A nucleic acid amplification reaction device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a nucleic acid amplification reaction device, which includes a first constant temperature mechanism, a second constant temperature mechanism and a heat exchange mechanism. Inside the first constant temperature mechanism, there is a first reaction tube, and the first reaction tube is equipped with a first piston assembly; inside the second constant temperature mechanism, there is a second reaction tube, and the second reaction tube is equipped with a second piston assembly. A delivery tube is connected between the second reaction tube and the first reaction tube. The first piston assembly is used to squeeze the liquid in the first reaction tube through the delivery tube into the second reaction tube, and the second piston assembly is used to squeeze the liquid in the second reaction tube through the delivery tube into the first reaction tube; the heat exchange mechanism can exchange heat with the delivery tube to heat up or cool down the liquid in the delivery tube. The present invention can realize rapid heating and cooling of the nucleic acid amplification reaction, improve the temperature distribution uniformity of the nucleic acid amplification reaction, has a simple structure, is convenient to use, can reduce costs, and improve the operation convenience of nucleic acid amplification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of nucleic acid amplification, and particularly relates to a nucleic acid amplification reaction device. Background Art

[0002] Nucleic acid is a biological macromolecular compound polymerized by many nucleotides and is one of the most basic substances of life. Nucleic acids are widely present in all animal and plant cells and microorganisms. Nucleic acid macromolecules can be divided into two categories: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), which play a role in storing and transmitting genetic information in the replication and synthesis of proteins. Nucleic acid is not only the basic genetic material, but also occupies an important position in the biosynthesis of proteins. Proteins are the expression substances of life activities, and genes are specific nucleotide sequences encoding proteins. Therefore, nucleic acid plays a decisive role in a series of major life phenomena such as growth, inheritance, and variation. From 1957 to 1965, H.G. Khorana et al. designed and synthesized deoxyoligonucleotide fragments with repeating sequences composed of 1, 2, or 3 deoxynucleotides, and further replicated and transcribed them using DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase as templates to obtain long-chain artificial messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) with corresponding complementary sequences. Then, this artificial mRNA was used for protein synthesis in a cell-free system, and the genetic code was deciphered by analyzing the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide product obtained in this way and its correspondence with the nucleotide sequence in the template. In 1983, humans were able to amplify DNA in vitro for the first time, and the operation and utilization of nucleic acids entered a brand-new revolutionary stage. Until now, in vitro nucleic acid amplification technology is still constantly improved and perfected, and new nucleic acid amplification modes continue to emerge.

[0003] PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), namely polymerase chain reaction, refers to the process of in vitro replicating daughter-strand DNA complementary to the parent-strand template DNA under the catalysis of DNA polymerase, using the parent-strand DNA as a template and specific primers as the extension starting point, through steps such as denaturation, annealing, and extension. It is a DNA in vitro synthesis and amplification technology that can rapidly and specifically amplify any target DNA in vitro. It can be used in many aspects such as gene isolation and cloning, sequence analysis, gene expression regulation, and gene polymorphism research. Since the polymerase chain reaction technology was introduced in 1985, it has been widely used in the fields of medicine and molecular biology due to its sensitivity, specificity, and rapidity, thus showing the importance of nucleic acid amplification technology. The polymerase chain reaction technology is a technique for rapidly amplifying DNA in vitro, and each cycle includes three processes: denaturation, annealing, and extension. First, the double-stranded DNA sample is heated at a high temperature of about 95 °C, and the hydrogen bonds between the double strands will break, causing the DNA to thermally decompose into two complementary single-stranded DNA molecules. This process is called the high-temperature strand separation reaction. Then, the temperature is rapidly lowered to the range of about 50 - 65 °C. At this temperature, the single-stranded DNA binds to the primers according to the base complementary pairing principle. This process is called the low-temperature annealing reaction. After the annealing reaction ends, the temperature is rapidly raised to about 72 °C for the extension reaction. Under the conditions of DNA polymerase and an appropriate magnesium ion concentration, single nucleotides are bound starting from the 3' end of the primer, thus forming a new DNA. After such a process, one original DNA double-stranded molecule forms two DNA molecules, and the quantity doubles. After each cycle, the number of target nucleic acid molecules doubles, and these newly formed double strands can also serve as templates for the next cycle. After 30 - 40 cycles, the number of target nucleic acid molecules is amplified to nearly 10 9 times.

