weight ratio of Bacillus subtilis, yeast cell wall, Isatis indigotica, Citrus reticulata Blanco, Lycium barbarum, Bupleurum chinense, and Schisandra chinensis in the antibacterial material is (8 - 10):10:1:(1 - 1.5):(1 - 1.5):(1 - 2):1.

[0009] Furthermore, the montmorillonite powder is sodium-based montmorillonite powder; the molecular weight of the chitosan is 10 - 50 kDa.

[0010] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned vomitoxin adsorbent, which includes the following steps:

[0011] Adding a chitosan solution to a suspension of montmorillonite powder, heating with stirring, filtering, washing, drying, and calcining to obtain the carbonized intercalated composite material;

[0012] Mixing the carbonized intercalated composite material with antibacterial components to obtain the vomitoxin adsorbent.

[0013] Furthermore, the concentration of the suspension is 2 - 6 g / mL; the concentration of the chitosan solution is 1 - 5 g / mL.

[0014] Furthermore, the conditions for heating with stirring include a temperature of 60 - 65 °C and a time of 6 h; the drying time is 10 - 12 h; the calcining conditions are vacuum calcining at 400 - 600 °C for 4 h.

[0015] The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned vomitoxin adsorbent in the preparation of a drug for preventing or treating vomitoxin poisoning.

[0016] The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned vomitoxin adsorbent in the preparation of a feed additive for preventing and treating vomitoxin poisoning.

[0017] The present invention also provides a drug for preventing or treating vomitoxin poisoning, which contains the above-mentioned vomitoxin adsorbent.

[0018] The present invention also provides a feed additive, which contains the above-mentioned vomitoxin adsorbent.

[0019] The chitosan used in the present invention is extracted from chitin. Chitin is a by-product of the processing of crustacean seafood such as shrimps and crabs. It has a wide source and is a natural polysaccharide. As a functional biomaterial, chitosan has good biodegradability, cell affinity and biological effects, is non-toxic to living tissue, has strong mucosal repair activity, and has various physiological functions such as antibacterial, anti-tumor, lipid-lowering, and immune enhancement. Moreover, it has polyelectrolyte reaction functional groups, certain gel-forming ability, and high adsorption capacity, and is listed as a coating agent that can be used in national food additives (GB 2760), and is widely used in fields such as food additives and antibacterial agents. Montmorillonite powder is a layered mineral composed of extremely fine hydrated aluminosilicates. Its unique crystal structure has an adsorption and antibacterial effect on bacteria, viruses and various toxins, and has a certain protective effect on the intestinal mucosal barrier of animals. It has a strong cation exchange capacity and great potential for modification.

[0020] In the present invention, intercalation compounding of chitosan and sodium-based montmorillonite powder is carried out. Sodium-based montmorillonite powder is used as the main material for intercalation, and chitosan is used for intercalation compounding. Then, carbonization modification is carried out on the sodium-based montmorillonite powder, so that the intercalation composite material combines the antibacterial, astringent, mucosal repair and immune enhancement activities of chitosan with the function of montmorillonite to adsorb toxic and harmful substances and antibacterial, and a carbonized chitosan-sodium-based montmorillonite powder intercalation composite material is prepared. It can be mixed into the daily diet, laying a foundation for the green and ecological prevention and control of vomitoxin pollution in animal diets, and is also an effective method for the high-value utilization of by-products of seafood processing, an important way to promote the development of the marine economy, and has obvious ecological, social and economic benefits.

[0021] In the present invention, Chinese herbal medicines are added to replace antibiotics. These Chinese herbal medicines have good detoxification effects, can help animals excrete toxins in the body, and at the same time have a protective effect on the liver of animals, helping to reduce the risk of liver damage caused by toxins, enhancing the immune system function of animals, making them more resistant, and improving the functions of the liver to decompose toxins and the kidneys to excrete toxins; at the same time, it can enhance the intestinal mucosal and flora barrier functions, reduce the absorption amount of mycotoxins, and increase the activity of related metabolic enzymes, reduce the absorption of mycotoxins by the body, and accelerate the excretion of mycotoxins.

