A selenium compound and its application

Abstract

The invention discloses a selenium compound and its application, belongs to the technical field of pesticide compounding, and solves the problem that the control method of rapeseed sclerotinia in the prior art is not environmentally friendly and safe. The active ingredients of the selenium compound are composed of sodium selenite and cuminic acid, and the mass ratio of sodium selenite to cuminic acid is 1:2-3. The compounding of sodium selenite and cuminic acid in the invention shows a synergistic effect, and has a good effect in the control of sclerotinia of rapeseed detached leaves and growing rapeseed plants, which effectively solves the problem of reduced efficacy of existing fungicides and damage to the ecological environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pesticide compounding, and more specifically to a selenium compounding agent and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rapeseed is the largest oil crop in my country, with the highest yield in the world. It is the oil crop with the largest sowing area and the widest distribution of planting areas. Rapeseed can provide about 5.2 million tons of high-quality edible oil each year, accounting for 50% of the oil production of domestic oil crops; in addition, the rapeseed industry produces about 8 million tons of high-protein rapeseed meal for feed each year, which is the second largest source of feed protein in my country (He Wei, Li Jun, Wang Xiaomei, et al. Current status of the global rapeseed industry and problems and countermeasures of my country's rapeseed industry [J]. China Oils and Fats, 2022, 47(02): 1-7.). Rapeseed sclerotinia caused by the pathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib) de Bary seriously damages the yield and quality of rapeseed, restricting the production of rapeseed worldwide. In my country, sclerotinia sclerotiorum can cause 10% to 20% yield loss of rapeseed every year, and in the Yangtze River Delta region where the disease is serious, the loss can be as high as 80% (Zuo Yexin, Qin Huqiang, Nie Fengjie, Huang Lili, Gao Xiaoning, Kang Zhensheng, Han Qingmei. Preliminary report on investigation of sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rapeseed in Shaanxi Province. Plant Protection, 2011, 37(2):116-119). Sclerotinia sclerotiorum infection not only causes yield loss, but also affects the quality of rapeseed and subsequent products, such as affecting the fatty acid profile of vegetable oils and fats, resulting in reduced oil yield and poor oil quality.

[0003] At present, rapeseed sclerotinia disease control measures include chemical control, disease-resistant variety breeding, agricultural control, biological control, etc. The main control method is chemical control, and commonly used chemical agents include carbendazim, sclerotinia net, and tebuconazole. However, long-term application of the same chemical pesticide easily induces pathogens to develop drug resistance, causing the control effect of pesticides to weaken, and the incidence of pathogens to increase. For example, due to the large-scale use of carbendazim to control rapeseed sclerotinia disease, the resistance of sclerotinia to carbendazim has been enhanced by 10 to 20 times (Wang Zhen, He Feiying, Zhu Fuxing. Indoor screening of chemical control agents for rapeseed sclerotinia disease [J]. Journal of Yangtze University (Natural Science Edition) Agronomy Volume, 2010, 7 (03): 1-2 + 109.). In order to achieve the desired control effect, only the dosage can be increased, which is trapped in a vicious circle and poses a great threat to environmental safety and agricultural product health. Therefore, the method for controlling rapeseed sclerotinia disease in the prior art is not environmentally friendly and safe enough. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a selenium compound and application thereof, which are used to solve the problem that the method for preventing and controlling rapeseed sclerotinia rot in the prior art is not environmentally friendly and safe enough.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a selenium compound, wherein the active ingredients of the selenium compound are composed of sodium selenite and cuminic acid, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium selenite to the cuminic acid is 1:2-3.

[0006] As a possible implementation manner, the mass ratio of the sodium selenite to the cuminic acid is 1:3.

[0007] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a composition, comprising the selenium compound described in the first aspect and an auxiliary agent, wherein the auxiliary agent is one or more of a solvent, an emulsifier, a dispersant, a wetting agent, an antifreeze agent, a thickener, a binder, a disintegrant, a defoaming agent, water and an inert filler.

[0008] In a third aspect, the present invention provides use of the selenium compound described in the first aspect or the composition described in the second aspect in inhibiting Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.

