Data transmission method and apparatus, network topology, device, and storage medium

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method, device, network topology, equipment and storage medium. The method applied to a first bottom-layer physical node comprises: receiving a data packet of a first Internet of Things device, wherein the data packet comprises address information of a second Internet of Things device, the first Internet of Things device is in communication connection with the first bottom-layer physical node, and the first bottom-layer physical node is located on a path between the first Internet of Things device and a core network; determining a second bottom-layer physical node in communication connection with the second Internet of Things device according to the address information of the second Internet of Things device; and forwarding the data packet to the second Internet of Things device in the case that the second bottom-layer physical node is the same as the first bottom-layer physical node. Therefore, embodiments of the present application can solve the problem that the data transmission path between the Internet of Things devices in the prior art is relatively long, thereby causing a relatively long transmission delay.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mobile communication, and in particular to a data transmission method and device, network topology, equipment and storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] Internet of Things (IoT) refers to connecting any object with the network according to the agreed protocol through information sensing equipment, and the object exchanges and communicates information through information transmission medium to realize intelligent identification, positioning, tracking, supervision and other functions.

[0003] Among them, with the rapid development of Internet of Things, the number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices increases rapidly, and how to effectively manage these devices and guarantee the data transmission efficiency has become an important problem. In the traditional IoT network communication process, a star-shaped networking architecture is generally used. In this way, in the traditional network architecture, the data transmission between the Internet of Things devices needs to be forwarded through the core network, and from the Internet of Things device to the core network, it needs to pass through the access layer, the aggregation layer and the core layer to reach the core network, the whole data transmission path is long, thereby increasing the data transmission delay.

[0004] Therefore, based on the current network architecture, the data transmission path between the Internet of Things devices is long, thereby resulting in long transmission delay. SUMMARY

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method, device, network topology, equipment and storage medium to solve the problem that the data transmission path between the Internet of Things devices in the prior art is long, thereby resulting in long transmission delay.

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method applied to a first bottom layer physical node, and the method comprises:

[0007] receiving a data packet of a first Internet of Things device, wherein the data packet comprises address information of a second Internet of Things device, the first Internet of Things device is in communication connection with the first bottom layer physical node, and the first bottom layer physical node is located on a path between the first Internet of Things device and a core network;

[0008] determining a second bottom layer physical node in communication connection with the second Internet of Things device according to the address information of the second Internet of Things device;

[0009] in the case that the second bottom layer physical node is the same as the first bottom layer physical node, forwarding the data packet to the second Internet of Things device.

[0010] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a data transmission method applied to an upper hop node of a first bottom-layer physical node, wherein the first bottom-layer physical node is a node registered by a first Internet of Things device, upper hop nodes of at least one third bottom-layer physical node are the same as the upper hop node of the first bottom-layer physical node, and the first bottom-layer physical node is located on a path between the first Internet of Things device and a core network; the method comprises the following steps:

[0011] receiving a data packet of the first Internet of Things device, wherein the data packet comprises address information of a second Internet of Things device;

[0012] in a case where it is detected that the first bottom-layer physical node fails, sending the data packet to one of the third bottom-layer physical nodes, so that the third bottom-layer physical node forwards the data packet to the second Internet of Things device according to the address information of the second Internet of Things device.

[0013] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission device applied to a first bottom-layer physical node, wherein the first bottom-layer physical node is located on a path between a first Internet of Things device and a core network, and the device comprises the following modules:

[0014] a first receiving module, configured to receive a data packet of the first Internet of Things device, wherein the data packet comprises address information of a second Internet of Things device, and the first Internet of Things device is in communication connection with the first bottom-layer physical node;

[0015] a determining module, configured to determine a second bottom-layer physical node in communication connection with the second Internet of Things device according to the address information of the second Internet of Things device;

[0016] a first sending module, configured to forward the data packet to the second Internet of Things device in a case where the second bottom-layer physical node is the same as the first bottom-layer physical node.

[0017] In a fourth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission device applied to an upper hop node of a first bottom-layer physical node, wherein the first bottom-layer physical node is a node registered by a first Internet of Things device, upper hop nodes of at least one third bottom-layer physical node are the same as the upper hop node of the first bottom-layer physical node, and the first bottom-layer physical node is located on a path between the first Internet of Things device and a core network; the device comprises the following modules:

[0018] a second receiving module, configured to receive a data packet of the first Internet of Things device, wherein the data packet comprises address information of a second Internet of Things device;

[0019] The second sending module is configured to send the data packet to one of the third bottom-layer physical nodes in a case where the first bottom-layer physical node is detected to be faulty, so that the third bottom-layer physical node forwards the data packet to the second Internet of Things device according to the address information of the second Internet of Things device.

[0020] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a network topology structure, which comprises a first Internet of Things device, a first bottom-layer physical node, and a second Internet of Things device, wherein the first bottom-layer physical node is located on a path between the first Internet of Things device and a core network.

[0021] The first Internet of Things device is configured to send a data packet, wherein the data packet comprises address information of the second Internet of Things device.

[0022] The first bottom-layer physical node is configured to receive the data packet, determine a second bottom-layer physical node that is in communication connection with the second Internet of Things device according to the address information of the second Internet of Things device, and send the data packet to the second Internet of Things device in a case where the second bottom-layer physical node is the same as the first bottom-layer physical node.

[0023] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which comprises a memory, a transceiver, and a processor.

[0024] The memory is configured to store a computer program; the transceiver is configured to transceive data under control of the processor; and the processor is configured to read the computer program in the memory and perform the data transmission method in the first aspect or the data transmission method in the second aspect.

[0025] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a readable storage medium, which stores a program or instructions, and the program or instructions are executed by a processor to implement the data transmission method in the first aspect or the data transmission method in the second aspect.

[0026] In the embodiment of the present application, the first bottom-layer physical node can receive a data packet of the first Internet of Things device, and the data packet comprises address information of the second Internet of Things device, so that the first bottom-layer physical node can determine a second bottom-layer physical node that is in communication connection with the second Internet of Things device according to the address information of the second Internet of Things device, and then forward the data packet to the second Internet of Things device in a case where the second bottom-layer physical node is the same as the first bottom-layer physical node, wherein the first bottom-layer physical node is located on a path between the first Internet of Things device and a core network.

[0027] As can be seen, in this embodiment of the application, a low-level physical node capable of data forwarding is added between the IoT device and the core network. In this way, data transmission between two IoT devices can bypass the core network and be forwarded through the low-level physical node before the core network, thereby shortening the data transmission path and reducing data transmission latency. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 One of the flowcharts for the data transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 2 A second flowchart illustrating the data transmission method provided in this application embodiment;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating one specific implementation of the network topology structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a second schematic diagram illustrating a specific implementation of the network topology structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a third schematic diagram illustrating a specific implementation of the network topology structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 6 Based on the embodiments of this application Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the data transmission process in the network topology shown;

[0035] Figure 7 This is one of the structural block diagrams of the data transmission device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a second structural block diagram of the data transmission device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The term "and / or" in the embodiments of the present application describes the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after it.

