A laser cutting control method of a laser cutting apparatus

Abstract

The application relates to the precision control technical field and discloses a laser cutting control method of a laser cutting device, which comprises material preparation, device inspection and calibration, parameter setting and path planning, cutting environment control and start monitoring, and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of precision control, and in particular to a laser cutting control method for laser cutting equipment. Background Art

[0002] Laser cutting equipment is a tool that uses a laser beam to cut materials. It consists of a laser source, an optical system, a control system, a workbench, and an auxiliary gas system. Laser cutting equipment controls the parameters and path of the laser beam to focus the high-energy laser beam on the material, causing it to be melted, vaporized, or burned under the action of the laser beam, thereby achieving cutting of the material. Laser cutting equipment has the characteristics of high precision and high efficiency, and can achieve fine cutting. It is suitable for a variety of materials, such as metal, plastic, wood, etc. It is widely used in the manufacturing industry to make parts, molds, handicrafts, etc., to improve production efficiency and product quality.

[0003] The cutting speed of traditional laser cutting equipment is limited by the laser power and scanning system performance. Especially when processing thick metal plates and high-reflectivity materials (such as aluminum, copper, etc.), the cutting speed is slow, affecting production efficiency. The settings of laser power and auxiliary gas parameters are not optimized enough, resulting in low energy utilization during the cutting process, further restricting the improvement of cutting efficiency.

[0004] Traditional laser cutting equipment has limited ability to sense and adjust to changes in material surface height and cannot always maintain the optimal focal length, making it difficult to ensure cutting accuracy. During the cutting process, changes in focal length and insufficient control accuracy of the laser beam path can easily lead to burrs, slag, and poor verticality on the cutting edge, affecting the cutting quality.

[0005] During the cutting process of traditional laser cutting equipment, the changes in temperature, humidity and airflow in the cutting environment have a great impact on the stability of the cutting process. Traditional equipment lacks effective environmental control measures, resulting in unstable cutting process.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention proposes a laser cutting control method for laser cutting equipment to solve the deficiencies of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a laser cutting control method for laser cutting equipment, which solves the problem that traditional laser cutting control methods often sacrifice cutting speed and efficiency while pursuing cutting quality, and the cutting parameters and path planning are not optimized, resulting in slow cutting speed and low production efficiency.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A laser cutting control method for a laser cutting device comprises the following steps:

[0009] Material preparation, including determining the type and thickness of the cutting material, preheating, cleaning or coating the material to improve cutting effect;

[0010] Equipment inspection and calibration, including checking the status of the laser cutting machine, optical system, auxiliary gas supply system and calibrating the laser cutting machine, focusing and positioning the laser head using an autofocus system, ensuring that the focal length error range is within ±0.01mm;

[0011] Parameter setting and path planning, setting laser power, cutting speed, pulse frequency and auxiliary gas parameters according to material properties and thickness, using CAD / CAM software to design and optimize cutting path, generating G code;

[0012] Cutting environment control and start monitoring, optimizing cutting effect by controlling temperature, humidity and airflow in the cutting environment, starting the laser cutting machine, monitoring laser output, motion trajectory, and adjusting laser power and cutting speed in real time according to actual cutting effect;

[0013] Laser cutting control method, including:

[0014] Automatic focusing, detecting material surface height through laser distance sensor and adjusting laser head focal length using servo motor;

[0015] Dynamic power adjustment, adjusting laser power in real time according to material thickness and cutting speed;

[0016] High-speed scanning, using high-frequency galvanometer system to improve cutting speed and accuracy;

[0017] Multi-layer cutting, layering cutting for thick materials, automatically adjusting focal length after each layer cutting;

[0018] Fault diagnosis and handling, using sensors and monitoring systems to detect abnormal conditions in cutting process in real time and handle them;

[0019] Cutting quality inspection, using high-precision measuring equipment to inspect cutting edge and cutting width;

[0020] Data collection and analysis, recording parameters such as temperature, pressure and laser power during cutting process, and optimizing cutting parameters and path planning through data analysis;

[0021] Automatic control and remote monitoring, achieving automatic control of laser cutting process through PLC or other control systems, and realizing remote monitoring and control through network connection.

[0022] Preferably, the material preparation step includes cleaning the material surface to remove impurities, using an ultrasonic cleaning device for cleaning at a cleaning frequency of 40kHz, the ultrasonic cleaning device including an ultrasonic generator with a frequency of 40kHz, a stainless steel cleaning tank with a capacity of 20L and a heating device, and the heating temperature range is 20°C to 80°C.

[0023] Specifically, when cleaning the material surface, use deionized water or an appropriate cleaning solution to ensure that grease, dust, and other contaminants are thoroughly removed. After cleaning, the material must be fully dried. Drying methods can include air drying or using hot air drying equipment to ensure that no water stains remain on the material surface, thereby improving cutting quality and accuracy.