[0009] As a possible implementation method, the selenium compound or the composition is used to prevent and / or treat any one of Sclerotinia disease A1) to A2): A1) Sclerotinia disease on plant tissues in vitro; A2) Sclerotinia disease on growing plants.

[0010] As a possible implementation manner, the plant is a rapeseed plant.

[0011] As a possible implementation, based on the total mass of active ingredients of the selenium compound, the application dosage of the selenium compound or the composition is 300-800 mg / L.

[0012] As a possible implementation, the application dosage of the selenium compound or the composition is 800 mg / L, based on the total mass of the active ingredients of the selenium compound.

[0013] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides use of the selenium compound described in the first aspect or the composition described in the second aspect in increasing the selenium content in rapeseed.

[0014] The present invention compounds sodium selenite with a biological antibacterial agent cuminic acid (p-isopropylbenzoic acid) to provide a green and efficient selenium compound for preventing and treating sclerotinia of rape. Sodium selenite can regulate plant growth and has an inhibitory effect on a variety of plant pathogens; cuminic acid is a botanical fungicide that is environmentally friendly. In the present invention, sodium selenite and cuminic acid are compounded to show a synergistic effect, and are applied to the prevention and treatment of sclerotinia of rape detached leaves and potted plants, which has a good effect, and effectively solves the problem of reduced efficacy of existing fungicides and damage to the ecological environment.

[0015] In addition, rapeseed is a cruciferous plant and a selenium-accumulating plant. It can enrich inorganic selenium applied externally and convert it into biologically effective selenium, which is easily absorbed by the human body. Therefore, selenium-containing compound agents can not only prevent and control rapeseed sclerotinia, but also help to increase the selenium content in rapeseed. The increase in selenium content in rapeseed is of great significance for supplementing the selenium nutrition of people in selenium-deficient areas, preventing and treating selenium deficiency, and improving people's health level. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the preventive effect of the selenium compound provided in an embodiment of the present invention on sclerotinia sclerotinia of detached rape leaves, wherein A is a control group and B is a group treated with 800 mg / mL of the selenium compound.

[0018] Figure 2 The statistical results of bacterial plaque area of ​​the selenium compound provided in the embodiment of the present invention on the prevention of sclerotinia sclerotinia on detached rape leaves.

[0019] Figure 3 The statistical results of bacterial plaque area of ​​the selenium compound provided in the embodiment of the present invention on the sclerotinia disease of rapeseed detached leaves.

[0020] Figure 4 The statistical results of bacterial plaque area of ​​the selenium compound provided in the embodiment of the present invention on the prevention of sclerotinia disease on potted rape leaves.

[0021] Figure 5 The statistical results of bacterial plaque area of ​​the selenium compound provided in the embodiment of the present invention on the sclerotinia disease of potted rape leaves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In order to solve the problem that the methods for preventing and controlling rapeseed sclerotinia rot in the prior art are not environmentally friendly and safe enough, this embodiment provides a selenium compound for preventing and controlling rapeseed sclerotinia rot.

[0024] The selenium compound for preventing and treating sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rape provided in the embodiment of the present invention is used for inhibiting sclerotinia sclerotiorum.

[0025] The present invention compounds sodium selenite with a biological antibacterial agent cuminic acid to provide a green and efficient selenium-containing compound for preventing and treating rapeseed sclerotinia. Sodium selenite can regulate plant growth and has an inhibitory effect on a variety of plant pathogens. Cuminic acid is a botanical fungicide that is environmentally friendly. The compounding of sodium selenite and cuminic acid in the present invention shows a synergistic effect on the inhibition of sclerotinia.

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0027] The Sclerotinia sclerotiorum strain '1980' used in the present embodiment was provided by the Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and stored in a refrigerator at 4° C. on a PDA medium. The rapeseed variety 'Fengyou 737' used in the present embodiment was provided by the Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] This example provides an experiment on the inhibition of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by a selenium compound.