[0022] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0023] The vomitoxin adsorbent prepared by the present invention integrates the characteristics of chitosan, sodium-based montmorillonite powder, and Chinese herbal medicines in terms of antibacterial, bacteriostatic, astringent, mucosal repair, immune enhancement, and mycotoxin adsorption, and forms a synergistic effect. It has good preventive and therapeutic effects on the contamination of feed by vomitoxin, can significantly reduce the negative effects brought by vomitoxin contamination, improve the growth efficiency, and can be widely applied in the field of feed additives. In addition, the raw materials used are inexpensive and easily available, and have no residue, no drug resistance, and no toxic and side effects, so they have higher economic value and are more easily promoted and applied in actual production. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 SEM image of the sodium-based montmorillonite powder prepared in step S1 of Example 1;

[0026] Figure 2 SEM image of the chitosan-sodium-based montmorillonite powder intercalated composite material prepared in step S2 of Example 1;

[0027] Figure 3 SEM image of the carbonized chitosan-sodium-based montmorillonite powder intercalated composite material prepared in step S2 of Example 1. Detailed Embodiments

[0028] The various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics, and implementation schemes of the present invention.

[0029] It should be understood that the terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Although this invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the practice or testing of this invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the said documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0031] Without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention, various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments of the description of the present invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments obtained from the description of the present invention are obvious to those skilled in the art. The description and examples of the present invention are merely exemplary.

[0032] Regarding the use of "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", etc. herein, they are all open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0033] The chitosan and sodium-based montmorillonite powder used in the following examples were purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Bacillus subtilis and yeast cell wall were provided by the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center. Isatis root, tangerine peel, wolfberry, bupleurum and schisandra chinensis were purchased from Beijing Shenger Technology Co., Ltd.

[0034] The vomitoxin adsorbent provided by the present invention uses sodium-based montmorillonite powder as the main intercalated material for the intercalated composite material, uses chitosan for intercalation compounding, and makes it carbonized by vacuum calcination, and then mixes it with Chinese herbal medicine powder, so that the carbonized intercalated composite material and the Chinese herbal medicine powder cooperate with each other to play a synergistic effect, which is safe and reliable. Moreover, through a large number of screening and research works in the early stage, it was found that the dropping rate of chitosan is the key to the formation of the intercalated composite material. If the dropping rate is too slow, the preparation time will be prolonged, affecting the preparation efficiency. If the dropping rate is too fast, chitosan cannot be fully dispersed into montmorillonite, affecting the formation of the intercalated complex.

[0035] The specific surface area of the sodium-based montmorillonite powder used in the present invention is 240 m 2 / g, and the sodium-based montmorillonite powder used to prepare the suspension of sodium-based montmorillonite powder is the powder passing through a 200-mesh sieve. The molecular weight of the chitosan is 10 - 50 kDa, and the carbonization temperature is 400 - 600 °C. The selected sodium-based montmorillonite powder has a large specific surface area. After carbonization treatment, the specific surface area increases and the polar effect enhances, and the adsorption effect on vomitoxin enhances. The selection of chitosan with a specific molecular weight is based on the fact that chitosan with too low molecular weight is toxic and chitosan with too high molecular weight has too low anti-inflammatory activity. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0036] Example 1

[0037] A vomitoxin adsorbent uses sodium-based montmorillonite powder as the main material for intercalation, and chitosan is used for intercalation compounding. The molecular weight of chitosan is 10 kDa, and it is fully mixed with Bacillus subtilis, yeast cell wall, Isatis indigotica, Citrus reticulata, Lycium barbarum, Bupleurum chinense and Schisandra chinensis powder.

