A control system for a movable heat exchanger of an enclosure structure

Abstract

The present invention provides a control system for a movable heat exchanger of an enclosure structure, which comprises: a slide rail, which is arranged around the periphery of the enclosure structure and supports or suspends the heat exchanger; the heat exchanger comprises: a heat exchanger body; a wheeled sliding fixture, which movably supports or suspends the heat exchanger body on the slide rail; a driving device, which comprises: a first driving motor, which is used to drive the wheeled sliding fixture to move along the slide rail; a first sensor, which measures the position information of the heat exchanger on the slide rail outside the enclosure structure; a second sensor, which measures the ambient temperature around the outside of the enclosure structure; a third sensor, which measures the wind speed and direction of the upwind air flow; a first controller, which sends a control signal to the driving device to control the driving device to move the heat exchanger to a target position on the slide rail, wherein the heat exchange coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the target position is higher than the heat exchange coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the position before the movement. It can maximize the function of the heat exchanger.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a heat exchanger in the field of wind power generation, in which electrical equipment generates heat and its cooling system works in a natural environment and is exposed, and a control system of a movable heat exchanger of an enclosure structure that maximizes the function of the heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] The main reason for the overheating of the tower in summer is the influence of climate factors outside the tower. The main sources are: the heat transmitted by heat conduction, which is converted into radiation energy by solar radiation input to the surface of the tower enclosure structure, and also includes the heat transmitted by the surface of the cabin enclosure structure and the outer surface of the generator. The reflected radiation and long-wave radiation of the room enclosure structure from the ground and the road. The heat generated by the operation of the electrical equipment in the tower.

[0003] Inventor Ma Shengjun was the first to cite the professional term "envelop enclosure" in the "Code for Calculation of Building Area of ​​Construction Engineering" GB / T50353-2005 in wind power generation equipment, and regarded the tower as part of the enclosure structure of wind power generation equipment. In the "Code for Calculation of Building Area of ​​Construction Engineering" GB / T 50353-2005, it is stipulated that the enclosure structure (envelop enclosure) refers to the walls, doors, windows, etc. that surround the building space. It is a component (also including some accessories) that constitutes the building space to resist the adverse effects of the environment. The enclosure structure is divided into transparent and opaque parts: opaque enclosure structures include walls, roofs and floor slabs; transparent enclosure structures include windows, skylights and balcony doors. According to the position in the building, the enclosure structure is divided into external enclosure structure and internal enclosure structure. Internal enclosure structures such as partition walls, floor slabs and internal doors and windows play the role of separating indoor spaces and should have the performance of sound insulation, line of sight isolation and certain special requirements.

[0004] The enclosure structure usually refers to the external enclosure structure such as the exterior wall and the roof. The external enclosure structure includes the exterior wall, roof, side windows, exterior doors, etc., which are used to resist wind and rain, temperature changes, solar radiation, etc., and should have the properties of heat preservation, heat insulation, sound insulation, waterproof, moisture-proof, fire resistance, and durability. The materials of the external enclosure structure include brick, stone, soil, concrete, fiber cement board, steel plate, aluminum alloy plate, glass, fiberglass and plastic, etc. The external enclosure structure can be divided into two categories according to the structure: single-layer and multi-layer composite. Single-layer structures include brick walls, concrete walls, metal corrugated board walls, asbestos cement board walls and glass board walls of various thicknesses. Multi-layer composite enclosure structures can be layered according to different requirements and combined with material properties. Usually the outer layer is a protective layer, the middle is a thermal insulation or heat insulation layer (a steam barrier layer can also be set if necessary), and the inner layer is an inner surface layer. Each layer is either supported by a skeleton or by an enhanced inner protective layer.

[0005] The use of the professional term "envelop enclosure" in the exploration of energy-saving and consumption-reducing technologies for wind power generation equipment is pioneered. The test chart of daily radiation of solar radiation in various directions of the tower enclosure is first used to determine the "directional orientation" of the main power cable in the tower, which is laid downward in the tower wall, as the main physical basis for determining the "directional orientation" layout. The area for laying power cables is defined as an area due north and east of the circumferential arc of the vertical tower. This area refers to the "shady side" in the terminology of the construction industry. The "sunny side" of the building mainly refers to the sunny south side (northern hemisphere), followed by the east and west sides with sunshine conditions, and the "shady side" mainly refers to the north side without sunshine conditions (northern hemisphere).

[0006] In the process of realizing the present invention, the inventors found that the heat exchangers in the prior art for generating heat for electrical equipment in wind power generation equipment and for cooling systems thereof exposed to the natural environment could not maximize the functions of the heat exchangers. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, an object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a control system for a movable heat exchanger of an enclosure structure to solve the above technical problems.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a control system for a movable heat exchanger of an enclosure structure, wherein the heat exchanger is arranged around the outside of the enclosure structure, and comprises:

[0009] A slide rail is arranged around the periphery of the enclosure structure, and is used to support or suspend the heat exchanger and limit the movement trajectory of the heat exchanger;

[0010] The heat exchanger comprises: a movable heat exchanger body; and a wheeled sliding fixing device for movably supporting or suspending the heat exchanger body on the slide rail;

[0011] The driving device comprises: a first driving motor, used to drive the wheeled sliding fixing device to move along the slide rail;

[0012] A first sensor is used to measure the position information of the heat exchanger on the slide rail outside the enclosure structure;

[0013] A second sensor for measuring the ambient temperature around the exterior of the enclosure;

[0014] A third sensor is used to measure the wind speed and direction of the upwind air flow;

[0015] The first controller is used to receive measurement signals from each sensor and send a control signal to the driving device to control the driving device to move the heat exchanger to a target position on the slide rail, wherein the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the target position is higher than the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the position before the movement.

[0016] In some possible implementations, the drive device is a servo drive device.

[0017] In some possible implementations, the enclosure structure is a tower of a wind power generation device, and the electrical equipment in the enclosure structure is a heat-generating device including a converter, a transformer, a reactor, a motor, or a bearing;

[0018] The first sensor is a position sensor, the second sensor is a temperature sensor, and the third sensor is a wind vane anemometer;

[0019] The shape of the slide rail includes: circular, elliptical or polygonal;

[0020] The material of the slide rail includes: metal material, a mixed material consisting of non-metal and metal, concrete material, or non-metal material.

[0021] In some possible implementations, the wheeled sliding fixture includes:

[0022] A four-wheel support device, the four-wheel support device comprising: a support platform frame, two wheels connected by a first wheel axle, two wheels connected by a second wheel axle, and a rotating shaft for supporting the heat exchanger body to rotate within a range of 360 degrees; one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected or rigidly connected to the heat exchanger body, and the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support platform frame of the four-wheel support device; the first wheel axle and the second wheel axle are installed on the support platform frame;

[0023] The first driving motor is used to drive the first wheel axle and the second wheel axle of the four-wheel supporting device to rotate, thereby driving the four wheels of the four-wheel supporting device to roll on the slide rail.

[0024] The first drive motor may be disposed inside the four-wheel support device and be drivingly connected to the first wheel axle and the second wheel axle.

[0025] In some possible implementations, the driving device further includes:

[0026] A second driving motor is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate within a range of 360 degrees;

[0027] The second controller is used to receive the wind direction and speed signal transmitted by the wind vane anemometer set on the top of the nacelle of the wind turbine, and control the second drive motor to drive the rotating shaft to rotate according to the wind direction and speed signal, so that the windward surface of the heat exchanger actively faces the wind.

[0028] In some possible implementations, the temperature sensor is used to obtain the ambient temperature outside the tower; the slide rail is arranged on the outer surface of the foundation around the tower, or is arranged above the height of the tower door, or is arranged on the outer periphery of the tower below the nacelle;

[0029] The first controller includes a first control module, which is specifically used to:

[0030] When the ambient temperature outside the tower is lower than a first threshold below zero, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger along the slide rail to the leeward side of the tower and brake the heat exchanger;

[0031] When the ambient temperature outside the tower is lower than a second subzero threshold, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger along the slide rail to the leeward side of the tower, and the heat exchanger is controlled to stop working, and the heat exchanger is braked; the second subzero threshold is smaller than the first subzero threshold;

[0032] When the ambient temperature outside the tower is higher than a third threshold above zero, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger along the slide rail to the shady side of the tower, the heat exchanger is controlled to stop working and the heat exchanger is braked; the third threshold above zero is greater than the absolute value of the second threshold below zero.