[0004] PCR is a method for obtaining a large amount of target DNA fragments in vitro, which is convenient for further analysis and testing of nucleic acid molecules. In the prior art, a housing or tube body (such as a PCR tube) with an accommodation cavity is placed on a heater to facilitate the later removal of the housing or tube body. The accommodation cavity is used to hold the reaction sample, and the heater can heat the housing or tube body. The housing or tube body transfers the heat to the reaction sample, thereby achieving the amplification of the reaction sample. However, since the housing or tube body is only placed on the heater for heating, there is an air layer between the housing or tube body and the heater, reducing the heat transfer speed between the heater and the housing or tube body, resulting in a slow heating and cooling speed of the reaction sample, and thus affecting the nucleic acid amplification process. In addition, the reaction sample in the housing or tube body has a large thickness, and the time required for the reaction sample to reach a uniform temperature is long, which also leads to a slow heating and cooling speed of the reaction sample. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a nucleic acid amplification reaction device for solving the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A nucleic acid amplification reaction device includes a first temperature control mechanism, a second temperature control mechanism, and a heat exchange mechanism. Inside the first temperature control mechanism, there is a first reaction tube, and the first reaction tube is equipped with a first piston assembly; inside the second temperature control mechanism, there is a second reaction tube, and the second reaction tube is equipped with a second piston assembly. A delivery tube is connected between the second reaction tube and the first reaction tube. The first piston assembly is used to squeeze the liquid in the first reaction tube through the delivery tube into the second reaction tube, and the second piston assembly is used to squeeze the liquid in the second reaction tube through the delivery tube into the first reaction tube; the heat exchange mechanism can exchange heat with the delivery tube to heat up or cool down the liquid in the delivery tube.

[0007] As an optional implementation manner of the above technical solution, the heat exchange mechanism includes a heat exchange tube. The heat exchange tube is closely attached to the delivery tube and can exchange heat with the delivery tube. Both ends of the heat exchange tube are respectively connected with an input tube and an output tube. A driving pump is provided on the input tube or the output tube, and the driving pump is used to drive the heat exchange medium to flow in the input tube, the heat exchange tube, and the output tube.

[0008] As an optional implementation manner of the above technical solution, both the heat exchange tube and the delivery tube are spiral.

[0009] As an optional implementation manner of the above technical solution, the end of the input tube is connected to a first container, and the end of the output tube is connected to a second container. After the denaturation reaction of the nucleic acid in the first reaction tube ends, the first piston assembly squeezes the liquid in the first reaction tube through the delivery tube into the second reaction tube, and the driving pump transports the low-temperature heat exchange medium in the first container to the heat exchange tube. After the low-temperature heat exchange medium absorbs the heat of the liquid in the delivery tube, it turns into a high-temperature heat exchange medium and is stored in the second container; after the annealing reaction of the nucleic acid in the second reaction tube ends, the second piston assembly squeezes the liquid in the second reaction tube through the delivery tube into the first reaction tube, and the driving pump transports the high-temperature heat exchange medium in the second container to the heat exchange tube. After the high-temperature heat exchange medium heats the liquid in the delivery tube, it turns into a low-temperature heat exchange medium and returns to the first container.

[0010] As an optional implementation manner of the above technical solution, the first container is equipped with a first heater and a first heat insulation layer, and the first heater is used to heat up the heat exchange medium in the first container.

[0011] As an optional implementation manner of the above technical solution, the second container is equipped with a second heater and a second heat insulation layer, and the second heater is used to heat up the heat exchange medium in the second container.