[0038] The preparation method includes the following steps:

[0039] S1. Take 2.5 g of sodium-based montmorillonite powder, add 100 mL of water to prepare a sodium-based montmorillonite powder suspension, and let it stand overnight to fully swell the sodium-based montmorillonite powder.

[0040] S2. Take 5 g of chitosan, dissolve it in 100 mL of water, adjust the pH to 5.0 with 4% acetic acid solution, and add the chitosan acetic acid solution to the sodium-based montmorillonite powder suspension in S1 at a rate of 20 drops / min (if the dropping rate is too slow, it will prolong the preparation time and affect the preparation efficiency; if the dropping rate is too fast, the drug cannot be fully dispersed, affecting the drug effect). Heat to 60 °C, stir for 6 h, filter, and wash the formed composite with ultrapure water until the pH of the washing liquid is 6.5. After drying for 12 h, the chitosan-sodium-based montmorillonite powder intercalated composite material is obtained; the chitosan-sodium-based montmorillonite powder intercalated composite material is calcined in vacuum at 400 °C for 4 h to obtain a carbonized chitosan-sodium-based montmorillonite powder intercalated composite material.

[0041] S3. Fully mix the above carbonized intercalated composite (carbonized chitosan-sodium-based montmorillonite powder intercalated composite material) with Bacillus subtilis, yeast cell wall, Isatis indigotica, Citrus reticulata, Lycium barbarum, Bupleurum chinense and Schisandra chinensis powder to obtain a vomitoxin adsorbent; among them, the weight ratio of the carbonized intercalated composite to Bacillus subtilis, yeast cell wall, Isatis indigotica, Citrus reticulata, Lycium barbarum, Bupleurum chinense and Schisandra chinensis is 50:10:10:1:1:1:1:1.

[0042] The mass ratio of chitosan to sodium-based montmorillonite powder is 2:1. Its surface characteristics are examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and its structural characteristics are detected by a fully automatic specific surface area and porosity analyzer (BET). The expansion index of the carbonized chitosan-sodium-based montmorillonite powder intercalated composite material prepared in step S2 is 85.8%, the pore size is 12.8 ± 1.2 μm, and the bulk density is 0.48 ± 0.09 g / cm 3 .

[0043] Figure 1 is the SEM image of the sodium-based montmorillonite powder prepared in step S1. From Figure 1 it can be seen that before intercalation, the layer spacing of the sodium-based montmorillonite powder is small and the layer wall is thick. Figure 2 is the SEM image of the chitosan-sodium-based montmorillonite powder intercalated composite material prepared in step S2. From Figure 2It can be seen that after intercalation, the layer spacing of sodium-based montmorillonite powder increases significantly and the layer wall becomes thinner. Figure 3 It is the SEM image of the carbonized chitosan-sodium-based montmorillonite powder intercalation composite prepared in step S2. From Figure 3 it can be seen that after carbonization, the layer spacing of sodium-based montmorillonite powder further increases. It is confirmed that using sodium-based montmorillonite powder as the main intercalation material, chitosan is used for intercalation compounding, and then the chitosan-sodium-based montmorillonite powder intercalation composite is carbonized and modified, so that the layer spacing of the carbonized intercalation composite is larger than that of sodium-based montmorillonite powder and the composite before carbonization, further enhancing the adsorption capacity of the carbonized composite.

[0044] Effect example

[0045] 1. In vitro adsorption of DON

[0046] (1) In vitro adsorption test method:

[0047] The DON standard solution is made up to DON of 10 μg / mL with phosphate buffer solution with pH of 8.0. Add 5 mL of the DON dilution to a 10 mL centrifuge tube. Prepare 5 portions of the DON dilution as 5 groups. Among them, 5 mg of sodium-based montmorillonite powder, 5 mg of chitosan, 5 mg of montmorillonite powder mixed detoxifier (including modified montmorillonite, yeast cell wall, Bacillus subtilis, chitosan, BHT, methionine and phenylalanine; the formula refers to the published patent of vomitoxin detoxifier CN102028129A), 5 mg of the carbonized chitosan-sodium-based montmorillonite powder intercalation composite of Example 1, and 5 mg of the vomitoxin adsorbent prepared in Example 1 are added to each group respectively. After sealing the centrifuge tube, place it in a constant temperature oscillator at 37 °C and incubate with oscillation at a frequency of 200 r / min for 2 h. After incubation, centrifuge at 3000 r / min for 10 min with a centrifuge, take the supernatant for high performance liquid chromatography to detect the remaining content of DON, repeat each group three times, and calculate the adsorption rate.

[0048] (2) Test results

[0049] The test grouping and test results are shown in Table 1. Among them, in Group 1, only 5 mg of sodium-based montmorillonite powder is used, in Group 2, only 5 mg of chitosan is added, in Group 3, 5 mg of montmorillonite powder mixed detoxifier is added, in Group 4, the carbonized chitosan-sodium-based montmorillonite powder intercalation composite of Example 1 is added, and in Group 5, 5 mg of the vomitoxin adsorbent of Example 1 is added. The test results are as follows:

[0050] Table 1

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] It can be seen from the above results that in the in vitro adsorption test of DON, the vomitoxin adsorbent of Example 1 has a significant adsorption effect. Compared with montmorillonite powder and chitosan, the intercalation modification significantly improves the adsorption rate of sodium montmorillonite powder for DON, and the adsorption rate of DON is further improved after mixing with Bacillus subtilis and Chinese herbal medicine powder. At the same time, compared with the published formulas on the market, the vomitoxin adsorbent prepared in Example 1 still has a significant advantage in the adsorption effect of vomitoxin.

[0054] The above results indicate that sodium montmorillonite powder and chitosan themselves have almost no adsorption effect on vomitoxin, while the modified vomitoxin adsorbent of the present invention has a significantly improved adsorption effect than using chitosan or sodium montmorillonite powder alone, and the adsorption effect on DON is most obvious.

[0055] 2. Application in C57BL / 6 mice

[0056] (1) Test methods for preventive effects:

[0057] 42 five-week-old C57BL / 6 mice were selected and divided into 7 groups, one for blank control group, one for negative control group, one for positive control group (oral administration of DON), and four for experimental groups. The feeding method was free drinking water and free food intake. The daily feed intake and daily weight gain of mice were recorded for 14 days, and the biochemical indicators of the serum of mice on the 14th day were measured to detect aspartate aminotransferase (ALT), alanine aminotransferase (AST), total protein (TP), and glucose (GLU) content. The specific grouping is shown in Table 2:

[0058] Table 2

[0059]

[0060] (2) Test results:

[0061] The experimental results are shown in Table 3 and Table 4:

[0062] Table 3

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] Note: Data in the same column with different letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05), and data with the same letters or no letters indicate no significant differences (P>0.05).

[0066] Table 4

[0067] Group ALT AST TP GLU Blank control group <![CDATA[26.28±2.33 a > <![CDATA[82.07±2.51 a > <![CDATA[49.86±2.72 a > <![CDATA[7.11±0.51 a > Positive control group <![CDATA[45.43±1.99 b > <![CDATA[124.62±17.96 b > <![CDATA[43.64±0.88 b > <![CDATA[9.54±0.48 b > Negative control group <![CDATA[27.57±1.34 a > <![CDATA[83.77±7.79 a > <![CDATA[49.86±1.98 a > <![CDATA[7.39±0.52 a > Experimental group 1 <![CDATA[34.58±2.19 ab > <![CDATA[107.62±13.24 ab > <![CDATA[44.87±0.69 ab > <![CDATA[8.93±0.58 ab > Experimental group 2 <![CDATA[24.465±0.97 a > <![CDATA[80.04±2.30 a > <![CDATA[47.83±0.90 a > <![CDATA[7.51±0.75 a > Experimental group 3 <![CDATA[25.14±2.19 a > <![CDATA[82.17±6.94 a > <![CDATA[48.71±0.51 a > <![CDATA[7.40±0.65 a > Experimental group 4 <![CDATA[23.51±1.40 a > <![CDATA[84.07±6.71 a > <![CDATA[49.46±0.46 a > <![CDATA[7.46±0.53 a >

[0068] Note: Data in the same column with different letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05), and data with the same letters or no letters indicate no significant differences (P>0.05).