[0033] In some possible implementations, the heat exchanger body is provided with a fan for forcing the external air flow of the heat exchanger to pass over the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger, and the shaft of the fan is driven by a third drive motor;

[0034] The first controller includes a second control module, which is specifically used for:

[0035] In winter, when the ambient temperature outside the tower is higher than the first threshold below zero and lower than 0 degrees, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger along the slide rail to face the upwind air flow, the heat exchange fins of the heat exchanger directly face the upwind air flow, the fan in the heat exchanger body is in the direction of the wind and accelerates the upwind air flow to be introduced into the heat exchanger, so that the drainage direction of the fan is consistent with the flow field of the upwind air flow;

[0036] Furthermore, the heat exchanger is controlled to move to one of two target positions, the two target positions including: a projection position on the slide rail at a position 90 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise along the circumference of the tower wall starting from a stationary point where the upwind air flow hits the tower wall, and the two target positions are 180 degrees symmetrical with the central axis of the slide rail or the tower.

[0037] In some possible implementations, the first controller includes a third control module, specifically configured to:

[0038] Between 10:00 and 18:00 in summer, controlling the first driving motor to move the heat exchanger to the shady side of the tower;

[0039] During the rainy period in summer, controlling the first driving motor to move the heat exchanger to the leeward side of the tower;

[0040] After 18:00 on the same day in summer and until 10:00 the next day, the heat exchanger is controlled to move to one of two target positions, the two target positions including: a projection position on the slide rail at a position 90 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise along the circumference of the tower wall starting from the stationary point where the upwind flow hits the tower wall, the two target positions are 180 degrees symmetrical with respect to the central axis of the slide rail or the tower.

[0041] In some possible implementations, the first controller includes a fourth control module, specifically configured to:

[0042] When an induced draft heat exchanger is used, the second drive motor is controlled according to the wind direction and speed data of the wind vane anemometer so that the air inlet gap of the heat exchange core of the heat exchanger body is directed toward the upwind direction of the tower;

[0043] When an exhaust structure heat exchanger is used, the exposed surface of the heat exchange core of the heat exchanger body is controlled to face downwind, and the third drive motor driving the fan and the back of the fan are directed to the upwind air flow;

[0044] The induced draft heat exchanger means that the heat exchanger core faces the upwind air flow, and the fan acting as an induced draft is located downstream of the heat exchanger;

[0045] Among them, the exhaust structure heat exchanger means that the fan serving as the exhaust is located upstream of the heat exchanger core, and the upwind air flow first passes through the fan serving as the exhaust to accelerate the heat exchanger core, and then enters the windward surface gap of the heat exchanger core of the heat exchanger body.

[0046] In some possible implementations, the first controller includes a fifth control module, specifically configured to:

[0047] When the heat exchanger is in hot standby mode, controlling the first drive motor to drive the heat exchanger to stay on the leeward side and perform braking;

[0048] Alternatively, when the heat exchanger is in hot standby mode, the first drive motor is controlled to stop the heat exchanger on the shady side of the tower under sunlight, and brake the heat exchanger;

[0049] Alternatively, when the heat exchanger is in hot standby mode, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger to the leeward side of the tower according to the main wind direction of the wind farm, and brake the heat exchanger.

[0050] In some possible implementations, the control system of the movable heat exchanger of the enclosure structure further includes:

[0051] an image sensor, used for monitoring whether there is an obstacle covering the slide rail that hinders the movement of the heat exchanger, obtaining image information of the obstacle above the slide rail, and transmitting the image information of the obstacle to a third controller;

[0052] A third controller, configured to generate an obstacle clearing instruction according to the obstacle image information;

[0053] The removing device is arranged above the slide rail and is used for removing obstacles on the slide rail according to the instruction of clearing obstacles.

[0054] On the other hand, a control system for a movable heat exchanger of an enclosure structure is also provided, the control system comprising:

[0055] A first sensor is used to detect the position information of the heat exchanger on the slide rail outside the enclosure structure;

[0056] A second sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature around the exterior of the enclosure structure;

[0057] A third sensor is used to detect the wind speed and direction of the upwind air flow;

[0058] An air cushion slide system is used to movably arrange the heat exchanger on the periphery of the enclosure structure; the air cushion slide system includes: a slide rail arranged around the periphery of the enclosure structure and an air cushion slide controller; the air cushion slide controller is used to determine the target position on the slide rail to which the heat exchanger should be moved based on the position information of the heat exchanger on the slide rail, the ambient temperature and at least one of the wind speed and direction of the upwind air flow, the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the target position is higher than the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the position before the movement.

[0059] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0060] The present invention relates to a heat exchanger (radiator) arranged on the periphery of a tower of a high-power electrical equipment wind power converter and transformer arranged in a traditional tower (or tower frame) and a cooling system supporting the heat transfer after the heat is generated. In order to give full play to the function of the radiator in the cooling system, a sliding track is arranged on the periphery of the tower, and the current slide track position of the heat exchanger is determined according to the air temperature of the 360-degree space around the tower and the solar radiation equivalent temperature. The heat exchanger driving device is used to adjust the position, so as to maximize the function of the heat exchanger, suppress the internal heat generation and temperature rise when the electrical equipment is working, and ensure the normal operation of the electrical equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0062] Figure 1 This is a typical layout diagram of traditional wind power generation electrical equipment (converter) and its heat exchanger device inside and outside the tower;

[0063] Figure 2 is a comprehensive temperature diagram of the external environment where the wind turbine tower is located in summer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 3 is a comprehensive temperature diagram of a wind turbine tower enclosure structure in different directions in summer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 4 It is an azimuth diagram (top view of the tower) of the wind turbine location in the embodiment of the present invention in which the tower faces the sun for radiation and high temperature in summer;

[0066] Figure 5 It is the traditional arrangement of the heat exchanger outside the tower;

[0067] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a method for controlling the movement of a heat sink device with a slide rail and a field coordinated movement of the heat sink device with solar radiation and upwind air flow to enhance heat dissipation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a method for controlling the movement of a heat sink device with a slide rail and a field coordinated movement of the heat sink device with solar radiation and upwind air flow to enhance heat dissipation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a method for controlling the movement of a heat sink device with a suspension rail and a field coordinated movement of the heat sink device with solar radiation and upwind air flow to enhance heat dissipation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the sensor, the first controller and the driving device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0072] 10. Slide rail; 20. Heat exchanger; 30. Driving device; 40. First controller; 50. Tower; 70. Wind vane anemometer; 80. Nacelle; 90. Windward side stationary point;

[0073] 12. Slide rail bracket; 220. Four-wheel support device;

[0074] 21. Heat exchanger body; 22. Wheeled sliding fixing device; 23. Fan;

[0075] 51. Tower wall; 52. Tower door; 53. Equipment platform inside the tower;

[0076] 61. Electrical equipment; 62. Power transmission cables; 63. Coolant pipelines. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0078] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to multiple technical fields, including the field of wind power generation, the field of movable power stations, the field of large-scale transport equipment and the field of building envelope structures.

[0079] The movable power station and its engine are arranged in an environment with an enclosure structure, such as a desert power station, and a movable heat exchanger device is arranged outside the enclosure structure.

[0080] Large transport equipment, such as ship systems, have large heat-generating equipment that requires a movable heat exchanger to be installed on the windward side of the enclosure structure.

[0081] Building envelope structures, such as large experimental equipment bases, have large heat-generating equipment inside. Movable cooling equipment is set on the periphery of the building envelope structure through slide rails to achieve the effect of avoiding the sun or the wind when shut down.

