A method for manufacturing a primary lithium storage battery and a battery module

Abstract

The invention discloses a manufacturing method for a primary lithium-based reserve battery and a battery module. The battery injection hole is connected to the injection pipe through the positive terminal and the electrolyte busbar, the injection pipe goes deep into the bottom and is connected to the electrolyte flow plate, the exhaust hole is connected to the inside of the battery through the positive terminal and the electrolyte busbar, and there is no electrolyte inside the battery. The method includes: using iron disulfide or manganese oxide, a conductive agent and aluminum foil to prepare a positive electrode sheet, and using copper foil or nickel sheet, and metal lithium to prepare a negative electrode sheet; connecting the battery injection hole to the injection main pipeline, setting an injection flowmeter, an injection control valve and an injection pump, and connecting the injection pump to the electrolyte storage tank; the battery exhaust hole is connected to the main exhaust pipeline through an exhaust branch pipeline, and a gas-liquid separator and an exhaust control valve are set, and the exhaust control valve is connected to a vacuum pump through an exhaust pipeline; when in use, the vacuum pump is started to establish a vacuum negative pressure environment; opening the injection control valve, injecting electrolyte into the battery, and establishing the working voltage of the battery or module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of battery manufacturing, and in particular relates to a manufacturing method of a primary lithium-based reserve battery and a battery module. Background Art

[0002] At present, most of the power batteries used in aviation, land and underwater vehicles are lithium-based thermal batteries or silver-zinc batteries. When the silver-zinc battery is started, the electrolyte is injected into the battery to activate it, establish the positive and negative electrode voltages, and then output electrical energy. Since there is no electrolyte inside the silver-zinc battery during storage, there is no leakage problem of the positive and negative electrodes, and the storage time is long. However, the silver-zinc battery is expensive and has a low specific energy of only 40-110wh / kg. In order to increase the energy density, improve the device's cruising range and the real-time maneuverability of the device, some aircraft have gradually switched to lithium-ion batteries for power supply. As we all know, although the lithium-ion secondary battery has a relatively large specific energy of 140-280wh / kg, it has a certain self-discharge problem and a relatively short storage time. At the same time, the electrolyte components inside it, such as diethyl carbonate, are volatile and flammable solvents. Once thermal runaway occurs, the electrolyte is released into the aircraft cabin, posing a risk of explosion. Although the lithium-based thermal battery has a long storage time, it has the disadvantages of low specific energy and high cost. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the low energy density and long-term storage safety hazards of existing power batteries for aviation, land and underwater vehicles, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and propose a manufacturing method for a primary lithium-based storage battery and a battery module. While improving the battery weight-to-energy ratio and storage time, the battery discharge rate is increased, and the power density of the device power system is increased.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a method for manufacturing a primary lithium-based reserve battery, wherein the battery comprises a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a separator, a battery housing, a positive terminal, and an injection hole and an exhaust hole connected to the positive terminal, wherein the injection hole is connected to an injection pipe at the center of the battery, and the injection pipe penetrates into the bottom of the battery, and the battery does not contain an electrolyte. The method comprises:

[0005] Step 1) an electrolyte flow balancing plate is arranged at the bottom of the battery, wherein a hole is arranged at the center of the electrolyte flow balancing plate for connecting with the injection pipe, and a plurality of radial flow balancing grooves are arranged around the plate;

[0006] Step 2) an electrolyte manifold is arranged at the positive end of the battery, wherein a hole is arranged at the center of the electrolyte manifold for the injection pipe to pass through, a plurality of radial manifold grooves are arranged around the electrolyte manifold, and a hole is arranged on the electrolyte manifold to communicate with the exhaust hole;

[0007] Step 3) preparing a positive electrode of the battery by compounding iron disulfide, a conductive agent and an aluminum foil current collector, or manganese oxide, a conductive agent and an aluminum foil current collector, and preparing a negative electrode of the battery by compounding copper foil and metallic lithium, or nickel foil and metallic lithium;

[0008] Step 4) The positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the separator are alternately wound into a cylindrical battery roll core, which is attached between the injection tube and the inner wall of the battery shell, and a set porosity ratio is reserved;

[0009] Step 5) connecting the injection hole to the main injection pipeline, setting an injection flow meter, an injection control valve and an injection pump on the main injection pipeline, and connecting the injection pump to the electrolyte storage tank;

[0010] Step 6) connecting the exhaust hole to the main exhaust pipeline through an exhaust branch pipeline, arranging a gas-liquid separator and an exhaust control valve on the main exhaust pipeline, and connecting the exhaust control valve to the vacuum pump through the exhaust pipeline;

[0011] Step 7) starting the vacuum pump to extract the gas inside the battery and the connecting pipes to create a vacuum negative pressure environment;

[0012] Step 8) When starting the battery, open the injection control valve and inject a set amount of electrolyte into the battery through the injection pipe to establish the battery operating voltage.