[0012] As an alternative embodiment of the above technical solution, it further includes a fixed seat, a rotating frame is rotatably provided on the fixed seat, a plurality of first reaction tubes are all arranged on one side of the rotating frame, and a plurality of second reaction tubes are all arranged on the other side of the rotating frame. Each first reaction tube and each second reaction tube are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. A first control valve is provided at one end of the delivery pipe close to the first reaction tube, and a second control valve is provided at one end of the delivery pipe close to the second reaction tube; the rotating frame is equipped with a rotation driving mechanism, and the rotation driving mechanism is used to drive the rotating frame to flip and move so as to reverse the positions of the first reaction tube and the second reaction tube.

[0013] As an alternative embodiment of the above technical solution, the fixed seat includes a rectangular frame, the rotating frame is rotatably arranged inside the rectangular frame, a lifting pressure plate is provided at the top of the rectangular frame, and the lifting pressure plate is equipped with a lifting driving mechanism, and the lifting driving mechanism is used to drive the lifting pressure plate to apply pressure to the first piston assembly or the second piston assembly.

[0014] As an alternative embodiment of the above technical solution, the first piston assembly includes a first piston head, the first piston head is slidably arranged inside the first reaction tube, and the first piston head is connected with a first push rod extending outside the first reaction tube.

[0015] As an alternative embodiment of the above technical solution, the second piston assembly includes a second piston head, the second piston head is slidably arranged inside the second reaction tube, and the second piston head is connected with a second push rod extending outside the second reaction tube.

[0016] As an alternative embodiment of the above technical solution, the first constant temperature mechanism includes a first heat preservation sleeve, the first heat preservation sleeve is equipped with a first heating mechanism and a first temperature control mechanism, and the first reaction tube is arranged inside the first heat preservation sleeve.

[0017] As an alternative embodiment of the above technical solution, the second constant temperature mechanism includes a second heat preservation sleeve, the second heat preservation sleeve is equipped with a second heating mechanism and a second temperature control mechanism, and the second reaction tube is arranged inside the second heat preservation sleeve.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] The present invention provides a nucleic acid amplification reaction device. A delivery pipe is connected between a second reaction tube and a first reaction tube. A heat exchange mechanism can exchange heat with the delivery pipe to heat up or cool down the liquid in the delivery pipe. The present invention uses the delivery pipe to enable the liquid to circulate sequentially between the first reaction tube and the second reaction tube at different temperatures, and can repeat nucleic acid denaturation, annealing, and extension reactions by heating at different temperatures. The heat exchange mechanism is used to heat up or cool down the liquid in the delivery pipe so that the liquid reaches a predetermined temperature in the delivery pipe, increasing the heating and cooling speed of the liquid, and thus accelerating the nucleic acid amplification process. The present invention can achieve rapid heating and cooling of the nucleic acid amplification reaction, improve the temperature distribution uniformity of the nucleic acid amplification reaction, has a simple structure, is convenient to use, can reduce costs, and improve the operation convenience of nucleic acid amplification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a nucleic acid amplification reaction device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the enlarged view of part A in

[0023] In the figure: 1 - first constant temperature mechanism; 2 - second constant temperature mechanism; 3 - heat exchange mechanism; 4 - first reaction tube; 5 - first piston assembly; 6 - second reaction tube; 7 - second piston assembly; 8 - delivery pipe; 9 - heat exchange pipe; 10 - input pipe; 11 - output pipe; 12 - drive pump; 13 - first container; 14 - second container; 15 - first heater; 16 - second heater; 17 - fixed seat; 18 - rotating frame; 19 - rotation drive mechanism; 20 - lifting pressure plate; 21 - lifting drive mechanism; 22 - first piston head; 23 - first push rod; 24 - second piston head; 25 - second push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] As Figures 1 - 3 shown, this embodiment provides a nucleic acid amplification reaction device, including a first constant temperature mechanism 1, a second constant temperature mechanism 2, and a heat exchange mechanism 3. A first reaction tube 4 is arranged inside the first constant temperature mechanism 1. The first reaction tube 4 is equipped with a first piston assembly 5. The first reaction tube 4 is used to contain the nucleic acid amplification reaction liquid, and the first piston assembly 5 is used to extrude the liquid in the first reaction tube 4. A second reaction tube 6 is arranged inside the second constant temperature mechanism 2. The second reaction tube 6 is equipped with a second piston assembly 7. The second reaction tube 6 is also used to contain the nucleic acid amplification reaction liquid, and the second piston assembly 7 is used to extrude the liquid in the second reaction tube 6.