[0082] Figure 1 FIG. 2 is a typical arrangement diagram of a conventional wind power generation electrical equipment (converter) and its heat exchanger 20 installed inside and outside the tower 50. Figure 1As shown, it shows the basic composition of onshore wind power generation equipment. The wind turbine transmits rotational mechanical energy to the generator through the shaft system. The nacelle 80 serves as the enclosure structure of the wind turbine generator set work site, providing a safe enclosure space for the auxiliary equipment monitoring and control equipment and operation and maintenance personnel. A wind vane anemometer 70 is set at the top of the nacelle 80 near the rear, so that the nose of the nacelle 80 faces the upwind air flow, which is conducive to the wind turbine absorbing wind energy to the maximum extent when the air flow passes by. The output electric energy of the generator is first transmitted to the bottom of the tower through the power transmission cable 62 in the tower 50. There is continuous heat loss during the transmission process, which is distributed in the space inside the tower 50 and absorbed by the space of the tower 50 supporting the enclosure structure. The heat capacity of the limited space in the tower 50 is limited. At the same time, the electrical equipment 61 arranged at the bottom of the tower 50, such as converters and transformers, these high-power power conversion and power transmission equipment have very large working losses, even if they are kilowatts or even hundreds of kilowatts. If timely measures are not taken for the heat energy generated when they are working, the temperature rise of the tower 50 enclosure structure space will continue to rise to a temperature rise height that the electrical equipment 61 and power transmission equipment inside the tower 50 cannot withstand, and cannot meet the basic requirements for the operation of the equipment inside the tower 50. At this time, it is necessary to configure a cooling system for the high-power electrical equipment 61, which first absorbs heat energy and then transfers it to the outside of the tower 50. The cooling system has a radiator, that is, a heat exchanger 20, which is a part of the cooling system for cooling the heat source (electrical equipment 61) in the tower 50. The power source of the cooling system in the tower 50 that conveys the flow of the fluid medium (for example, a pump, exhaust fan, induced draft fan, blower, fan 23) promotes the flow of the fluid medium. When passing through the heat source head inside the electrical equipment 61 (converter, transformer), the heat generated by the heat source is transferred to the flowing cooling medium by means of convection heat transfer and heat conduction in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics. The cooling medium carries the absorbed heat energy and flows through the transmission pipeline to the heat exchanger 20 outside the tower 50, using the air flow in the natural environment and the earth and even the sky as a cold source for releasing heat energy. Of course, there is also an objective periodic heat source, that is, solar radiation, which exists from morning to sunset on the tower 50 enclosure structure and the radiator. This is one of the most unfavorable factors or difficult problems for radiator heat dissipation (to be discussed in Figure 2 Then analyze it). Figure 1 In the tower, the equipment platform 53 is used to support the electrical equipment 61. The wind vane anemometer 70 can be replaced by a multifunctional weather station, a mobile weather station, an anemometer, a wind speed and direction sensor, or other wind direction and speed monitoring instruments.

[0083] Therefore, how to make full use of the upwind air flow around the outside of the tower 50, how to coordinate with the flow field of the natural environment air flow when conveying fluid with the help of the fluid transmission power source (for example, fan 23, ventilator, induced draft fan) configured on the radiator, so as to enhance the convective heat transfer rate outside the radiator, and at the same time reduce the power consumption of the power transmission equipment for the purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction. From the perspective of time and space sequence, the radiator position achieves field synergy weakening transmission with the help of the tower 50 and solar radiation; that is, the upwind air flow of the natural environment passing through the exposed surface of the heat exchanger 20 (radiator) coordinates with the flow field of the fluid transmission power source configured on the radiator outside the tower 50 to assist in conveying the external air flow and increase the heat exchange rate on the surface of the radiator, so as to reduce the temperature of the cooling medium as much as possible, return it to the heat source inside the tower 50 for recycling and absorbing heat energy, and use it efficiently in a reciprocating cycle.

[0084] like Figure 1 As shown, an equipment platform inside a tower door 52 is provided inside a tower 50 of a wind power equipment, on which an electrical device, such as a converter, is provided. The converter is connected to a heat exchanger 20 outside the tower 50 through a converter coolant pipeline 63, and an induced draft fan and its driver are provided on the heat exchanger 20. A wind vane anemometer 70 is provided on the top of the nacelle 80, and a power transmission cable 62 is provided inside the tower 50.

[0085] Figure 2 It is a comprehensive temperature diagram of the external environment where the wind turbine tower 50 is located in summer. Figure 2 In the figure, reference numeral a1 represents the comprehensive temperature curve outside the tower 50, reference numeral a2 represents the air temperature curve outside the tower 50, and reference numeral a3 represents the solar radiation equivalent temperature curve. Figure 2 The horizontal axis represents time in hours, and the vertical axis represents temperature in degrees Celsius. Figure 2 As shown, with the natural environment meteorological data of the location of the wind farm tower 50 as the background, the representative daily temperature changes of the environment outside the tower 50 in summer are measured and plotted. In the outdoor climate conditions for building thermal calculations in summer, the most important are solar radiation and the temperature outside the enclosure structure. Although they have different heat exchange modes with the outer coating of the tower 50, the effect is to increase the temperature of the outer coating of the tower 50, the nacelle 80, and the radiator. In order to simplify the calculation, the thermal effect of the solar radiation enclosure structure is converted (i.e., the solar radiation equivalent temperature), and a hypothetical comprehensive temperature outside the tower 50 and the nacelle 80 is used to replace the combined effect of solar radiation and outdoor temperature, that is, curve a2 and curve a3 are superimposed to form curve a1. (Note: It is given based on the geographical environment wind farm in a certain place in my country in the northern hemisphere).

[0086] Figure 3 It is a comprehensive temperature diagram of the wind turbine tower 50 enclosure structure in different directions in summer. Figure 3As shown, with the natural environment meteorological data of the location of the wind farm tower 50 as the background, the representative daily temperature changes of the tower 50, the nacelle 80, and the radiator (heat exchanger 20) enclosure structure heat exchanger 20 in different directions in summer are measured and mapped. Figure 3 The horizontal axis represents time in hours, and the vertical axis represents temperature in degrees Celsius. Figure 3 The label b1 represents the temperature-time variation curve corresponding to the horizontal plane, the label b2 represents the temperature-time variation curve corresponding to the east vertical plane, and the label b3 represents the temperature-time variation curve corresponding to the west vertical plane. Figure 3 The following information is reflected:

[0087] The combined temperature of the cabin 80 and the top of the radiator is continuously higher than the east and west vertical surfaces of the tower 50, the cabin 80 and the outer protective structure of the radiator from 8 o'clock to 14 o'clock. With 12 o'clock as the symmetry point, the external environment of the cabin 80 and the top (or upper surface) of the heat exchanger 20 is continuously in a high combined temperature environment.

[0088] The west vertical surface temperature of the tower 50, the nacelle 80, and the radiator outer protective structure is higher than the east vertical surface temperature after a delay of 8 hours.

[0089] After the west vertical surface reaches the highest temperature value at 16:00, it will take about half an hour for the temperature wave to be transmitted to the inner wall of the tower 50 and the cabin 80. The length of the delay is related to the heat storage coefficient of the material and coating material of the tower 50 and the cabin 80. The size of the heat storage coefficient corresponds to the length of time the high temperature in the enclosure structure is delayed.

[0090] In the summer in Hami, Xinjiang, on the southern slope of Tianshan Mountain, the geographical location determines that strong winds often blow after 18:00, causing the wind turbine to continue to generate electricity at full power until after the next morning. This means that the heat generated by the internal heat source (electrical equipment 61) of the wind turbine continues to "go up", and the reduction of the external ambient temperature does not immediately affect (reduce) the ambient temperature inside the unit (inside the enclosure structure). This requires the cooling system to rely on the radiator (heat exchanger 20) set outside the tower 50 to release the heat energy carried from the inside of the enclosure structure to the natural environment.

[0091] The movable heat exchanger 20 device on the periphery of the wind turbine tower 50 and the control method for determining the moving position of the wind turbine tower 50 in this embodiment make full use of the above Figure 2 , Figure 3 The technical characteristics in the space-time structure are reflected. The traditional fixed position of the radiator is moved and dynamically protected from the sun and heat-insulated. The radiant heat of the radiator is released to the natural environment, and the radiation heating of the radiator by the ground environment is reduced to solve the disadvantages of the heat exchanger 20 caused by the existing solar radiation.

[0092] Figure 4It is a diagram of the locations of wind turbine towers 50 facing the sun radiation and the occurrence of high temperature and heavy rain in summer (top view of tower 50). Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , the inventor proposed that before building a wind farm in a certain place in the northern hemisphere, meteorological data was collected and the daily radiation in the summer in the installation location area was measured, that is, the daily radiation values ​​in each direction (direction) of east, south, west, north and directly above were plotted as shown in FIG. Figure 4 The dumbbell-shaped curve shown in the figure has a centripetal radial size representing the solar radiation in various directions where the wind turbine tower 50 is located.

[0093] Based on the natural environment meteorological data of the wind power generation equipment, a representative schematic diagram of the daily variation of the summer daily radiation around the outer ring of the tower 50 is measured and drawn.