[0013] Preferably, the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the separator are alternately wound into a cylindrical battery roll core, the porosity of which is set to 10-40%, and the vacuum negative pressure environment is <50Pa.

[0014] Preferably, the solute of the electrolyte includes lithium hexafluorophosphate, and the solvent is a mixture of one or more of propylene carbonate, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, dioxolane, diethyl carbonate or ethylene carbonate.

[0015] Preferably, when a gas-liquid separator is provided between the vacuum pump and the main exhaust pipe, step 7) and step 8) are performed simultaneously.

[0016] Preferably, the battery shell, the injection hole and the exhaust hole connected to the positive terminal are all made of metal, the electrolyte manifold and the electrolyte flow plate are both made of plastic, the injection pipe, the main injection pipeline, the exhaust branch pipeline and the main exhaust pipeline are all made of high-pressure resistant metal or plastic, and the injection flow meter, the injection control valve and the exhaust control valve can withstand negative pressure.

[0017] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a primary lithium storage battery module, wherein the module includes a plurality of primary lithium storage batteries, each of which includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a separator, a battery shell, a positive terminal, and an injection hole and an exhaust hole connected to the positive terminal, wherein the injection hole is connected to an injection pipe at the center of the battery, and the injection pipe penetrates into the bottom of the battery, and the battery does not contain an electrolyte, and the method includes:

[0018] Step 1) an electrolyte flow balancing plate is arranged at the bottom of each battery, wherein a hole is arranged at the center of the electrolyte flow balancing plate for connecting with the injection pipe, and a plurality of radial flow balancing grooves are arranged around the plate;

[0019] Step 2) an electrolyte busbar is provided at the positive end of each battery, wherein a hole is provided at the center of the electrolyte busbar for the injection pipe to pass through, a plurality of radial busbars are provided around the electrolyte busbar, and a hole is provided on the electrolyte busbar to communicate with the exhaust hole;

[0020] Step 3) preparing the positive electrode sheet of each battery by compounding iron disulfide with a conductive agent and an aluminum foil current collector, or manganese oxide with a conductive agent and an aluminum foil current collector, and preparing the negative electrode sheet of each battery by compounding copper foil with metallic lithium, or nickel sheet with metallic lithium;

[0021] Step 4) For each of the batteries, the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the separator are alternately wound into a cylindrical battery roll core, which is attached between the injection tube and the inner wall of the battery shell, and a set void ratio is reserved;

[0022] Step 5) connecting each of the injection holes connected to the positive terminal to a main injection pipeline, setting an injection flow meter, an injection control valve and an injection pump on the main injection pipeline, and connecting the injection pump to the electrolyte storage tank;

[0023] Step 6) connecting each exhaust hole connected to the positive terminal to the main exhaust pipeline through an exhaust branch pipeline, arranging a gas-liquid separator and an exhaust control valve on the main exhaust pipeline, and connecting the exhaust control valve to the vacuum pump through the exhaust pipeline;

[0024] Step 7) starting a vacuum pump to extract gas from the inside of each battery and the connecting pipeline to establish a vacuum negative pressure environment;

[0025] Step 8) When starting the battery module, open the injection control valve and inject a set amount of electrolyte into each battery through the injection pipe to establish the working voltage of the battery module.

[0026] Preferably, the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the separator are alternately wound into a cylindrical battery roll core, the porosity of which is set to 10-40%, and the vacuum negative pressure environment is <50Pa.

[0027] Preferably, the solute of the electrolyte includes lithium hexafluorophosphate, and the solvent is a mixture of one or more of propylene carbonate, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, dioxolane, diethyl carbonate or ethylene carbonate.

[0028] Preferably, when a gas-liquid separator is provided between the vacuum pump and the main exhaust pipe, step 7) and step 8) are performed simultaneously.