[0025] AsFigure 1 As shown, a delivery pipe 8 is connected between the second reaction tube 6 and the first reaction tube 4. The first piston assembly 5 is used to squeeze the liquid in the first reaction tube 4 through the delivery pipe 8 into the second reaction tube 6, and the second piston assembly 7 is used to squeeze the liquid in the second reaction tube 6 through the delivery pipe 8 into the first reaction tube 4, realizing the conversion of the liquid between the first reaction tube 4 and the second reaction tube 6.

[0026] The heat exchange mechanism 3 can exchange heat with the delivery pipe 8 to heat up or cool down the liquid in the delivery pipe 8. Nucleic acid undergoes a denaturation reaction in the first reaction tube 4, and the first constant temperature mechanism 1 maintains the temperature of the first reaction tube 4 at about 95°C; after the denaturation reaction ends, the first piston assembly 5 squeezes the liquid in the first reaction tube 4 through the delivery pipe 8 into the second reaction tube 6. The liquid in the delivery pipe 8 can exchange heat with the heat exchange mechanism 3, and the heat exchange mechanism 3 can lower the temperature of the liquid in the delivery pipe 8, reducing the liquid temperature to 60°C and then entering the second reaction tube 6. The second constant temperature mechanism 2 maintains the temperature of the second reaction tube 6 at about 60°C, enabling the nucleic acid to undergo an annealing reaction in the second reaction tube 6; after the annealing reaction ends, the second piston assembly 7 squeezes the liquid in the second reaction tube 6 through the delivery pipe 8 into the first reaction tube 4. The liquid in the delivery pipe 8 can exchange heat with the heat exchange mechanism 3, and the heat exchange mechanism 3 can increase the temperature of the liquid in the delivery pipe 8, raising the liquid temperature to 72°C and then entering the first reaction tube 4. The first constant temperature mechanism 1 maintains the temperature of the first reaction tube 4 at about 72°C, enabling the nucleic acid to undergo an extension reaction in the first reaction tube 4; after one cycle, the functions of the first reaction tube 4 and the second reaction tube 6 are exchanged; after multiple cycles, the amplification of the number of nucleic acid molecules is achieved.

[0027] The present invention uses the delivery pipe 8 to make the liquid flow back and forth between the first reaction tube 4 and the second reaction tube 6 with different temperatures in sequence, and can repeat the nucleic acid denaturation, annealing, and extension reactions by heating at different temperatures. The heat exchange mechanism 3 heats up or cools down the liquid in the delivery pipe 8, enabling the liquid to reach a predetermined temperature in the delivery pipe 8, increasing the heating and cooling speed of the liquid, and thus accelerating the nucleic acid amplification process. The present invention can achieve rapid heating and cooling of the nucleic acid amplification reaction, improve the temperature distribution uniformity of the nucleic acid amplification reaction, has a simple structure, is convenient to use, can reduce costs, and improve the operational convenience of nucleic acid amplification.

[0028] Such as Figure 2 And Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the heat exchange mechanism 3 includes a heat exchange tube 9, and both the heat exchange tube 9 and the delivery tube 8 are helical. The heat exchange tube 9 is in close contact with the delivery tube 8 and can exchange heat with the delivery tube 8. Both ends of the heat exchange tube 9 are respectively connected to an input tube 10 and an output tube 11. A driving pump 12 is provided on either the input tube 10 or the output tube 11, and the driving pump 12 is used to drive the heat exchange medium to flow in the input tube 10, the heat exchange tube 9, and the output tube 11. Preferably, the heat exchange medium is water, and water is used to exchange heat with the liquid in the delivery tube 8 to reduce costs.