[0094] Daily radiation changes Figure 4 As shown in the dumbbell-shaped curve, the radial amplitude size (length) along different directions represents the radiation intensity of the sun projected onto the tower wall 51 in the corresponding tower 50 direction period. Figure 4 It can be seen that the high temperature starts to appear at about 60° clockwise from south to west, and continues to the due west, after which the radiation intensity begins to decrease (i.e., what we call "west sun" in daily life). The due north side of this geographical location does not directly receive solar radiation, but only the local surface radiation and atmospheric radiation, i.e., environmental radiation, which has a very weak amplitude (can be used with the help of others), and is worth building a bridge for use.

[0095] Figure 4 The direction of storms in summer for this geographical environment is also given. Storms from this direction wash the tower wall 51 and the radiator around the outside in this direction. The extremely weak solar radiation together with the directional storms (regularity) cause the temperature on the north side of the tower wall 51 and the outside of the right area to be lower.

[0096] According to the law of material migration, flux (heat flow) = driving force (temperature and pressure) / resistance (thermal resistance) of the material migration process. In the tower 50, especially at the bottom, there are unit converters and their reactors, transformers (including transformers that supply factory electricity to the unit and transformers that connect to the power grid to output electricity), and main power cables. They are all heat sources, and the surface temperature will be much higher than the temperature on the north side of the tower wall 51. Here, there is a temperature difference between the heat source and the outer wall in the radial direction. By arranging the heat source and building a radial heat flow transfer channel, the heat dissipation of the heat source is enhanced. For the external radiator of the tower 50, the external heat dissipation rate of the radiator is enhanced. The conditions on the outside of the component are most conducive to heat dissipation (actively eliminating solar radiation, actively improving forced convection heat exchange, actively facing the wind, and actively assisting the fan 23 to build a convective heat transfer rate that drives the air flow through the fins. According to Newton's cooling law, see for details. Figure 6 shown). Figure 4It is based on the geographical environment and meteorological data of a wind farm in a certain place in my country in the northern hemisphere.

[0097] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the traditional arrangement of the heat exchanger 20 outside the tower 50. Figure 5 The instructions are as follows:

[0098] Figure 5 The orientation of the heat-resistant coating on the inner wall of the positive side of the tower wall 51 is schematically shown, from due south to due west in a counterclockwise direction, the range of the heat-resistant coating can also be expanded.

[0099] Figure 5 Only six power transmission cables 62 are shown, and they are arranged in a row. This is just a schematic diagram. The number of cables will vary according to the capacity of the unit, and the spacing between the cables will also be adjusted accordingly. It is not necessarily arranged in a row. It can be an arc "⌒" with equal spacing from the inner wall of the tower 50, or a curved wave "~". One of the heat sources of the electrical equipment 61 in the tower 50.

[0100] The positional relationship between the power transmission cable 62 (one of the heat sources of the electrical equipment 61 in the tower 50) and the electrical equipment 61 (converter, transformer, electric control cabinet, the main heat source in the tower 50) is only a schematic representation, and it does not rule out that the two are exchanged left and right in terms of the drawing, including adjusting the electrical equipment 61 in a clockwise direction to the east in terms of the drawing, away from the power transmission cable 62.

[0101] The heat source (electrical equipment 61, power transmission cable 62) inside the tower 50 generates heat during operation. Some high-power heat sources (e.g., converters, transformers) are provided with cooling systems. The external radiator of the cooling system, namely, the heat exchanger 20, is a part of the cooling system for cooling the heat source (electrical equipment 61) inside the tower 50. The power source (e.g., pump) for conveying the flow of the fluid medium of the cooling system inside the tower 50 drives the flow of the fluid medium. When passing through the heat source head inside the electrical equipment 61 (converter, transformer), the heat generated by the heat source is transferred to the flowing cooling medium by means of convection heat transfer and heat conduction in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics. The cooling medium carries the absorbed heat energy and flows to the heat exchanger 20 outside the tower 50 through the transmission pipeline, using the air flow in the natural environment and the earth and even the sky as the cold source for releasing heat energy. Of course, there is also a periodic heat source, namely solar radiation, which is one of the unfavorable factors.

[0102] How to make full use of the upwind air flow around the outside of the tower 50, and how to use the fluid transmission power source (for example, fan 23, ventilator, induced draft fan) configured on the radiator to transport fluid to achieve field coordination with the natural environment air flow to enhance the external convective heat transfer rate of the radiator, while reducing the power consumption of the power transmission equipment for the purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction. From the perspective of time and space sequence, the radiator position uses the tower 50 to achieve field coordination with solar radiation; the external radiator helps the external heat exchange rate to transport the field coordination of the upwind air flow from the natural environment that passes through the heat exchange surface, so as to reduce the temperature of the cooling medium as much as possible, and return it to the internal heat source of the tower 50 for recycling and absorption of heat energy, and the cycle is repeated for efficient utilization.

[0103] Disadvantages of the arrangement of the heat exchanger 20 (radiator) arranged outside the conventional tower 50 enclosure structure (see Figure 5 ), which is usually consistent with the idea of ​​setting the tower door 52. The choice of the opening direction of the tower door 52 is to avoid the difficulty of opening the door due to excessive wind pressure on the windward side. It is set on the leeward side opposite to the main wind direction, and is even often fixed under the tower door 52 to play the role of a safe haven. However, such an arrangement is exactly the opposite of the requirement for the external heat exchanger 20 to exert heat dissipation. It does not follow the basic principles of Newton's cooling law, and even lacks knowledge of heat transfer and violates objective laws. The so-called "enhanced heat transfer technology" is a technology that increases the convective heat transfer coefficient. The enhanced heat transfer technology can start from the solid side or the fluid side, and can start from changing the surface structure / shape of the solid, or change the motion state of the fluid or the external force field it is subjected to. The passive technology (also known as passive technology) of enhanced heat transfer refers to a technology that does not require additional power except for the power of transmitting the heat transfer medium. Active technology (also known as active technology) is a technology that requires additional power (mechanical force, electromagnetic force). Enhanced heat transfer technology can be approached from different angles, from the solid side and the fluid side. Based on the fact that the outer surface of the heat exchanger 20 (radiator) here is the contact surface with the natural environment and the source of radiant heat emitted to the natural environment, the color of the protective coating on the surface of the radiator should be a color that is conducive to emitting infrared thermal radiation and, at the same time, a color with a higher radiation reflectivity to the tower 50.

[0104] Figure 6 The present invention provides a method for controlling the movement of a heat sink device including a slide rail 10 and a field coordinated movement of the heat sink device with solar radiation and upwind air flow to enhance heat dissipation. Figure 6 The instructions are as follows:

[0105] The upwind air flow around the outside of the tower 50 is fully utilized, and the fluid transmission power source (for example, fan 23, ventilator, induced draft fan) configured on the radiator is used to transport the fluid in coordination with the field of the natural environment air flow to enhance the convective heat transfer rate outside the radiator, while reducing the factory electricity consumption of the power transmission equipment for the purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction.

[0106] From the perspective of time and space sequence, two synergies are achieved, namely, the radiator position around the outside of the tower 50 achieves field synergy with the help of the tower 50 and solar radiation to eliminate the external heating of the radiator by solar radiation; the external radiator helps the external heat exchange rate to transport the field synergy of the natural environment upwind air flow passing through the heat exchange surface, that is, Newton's cooling law, to reduce the temperature of the cooling medium as much as possible, return to the heat source inside the tower 50 for recycling and absorbing heat energy, and the cooling medium circulates, reciprocates, and is efficiently utilized to ensure that the temperature rise of the electrical equipment 61 is limited and operates reliably and safely. The lowest cold source of the component achieves two synergies and supports the improvement of the enhanced heat dissipation rate.