[0029] Preferably, the outer shell of each battery, the injection hole and the exhaust hole connected to the positive terminal are all made of metal, the electrolyte manifold and the electrolyte flow plate are both made of plastic, the injection pipe, the main injection pipeline, the exhaust branch pipeline and the main exhaust pipeline are all made of high-pressure resistant metal or plastic, and the injection flow meter, the injection control valve and the exhaust control valve can withstand negative pressure.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0031] 1. The primary lithium-based reserve battery and battery module provided by the present invention do not contain electrolyte, there is no ion channel between the positive and negative electrodes, there is no voltage and no leakage current between the positive and negative electrodes, and can be stored safely for a long time. It is only necessary to inject electrolyte into the battery to establish the positive and negative electrode voltage when activating the starter battery, so it is highly safe.

[0032] 2. The primary lithium storage battery provided by the present invention adopts a combination of an iron disulfide positive electrode sheet or a manganese oxide positive electrode sheet and a lithium negative electrode sheet, and has a high discharge rate and high specific energy. Since the primary lithium storage battery of the present invention does not contain an electrolyte, the safety of the battery under high weight specific energy conditions is guaranteed.

[0033] 3. The primary lithium-based reserve battery provided by the present invention has an injection hole connected to the positive terminal connected to an injection tube in the center of the battery through an injection hole of an electrolyte busbar. The injection tube penetrates into the bottom of the battery and is connected to an injection hole of an electrolyte flow-distributing sheet. Grooves are provided on the electrolyte busbar and the electrolyte flow-distributing sheet to facilitate rapid penetration of the electrolyte.

[0034] 4. In a battery module composed of primary lithium-based reserve batteries prepared by the method of the present invention, the injection pipelines of all battery cells are connected in parallel, the injection path is short, the injection speed is fast, the injection is performed under vacuum negative pressure conditions, the electrolyte injection speed is fast, the electrolyte has good wettability with the diaphragm, positive and negative electrodes, and the discharge characteristics are good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a primary lithium-based safety reserve battery of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of electrolyte flow-through;

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the electrolyte busbar;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a lithium battery module and battery startup and activation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention does not contain electrolyte at the initial stage of primary lithium battery preparation, completely cuts off the ion conduction path, and eliminates the steps of extracting electrolyte and drying compared with the prior art. It is difficult to completely clean the electrolyte residue after extracting the electrode liquid and drying. Therefore, the present invention does not contain electrolyte. The primary lithium storage battery has a better blocking effect on ions before injection. The lithium storage battery uses a composite lithium sheet as the negative electrode and belongs to the primary lithium battery series.

[0040] The battery module composed of the primary lithium battery of the present invention has a fast startup speed. The specific scheme is described as follows:

[0041] (1) The primary lithium storage battery structure provided by the present invention mainly includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a diaphragm, an electrolyte flow-distributing sheet, an electrolyte manifold, a battery shell (negative terminal), a positive terminal, and an injection hole and an exhaust hole connected to the positive terminal of the battery. The injection hole connected to the positive terminal is connected to the injection tube in the center of the battery through the injection hole of the electrolyte manifold. The injection tube penetrates into the bottom of the battery and is connected to the injection hole of the electrolyte flow-distributing sheet. The exhaust hole connected to the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the inside of the battery through the exhaust hole of the electrolyte manifold. The battery does not contain electrolyte. The positive electrode sheet is prepared by combining an aluminum foil current collector with iron disulfide or manganese oxide and a conductive agent positive electrode material and an adhesive. The negative electrode sheet is prepared by a copper foil or nickel sheet composite metal lithium sheet. The positive electrode sheet, negative electrode sheet and separator are wound alternately into a cylindrical battery core with moderate winding tightness, leaving 10-40% of void ratio to allow expansion space for the battery cell when the battery is started and the electrolyte is injected.

[0042] Primary lithium reserve batteries do not contain electrolyte.

[0043] A liquid injection hole is set at the positive terminal of the primary lithium reserve battery, and is connected to the bottom of the battery through a liquid injection tube. At the same time, an exhaust hole is set at the positive terminal and is connected to the inside of the battery.

[0044] The filling hole of the primary lithium reserve battery is connected to the bottom of the battery through the filling pipe, and the exhaust hole is located at the top of the battery. When the battery is activated, the electrolyte is injected from the bottom of the battery.

[0045] The battery casing and liquid injection vent are made of metal and can withstand negative pressure of -0.1MPa without deformation.