[0039] The term "multiple" in the embodiments of the present application means two or more, and other quantifiers are similar.

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] The embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method, device, network topology, equipment and storage medium, to solve the problem that the data transmission path between Internet of Things devices in the prior art is long, thereby causing long transmission delay.

[0042] The method and the device are based on the same application concept. Since the principles of the method and the device for solving problems are similar, the implementation of the device and the method can be referred to each other, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0043] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method, which can be applied to a first underlay physical node, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the method can include the following steps:

[0044] Step 101: receiving a data packet of a first Internet of Things device.

[0045] The data packet includes address information of a second Internet of Things device; optionally, the data packet also includes data content.

[0046] In addition, the first Internet of Things device is in communication connection with the first underlay physical node; the first underlay physical node is located on the path between the first Internet of Things device and the core network. It should be noted that the core network mentioned here can refer to a core network device (i.e. a device after the core layer device).

[0047] It can be understood that the core network access layer device, the core network convergence layer device and the core layer device are all outside the core network and all belong to bearer network devices, i.e. only after the core layer device does it enter the core network.

[0048] Optionally, the first IoT device can be communicatively connected with the first underlay IoT node through other devices; for example, the first IoT device is communicatively connected with the first underlay physical node through an access network device (e.g., a base station) and a core network access layer device; in this case, the first IoT device sends the data packet to the access network device to which it accesses, so that the access network device forwards the data packet to the core network access layer device, and then the core network access layer device forwards the data packet to the first underlay physical node.

[0049] That is, in the embodiment of the present application, the first underlay physical node can be arranged on the path between the first IoT device and the core network, for example, the following devices exist in sequence on the path between the first IoT device and the core network: an access network device, a core network access layer device, a core network convergence layer device, and a core layer device; therefore, the first underlay physical node can be arranged between the core network access layer device and the core network convergence layer device, so that the path for transmitting data between IoT devices is shorter and the delay is shorter.

[0050] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the first underlay physical node is not limited to being arranged between the core network access layer device and the core network convergence layer device. It can be understood that the first underlay physical node can be arranged before the core network to achieve the effect of shortening the data transmission path and reducing the delay.

[0051] In addition, the IoT device in the embodiment of the present application can include at least one of a sensor, an actuator, and a monitoring device; the underlay node: uses a high-performance server to deploy a bearer network access layer and has powerful data storage and processing capabilities, and is responsible for managing and maintaining connected IoT devices.

[0052] Step 102: determining a second underlay physical node communicatively connected with the second IoT device according to address information of the second IoT device.

[0053] According to the address information of the second IoT device, the second access network device accessed by the second IoT device can be determined; and the address information of the IoT device registered or accessed on each underlay physical node is recorded in each underlay physical node, so that the second underlay physical node accessed by the second access network device can be obtained.

[0054] Alternatively, the address information of the IoT device registered or accessed on each underlay physical node is recorded in each underlay physical node, and then the second underlay physical node accessed by the second IoT device can be determined according to the address information of the second IoT device.

[0055] Step 103: forwarding the data packet to the second IoT device in the case that the second underlay physical node is the same as the first underlay physical node.

[0056] wherein the second bottom-layer physical node is same as the first bottom-layer physical node, indicating that the first IoT device and the second IoT device are in communication connection with (or access) the same bottom-layer physical node.

[0057] In addition, different IoT devices can access the same bottom-layer physical node or different bottom-layer physical nodes, and when the first IoT device and the second IoT device access the same bottom-layer physical node, the data packet transmitted between the first IoT device and the second IoT device can be forwarded by the bottom-layer physical node.

[0058] Exemplarily, if the first IoT device, the first access network device, the core network access layer device, and the first bottom-layer physical node are in communication connection in sequence; the second IoT device, the second access network device, the core network access layer device, and the first bottom-layer physical node are in communication connection in sequence (i.e., the first IoT device and the second IoT device access different access network devices, access the same core network access layer device, and access the same bottom-layer physical node), the transmission path of the data packet transmitted by the first IoT device is: the first IoT device→the first access network device→the core network access layer device→the first bottom-layer physical node→the core network access layer device→the second access network device→the second IoT device.

[0059] As known from the above steps 101 to 103, in the embodiment of the present application, the first bottom-layer physical node can receive the data packet of the first IoT device, and the data packet includes the address information of the second IoT device, so that the first bottom-layer physical node can determine the second bottom-layer physical node in communication connection with the second IoT device according to the address information of the second IoT device, and further forward the data packet to the second IoT device in the case that the second bottom-layer physical node is same as the first bottom-layer physical node, wherein the first bottom-layer physical node is located on the path between the first IoT device and the core network.

[0060] As can be seen, in the embodiment of the present application, the bottom-layer physical node capable of forwarding data is added between the IoT device and the core network, so that the data transmission between two IoT devices can not pass through the core network, but is forwarded by the bottom-layer physical node before the core network, thereby the data transmission path can be shortened and the data transmission delay can be reduced.

[0061] Optionally, the method further includes the following step C1:

[0062] Step C1: in the case that the second bottom-layer physical node is different from the first bottom-layer physical node, forwarding the data packet to the second bottom-layer physical node, so that the second bottom-layer physical node sends the data packet to the second IoT device.

[0063] The second bottom-layer physical node is located on a path between the second Internet of Things device and the core network.

[0064] In addition, the second bottom-layer physical node is different from the first bottom-layer physical node, indicating that the first Internet of Things device and the second Internet of Things device access different bottom-layer physical nodes. In this case, the first bottom-layer physical node needs to forward the data packet sent by the first Internet of Things device to the second bottom-layer physical node, so that the second bottom-layer physical node forwards the data packet to the second Internet of Things device.

[0065] Optionally, in the case where the bottom-layer physical node is arranged between the core network access layer device and the core network convergence layer device, in step C1, the forwarding of the data packet to the second bottom-layer physical node comprises:

[0066] determining a first transmission path between the first bottom-layer physical node and the second bottom-layer physical node and the second access network device, and sending the data packet to a next hop node of the first bottom-layer physical node on the first transmission path, so that the node sends the data packet to the second bottom-layer physical node based on the first transmission path, so that the second bottom-layer physical node sends the data packet to the second access network device, and the second access network device forwards the data packet to the second Internet of Things device;

[0067] The second access network device is an access network device accessed by the second Internet of Things device.