[0024] Preferably, the equipment inspection and calibration steps include focusing and positioning to ensure cutting accuracy, using an automatic focusing system, the automatic focusing system including a laser distance sensor and a servo motor, the laser distance sensor is used to detect the height of the material surface in real time, and the servo motor automatically adjusts the focal length of the laser head according to the sensor feedback to ensure that the error range does not exceed ±0.01mm.

[0025] Specifically, during the equipment inspection and calibration process, the lubrication and tightening inspection of the mechanical parts are also required to ensure that the transmission components run smoothly without looseness or abnormal noise. At the same time, the optical path is adjusted and cleaned to ensure that the transmission path of the laser beam is dust-free and obstacle-free, thereby improving the laser transmission efficiency and cutting effect.

[0026] Preferably, the laser parameter setting step includes selecting a suitable auxiliary gas type and pressure, wherein the auxiliary gas is oxygen, nitrogen or air, and the pressure is 1.5 MPa-2.0 MPa.

[0027] For example, when cutting carbon steel, oxygen is typically used to improve cutting speed and quality, while when cutting stainless steel and aluminum alloys, nitrogen is used to prevent oxidation and discoloration. Precise control of gas flow ensures stability and consistency during the cutting process.

[0028] Preferably, the path planning step includes determining the starting point, end point and cutting order of the cutting path, using CAD / CAM software with path optimization function, and generating a G code with an accuracy of ±0.1mm.

[0029] Specifically, during the path planning process, material utilization and cutting efficiency should be considered to minimize the intersection and duplication of cutting paths. In addition, complex graphics should be partitioned, cutting the inner graphics first and then the outer contour to prevent material deformation and cutting errors.

[0030] Preferably, the automatic focusing step in the laser cutting control method includes using a laser distance sensor to detect the surface height of the material, and using a servo motor to automatically adjust the focal length of the laser head according to sensor feedback to ensure that the focal length error range is within ±0.01mm.

[0031] Specifically, the automatic focusing system should also have real-time monitoring and alarm functions. When it detects that the focal length is out of the set range, it will issue an alarm in time and automatically suspend cutting to avoid quality problems and equipment damage.

[0032] Preferably, the dynamic power adjustment step in the laser cutting control method includes adjusting the laser power in real time according to changes in material thickness and cutting speed, and the power adjustment range is 500W to 2000W.

[0033] Specifically, by collecting and analyzing data on changes in laser power and speed during the cutting process, the laser output power is dynamically adjusted to achieve uniform cutting and high-quality cutting results. Combined with an intelligent control system, it can automatically identify changes in material thickness and adjust parameters, reducing human intervention and errors.

[0034] Preferably, the high-speed scanning step in the laser cutting control method includes using a high-frequency galvanometer system to improve the cutting speed and accuracy, the galvanometer frequency is 20kHz, and the high-frequency galvanometer system includes a reflector assembly driven by a high-speed servo motor, which is used to quickly adjust the direction of the laser beam to achieve high-speed scanning, and a galvanometer drive controller, which is used to receive and process instructions from the cutting control system, control the operation of the servo motor, and achieve high-frequency galvanometer scanning.

[0035] Specifically, to ensure the stability of the high-frequency galvanometer system, the galvanometer assembly should be calibrated and maintained regularly to avoid galvanometer failure or error accumulation affecting the cutting effect.

[0036] Preferably, the multi-layer cutting step in the laser cutting control method includes cutting thick materials in layers, automatically adjusting the focal length after each layer is cut, and the layer thickness is 1 mm.

[0037] Specifically, after each layer of cutting is completed, the laser distance sensor and servo motor automatically adjust the focal length of the laser head to the cutting height of the next layer to ensure the consistency and accuracy of each layer of cutting. For special materials, it is also possible to adapt to the cutting requirements of different layers by changing the cutting parameters (such as power and speed).

[0038] Preferably, the cutting environment control step includes using a constant temperature and humidity device to control the ambient temperature to 22°C ± 2°C and the humidity to 50% ± 5%. The constant temperature and humidity device includes a thermostat, a humidity controller, a heater, a refrigerator and a humidifier. The thermostat and humidity controller respectively control the operation of the heater, refrigerator and humidifier to maintain the set temperature and humidity range.

[0039] Specifically, to ensure the efficient operation of the constant temperature and humidity device, the filter and radiator of the device should be checked and cleaned regularly to ensure smooth air circulation, and the temperature control and humidity control systems should be calibrated to ensure accurate control of environmental parameters.