[0069] From the above results, it can be seen that compared with the blank control, the average daily feed intake and daily weight gain of mice after oral administration of DON were significantly decreased. At the same time, DON will cause the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and glucose in the serum of mice to increase, and the total protein content to decrease. The sodium montmorillonite powder treatment group has limited effect on vomitoxin poisoning, while the three vomitoxin adsorbents in test groups 2-4 have a significant effect in preventing and treating DON infection. Compared with the positive control group, the production performance of mice gavaged with the vomitoxin adsorbent of Example 1 (test group 4) was significantly improved in terms of average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain, and blood biochemical indicators were significantly improved, and the addition of the vomitoxin adsorbent alone had no adverse effect on the normal growth of mice.

[0070] The above results indicate that the vomitoxin adsorbent of the present invention can significantly prevent and treat the adverse effects of DON poisoning on the growth performance of mice compared with sodium montmorillonite powder, and has no negative impact on the growth of mice. At the same time, compared with the formulas published on the market, there is no significant difference in the effects of the two in alleviating the adverse effects of vomitoxin poisoning, and the vomitoxin adsorbent of the present invention has a lower raw material cost, which has more economic advantages in actual production.

[0071] 3. Application in weaned piglets

[0072] (1) Test methods for preventive effects:

[0073] 140 five-week-old weaned piglets were selected and divided into 7 groups, one for blank control group, one for negative control group, one for positive control group, and four for experimental groups. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The experimental diet was prepared according to the experimental design requirements with reference to the basic diet standard for weaned piglets (NRC 2012). The diet composition and nutritional level are shown in Table 5. Normal corn was used for normal feed, and moldy corn was used for moldy feed. The moldy corn used in the experiment was normal corn artificially inoculated with Fusarium graminearum, and was used after 28 days of cultivation. The corn raw materials and feed were purified by immunoaffinity column and high-performance liquid chromatography to determine the DON content. The results are as follows: the DON content in normal corn was 347μg / kg, and the DON content in moldy corn was 3420μg / kg. The experimental piglets were housed in replicates. Each treatment had 2 pigs, with 10 pigs in each pen (half male and half female). The experiment was group-fed, with free access to food and water. The immunization and disinfection procedures were carried out according to the conventional methods of the pig farm. During the trial period, the health status of the pigs was carefully observed and recorded, and the dead pigs were eliminated and the feed was cut and weighed in time. The specific grouping is shown in Table 6:

[0074] Table 5

[0075]

[0076] Note: 1 Provide per kilogram of diet: vitamin A, 12,000 IU; vitamin D3, 2,500 IU; vitamin E, 30 IU; vitamin B12, 12 μg; vitamin K3, 3 mg; choline chloride, 400 mg; niacin, 40 mg; pantothenic acid, 15 mg; copper, 10 mg; iron, 90 mg; manganese, 40 mg; selenium, 0.3 mg; iodine, 0.35 mg.