[0107] From the convective heat transfer energy equation (the radial direction of the tower wall 51 is processed in two-dimensional cylindrical coordinates):

[0108]

[0109] For the convective heat transfer between the upwind air flow outside the tower 50 and the radiator without phase change, any measures that can reduce the boundary layer, increase the air flow rate, and promote the speed of the air flow contacting the core fins of the heat exchanger 20 can enhance the heat transfer. From the technical mechanism analysis of enhancing the single convection heat transfer of hot air flow, the convective heat transfer energy equation of the air boundary layer type is integrated with the thickness of the air thermal boundary layer on the surface of the heat exchanger 20 to obtain:

[0110]

[0111] q w is the heat exchanged between the fluid and the solid on the solid wall, that is, the convective heat transfer; "δt" is the thickness of the thermal boundary layer. It can be seen from the formula that when the density, constant pressure mass specific heat capacity, and thermal conductivity (thermal conductivity) are given, the characteristics of the flow field and the temperature gradient field (or thermal flow field) determine the heat flow on the boundary and the convective heat transfer coefficient on the boundary. Therefore, there are two vector fields in the convective heat transfer domain:

[0112] Velocity field: U(x,y,z);

[0113] Temperature gradient field: ▽T(x,y,z);

[0114] or three scalar fields:

[0115] Absolute value of velocity: |U|(x,y,z);

[0116] Absolute value of temperature gradient: |▽T|(x,y,z);

[0117] Angle cosine field: cosβ(x,y,z);

[0118] According to the vector operation rules, U·gradT==|U||gradT|cosθ. Under certain velocity and temperature gradient, reducing the angle θ between the two is an effective measure to enhance heat transfer. Whether it is a boundary layer flow or a flow with reflow, to enhance convective heat transfer under certain velocity and temperature gradient, it is essentially to reduce the angle between velocity and temperature gradient (this idea is called "field synergy principle"). The field synergy principle reveals the essence of enhancing convective heat transfer. Thinning the boundary layer and increasing the disturbance in the air flow is actually to reduce the angle between velocity and temperature gradient. The synergy of velocity field and temperature gradient field is reflected in three aspects: the cosine value of the angle between the velocity vector and the temperature gradient vector is as large as possible, that is, the angle between the two vectors should be as small as possible, or as large as possible; the fluid velocity profile and temperature profile should be as uniform as possible; the large values ​​in the three scalar fields should be matched as much as possible, that is, the large values ​​in the three scalar fields should appear in certain areas of a certain field at the same time as much as possible. The field "synergy number" is expressed as: Fc = Nu / (Re.Pr), and these principles are followed to connect the core of the heat exchanger 20 and the power source (here, the fan 23, the induced draft fan). For a traditional enclosure structure containing a heat source, such as an electrical device 61, whose cooling system contains a heat exchanger 20, the heat exchanger 20 is arranged around the outside of the enclosure structure, and a movable slide rail 10 (or a relatively smooth supporting surface) is provided for the heat exchanger 20 to support or suspend and limit the trajectory of the heat exchanger 20. The heat exchanger body 21 itself is provided with a ventilation fan 23, and the shaft system of the ventilation fan 23 is driven by a third drive motor. The heat exchanger 20 is provided with a drive device 30 and its control device.

[0119] like Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control system for a movable heat exchanger 20 of an enclosure structure, wherein the heat exchanger 20 is arranged around the outside of the enclosure structure, and comprises: a slide rail 10, which is arranged around the periphery of the enclosure structure, and is used to support or suspend the heat exchanger 20 and limit the movement trajectory of the heat exchanger 20; the heat exchanger 20 comprises: a movable heat exchanger body 21; and a wheeled sliding fixture 22, which is used to movably support or suspend the heat exchanger body 21 on the slide rail 10; a driving device 30, which comprises: a first driving motor, which is used to drive the wheeled sliding fixture 22 to move along the slide rail 10 to move; a first sensor for measuring the position information of the heat exchanger 20 on the slide rail 10 outside the enclosure structure; a second sensor for measuring the ambient temperature around the outside of the enclosure structure; a third sensor for measuring the wind speed and direction of the upwind air flow; a first controller 40 for receiving measurement signals from each sensor and sending a control signal to the drive device 30 to control the drive device 30 to move the heat exchanger 20 to a target position on the slide rail 10, wherein the heat transfer coefficient of the surface of the heat exchanger 20 at the target position is higher than the heat transfer coefficient of the surface of the heat exchanger 20 at the position before the movement.

[0120] Specifically, the first controller 40 determines the target position of the heat exchanger 20 on the slide rail 10 outside the enclosure structure based on the position information of the heat exchanger 20 on the slide rail 10 outside the enclosure structure, the ambient temperature outside the enclosure structure, and one or more of the wind speed and direction of the upwind air flow.

[0121] In some embodiments, the drive device 30 is a servo drive device 30. The enclosure structure is a tower 50 of a wind power generation device, and the electrical equipment 61 in the enclosure structure is a heat-generating device including a converter, a transformer, a reactor, a motor, or a bearing; the first sensor is a position sensor, the second sensor is a temperature sensor, and the third sensor is a wind vane anemometer 70; the shape of the slide rail 10 includes: circular, elliptical or polygonal; the material of the slide rail 10 includes: metal material, a mixed material composed of non-metal and metal, concrete material, or non-metal material; the slide rail 10 is arranged on the outer surface of the foundation around the tower 50, or is arranged above the tower door 52 in the height direction, or is arranged on the outer periphery of the tower 50 below the nacelle 80.

[0122] Specifically, the heat exchanger 20 is designed to be movable, and has a slide rail 10 for supporting or suspending the heat exchanger 20. The slide rail 10 is arranged on the outer surface of the foundation around the tower 50; or is arranged above the height of the tower door 52 and relies on the outer wall of the tower 50; or is arranged below the nacelle 80 and relies on the outer wall of the tower frame. This design makes the heat exchanger 20 no longer limited by the adverse factors on the ground outside the tower 50. These adverse factors are: vegetation, floccules, flying sand and rocks blocking the gaps of the fins on the outer surface of the radiator, being submerged by floods, and the ground vegetation producing a large roughness of the ground airflow boundary layer, which sticks to the air flow speed and reduces the heat dissipation rate of the outer surface of the radiator.

[0123] In some embodiments, the wheeled sliding fixture 22 includes but is not limited to: a four-wheel support device 220, the four-wheel support device 220 includes: a support platform frame, two wheels connected by a first wheel axle, two wheels connected by a second wheel axle, and a rotating shaft for supporting the heat exchanger body 21 to rotate within a range of 360 degrees; one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected or rigidly connected to the heat exchanger body 21, and the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support platform frame of the four-wheel support device 220; the first wheel axle and the second wheel axle are installed on the support platform frame; a first drive motor is used to drive the first wheel axle and the second wheel axle of the four-wheel support device 220 to rotate, thereby driving the four wheels of the four-wheel support device 220 to roll on the slide rail 10. The first drive motor can be arranged inside the four-wheel support device 220 and is drivingly connected to the first wheel axle and the second wheel axle.

[0124] Specifically, the heat exchanger 20 is designed with a four-wheel support device 220 with two wheels at the front and rear that are movable. The support wheels have a wheel axle structure, and the rotating wheel axle is driven by a servo drive motor transmission mechanism. The servo drive motor is connected to a control device (a first controller 40). The control device is connected to a sensor for measuring the specific position of the heat exchanger 20, a sensor for measuring the air flow temperature, and a sensor for measuring the wind speed and direction. The controller receives the sensor signal and sends a control signal to the servo drive motor.

[0125] In some embodiments, the driving device 30 further includes: a second driving motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate within a range of 360 degrees; a second controller for receiving the wind direction and speed signal transmitted by the wind vane anemometer 70 disposed on the top of the nacelle 80 of the wind turbine, and controlling the second driving motor to drive the rotating shaft to rotate according to the wind direction and speed signal, so that the windward surface of the heat exchanger 20 actively faces the wind. In this way, the windward surface of the heat exchanger 20 device is designed to have a rotatable function, just like the wind vane anemometer 70 has the wind-facing function.

[0126] In some embodiments, a temperature sensor is used to obtain the ambient temperature outside the tower 50; the first controller 40 includes a first control module, which is specifically used to: when the ambient temperature outside the tower 50 is lower than a first threshold below zero (for example, minus 30 degrees), control the first drive motor to move the heat exchanger 20 along the slide rail 10 to the leeward side of the tower 50 and brake the heat exchanger 20; when the ambient temperature outside the tower 50 is lower than a second threshold below zero (for example, minus 35 degrees), control the first drive motor to move the heat exchanger 20 along the slide rail 10 to the leeward side of the tower 50, control the heat exchanger 20 to stop working, and brake the heat exchanger 20; when the ambient temperature outside the tower 50 is higher than a third threshold above zero (for example, 45 degrees above zero), control the first drive motor to move the heat exchanger 20 along the slide rail 10 to the shady side of the tower 50, control the heat exchanger 20 to stop working, and brake the heat exchanger 20.