[0068] It should be noted that the routing information between different access network devices can be recorded in the bottom-layer physical node. In this way, the first bottom-layer physical node can determine the second transmission path between the first access network device and the second access network device, and based on the connection relationship of the Internet of Things device, the access network device, the core network access layer device, the bottom-layer physical node, the core network convergence layer device, the core layer device, and the core network, the above-mentioned first transmission path is a part of the second transmission path. Therefore, the first bottom-layer physical node can obtain the first transmission path based on the obtained second transmission path.

[0069] For example, as shown in Figure 3 When the first access network device is a first base station and the second access network device is a second base station, the first transmission path between the first bottom-layer physical node and the second bottom-layer physical node and the second base station is: the first bottom-layer physical node→B-1→ER→B-2→the second bottom-layer physical node→A-2→the second base station. As can be seen, when the first Internet of Things device and the second access network device access the same core layer device of the core network, the first transmission path does not need to pass through the 5G core network. In this way, the data packet does not need to be forwarded through the 5G core network when it is transmitted through the first transmission path, and the transmission path is relatively short, thereby shortening the data transmission delay.

[0070] wherein, in Figure 3 A-1, A-2 represent different core network access layer devices, B-1, B-2 represent different core network convergence layer devices, and ER represents a core layer device.

[0071] Alternatively, the different underlying physical nodes can be directly communicatively connected (for example, through a high-speed wired or wireless network connection), so that the first underlying physical node can directly send the data packet of the first Internet of Things device to the second underlying physical node.

[0072] Optionally, the data packet further comprises network access parameters of the first Internet of Things device; and in the step C1, the forwarding the data packet to the second underlying physical node comprises:

[0073] in a case where the network access parameters of the first Internet of Things device are included in a target list stored in the first underlying physical node, forwarding the data packet to the second underlying physical node.

[0074] The target list comprises network access parameters that allow the data packet to be forwarded through the underlying physical node.

[0075] In addition, the network access parameters are used to indicate a way of accessing a network; for example, the network access parameters can comprise an Access Point Name (APN); wherein the APN refers to a network access technology, and is a parameter that must be configured when a device accesses the network, which determines the access mode used by the device to access the network.

[0076] In the embodiments of the present application, the target list can be pre-stored in the underlying physical node to record the network access parameters that allow the data packet to be forwarded through the underlying physical node, so that the device using these network access parameters can forward the data packet through the underlying physical node, i.e., using a shortened data transmission path, without having to be forwarded by the core network.

[0077] It can be understood that if the network access parameters of the first Internet device to which the data packet received by the first underlying physical node belongs do not exist in the target list, the first underlying physical node sends the data packet to the core network, so that the core network sends the data packet to the second Internet device (i.e., the recipient of the data packet); it can be seen that the transmission of the data packet of the device corresponding to the network access parameters that do not exist in the target list needs to be forwarded by the core network, i.e., using the original long path.

[0078] Optionally, the data packet further comprises network access parameters of the first Internet of Things device; and in the step C1, the forwarding the data packet to the second underlying physical node comprises:

[0079] in a case that the first bottom-layer physical node has stored the network access parameter of the first Internet of Things device in the target list, forwarding the data packet to the second bottom-layer physical node;

[0080] The target list includes the network access parameter that allows the data packet to be forwarded through the bottom-layer physical node.

[0081] It can be understood that, if the network access parameter of the first Internet device to which the data packet received by the first bottom-layer physical node belongs does not exist in the target list, and the first bottom-layer physical node is different from the second bottom-layer physical node accessed by the second Internet device (i.e., the receiver of the data packet sent by the first Internet device), the first bottom-layer physical node sends the data packet to the core network, so that the core network sends the data packet to the second bottom-layer physical node accessed by the second Internet device, and then the second bottom-layer physical node accessed by the second Internet device sends the data packet to the second Internet device; it can be seen that the transmission of the data packet of the device corresponding to the network access parameter that does not exist in the target list needs the core network to forward, i.e., uses the original long path.

[0082] As can be seen from the above, in the embodiments of the present application, the data packet of the device accessing the network in a certain way can use the shortened path transmission, and the data packet of the device accessing the network in a certain way can use the original long path transmission, so that different transmission paths are used for devices accessing the network in different ways, rather than using the same transmission path, and then the transmission pressure of each node on the transmission path can be relieved.

[0083] It should be noted that after the bottom-layer physical node receives the data packet, it can determine the way in which the device sending the data packet accesses the network according to the network access parameter included in the data packet, and the Internet of Things device and the Internet device access the network in different ways, so that according to the network access parameter, it can be determined whether the device sending the data packet belongs to the Internet of Things device or the Internet device, and then the network access parameter of the Internet of Things device can be recorded in the target list, and the network access parameter of the Internet device is not recorded in the target list, so that the data packet of the Internet of Things device can use the shortened path transmission, and the data packet of the Internet device can use the original long path transmission.

[0084] Optionally, before receiving the data packet of the first Internet of Things device, the method further comprises:

[0085] receiving registration information of the first Internet of Things device;

[0086] According to the registration information, the first Internet of Things device is registered.

[0087] The registration information includes at least one of a UID, a device type, and a manufacturer.

[0088] Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the Internet of Things device can be registered in the underlying physical node, so that the data packet of the Internet of Things device registered in the underlying physical node can be forwarded by the underlying physical node.

[0089] In addition, before accessing the network, the Internet of Things device first performs device connection and startup, and the device starts its network function during the startup process, and then reads its own unique identification code (User Identification, UID). The UID is assigned during the manufacturing process of the device and has global uniqueness. Then, the Internet of Things device can package the UID, device type, and manufacturer into a data packet, and then send it to the underlying physical node to be accessed through the preset network interface. For example, the Internet of Things device accesses which access network device (such as a base station), and the Internet of Things device can send the data packet of the registration information to the underlying physical node connected to the access network device. Or the Internet of Things device can send the registration information to the nearest underlying physical node (i.e., the Internet of Things device accesses the nearest underlying physical node). After that, the underlying physical node receives the data packet of the registration information, parses the device information, and registers the physical network device in the database to establish a device information file.

[0090] Optionally, the registration of the first Internet of Things device according to the registration information comprises:

[0091] In the case that the type of the first Internet of Things device belongs to a first predetermined type, or the APN parameter of the first Internet of Things device is a first predetermined parameter, the first Internet of Things device is registered according to the registration information.

[0092] The type of the first Internet of Things device belongs to a first predetermined type, or the APN parameter of the first Internet of Things device is a first predetermined parameter.

[0093] The first predetermined type is the type of the Internet of Things device corresponding to the first underlying physical node.

[0094] The first predetermined parameter is the APN parameter corresponding to the first underlying physical node.