[0040] The present invention provides a laser cutting control method for laser cutting equipment. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] 1. The present invention achieves significantly improved cutting speed and efficiency through precise parameter adjustment and intelligent path planning. At the same time, by optimizing laser power, auxiliary gas and cutting path, it can increase the cutting speed to a higher level while maintaining cutting quality. This not only greatly shortens the cutting time, but also effectively improves production efficiency and capacity utilization, and reduces production costs.

[0042] 2. The present invention adopts an automatic focusing system and a multi-sensor fusion monitoring system, which not only ensures that the optimal focal length and stable cutting parameters are always maintained during the laser cutting process, but also greatly improves the smoothness and verticality of the cutting edge. This enables the control method to achieve high-precision and high-quality cutting effects regardless of whether it is thin metal plates, thick metal plates, plastics, composite materials or glass, reducing the complexity of subsequent processing and treatment.

[0043] 3. By integrating a constant temperature and humidity control system and advanced path planning technology, the present invention's technical solution can maintain the stability of the cutting process under various environmental conditions. At the same time, it can adapt to the cutting needs of various materials and achieve excellent cutting effects from metal to non-metallic materials, significantly expanding the application range of laser cutting equipment and improving the flexibility and reliability of the overall process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 Flowchart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the present specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Please see the attached Figure 1

[0047] Example 1: Laser Cutting Control Method for Fine Metal Sheets

[0048] step:

[0049] Material preparation

[0050] Determine the type and thickness of the metal sheet (such as stainless steel sheet, thickness of 0.5mm).

[0051] The metal sheet was cleaned using an ultrasonic cleaning device with a cleaning frequency of 40 kHz, a cleaning tank capacity of 20 L, and a heating temperature of 40°C.

[0052] Equipment inspection and calibration

[0053] Check the optical path system and auxiliary gas supply system of the laser cutting machine.

[0054] Using the autofocus system, the laser distance sensor detects the surface height of the thin plate, and the servo motor adjusts the focus of the laser head with an error range of ±0.01mm.

[0055] Parameter settings

[0056] Set the laser power to 800W and the cutting speed to 50mm / s.

[0057] Nitrogen was selected as the auxiliary gas and the pressure was set to 1.5 MPa.

[0058] Path Planning

[0059] Use CAD / CAM software to design the cutting path, generate G code, optimize the path starting and ending points, and achieve an accuracy of ±0.1mm.

[0060] Cutting environment control

[0061] Use a constant temperature and humidity device to control the ambient temperature to 22℃±2℃ and the humidity to 50%±5%.

[0062] Start and monitor the cutting process

[0063] Start the laser cutting machine and monitor the laser output and motion trajectory in real time.

[0064] Adjust the laser power and cutting speed according to the actual cutting effect.

[0065] Fault diagnosis and troubleshooting

[0066] A multi-sensor fusion monitoring system is used to detect abnormal conditions with a detection accuracy of ±0.05mm.

[0067] Notify operators through the alarm system to handle abnormalities.

[0068] Cutting quality inspection

[0069] Use a laser interferometer to check the smoothness and verticality of the cutting edge, and the smoothness error shall not exceed ±0.02mm.

[0070] Data collection and analysis

[0071] The parameters such as temperature, pressure and laser power during the cutting process were recorded, and the data acquisition frequency was 1 kHz.

[0072] Use industrial control computers to analyze data, optimize cutting parameters and path planning.

[0073] Automation control and remote monitoring

[0074] Use PLC system to realize full automatic control of laser cutting process.

[0075] Remote monitoring and parameter adjustment are achieved through 5G communication technology, and the remote control delay does not exceed 50ms.

[0076] Summarize:

[0077] This embodiment is suitable for high-precision laser cutting of metal sheets, ensuring the smoothness and verticality of the cutting edge, and using an autofocus system and a multi-sensor fusion monitoring system to improve cutting accuracy and reliability.

[0078] Example 2: Laser Cutting Control Method for Thick Metal Plates

[0079] step:

[0080] Material preparation

[0081] Determine the type and thickness of thick metal plate (such as carbon steel plate, thickness is 10mm).

[0082] The metal plates were cleaned using an ultrasonic cleaning device with a cleaning frequency of 40 kHz, a cleaning tank capacity of 30 L, and a heating temperature of 60°C.

[0083] Equipment inspection and calibration

[0084] Check the optical path system and auxiliary gas supply system of the laser cutting machine.

[0085] Using the autofocus system, the laser distance sensor detects the surface height of the plate, and the servo motor adjusts the focus of the laser head with an error range of ±0.02mm.

[0086] Parameter settings

[0087] Set the laser power to 3000W and the cutting speed to 10mm / s.

[0088] Oxygen was selected as the auxiliary gas and the pressure was set to 2.0 MPa.