[0046] (2) The primary lithium-based reserve battery provided by the present invention does not contain electrolyte, lithium ions cannot move during storage, there is no leakage between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, the battery has a long storage life and high safety. When the battery needs to be started, electrolyte can be filled into the battery through the injection hole to activate the battery and establish a voltage between the positive and negative electrodes.

[0047] (3) The primary lithium-based reserve battery provided by the present invention is used to form a battery module, and the injection holes of each single battery are connected in parallel to the main injection pipeline through the injection branch pipeline. The main injection pipeline is provided with an injection flowmeter, an injection control valve and an injection pump, and the injection pump is connected to the electrolyte storage tank; the exhaust holes of each single battery are connected in parallel to the main exhaust pipeline through the exhaust branch pipeline, and a gas-liquid separator and an exhaust control valve are provided on the main exhaust pipeline, and the exhaust control valve is connected to the vacuum pump through the exhaust pipeline. After the battery module, the injection and the exhaust pipeline are connected, the vacuum pump is started to extract the gas inside the single battery in the module and in the connecting pipeline to establish a vacuum negative pressure environment.

[0048] The liquid injection pipeline and exhaust pipeline are made of high-pressure resistant metal or plastic. The liquid injection flow meter, exhaust flow meter, liquid injection control valve, and exhaust control valve can withstand a negative pressure of -0.1MPa.

[0049] (4) When starting a lithium battery or battery module, directly open the electrolyte injection solenoid control valve, and inject electrolyte into each primary lithium reserve battery in the module in parallel through the injection pipeline, and detect the amount of electrolyte injection through the injection flowmeter. Since the injection pipelines of each battery cell are connected in parallel, the injection path is short, and a vacuum negative pressure environment has been established inside the battery before starting, the electrolyte injection speed is fast, the electrolyte has good wettability with the diaphragm, positive and negative electrodes, and the discharge characteristics are good.

[0050] The negative pressure environment is <50Pa.

[0051] The electrolyte, whose solute includes lithium hexafluorophosphate electrolyte, and whose solvent is a mixture of one or more of propylene carbonate PC, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether DME, dioxolane DOL, diethyl carbonate or ethylene carbonate.

[0052] (5) When activating and starting the primary lithium battery or battery module, the vacuum pump can be used to evacuate gas and inject liquid at the same time. The electrolyte storage tank is connected to the injection pump, the injection control valve and the injection flow meter in sequence, and the injection flow meter is connected to the injection main pipeline. The injection tank is built with the electrolyte required for primary injection. A gas-liquid separator is set between the vacuum pump and the exhaust main pipeline to prevent the electrolyte from being extracted when the vacuum pump is evacuating gas.

[0053] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0054] In the following detailed description, only certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described by way of illustration. It is undoubted that those skilled in the art will recognize that the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claims.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a primary lithium-based storage battery. The schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the primary lithium-based safety storage battery is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown. The primary lithium battery includes a pressure-resistant metal shell, a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a separator, and a positive terminal and a negative terminal respectively connected to the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet and extending from the surface of the pressure-resistant metal shell. The positive electrode sheet of the primary lithium battery is prepared by combining an aluminum foil current collector with iron disulfide or manganese oxide and a conductive agent positive electrode material and an adhesive, and the negative electrode sheet is prepared by a copper foil or nickel sheet composite metal lithium sheet. The prepared primary lithium battery cell has no electrolyte. The battery also includes: an injection hole and an exhaust hole connected to the battery shell, the injection hole is connected to the injection tube in the center of the battery through the positive terminal, the injection tube extends into the bottom of the battery, and the exhaust hole is connected to the inside of the battery through the positive terminal cover of the battery.

[0057] The preparation method comprises:

[0058] Step 1) An electrolyte flow plate is arranged at the bottom of the battery, wherein a hole is arranged in the center of the electrolyte flow plate for connecting with the injection pipe, and a plurality of radial flow grooves are arranged around the electrolyte flow plate; the specific structure is as follows Figure 2 As shown;

[0059] Step 2) an electrolyte manifold is arranged at the positive end of the battery, wherein a hole is arranged in the center of the electrolyte manifold for the injection pipe to pass through, a plurality of radial manifold grooves are arranged around the electrolyte manifold, and a hole is arranged on the electrolyte manifold to communicate with the exhaust hole; the specific structure is as follows Figure 3 As shown;