[0127] In some embodiments, the heat exchanger body 21 is equipped with a fan 23 for forcing the external air flow of the heat exchanger 20 to pass over the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger 20, and the shaft system of the fan 23 is driven by a third drive motor; the first controller 40 includes a second control module, which is specifically used for: in winter, when the ambient temperature outside the tower 50 is higher than the first threshold below zero (for example, minus 30 degrees) and lower than 0 degrees, controlling the first drive motor to move the heat exchanger 20 along the slide rail 10 to face the upwind air flow, and the heat exchange fins of the heat exchanger 20 directly face the upwind air flow. The fan 23 in the heat exchanger body 21 is in the direction of the wind and accelerates the introduction of the upwind air flow into the heat exchanger 20, so that the drainage direction of the fan 23 is consistent with the flow field of the upwind air flow; and controlling the heat exchanger 20 to move to one of the two target positions, the two target positions include: the stationary position where the upwind air flow hits the tower wall 51 (i.e. Figure 7 The windward side stationary point 90) of the tower 50 in the figure is taken as the starting point and the projection position of the position 90 degrees along the circumference of the tower wall 51 clockwise or counterclockwise on the slide rail 10 is formed. The two target positions are 180 degrees symmetrical with the central axis of the slide rail 10 or the tower 50.

[0128] In some embodiments, the first controller 40 includes a third control module, which is specifically used to: control the first drive motor to move the heat exchanger 20 along the slide rail 10 to the shady side of the tower 50 between 10:00 and 18:00 in summer; control the first drive motor to move the heat exchanger 20 along the slide rail 10 to the leeward side of the tower 50 during the rainy period in summer; control the heat exchanger 20 to move to one of the two target positions between 18:00 on the same day in summer and 10:00 on the next day, the two target positions include: the stationary position where the windward flow hits the tower wall 51 (i.e. Figure 7The windward side stationary point 90 of the tower 50 in the figure is taken as the starting point, and the projection position of the position along the circumference of the tower wall 51 at 90 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise on the slide rail 10 is obtained. The two target positions are 180 degrees symmetrical relative to the central axis of the slide rail 10 or the tower 50.

[0129] In some embodiments, the first controller 40 includes a fourth control module, which is specifically used to: when an induced draft structure heat exchanger 20 is used, based on the wind direction and speed data of the wind vane anemometer 70, control the second drive motor so that the air inlet surface gap of the heat exchange core of the heat exchanger body 21 is facing the upwind flow aligned with the tower 50; when an exhaust structure heat exchanger 20 is used, control the exposed surface of the heat exchange core of the heat exchanger body 21 to face the downwind direction, and drive the third drive motor of the fan 23 and the fan 23 to face away from the upwind air flow.

[0130] Among them, the induced draft structure heat exchanger 20 means: the core of the heat exchanger 20 faces the upwind air flow, and the fan 23 serving as the induced draft function is located downstream of the heat exchanger 20; wherein the exhaust structure heat exchanger 20 means: the fan 23 (exhaust fan) serving as the exhaust function is located upstream of the core of the heat exchanger 20, and the upwind air flow first passes through the exhaust fan facing the core of the heat exchanger 20 for acceleration, and then enters the windward surface gap of the heat exchange core of the heat exchanger body 21.

[0131] In some embodiments, the first controller 40 includes a fifth control module, which is specifically used to: when the heat exchanger 20 is in hot standby, control the first drive motor to drive the heat exchanger 20 to stay on the leeward side and perform braking; or, when the heat exchanger 20 is in hot standby, control the first drive motor to keep the heat exchanger 20 on the shady side of the tower 50 where the sun is shining, and perform braking; or, when the heat exchanger 20 is in hot standby, control the first drive motor to move the heat exchanger 20 to the leeward side of the tower 50 according to the main wind direction of the wind farm, and perform braking.

[0132] In some embodiments, the control system of the movable heat exchanger 20 of the enclosure structure also includes: an image sensor, used to monitor whether there is an obstacle covering the top of the slide rail 10 that hinders the movement of the heat exchanger 20, obtain the image information of the obstacle above the slide rail 10, and transmit the obstacle image information to a third controller; a third controller, used to generate an instruction to clear the obstacle based on the obstacle image information; a removing device, arranged above the slide rail 10, used to remove the obstacle on the slide rail 10 according to the instruction to clear the obstacle.

[0133] In some embodiments, a movable heat exchanger 20 is disposed outside a wind turbine tower 50, and a control method for determining a moving position of the heat exchanger 20 includes the following steps:

[0134] The slide rail 10 used to support or suspend the heat exchanger 20 is calibrated and calibrated in 360 degrees, the wind direction sensed by the wind vane is calibrated and calibrated in 360 degrees, and the calibration is unified and stored in the storage unit of the first controller 40.

[0135] In some embodiments, the control method for determining the moving position of the heat exchanger 20 includes the following steps:

[0136] The relationship between the heat exchange gap between the fins of the heat exchanger body 21 and the airflow generated by the rotation of the fan 23 is provided with a fluid structure of exhaust (or blast) and induced air;

[0137] When the heat exchanger 20 adopts the wind suction structure, the air inlet surface gap of the heat exchange core of the heat exchanger body 21 is controlled by the first controller 40 to face the upwind air flow around the tower 50 according to the information sensed by the wind vane anemometer 70;

[0138] When the heat exchanger 20 adopts an exhaust (or blowing) structure, the exposed surface of the heat exchange core of the heat exchanger body 21 faces downwind, which is exactly opposite to the former. The third driving motor driving the fan 23 and the fan 23 face away from the upwind air flow.

[0139] The first controller 40 uses a temperature sensor to measure the temperature of the air flow. When the ambient temperature outside the tower 50 is lower than minus 30 degrees, the first controller 40 controls the servo drive motor (first drive motor) to move the heat exchanger 20 to the leeward side of the tower 50 and brake it. This prevents the windward snow from entering the gap between the fins of the heat exchanger 20 and icing to block the air flow channel. At this time, the ambient temperature is low enough to support the cooling of the fluid medium inside the heat exchanger 20, and there is no need for overcooling. If the coolant temperature is too low, the viscous resistance generated by the flow will increase a lot, and the power consumption of the power source (pump and its drive motor) driving the fluid medium in the cooling system will increase.

[0140] When the ambient temperature outside the tower 50 is lower than minus 35 degrees Celsius, the first controller 40 controls the servo drive motor to move the heat exchanger 20 to the leeward side of the tower 50. The first controller 40 controls the heat exchanger 20 to stop working and brake it to protect the heat exchanger 20 device, avoiding high-speed and low-temperature cold air flow from scouring the heat exchanger 20 to generate large temperature difference thermal stress, causing the heat exchanger 20 to deform too much or even leak, and at the same time the entire wind turbine stops running.

[0141] When the ambient temperature outside the tower 50 is higher than 45 degrees above zero, the first controller 40 controls the servo drive motor to move the heat exchanger 20 to the shady side of the tower 50 to protect the heat exchanger 20. The first controller 40 controls the heat exchanger 20 to stop working and brakes the heat exchanger 20 device, and the entire wind turbine stops running.

[0142] At the position determined by the longitude and latitude on the earth's surface, the tower 50 at the geographical location north of the Tropic of Cancer has a north shaded side of the solar radiation tower 50, and the tower 50 at the geographical location south of the Tropic of Capricorn has a south shaded side of the solar radiation tower 50. The first controller 40 first chooses to position the heat exchanger 20 on the shaded side around the tower 50 one hour after sunrise and one hour before sunset.

[0143] In some embodiments, the control method for determining the moving position of the heat exchanger 20 includes the following steps:

[0144] In winter, the first controller 40 is programmed so that when the ambient temperature outside the tower 50 is higher than minus 30 degrees and lower than 0 degrees, the first controller 40 controls the servo drive motor to move the heat exchanger 20 along the slide rail 10 to face the upwind flow. The heat exchange fins of the heat exchanger 20 directly face the upwind flow. The fan 23 in the heat exchanger 20 is in the direction of the wind and serves to accelerate the air flow introduced into the heat exchanger 20, so that the drainage direction of the fan 23 is coordinated with the upwind air flow field, thereby enhancing the convective heat transfer on the outer surface of the fins of the heat exchanger 20. At the same time, the first controller 40 controls the heat exchanger 20 to move to two positions on the slide rail 10 that are ninety degrees (90° angle) clockwise or counterclockwise along the circumference of the tower wall 51, starting from the stationary point where the upwind airflow hits the tower wall 51. These two positions are 180 degrees symmetrical with the circular slide rail 10 or the central axis of the tower 50. One position is selected where solar radiation is weaker or is shaded by the tower 50, and there is no need to consider shadows at night.