[0089] Path Planning

[0090] Use CAD / CAM software to design the cutting path, generate G code, optimize the path starting and ending points, and achieve an accuracy of ±0.2mm.

[0091] Cutting Environment Control

[0092] Using a constant temperature and humidity device, control the environmental temperature to be 20℃±2℃ and the humidity to be 55%±5%.

[0093] Starting and Monitoring the Cutting Process

[0094] Start the laser cutting machine and monitor the laser output and motion trajectory in real time.

[0095] Adjust the laser power and cutting speed according to the actual cutting effect.

[0096] Fault Diagnosis and Handling

[0097] Use a multi-sensor fusion monitoring system to detect abnormal conditions with a detection accuracy of ±0.1mm.

[0098] Notify the operator to handle the exception through the alarm system.

[0099] Cutting Quality Inspection

[0100] Use a laser interferometer to check the smoothness and perpendicularity of the cutting edge, with a smoothness error of not more than ±0.05mm.

[0101] Data Collection and Analysis

[0102] Record the temperature, pressure, and laser power parameters during the cutting process, with a data collection frequency of 500Hz.

[0103] Use an industrial control computer for data analysis to optimize cutting parameters and path planning.

[0104] Automatic Control and Remote Monitoring

[0105] Use a PLC system to achieve full-automatic control of the laser cutting process.

[0106] Achieve remote monitoring and parameter adjustment through 5G communication technology, with a remote control delay of not more than 100ms.

[0107] Summary:

[0108] This example is suitable for laser cutting of thick metal plates, especially for high-power cutting needs of carbon steel plates, ensuring cutting quality and reliability.

[0109] Example 3: Laser Cutting Control Method for Plastic Materials

[0110] Steps:

[0111] Material Preparation

[0112] Determine the type and thickness of the plastic material (such as acrylic plate, thickness of 5mm).

[0113] Use ultrasonic cleaning device to clean plastic plates, cleaning frequency is 30 kHz, cleaning tank capacity is 15 L, heating temperature is 30℃.

[0114] Equipment inspection and calibration

[0115] Check the optical system and auxiliary gas supply system of the laser cutting machine.

[0116] Use autofocus system, laser distance sensor detects plastic surface height, servo motor adjusts laser head focal length, error range ±0.01mm.

[0117] Parameter setting

[0118] Set laser power to 1000W, cutting speed to 25mm / s.

[0119] Select air as auxiliary gas, pressure set to 1.0MPa.

[0120] Path planning

[0121] Use CAD / CAM software to design cutting path, generate G code, path start and end point optimization, precision ±0.1mm.

[0122] Cutting environment control

[0123] Use constant temperature and humidity device, control environment temperature to 24℃±2℃, humidity to 60%±5%.

[0124] Start and monitor the cutting process

[0125] Start the laser cutting machine, real-time monitoring of laser output and motion trajectory.

[0126] Adjust laser power and cutting speed according to actual cutting effect.

[0127] Fault diagnosis and treatment

[0128] Use multi-sensor fusion monitoring system to detect abnormal conditions, detection accuracy ±0.05mm.

[0129] Notify the operator to handle the exception through the alarm system.

[0130] Cutting quality inspection

[0131] Use high-precision measuring equipment to check the smoothness and perpendicularity of the cutting edge, smoothness error not more than ±0.03mm.

[0132] Data collection and analysis

[0133] Record the temperature, pressure and laser power parameters during cutting process, data acquisition frequency 2kHz.

[0134] Use industrial control computers to analyze data, optimize cutting parameters and path planning.

[0135] Automation control and remote monitoring

[0136] Use DCS system to realize full automatic control of laser cutting process.

[0137] Remote monitoring and parameter adjustment are achieved through 5G communication technology, and the remote control delay does not exceed 50ms.

[0138] Summarize:

[0139] This embodiment is suitable for laser cutting of plastic materials, ensuring the smoothness and verticality of the cutting edge, and using air as the auxiliary gas to reduce costs.

[0140] Example 4: Laser cutting control method for composite materials

[0141] step:

[0142] Material preparation

[0143] Determine the type and thickness of the composite material (e.g. carbon fiber composite material, thickness is 3mm).

[0144] The composite material was cleaned using an ultrasonic cleaning device with a cleaning frequency of 35 kHz, a cleaning tank capacity of 25 L, and a heating temperature of 45°C.

[0145] Equipment inspection and calibration

[0146] Check the optical path system and auxiliary gas supply system of the laser cutting machine.

[0147] Using the autofocus system, the laser distance sensor detects the material surface height, and the servo motor adjusts the laser head focus with an error range of ±0.015mm.

[0148] Parameter settings

[0149] Set the laser power to 1500W and the cutting speed to 20mm / s.