[0077] Table 6

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] (3) Test results:

[0081] The test results are shown in Table 7:

[0082] Table 7

[0083] Group Average daily weight gain (g) Average daily feed intake (g) Blank control group <![CDATA[585.62±28.39 a > <![CDATA[911.33±31.39 a > Positive control group <![CDATA[480.14±36.18 b > <![CDATA[832.59±87.67 b > Negative control group <![CDATA[575.22±40.31 a > <![CDATA[902.25±17.82 a > Experimental group 1 <![CDATA[493.24±41.38 ab > <![CDATA[843.55±42.17 ab > Experimental group 2 <![CDATA[563.94±38.16 a > <![CDATA[894.32±28.43 a > Experimental group 3 <![CDATA[547.07±16.79 ab > <![CDATA[878.21±58.17 a > Experimental group 4 <![CDATA[572.83±30.13 a > <![CDATA[903.42±41.79 a >

[0084] Note: Different superscript letters in the same column indicate significant differences (P<0.05), while the same letter or no letter indicates no significant differences (P>0.05).

[0085] It can be seen from the above results that in terms of preventing DON poisoning in piglets, sodium-based montmorillonite powder has no obvious effect on alleviating vomitoxin poisoning, while the three feed additives in experimental groups 2-3 all have obvious effects. Compared with the positive control group, the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of piglets fed with the feed additive in experimental group 4 have been significantly improved. At the same time, there is no significant difference between the negative control group and the blank control group, proving that the feed additive described in the present invention has no negative effect on the normal growth of weaned piglets.

[0086] The above results show that the vomitoxin adsorbent described in the present invention can significantly prevent the adverse effects of DON poisoning on the growth performance of weaned piglets compared with sodium-based montmorillonite powder, and has no negative impact on the growth of weaned piglets. At the same time, compared with the published formula on the market, there is no obvious difference in the effect of alleviating the adverse effects of vomitoxin poisoning between the two, and the raw material cost of the compound feed additive described in the present invention is lower, which has more economic advantages in actual production.

[0087] 4. Application in finishing pigs

[0088] (1) Test method for preventive effect:

[0089] Except that the test object is finishing pigs, other test methods are the same as those for the preventive effect test of weaned piglets.

[0090] (2) Test results:

[0091] The test results are shown in Table 8

[0092] Table 8

[0093] Group Average daily weight gain (kg) Average daily feed intake (kg) Blank control group <![CDATA[1.02±0.12 a > <![CDATA[3.11±0.31 a > Positive control group <![CDATA[0.83±1.01 b > <![CDATA[2.59±1.23 b > Negative control group <![CDATA[0.98±0.21 a > <![CDATA[3.04±0.75 a > Experimental group 1 <![CDATA[0.85±0.73 ab > <![CDATA[2.78±2.03 ab > Experimental group 2 <![CDATA[0.97±0.83 a > <![CDATA[3.05±1.15 a > Experimental group 3 <![CDATA[0.95±0.54 a > <![CDATA[2.90±1.57 ab > Experimental group 4 <![CDATA[0.99±0.22 a > <![CDATA[2.98±0.84 a >

[0094] Note: Different superscript letters in the same column of data indicate significant differences (P<0.05), while the same letter or no letter indicates no significant difference (P>0.05).

[0095] It can be seen from the above results that in terms of preventing and treating DON poisoning in fattening pigs, sodium-based montmorillonite powder has no obvious effect on alleviating vomitoxin poisoning, while the three compound feed additives (experimental groups 2-4) all have obvious effects. Compared with the positive control group, the growth performance of the fattening pigs added with the compound feed additive of experimental group 4 has significantly improved in terms of average daily gain and average daily feed intake. At the same time, there is no significant difference between the negative control group and the blank control group, which proves that the vomitoxin adsorbent described in the present invention has no negative effect on the normal growth of fattening pigs as a feed additive.

[0096] The above results can show that the vomitoxin adsorbent described in the present invention can significantly prevent and treat the adverse effects of DON poisoning on the growth performance of fattening pigs compared with sodium-based montmorillonite powder, and has no negative impact on the growth of fattening pigs. At the same time, compared with the published formulas on the market, there is no obvious difference in the effect of alleviating the adverse effects of vomitoxin poisoning between the two, but the raw material cost of the vomitoxin adsorbent described in the present invention is lower, and it has higher economic value in actual production and is more likely to be popularized and applied.