[0060] Step 3) preparing a positive electrode of the battery by compounding iron disulfide, a conductive agent and an aluminum foil current collector, or manganese oxide, a conductive agent and an aluminum foil current collector, and preparing a negative electrode of the battery by compounding copper foil and metallic lithium, or nickel foil and metallic lithium;

[0061] Step 4) The positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the separator are alternately wound into a cylindrical battery roll core, which is attached between the injection tube and the inner wall of the battery shell, and a set void ratio is reserved. In one embodiment, the void ratio is 10-40%;

[0062] Step 5) connecting the injection hole to the main injection pipeline, setting an injection flow meter, an injection control valve and an injection pump on the main injection pipeline, and connecting the injection pump to the electrolyte storage tank;

[0063] Step 6) connecting the exhaust hole to the main exhaust pipeline through an exhaust branch pipeline, arranging a gas-liquid separator and an exhaust control valve on the main exhaust pipeline, and connecting the exhaust control valve to the vacuum pump through the exhaust pipeline;

[0064] Step 7) starting the vacuum pump to extract the gas inside the battery and the connecting pipes to create a vacuum negative pressure environment;

[0065] Step 8) When starting the battery, open the injection control valve and inject a set amount of electrolyte into the battery through the injection pipe to establish the battery operating voltage.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a primary lithium storage battery. The specific structure of the battery is the same as that of embodiment 1. The preparation method is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that when a gas-liquid separator is provided between the vacuum pump and the main exhaust pipe, step 7) and step 8) are performed simultaneously.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a primary lithium storage battery module. Figure 4 The module includes a plurality of primary lithium-based storage batteries, each of which includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a separator, a battery housing, a positive terminal, and a liquid injection hole and a vent hole connected to the positive terminal, wherein the liquid injection hole is connected to a liquid injection pipe at the center of the battery, and the liquid injection pipe penetrates into the bottom of the battery, and the battery does not contain an electrolyte, and the method includes:

[0070] (1) An electrolyte flow balancing plate is provided at the bottom of each battery, wherein a hole is provided at the center of the electrolyte flow balancing plate for connecting with the injection pipe, and a plurality of radial flow balancing grooves are provided around the plate;

[0071] (2) an electrolyte manifold is provided at the positive end of each battery, a hole is provided at the center of the electrolyte manifold for the injection tube to pass through, a plurality of radial manifold grooves are provided around the electrolyte manifold, and a hole is provided on the electrolyte manifold to communicate with the exhaust hole;

[0072] (3) using iron disulfide and a conductive agent and an aluminum foil current collector, or manganese oxide and a conductive agent and an aluminum foil current collector to prepare the positive electrode sheet of each battery, and using copper foil and metallic lithium, or nickel foil and metallic lithium to prepare the negative electrode sheet of each battery;

[0073] (4) For each of the batteries, the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the separator are alternately wound into a cylindrical battery roll core, which is attached between the injection tube and the inner wall of the battery shell, and a set void ratio is reserved; in one embodiment, the void ratio is 10-40%;

[0074] (5) Using iron disulfide and a conductive agent and an aluminum foil current collector, or manganese oxide and a conductive agent and an aluminum foil current collector to prepare a positive electrode sheet of the battery, and using copper foil and metallic lithium, or nickel sheet and metallic lithium to prepare a negative electrode sheet of the battery;

[0075] (6) The primary lithium-based reserve battery provided by the present invention is used to form a battery module, and the injection holes of each single battery are connected in parallel to the main injection pipeline through the injection branch pipeline. The main injection pipeline is provided with an injection flowmeter, an injection control valve and an injection pump; the exhaust holes of each single battery are connected in parallel to the main exhaust pipeline through the exhaust branch pipeline, and a gas-liquid separator and an exhaust control valve are provided on the main exhaust pipeline. The exhaust control valve is connected to a vacuum pump through the exhaust main pipeline. After the battery module, the injection and the exhaust pipeline are connected, the vacuum pump is started to extract the gas inside the single battery in the module and in the connecting pipeline to establish a vacuum negative pressure environment.

[0076] (7) When starting a lithium reserve battery or battery module, directly open the electrolyte injection control valve, start the injection pump, and inject electrolyte into each primary lithium battery in the module in parallel through the injection pipe. Since the injection pipes of each single battery are connected in parallel, the injection path is short, and a vacuum negative pressure environment has been established inside the battery before starting, the electrolyte injection speed is fast, the electrolyte has good wettability with the diaphragm, positive and negative electrodes, and the discharge characteristics are good.