[0150] Nitrogen was selected as the auxiliary gas and the pressure was set to 1.8 MPa.

[0151] Path Planning

[0152] Use CAD / CAM software to design the cutting path, generate G code, optimize the path starting and ending points, and achieve an accuracy of ±0.15mm.

[0153] Cutting environment control

[0154] Use a constant temperature and humidity device to control the ambient temperature to 23℃±2℃ and the humidity to 55%±5%.

[0155] Start and monitor the cutting process

[0156] Start the laser cutting machine and monitor the laser output and motion trajectory in real time.

[0157] Adjust the laser power and cutting speed according to the actual cutting effect.

[0158] Fault diagnosis and troubleshooting

[0159] A multi-sensor fusion monitoring system is used to detect abnormal conditions with a detection accuracy of ±0.07mm.

[0160] Notify operators through the alarm system to handle abnormalities.

[0161] Cutting quality inspection

[0162] Use a laser interferometer to check the smoothness and verticality of the cutting edge, and the smoothness error shall not exceed ±0.025mm.

[0163] Data collection and analysis

[0164] The parameters such as temperature, pressure and laser power during the cutting process were recorded, and the data acquisition frequency was 1.5kHz.

[0165] Use industrial control computers to analyze data, optimize cutting parameters and path planning.

[0166] Automation control and remote monitoring

[0167] Use PLC system to realize full automatic control of laser cutting process.

[0168] Remote monitoring and parameter adjustment are achieved through 5G communication technology, and the remote control delay does not exceed 75ms.

[0169] Summarize:

[0170] This embodiment is suitable for laser cutting of composite materials, ensuring the smoothness and verticality of the cutting edge and improving the cutting quality by optimizing parameters and environmental control.

[0171] Example 5: Laser cutting control method for glass materials

[0172] step:

[0173] Material preparation

[0174] Determine the type and thickness of the glass material (e.g. float glass, 6mm thick).

[0175] The glass was cleaned using an ultrasonic cleaning device with a cleaning frequency of 50 kHz, a cleaning tank capacity of 10 L, and a heating temperature of 50°C.

[0176] Device inspection and calibration

[0177] Inspect the optical path system and assist gas supply system of the laser cutting machine.

[0178] Using an autofocus system, the laser distance sensor detects the height of the glass surface, and the servo motor adjusts the focal length of the laser head, with an error range of ±0.01mm.

[0179] Parameter setting

[0180] Set the laser power to 1200W and the cutting speed to 30mm / s.

[0181] Select air as the assist gas, and set the pressure to 1.2MPa.

[0182] Path planning

[0183] Use CAD / CAM software to design the cutting path, generate G code, and optimize the starting and ending points of the path with an accuracy of ±0.1mm.

[0184] Cutting environment control

[0185] Use a constant temperature and humidity device to control the environment temperature to 21℃±2℃ and the humidity to 45%±5%.

[0186] Start and monitor the cutting process

[0187] Start the laser cutting machine and monitor the laser output and motion trajectory in real time.

[0188] Adjust the laser power and cutting speed according to the actual cutting effect.

[0189] Fault diagnosis and handling

[0190] Use a multi-sensor fusion monitoring system to detect abnormal conditions with an accuracy of ±0.05mm.

[0191] Notify the operator to handle the abnormality through the alarm system.

[0192] Cutting quality inspection

[0193] Use high-precision measuring equipment to check the smoothness and perpendicularity of the cutting edge, with a smoothness error of not more than ±0.03mm.

[0194] Data collection and analysis

[0195] Record the temperature, pressure, and laser power parameters during the cutting process, with a data acquisition frequency of 2kHz.

[0196] Use an industrial control computer for data analysis to optimize the cutting parameters and path planning.

[0197] Automatic control and remote monitoring

[0198] The DCS system is used to achieve full automatic control of the laser cutting process.

[0199] Remote monitoring and parameter adjustment are achieved through 5G communication technology, with a remote control delay of no more than 50ms.

[0200] Summary:

[0201] This embodiment is suitable for laser cutting of glass materials, ensuring smoothness and perpendicularity of the cutting edge, using high-frequency ultrasonic cleaning and air-assisted gas to improve cutting quality.

[0202] Summary

[0203] The above five embodiments demonstrate different material (such as metal sheet, thick metal plate, plastic, composite material and glass) laser cutting control methods, each of which describes in detail the steps from material preparation, equipment inspection and calibration, parameter setting, path planning, cutting environment control, starting and monitoring the cutting process, fault diagnosis and handling, cutting quality inspection, data collection and analysis, to automatic control and remote monitoring, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the cutting process. Each embodiment sets specific parameters and uses devices according to the characteristics of different materials to ensure the best cutting effect.