[0029] As Figure 2 shown, wherein, the end of the input tube 10 is connected to a first container 13, and the end of the output tube 11 is connected to a second container 14. After the denaturation reaction of the nucleic acid in the first reaction tube 4 ends, the first piston assembly 5 extrudes the liquid in the first reaction tube 4 through the delivery tube 8 into the second reaction tube 6. The driving pump 12 transports the low-temperature heat exchange medium in the first container 13 into the heat exchange tube 9. After the low-temperature heat exchange medium absorbs the heat of the liquid in the delivery tube 8, it turns into a high-temperature heat exchange medium and is stored in the second container 14. After the annealing reaction of the nucleic acid in the second reaction tube 6 ends, the second piston assembly 7 extrudes the liquid in the second reaction tube 6 through the delivery tube 8 into the first reaction tube 4. The driving pump 12 transports the high-temperature heat exchange medium in the second container 14 into the heat exchange tube 9. After the high-temperature heat exchange medium heats the liquid in the delivery tube 8, it turns into a low-temperature heat exchange medium and returns to the first container 13.

[0030] Preferably, the first container 13 is provided with a first heater 15 and a first heat insulation layer. The first heater 15 is used to raise the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the first container 13, so that the water in the first container 13 maintains an appropriate temperature for facilitating heat exchange with the liquid in the delivery tube 8. The second container 14 is provided with a second heater 16 and a second heat insulation layer. The second heater 16 is used to raise the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second container 14, so that the water in the second container 14 maintains an appropriate temperature for facilitating heat exchange with the liquid in the delivery tube 8.

[0031] As Figure 1As shown, in a specific embodiment, the nucleic acid amplification reaction device further includes a fixed seat 17. A rotating frame 18 is rotatably provided on the fixed seat 17. A number of first reaction tubes 4 are all arranged on one side of the rotating frame 18, and a number of second reaction tubes 6 are all arranged on the other side of the rotating frame 18. Each first reaction tube 4 and each second reaction tube 6 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. One end of the delivery tube 8 close to the first reaction tube 4 is provided with a first control valve, and one end of the delivery tube 8 close to the second reaction tube 6 is provided with a second control valve. The gravity of the liquid can be utilized to quickly make the liquid in the first reaction tube 4 enter the second reaction tube 6. The rotating frame 18 is equipped with a rotation driving mechanism 19. The rotation driving mechanism 19 uses a servo motor with a self-locking function. The rotation driving mechanism 19 is used to drive the rotating frame 18 to flip, so as to reverse the positions of the first reaction tube 4 and the second reaction tube 6.

[0032] During the denaturation reaction, the first reaction tube 4 is located above the second reaction tube 6; after the denaturation reaction ends, the first piston assembly 5 squeezes the liquid in the first reaction tube 4 into the second reaction tube 6 through the delivery tube 8. At the same time, the liquid in the first reaction tube 4 quickly enters the second reaction tube 6 under the action of gravity. And due to the gravity, there is less liquid remaining in the delivery tube 8. During the annealing reaction, the rotation driving mechanism 19 drives the rotating frame 18 to flip, so that the second reaction tube 6 is located above the first reaction tube 4; after the annealing reaction ends, the second piston assembly 7 squeezes the liquid in the second reaction tube 6 into the first reaction tube 4 through the delivery tube 8. At the same time, the liquid in the second reaction tube 6 quickly enters the first reaction tube 4 under the action of gravity. And due to the gravity, there is less liquid remaining in the delivery tube 8. During the extension reaction, the rotation driving mechanism 19 drives the rotating frame 18 to flip, and the first reaction tube 4 is located above the second reaction tube 6; after the extension reaction ends, the first piston assembly 5 squeezes the liquid in the first reaction tube 4 into the second reaction tube 6 through the delivery tube 8. At the same time, the liquid in the first reaction tube 4 quickly enters the second reaction tube 6 under the action of gravity. And due to the gravity, there is less liquid remaining in the delivery tube 8.