[0077] Example 4

[0078] Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a primary lithium storage battery module.

[0079] (1) An electrolyte flow balancing plate is provided at the bottom of each battery, wherein a hole is provided at the center of the electrolyte flow balancing plate for connecting with the injection pipe, and a plurality of radial flow balancing grooves are provided around the plate;

[0080] (2) an electrolyte manifold is provided at the positive end of each battery, a hole is provided at the center of the electrolyte manifold for the injection tube to pass through, a plurality of radial manifold grooves are provided around the electrolyte manifold, and a hole is provided on the electrolyte manifold to communicate with the exhaust hole;

[0081] (3) using iron disulfide and a conductive agent and an aluminum foil current collector, or manganese oxide and a conductive agent and an aluminum foil current collector to prepare the positive electrode sheet of each battery, and using copper foil and metallic lithium, or nickel foil and metallic lithium to prepare the negative electrode sheet of each battery;

[0082] (4) For each of the batteries, the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the separator are alternately wound into a cylindrical battery roll core, which is attached between the injection tube and the inner wall of the battery shell, and a set void ratio is reserved. In one embodiment, the void ratio is 10-40%;

[0083] (5) Using iron disulfide and a conductive agent and an aluminum foil current collector, or manganese oxide and a conductive agent and an aluminum foil current collector to prepare a positive electrode sheet of the battery, and using copper foil and metallic lithium, or nickel sheet and metallic lithium to prepare a negative electrode sheet of the battery;

[0084] (6) The primary lithium-based storage battery provided by the present invention is used to form a battery module, and the injection holes of each single battery are connected in parallel to the main injection pipeline through the injection branch pipeline. The main injection pipeline is provided with an injection flow meter, an injection control valve and an injection pump; the exhaust holes of each single battery are connected in parallel to the main exhaust pipeline through the exhaust branch pipeline, and a gas-liquid separator and an exhaust control valve are provided on the main exhaust pipeline. The exhaust control valve is connected to the vacuum pump through the exhaust main pipeline.

[0085] (7) When starting the primary lithium-based storage battery or battery module, start the vacuum pump to pump air and inject liquid at the same time. The electrolyte storage tank is connected to the injection pump, which is connected to the injection control valve and the injection flow meter in sequence, and is connected to the injection main pipeline. The electrolyte storage tank contains the electrolyte required for primary injection. A gas-liquid separator is set between the vacuum pump and the exhaust main pipeline to prevent the electrolyte from being extracted when the vacuum pump is pumping air.

[0086] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solutions of the present invention does not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention and should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a primary lithium storage battery, the battery comprising a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a separator, a battery housing, a positive terminal, and a liquid injection hole and a vent hole connected to the positive terminal, wherein: The injection hole is connected to an injection tube at the center of the battery, the injection tube penetrates into the bottom of the battery, the battery does not contain electrolyte, and the method comprises: Step 1) an electrolyte flow balancing plate is arranged at the bottom of the battery, wherein a hole is arranged at the center of the electrolyte flow balancing plate for connecting with the injection pipe, and a plurality of radial flow balancing grooves are arranged around the plate; Step 2) an electrolyte manifold is provided at the positive end of the battery, wherein a hole is provided at the center of the electrolyte manifold for the injection pipe to pass through, a plurality of radial manifold grooves are provided around the electrolyte manifold, and a hole is provided on the electrolyte manifold to communicate with the exhaust hole; Step 3) preparing a positive electrode of the battery by compounding iron disulfide, a conductive agent and an aluminum foil current collector, or manganese oxide, a conductive agent and an aluminum foil current collector, and preparing a negative electrode of the battery by compounding copper foil and metallic lithium, or nickel foil and metallic lithium; Step 4) The positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the separator are alternately wound into a cylindrical battery roll core, which is attached between the injection tube and the inner wall of the battery shell, and a set void ratio is reserved; Step 5) Connect the injection hole to the main injection pipeline, set an injection flow meter, an injection control valve and an injection pump on the main injection pipeline, and connect the injection pump to the electrolyte storage tank; Step 6) Connect the exhaust hole to the main exhaust pipeline through the exhaust branch pipeline, set a gas-liquid separator and an exhaust control valve on the main exhaust pipeline, and connect the exhaust control valve to the vacuum pump through the exhaust pipeline; Step 7) Start the vacuum pump to extract the gas inside the battery and the connecting pipes to create a vacuum negative pressure environment; Step 8) When starting the battery, open the injection control valve and inject a set amount of electrolyte into the battery through the injection pipe to establish the battery operating voltage; When a gas-liquid separator is provided between the vacuum pump and the main exhaust pipe, step 7) and step 8) are performed simultaneously.