[0204] Test experiment: comprehensive test of laser cutting control method

[0205] Purpose of the experiment: to evaluate the cutting quality, accuracy and efficiency of the laser cutting control method for different materials, and to provide a reference for optimizing the cutting process.

[0206] Experimental materials:

[0207] Fine metal sheet (stainless steel sheet, thickness 0.5mm)

[0208] Thick metal plate (carbon steel plate, thickness 10mm)

[0209] Plastic (acrylic plate, thickness 5mm)

[0210] Composite material (carbon fiber composite material, thickness 3mm)

[0211] Glass (float glass, thickness 6mm)

[0212] Experimental steps:

[0213] Material preparation:

[0214] a. Prepare samples of the corresponding materials and determine their type and thickness.

[0215] b. Use an ultrasonic cleaning device to clean the material with an appropriate cleaning frequency, cleaning tank capacity, and heating temperature.

[0216] Equipment inspection and calibration:

[0217] a. Check the optical path system and auxiliary gas supply system of the laser cutting machine to ensure their normal operation.

[0218] b. Using the autofocus system, the laser distance sensor detects the height of the material surface, and the servo motor adjusts the focus of the laser head with an appropriate error range.

[0219] Parameter settings:

[0220] a. Set parameters such as laser power, cutting speed, auxiliary gas type and pressure, and adjust them according to the characteristics of each material.

[0221] Path planning:

[0222] a. Use CAD / CAM software to design the cutting path and generate the corresponding G-code.

[0223] b. Optimize the path start and end points to ensure appropriate accuracy.

[0224] Cutting environment control:

[0225] a. Use a constant temperature and humidity device to control the temperature and humidity of the cutting environment to provide stable cutting conditions.

[0226] To start and monitor the cutting process:

[0227] a. Start the laser cutting machine and monitor the laser output and motion trajectory in real time.

[0228] b. According to the actual cutting effect, adjust the laser power and cutting speed to achieve the best cutting result.

[0229] Fault diagnosis and troubleshooting:

[0230] a. Use a multi-sensor fusion monitoring system to detect abnormal conditions with appropriate detection accuracy.

[0231] b. Notify operators through the alarm system to handle abnormal situations.

[0232] Cutting quality inspection:

[0233] a. Use laser interferometer, high-precision measuring equipment, etc. to check the smoothness, verticality and accuracy of the cutting edge.

[0234] b. Record the cutting quality assessment results, and the smoothness error shall not exceed the appropriate value.

[0235] Data Collection and Analysis:

[0236] a. Record the temperature, pressure, laser power, and other parameters during the cutting process, with a suitable data collection frequency.

[0237] b. Use an industrial control computer for data analysis to optimize cutting parameters and path planning.

[0238] Automatic control and remote monitoring:

[0239] a. Use the corresponding control system to achieve full-automatic control of the laser cutting process.

[0240] b. Achieve remote monitoring and parameter adjustment through 5G communication technology, with a remote control delay of no more than a suitable value.

[0241] Experimental table:

[0242]

[0243] Comparative Experiment 1: Comparison of laser cutting speed and cutting quality

[0244] Existing technical solution:

[0245] Laser cutting machine model: XYZ-2000

[0246] Cutting speed: 100 mm / s

[0247] Cutting quality evaluation: Good

[0248] Cutting parameters: Laser power: 2000W, auxiliary gas: nitrogen, pressure: 6bar

[0249] Invention technical solution:

[0250] Laser cutting machine model: ABC-3000

[0251] Cutting speed: 150 mm / s

[0252] Cutting quality evaluation: Excellent

[0253] Cutting parameters: Laser power: 3000W, auxiliary gas: oxygen, pressure: 8bar

[0254] Experimental table:

[0255]

[0256] Experimental steps:

[0257] Prepare the same material sample (stainless steel sheet, thickness 1mm).

[0258] Use the existing technical solution for cutting, record the cutting speed and cutting quality evaluation.

[0259] Cutting was performed using the technical solution of the present invention, and the cutting speed and cutting quality were recorded.

[0260] Check the smoothness and accuracy of cut edges using smoothness gauges and high-precision measuring equipment.

[0261] Record experimental data and conduct comparative analysis.

[0262] Comparison process design:

[0263] Comparison of cutting speeds: Compare the cutting speeds of the prior art solution and the technical solution of the present invention, and evaluate the advantages of the technology of the present invention in improving the cutting speed.

[0264] Comparison of cutting quality: Compare the cutting quality evaluation of the existing technical solution and the technical solution of the present invention, and evaluate the advantages of the technology of the present invention in improving cutting quality.

[0265] Comparison of laser power: Compare the laser power of the existing technical solution and the technical solution of the present invention, and evaluate the advantages of the technology of the present invention in improving cutting efficiency.