[0095] Therefore, one underlying physical node can access a specific type of Internet of Things device or access an Internet of Things device using a specific network access parameter. For example, different types of Internet of Things devices can access different underlying physical nodes, and Internet of Things devices using different ways to access the network can access different underlying physical nodes, so as to achieve load balancing.

[0096] For example, a plurality of IoT devices access the same access network device (e.g., a base station), which is communicatively connected to a plurality of underlay physical nodes. The plurality of IoT devices can be accessed on different underlay physical nodes according to the types or network access parameters of the IoT devices, thereby achieving load balancing.

[0097] It can be understood that a hash function or a load balancing algorithm can be used to effectively distribute the plurality of IoT devices to different underlay physical nodes for connection and management, thereby ensuring rational use of network resources.

[0098] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0099] In a case where the last hop node of the at least one third underlay physical node is the same as the last hop node of the first underlay physical node, sending first information to the third underlay physical node, wherein the first information comprises registration information and network access parameters of the first IoT device.

[0100] Therefore, if the last hop nodes of a plurality of underlay physical nodes are the same, the plurality of underlay physical nodes can share the registration information and network access parameters of the IoT devices registered thereon. When a fault occurs in one of the underlay physical nodes, the IoT device registered on the underlay physical node can be forwarded by another underlay physical node according to the network access parameters of the IoT device. It can be understood that the process of forwarding the data packet of the IoT device by the underlay physical node according to the network access parameters can refer to the related content of steps 103 and C1 described above, and will not be described here.

[0101] For example, the last hop nodes of Underlay1 and Underlay2 are the same, and IoT devices 1 and 2 are registered on Underlay1. If Underlay1 fails, the last hop nodes of Underlay1 and Underlay2 can send the data packet of IoT device 1 to Underlay2 for forwarding after receiving the data packet. For example, a virtual router redundancy protocol (VRRP) technology can be used to take one of Underlay1 and Underlay2 as a secondary path and the other as a primary path.

[0102] As described above, in the embodiments of the present application, when a certain underlay physical node fails, the IoT devices managed by the underlay physical node will be automatically redistributed to other available nodes, ensuring network stability and reliability.

[0103] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0104] In a case where the second bottom-layer physical node is different from the first bottom-layer physical node, address information of the first access network device is sent to the second bottom-layer physical node, so that the second bottom-layer physical node determines a data transmission path between the second bottom-layer physical node and the first access network device according to the address information of the first access network device.

[0105] The first access network device is an access network device accessed by the first Internet of Things device.

[0106] Therefore, if the second bottom-layer physical node is different from the first bottom-layer physical node, the first bottom-layer physical node can send the address information of the first access network device to the second bottom-layer physical node. Thus, the second bottom-layer physical node can determine the data transmission path between the second bottom-layer physical node and the first access network device according to the address information. When the second bottom-layer physical node sends data to the first Internet of Things device, it can not need to determine which bottom-layer physical node the first Internet of Things device accesses according to the address information of the first Internet of Things device, that is, the second bottom-layer physical node can directly send data to the first Internet of Things device through the determined data transmission path, thereby saving processing time.

[0107] In addition, the data transmitted between the Internet of Things device and the bottom-layer physical node in the login process of the Internet of Things device on the bottom-layer physical node can be encrypted, and the Internet of Things device is authenticated by the login process, thereby protecting data security. It can be seen that the embodiments of the present application can implement security measures such as encryption and identity verification on the bottom-layer physical node, thereby enhancing the security of the network and protecting the device and data from malicious attacks and unauthorized access.

[0108] It should be further noted that in the embodiments of the present application, each bottom-layer physical node can be centrally managed by the central control node layer, and policies can be added or deleted for a plurality of bottom-layer physical nodes, for example, a data forwarding policy can be added or deleted, that is, the bottom-layer physical nodes can be set to work or not to work in batches.

[0109] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide a data transmission method applied to a next-hop node of a first bottom-layer physical node, wherein the first bottom-layer physical node is a node registered by a first Internet of Things device, a next-hop node of at least one third bottom-layer physical node is the same as that of the first bottom-layer physical node, and the first bottom-layer physical node is located on a path between the first Internet of Things device and a core network.

[0110] Optionally, the first IoT device can be communicatively connected with the first bottom-layer IoT node through other devices; for example, the first IoT device is communicatively connected with the first bottom-layer physical node through an access network device (e.g., a base station) and a core network access layer device.

[0111] That is, in the embodiments of the present application, the first bottom-layer physical node can be arranged on a path between the first IoT device and the core network, for example, the following devices exist in sequence on the path between the first IoT device and the core network: an access network device, a core network access layer device, a core network convergence layer device, and a core layer device, and the first bottom-layer physical node can be arranged between the core network access layer device and the core network convergence layer device. In this way, the path for transmitting data between IoT devices is shorter, and the delay is shorter.

[0112] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, the first bottom-layer physical node is not limited to being arranged between the core network access layer device and the core network convergence layer device. It can be understood that the first bottom-layer physical node can be arranged before the core network to achieve the effect of shortening the data transmission path and reducing the delay.

[0113] As shown in FIG. 1, the method comprises the following steps 201 to 202: Figure 2

[0114] Step 201: receiving a data packet of a first IoT device.

[0115] The data packet comprises address information of a second IoT device; optionally, the data packet further comprises data content.

[0116] Step 202: in the case where the first bottom-layer physical node is detected to be faulty, sending the data packet to one of the third bottom-layer physical nodes, so that the third bottom-layer physical node forwards the data packet to the second IoT device according to the address information of the second IoT device.

[0117] It should be noted that the specific implementation process of the third bottom-layer physical node forwarding the data packet to the second IoT device according to the address information of the second IoT device is the same as the specific implementation process of the first bottom-layer physical node forwarding the data packet to the second IoT device according to the address information of the second IoT device, which is described in detail in the foregoing steps 103 and step C1, and will not be described here.

[0118] ​As can be known from the steps 201 to 202, in the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of bottom-layer physical nodes capable of forwarding data can be added between the Internet of Things devices and the core network, so that the data transmission between two Internet of Things devices can not pass through the core network, but is forwarded by the bottom-layer physical nodes before the core network, thereby shortening the data transmission path and reducing the data transmission delay; and when a certain bottom-layer physical node fails, the other bottom-layer physical nodes can replace the failed bottom-layer physical node to forward data, thereby avoiding service interruption and data loss and ensuring network stability and reliability.

[0119] The embodiment of the present application also provides a network topology structure, which comprises a first Internet of Things device, a first bottom-layer physical node and a second Internet of Things device, wherein the first bottom-layer physical node is located on a path between the first Internet of Things device and a core network.

[0120] The first Internet of Things device is configured to send a data packet, wherein the data packet comprises address information of the second Internet of Things device.