[0030] The growth rate method was used to determine the effect of sodium selenite on the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum hyphae. The PDA culture medium was sterilized under high pressure, and sodium selenite mother solution (concentration 100 mg / mL) was added when it was cooled to about 60°C, so that the final concentrations of sodium selenite in the PDA culture medium were 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mg / mL, respectively. A 5 mm block of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum hyphae was taken and inoculated with the hyphae facing down in the center of a PDA plate containing sodium selenite. The plate was placed in a 22°C incubator and cultured for 48 hours. The colony diameter was measured using the cross method, and the inhibition rate of different concentrations of sodium selenite on the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum hyphae was calculated according to the inhibition rate calculation formula. The logarithm of the concentration of the agent was used as the horizontal axis (x), and the probability value of the inhibition rate was used as the vertical axis (y) to calculate the toxicity regression equation, half-maximal effect concentration (EC 50 ), 90% effect concentration (EC 90 ) and correlation coefficient r. Three replicates were set for each concentration treatment, and the results were averaged. The calculation results are shown in Table 1.

[0031]

[0032] The growth rate method was used to determine the effect of cuminic acid on the growth of Sclerotinia mycelium. The cuminic acid concentrations were set to: 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.1 mg / mL, with a total of 9 concentration gradients. A 5 mm block of Sclerotinia mycelium was inoculated in the center of a PDA plate containing cuminic acid. The plate was incubated at 22°C for 48 hours and the colony diameter was measured using the cross method. The inhibition rate of different concentrations of cuminic acid on the growth of Sclerotinia mycelium was calculated (the calculation formula is the same as above), and the toxicity regression equation and EC were obtained. 50 ,EC 90 And the correlation coefficient r. Three replicates were set for each concentration treatment, and the results were averaged. The calculation results are shown in Table 1.

[0033] Sodium selenite and cuminic acid were prepared into 100 mg / mL mother liquors respectively, and cuminic acid was dissolved in methanol to make up the volume. 1 mL of sodium selenite mother liquor was added to 1 mL of cuminic acid mother liquor, and mixed to obtain a selenium compound mother liquor with a mass ratio of sodium selenite: cuminic acid = 1:1. Take 1 mL of sodium selenite mother liquor and add it to 2 mL, 3 mL, 6 mL and 10 mL of cuminic acid mother liquor respectively to prepare selenium compound mother liquors with a mass ratio of sodium selenite: cuminic acid of 1:2, 1:3, 1:6 and 1:10, respectively. The concentration of the selenium compound mother liquor was 100 mg / mL (the concentration of the selenium compound was expressed as "(sodium selenite solute mass + cuminic acid solute mass) / solvent volume"). The synergistic coefficient (SR) was used to evaluate the synergistic effect of sodium selenite and cuminic acid after compounding. The calculation method of SR is as follows:

[0034]

[0035] Where a is the content of original drug A in the formulation, b is the content of original drug B in the formulation, and A1 is the EC of original drug A. 50 , B1 is the EC of original drug B 50 In this example, the original drug A is sodium selenite, and the original drug B is cuminic acid. The judgment principle is: SR>1.5 is a synergistic effect; 0.5≤SR≤1.5 is an additive effect; SR<0.5 is an antagonistic effect.

[0036] The synergistic coefficient (SR) method was used to evaluate the synergistic effect of the combination of sodium selenite and cuminic acid, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.

[0037] Table 1 The results of the inhibition experiment of selenium compound on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

[0038]

[0039] As can be seen from Table 1, when the mass ratio of sodium selenite: cuminic acid is 1:1 and 1:3, the inhibition of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum has a synergistic effect, and the synergistic coefficients are 6.30 and 5.12 respectively; when the mass ratio of sodium selenite: cuminic acid is 1:6 and 1:10, the inhibition of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum shows an additive effect. When the mass ratio of sodium selenite: cuminic acid is 1:1 and 1:3, the synergistic coefficient SR of inhibition of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is not much different, which is 6.30 and 5.12 respectively, but when sodium selenite: cuminic acid = 1:1, its EC 50 and EC 90 The EC values ​​were 2.14 mg / L and 3.97 mg / L respectively, which were less than the EC value when sodium selenite: cuminic acid = 1:3. 50 (4.12mg / L) and EC 90 (7.90mg / L).