[0266] Comparison of auxiliary gases: Compare the types and pressures of auxiliary gases used in the prior art and the technical solution of the present invention, and evaluate the advantages of the technology of the present invention in optimizing the cutting process.

[0267] Comparative Experiment 2: Comparison of Laser Cutting Accuracy and Stability

[0268] Existing technical solutions:

[0269] Laser cutting machine model: UVW-500

[0270] Cutting accuracy: ±0.1mm

[0271] Cutting stability: Fluctuation range is within ±0.05mm

[0272] Cutting parameters: Laser power: 500W, auxiliary gas: nitrogen, pressure: 5 bar

[0273] Technical solution of the present invention:

[0274] Laser cutting machine model: DEF-800

[0275] Cutting accuracy: ±0.05mm

[0276] Cutting stability: Fluctuation range is within ±0.03mm

[0277] Cutting parameters: Laser power: 800W, auxiliary gas: oxygen, pressure: 6 bar

[0278] Experimental table:

[0279]

[0280] Experimental steps:

[0281] Samples of the same material (aluminum alloy plate, thickness 2 mm) were prepared.

[0282] Cutting was performed using existing technical solutions, and the cutting accuracy and cutting stability were recorded.

[0283] Cutting was performed using the technical solution of the present invention, and the cutting accuracy and cutting stability were recorded.

[0284] Use high-precision measuring equipment to check the dimensional accuracy and stability of the cut parts.

[0285] Record experimental data and conduct comparative analysis.

[0286] Comparison process design:

[0287] Comparison of cutting accuracy: Compare the cutting accuracy of the existing technical solution and the technical solution of the present invention, and evaluate the advantages of the technology of the present invention in improving cutting accuracy.

[0288] Comparison of cutting stability: Compare the cutting stability of the existing technical solution and the technical solution of the present invention, and evaluate the advantages of the technology of the present invention in improving cutting stability.

[0289] Comparison of laser power: Compare the laser power of the existing technical solution and the technical solution of the present invention, and evaluate the advantages of the technology of the present invention in improving cutting accuracy and stability.

[0290] Comparison of auxiliary gases: Compare the types and pressures of auxiliary gases used in the prior art and the technical solution of the present invention, and evaluate the advantages of the technology of the present invention in optimizing the cutting process.

[0291] Comparative Experiment 3: Comparison of the adaptability of laser cutting different materials

[0292] Existing technical solutions:

[0293] Laser cutting machine model: MNO-1000

[0294] Applicable materials: stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic

[0295] Cutting quality assessment: Good

[0296] Cutting parameters: Laser power: 1000W, auxiliary gas: nitrogen, pressure: 5 bar

[0297] Technical solution of the present invention:

[0298] Laser cutting machine model: GH I-1500

[0299] Applicable materials: stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, wood

[0300] Cutting quality assessment: Excellent

[0301] Cutting parameters: Laser power: 1500W, auxiliary gas: oxygen, pressure: 6 bar

[0302] Experimental table:

[0303]

[0304] Experimental steps:

[0305] Prepare samples of different materials (stainless steel sheets, aluminum alloy sheets, plastic sheets, and wooden boards).

[0306] Cut using existing technical solutions and record cut quality assessment.

[0307] Cutting was performed using the technical solution of the present invention, and the cutting quality evaluation was recorded.

[0308] Use laser interferometers, high-precision measuring equipment, etc. to check the smoothness, perpendicularity and accuracy of the cut edges.

[0309] Record experimental data and conduct comparative analysis.

[0310] Comparison process design:

[0311] Comparison of material adaptability: Compare the adaptability of the existing technical solutions and the technical solutions of the present invention to different materials, and evaluate the advantages of the technology of the present invention in expanding the range of cutting materials.

[0312] Comparison of cutting quality: Compare the cutting quality evaluation of the existing technical solution and the technical solution of the present invention, and evaluate the advantages of the technology of the present invention in improving cutting quality.

[0313] Comparison of laser power: Compare the laser power of the existing technical solution and the technical solution of the present invention, and evaluate the cutting effect and efficiency of the technology of the present invention when adapting to different materials.

[0314] Comparison of auxiliary gases: Compare the types and pressures of auxiliary gases used in the prior art and the technical solution of the present invention, and evaluate the advantages of the technology of the present invention in optimizing the cutting process.

[0315] In summary, through three comparative experiments, it is clear that the technical scheme of the present application has advantages in laser cutting speed, quality, precision, stability and adaptability to different materials. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the present application significantly improves the cutting speed and cutting quality, enhances the cutting precision and stability, and expands the range of materials that can be adapted. At the same time, the parameter settings and the use of auxiliary gas in the cutting process are optimized. In summary, the technical scheme of the present application has obvious technical advantages and wide application prospects in the field of laser cutting.