[0121] The first bottom-layer physical node is configured to receive the data packet, determine a second bottom-layer physical node in communication connection with the second Internet of Things device according to the address information of the second Internet of Things device, and send the data packet to the second Internet of Things device in the case that the second bottom-layer physical node is the same as the first bottom-layer physical node.

[0122] Optionally, the first bottom-layer physical node is located between a core network access layer device and a core network convergence layer device accessed by the first Internet of Things device, so that the path for transmitting data between the Internet of Things devices is shorter and the delay is shorter.

[0123] It should be noted that each device or node in the network architecture can perform each step of the method described in the first aspect and the second aspect, and details can be referred to the foregoing description.

[0124] In order to facilitate understanding of the foregoing, the specific implementation of the network topology structure of the embodiment of the present application is described as follows:

[0125] I. The network element devices involved are as follows:

[0126] Internet of Things device: including sensors, actuators, monitoring devices, etc.; used for collecting environmental data, executing control instructions, reporting device status, etc.; the specific shape and size are customized according to specific applications;

[0127] Underlay node: uses high-performance servers to deploy 5G bearer network access layer, has strong data storage and processing capacity, is responsible for managing and maintaining connected IoT devices, and is also used for storing and processing data, interacting with central control nodes, etc. Its form can be: rack-mounted or blade servers;

[0128] Central control node: data analysis and processing server, responsible for data analysis and policy distribution of Underlay nodes (such as adding or deleting policies for multiple underlying physical nodes); its form can be: large rack-mounted servers or cloud server clusters;

[0129] Among them, the Internet of Things devices establish a connection with the nearest Underlay node through wireless means. Underlay nodes are connected through high-speed wired or wireless networks to form a stable Underlay network layer. Underlay nodes and central control nodes communicate securely through dedicated lines or virtual private networks (VPN).

[0130] Therefore, the network topology of the embodiments of the present application belongs to an Underlay network architecture, that is, the Underlay network architecture: it can be a physical network interconnected by multiple types of devices, responsible for data packet transmission between networks. In a typical Underlay network, the devices that can be interconnected include various types of switches, routers, load balancing devices, firewalls, etc. The interconnected devices ensure IP connectivity between them through routing protocols in the network layer of the Open System Interconnect (OSI) seven-layer model and transmission protocols in the data link layer.

[0131] II. The software architecture is as follows:

[0132] Internet of Things device layer: runs a lightweight operating system, responsible for data collection, preliminary processing, and communication with Underlay nodes.

[0133] Underlay network layer: runs a distributed network management system, responsible for device connection management, data routing and forwarding, load balancing, and fault recovery, etc.

[0134] Central control node: runs an analysis platform, responsible for data storage, analysis and visualization, as well as configuration and policy distribution.

[0135] The network topology structure (i.e., the network architecture based on the Underlay) in the application embodiment can provide a stable, efficient and secure network communication platform for the smart city management system, supporting the connection and management of large-scale Internet of Things devices, thereby promoting the innovation and development of smart city applications.

[0136] III. Network Topology Connection Forms

[0137] (1) When the first IoT device and the second IoT device are connected to different base stations, and the different base stations are connected to different core network access layer devices, and the different core network access layer devices are connected to different core network aggregation layer devices, but the different core network aggregation layer devices are connected to the same core layer device, such as Figure 3 As shown, a first underlying physical node can be added between A-1 and B-1, and a second underlying physical node can be added between A-2 and B-2. Thus, the data transmission path between the first IoT device and the second IoT device is: First IoT device → First base station → A-1 → First underlying physical node → B-1 → ER → B-2 → Second underlying physical node → A-2 → Second base station → Second IoT device. In this way, data packets transmitted between the first IoT device and the second IoT device no longer need to be forwarded by the core network; they can be forwarded at the ER located before the core network, thereby shortening the data transmission path and reducing transmission latency.

[0138] It should be noted that after adding a first underlying physical node between A-1 and B-1, and a second underlying physical node between A-2 and B-2, the first and second underlying physical nodes record the addresses of the base stations they are connected to, as well as the routing information between the base stations. Therefore, after the first underlying physical node receives the data packet from the first IoT device, it can determine the route between the first base station and the second base station (i.e., first base station → A-1 → first underlying physical node → B-1 → ER → B-2 → second underlying physical node → A-2 → second base station). In this way, the data packet from the first IoT device can be transmitted to the second base station along this route, and then transmitted from the second base station to the second IoT device.

[0139] If neither the first nor the second underlying physical node exists, the data packets from the first IoT device need to be transmitted to the core network before being forwarded to the second IoT device. However, in the embodiments of this application, the route (i.e., the transmission path) between the first and second base stations can be determined through the aforementioned underlying physical nodes. This ensures that the base stations are interconnected, eliminating the need for core network forwarding. Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, adding underlying physical nodes can shorten the data transmission path.

[0140] Or, it can be understood that data transmission can also be performed between the first bottom layer physical node and the second bottom layer physical node, and thus the data transmission path between the first Internet of Things device and the second Internet of Things device is: the first Internet of Things device→the first base station→A-1→the first bottom layer physical node→the second bottom layer physical node→A-2→the second base station→the second Internet of Things device; in this way, the data transmission path between the two Internet of Things devices is shorter.

[0141] It should be noted that, in Figure 3 , A-1 and A-2 represent different core network access layer devices, B-1 and B-2 represent different core network convergence layer devices, and ER represents a core layer device.

[0142] (2) In the case where the first Internet of Things device and the second Internet of Things device access different base stations and the different base stations are connected to the same core network access layer device, as shown in Figure 4 , a bottom layer physical node can be added between A and B, and thus the data transmission path between the first Internet of Things device and the second Internet of Things device is: the first Internet of Things device→the first base station→A→the bottom layer physical node→A→the second base station→the second Internet of Things device; in this way, the data packets transmitted between the first Internet of Things device and the second Internet of Things device no longer need to be forwarded by the core network, but can be forwarded by the bottom layer physical node between A and B, so that the data transmission path between the first Internet of Things device and the second Internet of Things device can be greatly shortened, and transmission delay can be reduced.

[0143] It should be noted that, in Figure 4 , A represents a core network access layer device, B represents a core network convergence layer device, and ER represents a core layer device.

[0144] (3) In the case where the first Internet of Things device and the second Internet of Things device access the same base station, as shown in Figure 5 , a bottom layer physical node can be added between A and B, and thus the data transmission path between the first Internet of Things device and the second Internet of Things device is: the first Internet of Things device→the base station→A→the bottom layer physical node→A→the base station→the second Internet of Things device; in this way, the data packets transmitted between the first Internet of Things device and the second Internet of Things device no longer need to be forwarded by the core network, but can be forwarded by the bottom layer physical node between A and B, so that the data transmission path between the first Internet of Things device and the second Internet of Things device can be greatly shortened, and transmission delay can be reduced.