[0040] Example 2

[0041] This example provides an experiment to verify the control effect of a selenium compound on sclerotinia sclerotinia on detached rape leaves.

[0042] The sodium selenite mother liquor and cuminic acid mother liquor prepared in Example 1 were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:3 to prepare a selenium compound agent mother liquor with a concentration of 100 mg / mL and a mass ratio of sodium selenite to cuminic acid of 1:3. 200 mg / L sodium selenite solution, 600 mg / L cuminic acid solution, 300 mg / L, 500 mg / L, 800 mg / L, 1000 mg / L selenium compound agent, and 300 mg / L carbendazim solution were prepared respectively, and the above reagents were used as 7 treatment agents for rape detached leaves and potted rape sclerotinia prevention and treatment effect verification experiments.

[0043] Preventive effect experiment: Take 2-month-old fresh rapeseed leaves with the same growth status and size and randomly divide them into trays, which are divided into 7 treatment groups and 1 control group. Put 3 leaves in each tray. Cover the bottom of the tray with a double layer of wet gauze to keep it moist, and wrap the petiole of each leaf with wet cotton. Spray the 7 treatment agents prepared above onto the surface of rapeseed leaves of the 7 treatment groups (sodium selenite 200 mg / L, cuminic acid 600 mg / L group, selenium compound 300 mg / L group, selenium compound 500 mg / L group, selenium compound 800 mg / L group, selenium compound 1000 mg / L group, carbendazim 300 mg / L group) until runoff, and spray water onto the surface of rapeseed leaves of the control group until runoff; cover the tray with plastic wrap, move it into an incubator and culture it for 24 hours. Take a 5mm diameter mycelium block of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, inoculate it on the rapeseed leaves with the mycelium facing down, and continue to culture for 48 hours. Obtain the following Figure 1 The disease situation of the leaves shown in the figure; the diameter of the lesions on the leaves was measured by the cross method, and the lesion area was calculated. The relative efficacy was calculated according to the following formula:

[0044] Diseased area = lesion area - cake area

[0045]

[0046] Get as Figure 2 And the results are shown in Table 2.

[0047] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that the 800 mg / L selenium compound has a significantly better preventive effect on sclerotinia rot on detached rape leaves than the control group. Figure 2 As shown in Table 2, the preventive effect of 300 mg / L, 500 mg / L and 800 mg / L selenium compound on sclerotinia disease on detached rapeseed leaves was significantly better than that of the control group, and the effect of 800 mg / L selenium compound was the best.

[0048] Therapeutic effect experiment: Take fresh rapeseed leaves of 2 months old, with the same growth status and size, and randomly divide them into trays. Cover the bottom of the tray with double-layer wet gauze to keep moisture, and wrap the petiole with wet cotton. Inoculate the leaves with activated Sclerotinia sclerotiorum cakes (5mm diameter), avoid the main veins and inoculate 2 cakes on each leaf, seal them with plastic wrap and place them in a greenhouse (16h light, 8h dark, relative humidity ≥85%) for cultivation. After 24 hours, use a spray bottle to spray the seven treatment agents onto the surfaces of rapeseed leaves in the seven treatment groups (sodium selenite 200 mg / L, cuminic acid 600 mg / L, selenium compound 300 mg / L, selenium compound 500 mg / L, selenium compound 800 mg / L, selenium compound 1000 mg / L, carbendazim 300 mg / L) until runoff, and spray water onto the surface of rapeseed leaves in the control group until runoff; cover the tray with plastic wrap, continue to culture for 48 hours, measure the diameter of the lesions on the leaves with the cross method, and calculate the lesion area. Calculate the relative efficacy according to the above formula. Get Figure 3 And the results are shown in Table 2.

[0049] Table 2 Experimental results of the control effect of selenium compound on sclerotinia rot of rapeseed detached leaves

[0050]

[0051] Depend on Figure 3 As shown in Table 2, the therapeutic effects of 300 mg / L, 500 mg / L, 800 mg / L and 1000 mg / L selenium compound on sclerotinia disease on detached rapeseed leaves were significantly better than those of the control group, and the effect of 800 mg / L selenium compound was the best.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] This example provides an experiment to verify the therapeutic effect of a selenium compound on sclerotinia sclerotinia of rapeseed plants.