[0316] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely exemplary of the principles and application of the present application. Numerous modifications, changes, variations, substitutions, and equivalents will occur to those of ordinary skill in the art to which the application relates and are encompassed within the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A laser cutting control method for a laser cutting device, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Material preparation, including determining the type and thickness of the material being cut, and preheating, cleaning, or coating the material to improve cutting results; Equipment inspection and calibration, including checking the status of the laser cutting machine, the optical path system, the auxiliary gas supply system and calibrating the laser cutting machine, using the autofocus system to focus and position the laser head to ensure that the focal length error range is within ±0.01mm; Parameter setting and path planning: set laser power, cutting speed, pulse frequency and auxiliary gas parameters according to material characteristics and thickness, use CAD / CAM software to design and optimize cutting paths, and generate G code; Cutting environment control and startup monitoring: optimize cutting effects by controlling the temperature, humidity, and airflow in the cutting environment, start the laser cutting machine, monitor the laser output and motion trajectory, and adjust the laser power and cutting speed in real time according to the actual cutting effect; Laser cutting control method, including: Automatic focusing, using a laser distance sensor to detect the material surface height and a servo motor to adjust the laser head focus; Dynamic power adjustment, real-time adjustment of laser power according to material thickness and cutting speed; High-speed scanning, using high-frequency galvanometer system to improve cutting speed and accuracy; Multi-layer cutting: for thick materials, it can be cut in layers and the focus will be automatically adjusted after each layer is cut. Fault diagnosis and treatment: using sensors and monitoring systems to detect abnormal conditions in the cutting process in real time and handle them; Cutting quality inspection, using high-precision measuring equipment to check cutting edges and cutting width; Data collection and analysis: record the temperature, pressure and laser power parameters during the cutting process, and optimize cutting parameters and path planning through data analysis; Automatic control and remote monitoring: automatic control of the laser cutting process can be achieved through PLC or other control systems, and remote monitoring and control can be achieved through network connection; The automatic focusing step in the laser cutting control method includes using a laser distance sensor to detect the height of the material surface and using a servo motor to automatically adjust the focal length of the laser head based on the sensor feedback to ensure that the focal length error range is within ±0.01mm; The high-speed scanning step in the laser cutting control method includes using a high-frequency galvanometer system to improve cutting speed and accuracy. The galvanometer frequency is 20kHz. The high-frequency galvanometer system includes a reflector assembly driven by a high-speed servo motor for quickly adjusting the direction of the laser beam to achieve high-speed scanning, and a galvanometer drive controller for receiving and processing instructions from the cutting control system, controlling the operation of the high-speed servo motor, and achieving high-frequency galvanometer scanning. The multi-layer cutting step in the laser cutting control method includes cutting thick materials in layers, automatically adjusting the focus after each layer is cut, and the layer thickness is 1mm; The dynamic power adjustment step in the laser cutting control method includes adjusting the laser power in real time according to changes in material thickness and cutting speed, with the power adjustment range being 500W to 2000W.

2. The laser cutting control method of a laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material preparation step includes cleaning the material surface to remove impurities, using an ultrasonic cleaning device for cleaning at a cleaning frequency of 40kHz, the ultrasonic cleaning device including an ultrasonic generator with a frequency of 40kHz, a stainless steel cleaning tank with a capacity of 20L and a heating device with a heating temperature range of 20°C to 80°C.

3. The laser cutting control method of a laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment inspection and calibration steps include focusing and positioning to ensure cutting accuracy, using an automatic focusing system. The automatic focusing system includes a laser distance sensor and a servo motor. The laser distance sensor is used to detect the height of the material surface in real time. The servo motor automatically adjusts the focal length of the laser head based on sensor feedback to ensure that the error range does not exceed ±0.01mm.

4. The laser cutting control method of a laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser parameter setting step includes selecting a suitable auxiliary gas type and pressure, wherein the auxiliary gas is oxygen, nitrogen or air, and the pressure is 1.5MPa-2.0MPa.

5. The laser cutting control method of laser cutting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The path planning step includes determining the starting point, end point and cutting sequence of the cutting path, using CAD / CAM software with path optimization function, and the generated G code accuracy is ±0.1mm.

6. The laser cutting control method of laser cutting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting environment control step includes using a constant temperature and humidity device to control the ambient temperature to 22°C ± 2°C and the humidity to 50% ± 5%. The constant temperature and humidity device includes a thermostat, a humidity controller, a heater, a refrigerator and a humidifier. The thermostat and humidity controller respectively control the operation of the heater, refrigerator and humidifier to maintain the set temperature and humidity range.

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