[0145] In some embodiments, the control method for determining the moving position of the heat exchanger 20 includes the following steps:

[0146] In summer, follow Figure 3 and Figure 4 , between 10 o'clock and 18 o'clock, the first controller 40 controls the servo drive motor to move the heat exchanger 20 to the shady side of the tower 50, except on cloudy days. During rainy periods, the first controller 40 controls the servo drive motor to move the heat exchanger 20 to the leeward side of the tower 50 to protect the insulation structure of the electrical equipment 61 of the servo motor on the heat exchanger 20 from being directly washed away by rain. After 18 o'clock in summer until 10 o'clock the next day, the first controller 40 controls the heat exchanger 20 device to move to two positions on the slide rail 10 that are ninety degrees (90° angle) clockwise or counterclockwise along the circumference of the tower wall 51, starting from the stationary position where the upwind airflow hits the tower wall 51. The two positions are 180 degrees symmetrical with the central axis of the circular slide rail 10 or the tower 50, and one is selected.

[0147] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following steps performed by the first controller 40:

[0148] The solar radiation equivalent temperature is obtained according to the current meteorological data of the region where the wind farm is located; or, the solar radiation equivalent temperature at the location of the tower 50 is calculated according to the radiation intensity measured by the full radiometer installed in the wind farm itself;

[0149] Adding the solar radiation equivalent temperature at the location of the tower 50 to the upwind air flow temperature at the location of the tower 50 to obtain a comprehensive temperature at the periphery of the tower 50;

[0150] According to the wind direction and speed data of the wind vane anemometer 70, the temperature of the upwind air flow sensed by the temperature sensor and the comprehensive temperature of the outer periphery of the tower 50, the cooling capacity of the upwind air flow on the cooling medium in the heat exchanger 20 is calculated based on Newton's cooling law and the fourth power law of thermal radiation;

[0151] According to the cooling capacity of the upwind air flow on the cooling medium in the heat exchanger 20 , it is determined whether to move the heat exchanger 20 to the position of the slide rail 10 corresponding to the shady side of the tower 50 facing solar radiation.

[0152] In some embodiments, when the heat exchanger 20 is in hot standby, a control method for determining the moving position of the heat exchanger 20 is used to protect the heat exchanger 20 device, including: when the wind power generation equipment is in a short-term or long-term shutdown period, the first drive motor can actively adjust the heat exchanger 20 to stay on the leeward side and perform braking; avoid wear or impact damage to the heat exchanger 20 device caused by flying sand and rocks, or stay on the shady side of the tower 50 where the sun is shining, and perform braking; avoid direct solar radiation from irradiating the heat exchanger 20 device, prematurely aging the anti-corrosion protective coating on the surface of the heat exchanger 20 device; or move the heat exchanger 20 device to the leeward side of the tower 50 according to the main wind direction of the wind farm, and perform braking.

[0153] In some embodiments, the heat exchanger 20 device is provided with an image sensor for monitoring whether there are trees or stones covering the slide rail 10, which hinder the movement of the heat exchanger 20 device, and transmitting image information to the controller. The heat exchanger 20 device is provided with an obstacle clearing device along the upper surface of the slide rail 10, which is used to push away foreign objects covering the slide rail 10.

[0154] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a field coordinated movement orientation control method for a radiator device including a slide rail 10 and solar radiation and upwind air flow to enhance heat dissipation. Figure 7 The heat exchanger 20 device on the slide rail 10 has an active wind-facing and wind-coordinated rotation mechanism on the air inlet side of the heat exchange core. Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a radiator device including a suspension rail 10 and a method for controlling the field coordination movement of the radiator device and the solar radiation and the upwind air flow to enhance the heat dissipation. Figure 7The explanation is as follows: The method for controlling the movement of the radiator with the suspension rail 10 in coordination with the solar radiation and the upwind air flow to enhance the heat dissipation is no longer limited by the external ground adverse factors around the tower 50. These adverse factors include: vegetation, flocs, flying sand and rocks blocking the fin gaps on the external surface of the radiator, flooding, and the ground vegetation producing a large roughness of the ground airflow boundary layer, which sticks to the air flow speed and reduces the heat dissipation rate of the external surface of the radiator. Figure 8 In the embodiment, the slide rail bracket 12 is used to support the slide rail 10 , and two ends of the slide rail bracket 12 are respectively connected to the slide rail 10 and the tower wall 51 .

[0155] On the other hand, in an alternative embodiment, a control system for a movable heat exchanger of an enclosure structure is also provided, the control system comprising:

[0156] A first sensor is used to detect the position information of the heat exchanger on the slide rail outside the enclosure structure;

[0157] A second sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature around the exterior of the enclosure structure;

[0158] A third sensor is used to detect the wind speed and direction of the upwind air flow;

[0159] An air cushion slide system is used to movably arrange the heat exchanger on the periphery of the enclosure structure; the air cushion slide system includes: a slide rail arranged around the periphery of the enclosure structure and an air cushion slide controller; the air cushion slide controller is used to determine the target position on the slide rail to which the heat exchanger should be moved based on the position information of the heat exchanger on the slide rail, the ambient temperature and at least one of the wind speed and direction of the upwind air flow, the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the target position is higher than the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the position before the movement.

[0160] In this embodiment, the movable heat exchanger no longer requires a wheeled sliding fixture. Furthermore, the air cushion slide controller is also used to generate a corresponding control instruction and send it to the drive device after determining the target position on the slide to which the heat exchanger should be moved. The control system may also include: a drive device, which is used to move the heat exchanger to the target position on the slide according to the control instruction of the air cushion slide controller.

[0161] Air Cushion Slide is an advanced transportation and industrial handling technology that uses air bearings (or air cushions) to reduce friction and achieve almost frictionless sliding motion.

[0162] In this embodiment, the main components of the air cushion slide system may include:

[0163] The air cushion device includes a series of precision-designed air bearings that evenly spray high-pressure air through multiple small holes to form a stable air cushion.

[0164] Tracks or slides are made of high-strength materials that can withstand high loads and ensure smooth sliding motion. The track surface can be specially treated to enhance its wear and corrosion resistance.

[0165] The control system or the aforementioned air cushion slide controller is used to adjust the pressure and flow of the air to ensure the stability and effectiveness of the air cushion. The control system can be manual or automated, depending on the application requirements.

[0166] The carrier platform is a mobile platform for carrying objects and is closely combined with the air cushion device to ensure the smooth sliding of the carrier (movable heat exchanger) on the track.

[0167] In this embodiment, the working principle of the air cushion slide system is based on the principle of aerodynamics, and a thin air film is formed between the carrier and the track through high-pressure air. This air film can significantly reduce friction, allowing the carrier to slide smoothly and efficiently on the track.

[0168] Specifically, high-pressure air is uniformly ejected through small holes in the air cushion device. The air forms a stable air film between the carrier and the track, which slightly lifts the carrier. The sliding motion is performed, and due to the presence of the air cushion, the friction between the carrier (movable heat exchanger) and the track is almost zero, allowing the carrier to slide smoothly on the track. In this application, the movable heat exchanger no longer requires a wheeled sliding fixture.

[0169] Due to the presence of the air cushion, friction is greatly reduced, reducing wear and energy consumption. The air cushion slide system has high-precision positioning and motion control capabilities, suitable for applications that require high-precision operations. The air cushion slide can withstand large loads and is suitable for the handling and transportation of heavy equipment. Due to the low friction, the noise generated during operation is also relatively low, suitable for noise-sensitive environments.

[0170] For lightweight loads or scenarios that require short-distance movement, air cushion slides can be driven manually. Since the air cushion greatly reduces friction, the carrier (movable heat exchanger) can be pushed relatively easily even with manual operation. In certain emergencies or maintenance processes, the carrier can be manually driven to move for inspection or repair. In applications that require efficient automation, long-distance movement or carrying heavy objects, the air cushion slide system needs to be equipped with a drive device. The choice of drive device for the air cushion slide needs to be determined based on the requirements of the specific application, such as load weight, moving distance, accuracy requirements and working environment. The drive device can include electric drive, pneumatic drive, hydraulic drive and mechanical transmission.