[0145] It should be noted that, in Figure 5 , A represents a core network access layer device, B represents a core network convergence layer device, and ER represents a core layer device.

[0146] Four, based on the network topology structure described in the foregoing, the following processes are performed:

[0147] (1) Device identification and registration process (applicable to Figure 3 , 4 , the network topology of 5):

[0148] Step one: device connection and startup, that is, the Internet of Things device first performs device connection and startup before accessing the network. During the startup process, the device will start its network function;

[0149] Step two: UID reading, that is, the Internet of Things device contains a unique identification code (i.e. UID) inside. This UID is assigned during the manufacturing process of the device and has global uniqueness. After the device is started, the UID of the device will be read;

[0150] Step three: information packaging and sending, that is, the Internet of Things device packages the UID, device type, manufacturer, and other information into a data packet, and then sends it to the underlying physical node connected to the base station accessed by the Internet of Things device through the pre-set network interface;

[0151] It can be understood that the Internet of Things device can determine the base station it wants to access according to its geographic location information, network demand, and other factors.

[0152] Step four: bottom layer physical node receives and registers, that is, after the bottom layer physical node receives the above data packet, the device information is parsed, and the device is registered in the database, and a device information file is established.

[0153] (2) For the network topology structure shown in Figure 3 , after the first Internet of Things device is registered in the first underlying physical node, the first underlying physical node sends the address information of the first base station accessed by the first Internet of Things device to the second underlying physical node. In this way, the second underlying physical node can construct a routing table between the second underlying physical node and the first base station according to the address information of the first base station, so that the second underlying physical node can send the data packet of the second Internet of Things device to the first base station, and then the first base station sends it to the first Internet of Things device.

[0154] (3) After the Internet of Things device is registered in the core network, the core network instructs the Internet of Things device to access which APN on the base station;

[0155] (4) Data packet transmission process, taking the network topology structure shown in Figure 5 as an example, the specific process is shown in Figure 6 , which specifically includes the following steps one to five:

[0156] Step one: the first IoT device generates a data packet and sends it to the base station, that is, when the first IoT device needs to transmit data, it will generate a data packet containing the target address (i.e. the address of the second IoT device, such as the destination Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP) port), data content, APN information, etc. Information, so as to send to the base station accessed by the first IoT device;

[0157] Step two: the base station sends the data packet to A;

[0158] Step three: A forwards the data packet to the underlying physical node;

[0159] Step four: the underlying physical node determines whether the APN information in the data packet exists in the target list. If it exists, the address of the second base station accessed by the second IoT device is determined according to the target address, and then the underlying physical node (or, it can also be understood that the first underlying physical node discovers that the second base station is connected to itself according to the address of the second address) connected to the second base station is determined according to the address of the second base station. The data packet reaches the second IoT device through the following path: underlying physical node→A→base station→second IoT device:

[0160] Among them, the target list includes APN information allowed to forward data packets through the underlying physical node;

[0161] It can be understood that if the APN information in the data packet does not exist in the target list, the first underlying physical node will send the received data packet to B, and then the data packet reaches the second IoT device through the following path: underlying physical node→B→ER→core network→ER→B→underlying physical node→A→base station→second IoT device;

[0162] Step five: after the second IoT device receives the data packet, it will parse the data content and perform corresponding processing.

[0163] It should be noted that in Figure 6 , the base station receives the data packet and adds a General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol (GPRS Tunneling Protocol, GTP) header to it. The GTP header includes: the address of the base station and the 5G core network address.

[0164] In addition, if multiple IoT devices access the same base station, the base station is in communication connection with multiple underlying physical nodes, then according to the type or network access parameter of the IoT device, these IoT devices can be accessed on different underlying physical nodes, so as to realize load balancing.

[0165] And one core network access layer device can connect multiple underlying physical nodes, so when a certain underlying physical node fails, the IoT devices it manages will be automatically redistributed to other available nodes, ensuring network stability and reliability.

[0166] In summary, the following technical points are adopted in the embodiments of the present application:

[0167] 1. Construction of the Underlay network layer, i.e. creating a network layer composed of multiple Underlay nodes at the bottom layer of IoT; these nodes have data storage and processing capabilities to support and manage the connection and data transmission of IoT devices;

[0168] 2. Device connection management mechanism, i.e. effectively allocating IoT devices to different Underlay nodes for connection and management, ensuring rational use of network resources;

[0169] 3. Data routing and forwarding method, i.e. efficient routing and forwarding mechanism between Underlay nodes, which is the key to ensuring data transmission efficiency. This process covers the preliminary processing of data, routing of target addresses, and forwarding of data between different nodes.

[0170] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application have the following advantages:

[0171] 1. Improved network availability: the network topology structure in the embodiments of the present application adopts Underlay network, focusing on network availability, and through reasonable architectural design, such as Spine-Leaf structure, it can ensure the stability and high availability of the network. This architecture makes the communication between any two IoT devices pass through at most a limited number of nodes (for example, at most 3 nodes in a 3-stage IP fabric), thereby reducing the failure points and potential network bottlenecks;

[0172] 2. Enhanced network performance: the network topology structure in the embodiments of the present application adopts Underlay network architecture design, taking into account the performance requirements of the network. By optimizing the forwarding path of data packets and reducing network latency, the response speed and data processing capacity of IoT devices can be improved, which is crucial for IoT applications that require real-time response;

[0173] 3. Improve network scalability: As the number of IoT devices continues to grow, network scalability becomes particularly important; traditional network architecture may be difficult to effectively manage and expand, while the network topology in the embodiment of the application adopts Underlay network architecture, supports horizontal expansion, and can increase the number of Spine and Leaf switches as needed to adapt to larger network deployment, this flexibility makes the network can easily cope with the growth of the number of IoT devices;

[0174] 4. Simplify network management: By adopting standardized network protocols and unified network management strategies, the network topology in the embodiment of the application adopts Underlay network architecture, which can simplify network management and maintenance work; for example, by using routing protocols such as Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), automatic routing and fault recovery of the network can be achieved, reducing the need for human intervention.

[0175] The above introduces the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the application, and the data transmission device provided by the embodiment of the application will be introduced below in combination with the drawings.

[0176] Referring to Figure 7 The embodiment of the application also provides a data transmission device, applied to a first bottom layer physical node, the first bottom layer physical node is located on a path between a first Internet of Things device and a core network; the device comprises:

[0177] A first receiving module 701 is configured to receive a data packet of a first Internet of Things device, wherein the data packet comprises address information of a second Internet of Things device, and the first Internet of Things device is in communication connection with the first bottom layer physical node;

[0178] A determining module 702 is configured to determine a second bottom layer physical node in communication connection with the second Internet of Things device according to the address information of the second Internet of Things device;

[0179] A first sending module 703 is configured to, in the case that the second bottom layer physical node is the same as the first bottom layer physical node, forward the data packet to the second Internet of Things device.