[0054] Preventive effect experiment: Rape plants were cultured in a greenhouse (lighting 16h, dark 8h, relative humidity ≥ 85%) to 2 months old, and rape plants with consistent growth were selected. The 7 treatment agents prepared in Example 2 were sprayed on the rape plant surfaces of 7 treatment groups (sodium selenite 200mg / L, cuminic acid 600mg / L group, selenium compound 300mg / L group, selenium compound 500mg / L group, selenium compound 800mg / L group, selenium compound 1000mg / L group, carbendazim 300mg / L group) using a spray pot until runoff, and water was sprayed on the surface of the control group rape plants until runoff. Three repetitions were set for each treatment. After 24h, activated sclerotinia cakes (diameter 5mm) were inoculated on the leaves, and 2 pieces were inoculated on each leaf avoiding the main veins. After continuing to culture for 48h, the diameter of the lesions on the leaves was measured by the cross method, and the lesion area was calculated. The relative efficacy was calculated according to the formula in Example 2. Figure 4 The results are shown in Table 3. Figure 4 As shown in Table 3, the 800 mg / L selenium compound has a better preventive effect on sclerotinia disease on rapeseed plants than the control group.

[0055] Therapeutic effect experiment: Rape plants were cultured in a greenhouse (16h of light, 8h of darkness, relative humidity ≥ 85%) to 2 months old, and rape plants with consistent growth were selected. Activated sclerotinia cakes (5mm in diameter) were inoculated on the leaves, and 2 pieces were inoculated on each leaf. After 24h, the 7 treatment agents prepared in Example 2 were sprayed on the rape plant surfaces of 7 treatment groups (sodium selenite 200mg / L, cuminic acid 600mg / L group, selenium compound 300mg / L group, selenium compound 500mg / L group, selenium compound 800mg / L group, selenium compound 1000mg / L group, carbendazim 300mg / L group) using a watering can until runoff, and water was sprayed on the rape plant surface of the control group until runoff. Three repetitions were set for each treatment. Cultivation was continued for 48h, and the diameter of the lesions on the leaves was measured by the cross method to calculate the lesion area. The relative efficacy was calculated according to the formula in Example 2. Figure 5 And the results are shown in Table 3.

[0056] Table 3 Results of the experimental treatment of potted rapeseed with selenium compound agents against sclerotinia rot

[0057]

[0058] Depend on Figure 5 As shown in Table 3, the therapeutic effects of 300 mg / L, 500 mg / L and 800 mg / L selenium compound on sclerotinia disease on rapeseed plants were significantly better than those of the control group, and the effect of 800 mg / L selenium compound was the best.

[0059] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0060] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A selenium compound, characterized in that: The active ingredients of the selenium compound are composed of sodium selenite and cuminic acid, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium selenite to the cuminic acid is 1:1 or 1:

3.

2. A composition, characterized in that The composition comprises the selenium compound according to claim 1 and an auxiliary agent, wherein the auxiliary agent is one or more of a solvent, an emulsifier, a dispersant, a wetting agent, an antifreeze agent, a thickener, a binder, a disintegrant, a defoaming agent and an inert filler.

3. Use of the selenium compound according to claim 1 or the composition according to claim 2 in inhibiting Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.

4. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that: The selenium compound or the composition is used for preventing and / or treating sclerotinia disease of any one of A1) to A2): A1) Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on plant tissues in vitro; A2) Sclerotinia rot on growing plants.

5. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plants are rapeseed plants.

6. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that: Based on the total mass of the active ingredients of the selenium compound, the application dosage of the selenium compound or the composition is 300-800 mg / L.

7. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that: Based on the total mass of active ingredients of the selenium compound, the application dosage of the selenium compound or the composition is 800 mg / L.

8. Use of the selenium compound according to claim 1 or the composition according to claim 2 in increasing the selenium content of rapeseed.

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