[0033] Specifically, the fixed seat 17 includes a rectangular frame. The rotating frame 18 is rotatably arranged inside the rectangular frame. A lifting pressing plate 20 is provided at the top of the rectangular frame. The lifting pressing plate 20 is equipped with a lifting driving mechanism 21. The lifting driving mechanism 21 can adopt a hydraulic cylinder. The lifting driving mechanism 21 is used to drive the lifting pressing plate 20 to apply pressure to the first piston assembly 5 or the second piston assembly 7, so that the first piston assembly 5 squeezes the liquid in the first reaction tube 4 into the second reaction tube 6 through the delivery tube 8, and the second piston assembly 7 squeezes the liquid in the second reaction tube 6 into the first reaction tube 4 through the delivery tube 8.

[0034] As Figure 2As shown, the first piston assembly 5 includes a first piston head 22, which is slidably disposed inside the first reaction tube 4, and the first piston head 22 is connected to a first push rod 23 extending to the outside of the first reaction tube 4. The second piston assembly 7 includes a second piston head 24, which is slidably disposed inside the second reaction tube 6, and the second piston head 24 is connected to a second push rod 25 extending to the outside of the second reaction tube 6. The lifting and lowering plate 20 applies pressure to the first push rod 23 or the second push rod 25, so that the first push rod 23 pushes the first piston head 22 to slide inside the first reaction tube 4, and the second push rod 25 pushes the second piston head 24 to slide inside the second reaction tube 6.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first constant temperature mechanism 1 includes a first insulation sleeve, the first insulation sleeve is equipped with a first heating mechanism and a first temperature control mechanism, and the first reaction tube 4 is arranged inside the first insulation sleeve. The first heating mechanism uses an electric heating tube, and the first temperature control mechanism controls the heating state of the electric heating tube to keep the first insulation sleeve in a constant temperature state. For example, during the denaturation reaction, the temperature of the first insulation sleeve is about 95°C; during the extension reaction, the temperature of the first insulation sleeve is about 72°C, which improves the nucleic acid amplification reaction speed.

[0036] The second constant temperature mechanism 2 includes a second insulation sleeve, the second insulation sleeve is equipped with a second heating mechanism and a second temperature control mechanism, and the second reaction tube 6 is arranged inside the second insulation sleeve. The second heating mechanism uses an electric heating tube, and the second temperature control mechanism controls the heating state of the electric heating tube to keep the second insulation sleeve in a constant temperature state. For example, during the annealing reaction, the temperature of the second insulation sleeve is about 60°C, which improves the nucleic acid amplification reaction speed.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, may be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood. In addition, the specific features, structures, etc. described in the embodiments are included in at least one embodiment. Under the condition that there is no contradiction, those skilled in the art may combine the features of different embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. According to the basic technical concept of the present invention, the embodiments that can be associated with by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nucleic acid amplification reaction device, characterized in that, It includes a first constant temperature mechanism (1), a second constant temperature mechanism (2) and a heat exchange mechanism (3). Inside the first constant temperature mechanism (1), there is a first reaction tube (4), and the first reaction tube (4) is equipped with a first piston assembly (5); inside the second constant temperature mechanism (2), there is a second reaction tube (6), and the second reaction tube (6) is equipped with a second piston assembly (7). A delivery pipe (8) is connected between the second reaction tube (6) and the first reaction tube (4). The first piston assembly (5) is used to squeeze the liquid in the first reaction tube (4) through the delivery pipe (8) into the second reaction tube (6), and the second piston assembly (7) is used to squeeze the liquid in the second reaction tube (6) through the delivery pipe (8) into the first reaction tube (4); the heat exchange mechanism (3) can exchange heat with the delivery pipe (8) to heat up or cool down the liquid in the delivery pipe (8). It further includes a fixed seat (17). A rotating frame (18) is rotatably arranged on the fixed seat (17). A number of first reaction tubes (4) are all arranged on one side of the rotating frame (18), and a number of second reaction tubes (6) are all arranged on the other side of the rotating frame (18). Each first reaction tube (4) is arranged corresponding to each second reaction tube (6). A first control valve is provided at one end of the delivery pipe (8) close to the first reaction tube (4), and a second control valve is provided at one end of the delivery pipe (8) close to the second reaction tube (6); the rotating frame (18) is equipped with a rotation driving mechanism (19), and the rotation driving mechanism (19) is used to drive the rotating frame (18) to turn over so as to reverse the positions of the first reaction tube (4) and the second reaction tube (6). The fixed seat (17) includes a rectangular frame. The rotating frame (18) is rotatably arranged inside the rectangular frame. A lifting pressing plate (20) is provided at the top of the rectangular frame, and the lifting pressing plate (20) is equipped with a lifting driving mechanism (21). The lifting driving mechanism (21) is used to drive the lifting pressing plate (20) to apply pressure to the first piston assembly (5) or the second piston assembly (7).