[0097] The above-described embodiments are only used to describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Use of a deoxynivalenol adsorbent in the preparation of a drug for preventing or treating deoxynivalenol poisoning; characterized in that: The vomitoxin adsorbent comprises a carbonized intercalation composite material and an antibacterial component; The carbonized intercalation composite material uses montmorillonite powder as the main material, and intercalates composite chitosan on the main material; the antibacterial component contains Bacillus subtilis, yeast cell wall, Radix Isatidis, dried orange peel, wolfberry, radix bupleuri and schisandrae chinensis; The montmorillonite powder is sodium montmorillonite powder; the molecular weight of the chitosan is 10-50 kDa; The weight ratio of the carbonized intercalation composite material and the antibacterial component is (40-60):(20-25); wherein the weight ratio of montmorillonite powder and chitosan in the carbonized intercalation composite material is (1-5):(2-8), and the weight ratio of Bacillus subtilis, yeast cell wall, Radix Isatidis, Tangerine peel, Lycium barbarum, Radix Bupleuri and Schisandrae Chinensis in the antibacterial component is (8-10):10:1:(1-1.5):(1-1.5):(1-2):

1.

2. A drug for preventing or treating vomitoxin poisoning, characterized in that: A vomitoxin adsorbent is provided, wherein the vomitoxin adsorbent comprises a carbonized intercalation composite material and an antibacterial component; The carbonized intercalation composite material uses montmorillonite powder as the main material, and intercalates composite chitosan on the main material; the antibacterial component contains Bacillus subtilis, yeast cell wall, Radix Isatidis, dried orange peel, wolfberry, radix bupleuri and schisandrae chinensis; The montmorillonite powder is sodium montmorillonite powder; the molecular weight of the chitosan is 10-50 kDa; The weight ratio of the carbonized intercalation composite material and the antibacterial component is (40-60):(20-25); wherein the weight ratio of montmorillonite powder and chitosan in the carbonized intercalation composite material is (1-5):(2-8), and the weight ratio of Bacillus subtilis, yeast cell wall, Radix Isatidis, Tangerine peel, Lycium barbarum, Radix Bupleuri and Schisandrae Chinensis in the antibacterial component is (8-10):10:1:(1-1.5):(1-1.5):(1-2):

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3. A method for preparing a vomitoxin adsorbent, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Adding chitosan solution to the suspension of montmorillonite powder, heating and stirring, filtering, washing, drying and calcining to obtain a carbonized intercalation composite material; The carbonized intercalation composite material is mixed with an antibacterial component to obtain a vomitoxin adsorbent; The deoxynivalenol adsorbent comprises a carbonized intercalation composite material and an antibacterial component; The carbonized intercalation composite material uses montmorillonite powder as the main material, and intercalates composite chitosan on the main material; the antibacterial component contains Bacillus subtilis, yeast cell wall, Radix Isatidis, dried orange peel, wolfberry, radix bupleuri and schisandrae chinensis; The montmorillonite powder is sodium montmorillonite powder; the molecular weight of the chitosan is 10-50 kDa; The weight ratio of the carbonized intercalation composite material and the antibacterial component is (40-60):(20-25); wherein the weight ratio of montmorillonite powder and chitosan in the carbonized intercalation composite material is (1-5):(2-8), and the weight ratio of Bacillus subtilis, yeast cell wall, Radix Isatidis, Tangerine peel, Lycium barbarum, Radix Bupleuri and Schisandrae Chinensis in the antibacterial component is (8-10):10:1:(1-1.5):(1-1.5):(1-2):

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4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The concentration of the suspension is 2-6 g / mL; the concentration of the chitosan solution is 1-5 g / mL.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating and stirring conditions include a temperature of 60-65° C. and a time of 6 hours; the drying time is 10-12 hours; and the calcination conditions include vacuum calcination at a temperature of 400-600° C. for 4 hours.

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