[0171] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In actual applications, the above-mentioned function allocation can be completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiment can be integrated into a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above-mentioned system can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0172] The flow chart and block diagram in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architecture, function and operation of the system, method and computer program product according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each square box in the flow chart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment or a part of a code, and the module, the program segment or a part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for realizing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some implementations as replacements, the functions marked in the square box can also occur in a sequence different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two square boxes represented in succession can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each square box in the block diagram and / or flow chart, and the combination of the square boxes in the block diagram and / or flow chart can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs a specified function or operation, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0173] The units involved in the embodiments described in the present application may be implemented by software or by hardware. The name of the unit does not constitute a limitation on the unit itself under certain circumstances. It should be understood that the various parts of the present disclosure may be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof.

[0174] The above is only a specific implementation of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A control system for a movable heat exchanger of an enclosure structure, wherein the heat exchanger is arranged around the outside of the enclosure structure, characterized in that: The control system comprises: A slide rail is arranged around the periphery of the enclosure structure, and is used to support or suspend the heat exchanger and limit the movement trajectory of the heat exchanger; the enclosure structure includes a tower of a wind power generation device; The heat exchanger comprises: a movable heat exchanger body; and a wheeled sliding fixing device for movably supporting or hanging the heat exchanger body on the slide rail; The driving device comprises: a first driving motor for driving the wheeled sliding fixing device to move along the slide rail; A first sensor is used to measure the position information of the heat exchanger on the slide rail outside the enclosure structure; the first sensor is a position sensor; A second sensor for measuring the ambient temperature around the exterior of the enclosure; A third sensor is used to measure the wind speed and direction of the upwind air flow; a first controller, for receiving measurement signals from various sensors, and sending a control signal to the driving device to control the driving device to move the heat exchanger to a target position on the slide rail, wherein a heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the target position is higher than a heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the position before the movement; The wheeled sliding fixing device comprises: A four-wheel support device, the four-wheel support device comprising: a support platform frame, two wheels connected by a first wheel axle, two wheels connected by a second wheel axle, and a rotating shaft for supporting the heat exchanger body to rotate within a range of 360 degrees; one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the heat exchanger body, and the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support platform frame of the four-wheel support device; the first wheel axle and the second wheel axle are installed on the support platform frame; The first driving motor is used to drive the first wheel axle and the second wheel axle of the four-wheel supporting device to rotate, thereby driving the four wheels of the four-wheel supporting device to roll on the slide rail; The driving device further comprises: A second driving motor is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate within a range of 360 degrees; A second controller is used to receive a wind direction and speed signal transmitted by a wind vane anemometer arranged on the top of the nacelle of the wind turbine, and control the second drive motor to drive the rotating shaft to rotate according to the wind direction and speed signal, so that the windward surface of the heat exchanger actively faces the wind; The first controller is specifically used for: The solar radiation equivalent temperature is obtained based on the current meteorological data of the area where the wind farm is located; or, the solar radiation equivalent temperature at the location of the tower is calculated based on the radiation intensity measured by the full radiometer installed in the wind farm itself; Adding the solar radiation equivalent temperature at the location of the tower and the upwind air flow temperature at the location of the tower to obtain a comprehensive temperature of the outer periphery of the tower; According to the wind direction and speed data of the wind vane anemometer, the temperature of the upwind air flow sensed by the temperature sensor and the comprehensive temperature of the outer periphery of the tower, the cooling capacity of the upwind air flow on the cooling medium in the heat exchanger is calculated based on Newton's cooling law and the fourth power law of thermal radiation; Whether to move the heat exchanger to the slide rail position corresponding to the shaded side of the tower from solar radiation is determined according to the cooling capacity of the upwind air flow on the cooling medium in the heat exchanger.

2. The control system of the movable heat exchanger of the enclosure structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enclosure structure also includes: the outer wall of a mobile power station, the outer shell of a carrier, and the outer wall of a building enclosure structure; the electrical equipment in the enclosure structure is heat-generating equipment including converters, transformers, reactors, motors, or bearings; The second sensor is a temperature sensor, and the third sensor is a wind vane anemometer; The shape of the slide rail includes: circular, elliptical or polygonal; The material of the slide rail includes: metal material, a mixed material consisting of non-metal and metal, concrete material, or non-metal material.

3. The control system of the movable heat exchanger of the enclosure structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature sensor is used to obtain the ambient temperature outside the tower; the slide rail is arranged on the outer surface of the foundation around the tower, or is arranged above the height of the tower door, or is arranged on the outer periphery of the tower below the cabin; The first controller includes a first control module, which is specifically used to: When the ambient temperature outside the tower is lower than a first threshold below zero, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger along the slide rail to the leeward side of the tower and brake the heat exchanger; When the ambient temperature outside the tower is lower than a second subzero threshold, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger along the slide rail to the leeward side of the tower, and the heat exchanger is controlled to stop working, and the heat exchanger is braked; the second subzero threshold is smaller than the first subzero threshold; When the ambient temperature outside the tower is higher than a third threshold above zero, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger along the slide rail to the shady side of the tower, the heat exchanger is controlled to stop working and the heat exchanger is braked; the third threshold above zero is greater than the absolute value of the second threshold below zero.

4. The control system of the movable heat exchanger of the enclosure structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger body is provided with a fan for forcing the external air flow of the heat exchanger to pass over the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger, and the shaft system of the fan is driven by a third drive motor; The first controller includes a second control module, which is specifically used for: In winter, when the ambient temperature outside the tower is higher than the first threshold below zero and lower than 0 degrees, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger along the slide rail to face the upwind air flow, the heat exchange fins of the heat exchanger directly face the upwind air flow, the fan in the heat exchanger body is in the direction of the wind and accelerates the upwind air flow to be introduced into the heat exchanger, so that the drainage direction of the fan is consistent with the flow field of the upwind air flow; Furthermore, the heat exchanger is controlled to move to one of two target positions, the two target positions including: a projection position on the slide rail at a position 90 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise along the circumference of the tower wall starting from a stationary point where the upwind air flow hits the tower wall, and the two target positions are 180 degrees symmetrical with the central axis of the slide rail or the tower.

5. The control system of the movable heat exchanger of the enclosure structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first controller includes a third control module, which is specifically used to: Between 10:00 and 18:00 in summer, controlling the first driving motor to move the heat exchanger to the shady side of the tower; During the rainy period in summer, controlling the first driving motor to move the heat exchanger to the leeward side of the tower; After 18:00 on the same day in summer and until 10:00 the next day, the heat exchanger is controlled to move to one of two target positions, the two target positions including: a projection position on the slide rail at a position 90 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise along the circumference of the tower wall starting from the stationary point where the upwind flow hits the tower wall, the two target positions are 180 degrees symmetrical with respect to the central axis of the slide rail or the tower.

6. The control system of the movable heat exchanger of the enclosure structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first controller includes a fourth control module, which is specifically used to: When an induced draft heat exchanger is used, the second drive motor is controlled according to the wind direction and speed data of the wind vane anemometer so that the air inlet gap of the heat exchange core of the heat exchanger body is directed toward the upwind direction of the tower; When an exhaust structure heat exchanger is used, the exposed surface of the heat exchange core of the heat exchanger body is controlled to face downwind, and the third drive motor driving the fan and the back of the fan are directed to the upwind air flow; The induced draft heat exchanger means that the heat exchanger core faces the upwind air flow, and the fan acting as an induced draft is located downstream of the heat exchanger; Among them, the exhaust structure heat exchanger means that the fan serving as the exhaust is located upstream of the heat exchanger core, and the upwind air flow first passes through the fan serving as the exhaust to accelerate the heat exchanger core, and then enters the windward surface gap of the heat exchanger core of the heat exchanger body.

7. The control system of the movable heat exchanger of the enclosure structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first controller includes a fifth control module, which is specifically used to: When the heat exchanger is in hot standby mode, controlling the first drive motor to drive the heat exchanger to stay on the leeward side and perform braking; Alternatively, when the heat exchanger is in hot standby mode, the first drive motor is controlled to stop the heat exchanger on the shady side of the tower under sunlight, and brake the heat exchanger; Alternatively, when the heat exchanger is in hot standby mode, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger to the leeward side of the tower according to the main wind direction of the wind farm, and brake the heat exchanger.

8. The control system of the movable heat exchanger of the enclosure structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: an image sensor, used for monitoring whether there is an obstacle covering the slide rail that hinders the movement of the heat exchanger, obtaining image information of the obstacle above the slide rail, and transmitting the image information of the obstacle to a third controller; A third controller, configured to generate an obstacle clearing instruction according to the obstacle image information; The removing device is arranged above the slide rail and is used for removing obstacles on the slide rail according to the instruction of clearing obstacles.

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