[0180] Optionally, the first sending module 703 is further configured to:

[0181] In the case that the second bottom layer physical node is different from the first bottom layer physical node, forward the data packet to the second bottom layer physical node, so that the second bottom layer physical node sends the data packet to the second Internet of Things device;

[0182] Wherein, the second bottom layer physical node is located on a path between the second Internet of Things device and the core network.

[0183] Optionally, the data packet further comprises the network access parameter of the first IoT device.

[0184] The first sending module 703 forwards the data packet to the second IoT device, comprising:

[0185] In a case where the network access parameter of the first IoT device is included in a target list stored by the first bottom-layer physical node, the data packet is forwarded to the second IoT device.

[0186] The target list comprises the network access parameter allowing the data packet to be forwarded through the bottom-layer physical node.

[0187] Optionally, the data packet further comprises the network access parameter of the first IoT device.

[0188] The first sending module 703 forwards the data packet to the second bottom-layer physical node, comprising:

[0189] In a case where the network access parameter of the first IoT device is included in a target list stored by the first bottom-layer physical node, the data packet is forwarded to the second bottom-layer physical node.

[0190] The target list comprises the network access parameter allowing the data packet to be forwarded through the bottom-layer physical node.

[0191] Optionally, the first receiving module 701 is further configured to:

[0192] receive registration information of the first IoT device;

[0193] The apparatus further comprises:

[0194] a registration module configured to register the first IoT device according to the registration information.

[0195] Optionally, the registration module is specifically configured to:

[0196] In a case where the type of the first IoT device belongs to a first predetermined type, or the network access parameter of the first IoT device is a first predetermined parameter, register the first IoT device according to the registration information.

[0197] One bottom-layer physical node corresponds to at least one type of IoT device, or one bottom-layer physical node corresponds to at least one network access parameter.

[0198] The first predetermined type is the type of the IoT device corresponding to the first bottom-layer physical node.

[0199] The first predetermined parameter is a network access parameter corresponding to the first bottom-layer physical node.

[0200] Optionally, the first sending module 703 is further configured to:

[0201] In a case where an upper hop node of at least one third bottom-layer physical node is the same as an upper hop node of the first bottom-layer physical node, sending first information to the third bottom-layer physical node, wherein the first information comprises registration information and a network access parameter of the first Internet of Things device.

[0202] Optionally, the first sending module 701 is further configured to:

[0203] In a case where the second bottom-layer physical node is different from the first bottom-layer physical node, sending address information of the first access network device to the second bottom-layer physical node, so that the second bottom-layer physical node determines a data transmission path between the second bottom-layer physical node and the first access network device according to the address information of the first access network device.

[0204] The first access network device is an access network device accessed by the first Internet of Things device.

[0205] Referring to Figure 8 The embodiments of the present application also provide a data transmission device applied to an upper hop node of a first bottom-layer physical node, wherein the first bottom-layer physical node is a node registered by a first Internet of Things device, an upper hop node of at least one third bottom-layer physical node is the same as an upper hop node of the first bottom-layer physical node, and the first bottom-layer physical node is located on a path between the first Internet of Things device and a core network; the device comprises:

[0206] A second receiving module 801 is configured to receive a data packet of the first Internet of Things device, wherein the data packet comprises address information of a second Internet of Things device.

[0207] A second sending module 802 is configured to, in a case where it is detected that the first bottom-layer physical node is faulty, send the data packet to one of the third bottom-layer physical nodes, so that the third bottom-layer physical node forwards the data packet to the second Internet of Things device according to the address information of the second Internet of Things device.

[0208] It should be noted that the division of the unit in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, another division manner can be used. In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can be physically present separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0209] When the integrated unit is realized in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a processor-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or the whole or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various program code storage media.

[0210] It should be noted that the above-described apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application can realize all method steps achieved by the above-described method embodiments, and can achieve the same technical effects. Therefore, the same parts and beneficial effects of the method embodiments will not be described in detail.

[0211] The embodiments of the present application also provide a communication device, as shown in the figure, the communication device includes a memory 920, a transceiver 910, a processor 900; Figure 9 The transceiver 910 is used for receiving and sending data under the control of the processor 900.

[0212] The memory 920 is used for storing a computer program.

[0213] The transceiver 910 is used for receiving and sending data under the control of the processor 900.

[0214] In the first aspect, when the communication device is used as the first bottom layer physical node, the processor 900 is configured to read the computer program in the memory 920 and execute the data transmission method in the first aspect.

[0215] In the second aspect, when the communication device is used as the upper hop node of the first bottom layer physical node, the processor 900 is configured to read the computer program in the memory 920 and execute the data transmission method in the second aspect.

[0216] wherein, in Figure 9 The bus architecture can include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically, various circuitry of the one or more processors represented by the processor 900 and the memory represented by the memory 920 linked together. The bus architecture can also link various other circuitry such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuitry, which are well known in the art, and thus, are not further described herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 910 can be a plurality of elements, i.e., including a transmitter and a receiver, providing a means for communicating with various other apparatuses over transmission media, including wireless channels, wired channels, optical cables, and the like. The processor 900 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 920 can store data used by the processor 900 in executing operations.

[0217] The processor 900 can be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), and the processor 900 can also adopt a multi-core architecture.

[0218] It should be noted that the above-described apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application can realize all the method steps achieved by the above-described method embodiments, and can achieve the same technical effects. Therefore, the same parts and beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application as the method embodiments are not described in detail herein.

[0219] The embodiments of the present application also provide a readable storage medium, on which a program or instructions are stored, and the program or instructions are executed by a processor to implement the data transmission method of the first aspect or the data transmission method of the second aspect.

[0220] The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium or data storage device that the processor can access, including but not limited to magnetic storage (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes, magneto-optical disks (MO), etc.), optical storage (e.g., compact disks (CDs), digital versatile discs (DVDs), Blu-ray discs (BDs), holographic versatile discs (HVDs), etc.), and semiconductor storage (e.g., read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), non-volatile memory (NAND FLASH), solid-state disks (SSDs), etc.).

[0221] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage and optical storage) containing computer-usable program code.

[0222] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-executable instructions. These computer-executable instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0223] These processor-executable instructions can also be stored in a processor-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the processor-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in a flowchart Figure 1 of flows or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 of blocks or multiple blocks.

[0224] These processor-executable instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the function specified in a flowchart Figure 1 of flows or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 of blocks or multiple blocks.