2. The method for manufacturing a primary lithium storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the separator are alternately wound into a cylindrical battery roll core, the void ratio of which is set to 10-40%, and the vacuum negative pressure environment is <50Pa.

3. The method for manufacturing a primary lithium storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solute of the electrolyte includes lithium hexafluorophosphate, and the solvent is a mixture of one or more of propylene carbonate, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, dioxolane, diethyl carbonate and ethylene carbonate.

4. The method for manufacturing a primary lithium storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery shell, the injection hole and the exhaust hole connected to the positive terminal are all made of metal, the electrolyte manifold and the electrolyte flow plate are both made of plastic, the injection pipe, the main injection pipeline, the exhaust branch pipeline and the main exhaust pipeline are all made of high-pressure resistant metal or plastic, and the injection flow meter, the injection control valve and the exhaust control valve can all withstand negative pressure.

5. A method for manufacturing a primary lithium storage battery module, wherein the module comprises a plurality of primary lithium storage batteries, each of which comprises a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a separator, a battery housing, a positive terminal, and a liquid injection hole and an exhaust hole connected to the positive terminal, wherein: The injection hole is connected to an injection tube at the center of the battery, the injection tube penetrates into the bottom of the battery, the battery does not contain electrolyte, and the method comprises: Step 1) an electrolyte flow balancing plate is arranged at the bottom of each battery, wherein a hole is arranged at the center of the electrolyte flow balancing plate for connecting with the injection pipe, and a plurality of radial flow balancing grooves are arranged around the plate; Step 2) an electrolyte manifold is provided at the positive end of each battery, wherein a hole is provided at the center of the electrolyte manifold for the injection pipe to pass through, a plurality of radial manifold grooves are provided around the electrolyte manifold, and a hole is provided on the electrolyte manifold to communicate with the exhaust hole; Step 3) preparing the positive electrode sheet of each battery by compounding iron disulfide with a conductive agent and an aluminum foil current collector, or manganese oxide with a conductive agent and an aluminum foil current collector, and preparing the negative electrode sheet of each battery by compounding copper foil with metallic lithium, or nickel sheet with metallic lithium; Step 4) For each of the batteries, the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the separator are alternately wound into a cylindrical battery roll core, which is attached between the injection tube and the inner wall of the battery shell, and a set void ratio is reserved; Step 5) connecting each of the injection holes connected to the positive terminal to a main injection pipeline, setting an injection flow meter, an injection control valve and an injection pump on the main injection pipeline, and connecting the injection pump to the electrolyte storage tank; Step 6) connecting each exhaust hole connected to the positive terminal to the main exhaust pipeline through an exhaust branch pipeline, arranging a gas-liquid separator and an exhaust control valve on the main exhaust pipeline, and connecting the exhaust control valve to the vacuum pump through the exhaust pipeline; Step 7) starting a vacuum pump to extract the gas inside each battery and in the connecting pipelines to create a vacuum negative pressure environment; Step 8) When starting the battery module, the injection control valve is opened, and a set amount of electrolyte is injected into each battery through the injection pipe to establish the working voltage of the battery module; When a gas-liquid separator is provided between the vacuum pump and the main exhaust pipe, step 7) and step 8) are performed simultaneously.

6. The method for manufacturing a primary lithium storage battery module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the separator are alternately wound into a cylindrical battery roll core, the void ratio of which is set to 10-40%, and the vacuum negative pressure environment is <50Pa.

7. The method for manufacturing a primary lithium storage battery module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The solute of the electrolyte includes lithium hexafluorophosphate, and the solvent is a mixture of one or more of propylene carbonate, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, dioxolane, diethyl carbonate and ethylene carbonate.

8. The method for manufacturing a primary lithium storage battery module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer shell of each battery, the injection hole and the exhaust hole connected to the positive terminal are all made of metal, the electrolyte manifold and the electrolyte flow plate are both made of plastic, the injection pipe, the main injection pipeline, the exhaust branch pipeline and the main exhaust pipeline are all made of high-pressure resistant metal or plastic, and the injection flow meter, the injection control valve and the exhaust control valve can withstand negative pressure.

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