2. The nucleic acid amplification reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange mechanism (3) includes a heat exchange tube (9). The heat exchange tube (9) is closely attached to the delivery pipe (8) and can exchange heat with the delivery pipe (8). The two ends of the heat exchange tube (9) are respectively connected with an input pipe (10) and an output pipe (11). A driving pump (12) is provided on the input pipe (10) or the output pipe (11). The driving pump (12) is used to drive the heat exchange medium to flow in the input pipe (10), the heat exchange tube (9) and the output pipe (11).

3. The nucleic acid amplification reaction device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the heat exchange tube (9) and the delivery pipe (8) are spiral-shaped.

4. The nucleic acid amplification reaction device according to claim 2, wherein The end of the input pipe (10) is connected to a first container (13), and the end of the output pipe (11) is connected to a second container (14). After the denaturation reaction of the nucleic acid in the first reaction tube (4) ends, the first piston assembly (5) squeezes the liquid in the first reaction tube (4) through the delivery pipe (8) into the second reaction tube (6). The driving pump (12) transports the low-temperature heat exchange medium in the first container (13) into the heat exchange pipe (9). After the low-temperature heat exchange medium absorbs the heat of the liquid in the delivery pipe (8), it is transformed into a high-temperature heat exchange medium and stored in the second container (14). After the annealing reaction of the nucleic acid in the second reaction tube (6) ends, the second piston assembly (7) squeezes the liquid in the second reaction tube (6) through the delivery pipe (8) into the first reaction tube (4). The driving pump (12) transports the high-temperature heat exchange medium in the second container (14) into the heat exchange pipe (9). After the high-temperature heat exchange medium heats the liquid in the delivery pipe (8), it is transformed into a low-temperature heat exchange medium and returns to the first container (13).

5. The nucleic acid amplification reaction device according to claim 4, wherein The first container (13) is provided with a first heater (15) and a first heat insulation layer, and the first heater (15) is used to raise the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the first container (13). The second container (14) is provided with a second heater (16) and a second heat insulation layer, and the second heater (16) is used to raise the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second container (14).

6. The nucleic acid amplification reaction device according to claim 1, wherein The first piston assembly (5) includes a first piston head (22), the first piston head (22) is slidably arranged inside the first reaction tube (4), and the first piston head (22) is connected to a first push rod (23) extending outside the first reaction tube (4). The second piston assembly (7) includes a second piston head (24), the second piston head (24) is slidably arranged inside the second reaction tube (6), and the second piston head (24) is connected to a second push rod (25) extending outside the second reaction tube (6).

7. The nucleic acid amplification reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first constant temperature mechanism (1) includes a first heat insulation sleeve, the first heat insulation sleeve is provided with a first heating mechanism and a first temperature control mechanism, and the first reaction tube (4) is arranged inside the first heat insulation sleeve.

8. The nucleic acid amplification reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second constant temperature mechanism (2) includes a second heat insulation sleeve, the second heat insulation sleeve is provided with a second heating mechanism and a second temperature control mechanism, and the second reaction tube (6) is arranged inside the second heat insulation sleeve.

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