[0225] Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present application are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the application can be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, characterized by, The method applied to a first bottom-layer physical node comprises: receiving a data packet of a first Internet of Things (IoT) device, wherein the data packet comprises address information of a second IoT device, the first IoT device is in communication connection with the first bottom-layer physical node, and the first bottom-layer physical node is located on a path between the first IoT device and a core network; determining a second bottom-layer physical node in communication connection with the second IoT device according to the address information of the second IoT device; in a case where the second bottom-layer physical node is the same as the first bottom-layer physical node, forwarding the data packet to the second IoT device; before the receiving of the data packet of the first IoT device, the method further comprises: receiving registration information of the first IoT device; registering the first IoT device according to the registration information; the registering the first IoT device according to the registration information comprises: in a case where a type of the first IoT device belongs to a first predetermined type or a network access parameter of the first IoT device is a first predetermined parameter, registering the first IoT device according to the registration information; wherein one bottom-layer physical node corresponds to at least one type of IoT device, or one bottom-layer physical node corresponds to at least one network access parameter; the first predetermined type is a type of IoT device corresponding to the first bottom-layer physical node; the first predetermined parameter is a network access parameter corresponding to the first bottom-layer physical node.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: in a case where the second bottom-layer physical node is different from the first bottom-layer physical node, forwarding the data packet to the second bottom-layer physical node, so that the second bottom-layer physical node sends the data packet to the second IoT device; wherein the second bottom-layer physical node is located on a path between the second IoT device and the core network.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The data packet further comprises a network access parameter of the first IoT device; the forwarding the data packet to the second IoT device comprises: in a case where the network access parameter of the first IoT device is included in a target list stored by the first bottom-layer physical node, forwarding the data packet to the second IoT device; wherein the target list comprises network access parameters allowed to forward data packets through bottom-layer physical nodes.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein, The data packet further comprises a network access parameter of the first IoT device; the forwarding the data packet to the second bottom-layer physical node comprises: in a case where the network access parameter of the first IoT device is included in a target list stored by the first bottom-layer physical node, forwarding the data packet to the second bottom-layer physical node; wherein the target list comprises network access parameters allowed to forward data packets through bottom-layer physical nodes.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: If the previous hop node of at least one third-layer physical node is the same as the previous hop node of the first-layer physical node, the first information is sent to the third-layer physical node, wherein the first information includes the registration information and network access parameters of the first IoT device.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein, The method further includes: When the second underlying physical node is different from the first underlying physical node, the address information of the first access network device is sent to the second underlying physical node so that the second underlying physical node can determine the data transmission path between the second underlying physical node and the first access network device based on the address information of the first access network device. The first access network device is the access network device to which the first IoT device connects.

7. A data transmission method, characterized by, The method is applied to the previous-hop node of a first underlying physical node, wherein the first underlying physical node is a node registered by a first IoT device, at least one third underlying physical node has the same previous-hop node as the first underlying physical node, and the first underlying physical node is located on the path between the first IoT device and the core network; the method includes: Receive data packets from a first IoT device, wherein the data packets include address information of a second IoT device; In the event of a fault detected in the first underlying physical node, the data packet is sent to one of the third underlying physical nodes, so that the third underlying physical node forwards the data packet to the second IoT device based on the address information of the second IoT device; before receiving the data packet from the first IoT device, the method further includes: Receive the registration information of the first IoT device; The first IoT device is registered based on the registration information. The step of registering the first IoT device based on the registration information includes: If the first IoT device belongs to a first predetermined type, or if the network access parameters of the first IoT device are the first predetermined parameters, the first IoT device is registered according to the registration information. In this context, one underlying physical node corresponds to at least one type of IoT device, or one underlying physical node corresponds to at least one network access parameter. The first predetermined type is the type of IoT device corresponding to the first underlying physical node; The first predetermined parameter is the network access parameter corresponding to the first underlying physical node.

8. A data transmission apparatus, characterized by comprising: Applied to a first underlying physical node, located on the path between a first IoT device and the core network, the device includes: The first receiving module is used to receive data packets from the first IoT device, wherein the data packets include address information of the second IoT device, and the first IoT device is communicatively connected to the first underlying physical node. The determination module is used to determine the second underlying physical node that is communicatively connected to the second IoT device based on the address information of the second IoT device. The first sending module is configured to forward the data packet to the second IoT device in a case where the second bottom-layer physical node is the same as the first bottom-layer physical node. The first receiving module is further configured to: receive registration information of the first IoT device; The apparatus further includes: a registration module configured to register the first IoT device according to the registration information; The registration module is specifically configured to: register the first IoT device according to the registration information in a case where a type of the first IoT device belongs to a first predetermined type or a network access parameter of the first IoT device is a first predetermined parameter; one bottom-layer physical node corresponds to at least one type of IoT device, or one bottom-layer physical node corresponds to at least one network access parameter; the first predetermined type is a type of IoT device corresponding to the first bottom-layer physical node; the first predetermined parameter is a network access parameter corresponding to the first bottom-layer physical node.

9. A data transmission apparatus, characterized by comprising: The network topology structure includes a first IoT device, a first bottom-layer physical node, and a second IoT device, and the first bottom-layer physical node is located on a path between the first IoT device and a core network; The first IoT device is configured to send a data packet, and the data packet includes address information of a second IoT device. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 10. A network topology, characterized by ​ ​ The first bottom-layer physical node is configured to: receive the data packet, determine a second bottom-layer physical node connected to the second IoT device according to address information of the second IoT device, and send the data packet to the second IoT device when the second bottom-layer physical node is the same as the first bottom-layer physical node. The first bottom-layer physical node is configured to: receive registration information of the first IoT device; register the first IoT device according to the registration information; The first bottom-layer physical node is further configured to: register the first IoT device according to the registration information when the type of the first IoT device belongs to a first predetermined type or the network access parameter of the first IoT device is a first predetermined parameter; wherein one bottom-layer physical node corresponds to at least one type of IoT device, or one bottom-layer physical node corresponds to at least one network access parameter; The first predetermined type is the type of the IoT device corresponding to the first bottom-layer physical node; The first predetermined parameter is the network access parameter corresponding to the first bottom-layer physical node.

11. The network topology of claim 10, wherein, The first bottom-layer physical node is located between a core network access layer device and a core network convergence layer device accessed by the first IoT device.

12. A communication device, characterized by comprising a memory, a transceiver, and a processor: The memory is configured to store a computer program; The transceiver is configured to transceive data under the control of the processor; 13. A readable storage medium, characterized by, The processor is configured to read the computer program in the memory and execute the data transmission method of any one of claims 1 to 6, or execute the data transmission method of claim 7. The program or instruction stored on the readable storage medium is executed by the processor to implement the data transmission method of any one of claims 1 to 6, or implement the data transmission method of claim 7.

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