A penetrating crystalline anti-permeation backer putty and a method for preparing the same

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of building materials, and discloses a kind of permeable crystalline type anti-permeable back water putty and a preparation method thereof.A kind of permeable crystalline type anti-permeable back water putty of the present application includes the following mass parts of raw materials: Portland cement 20-40 parts, composite fly ash 10-30 parts, active ingredient 10-30 parts, cellulose 1-10 parts, lubricant 1-5 parts and water reducing agent 1-5 parts.The permeable crystalline type anti-permeable back water putty prepared by the present application can repair existing cracks, has good anti-permeable waterproof performance, and requires low construction environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building materials technology, and more specifically, to a penetrating crystalline anti-seepage and backwater putty and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Extensive engineering practice has shown that water is a key factor affecting the safety, durability, stability, and functionality of buildings. Prolonged rainwater erosion can lead to steel reinforcement corrosion, reducing its strength and rigidity, and threatening personal safety. To avoid building leakage problems, waterproofing and seepage prevention construction techniques should be rationally applied in building projects to improve the overall impermeability of building structures, extend their service life, and prevent safety accidents.

[0003] Putty is a decorative material used to smooth wall surfaces. It is an essential building material before painting. It is applied over primer or directly to the object to remove unevenness and defects on the surface. If it has certain anti-seepage and waterproof properties, it can effectively improve the overall anti-seepage performance of the building structure.

[0004] Among existing putties, there is a type of penetrating crystalline water-resistant putty that utilizes penetrating crystallization to form dendritic crystals, blocking pores that allow water to seep in, thereby achieving waterproofing. However, existing penetrating crystalline water-resistant putties have drawbacks such as being unable to repair existing cracks and having high requirements for the construction environment. Therefore, providing a cement-based penetrating crystalline putty that can repair existing cracks and has lower requirements for the construction environment has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a penetrating crystalline anti-seepage and waterproof putty that can repair existing cracks, has good anti-seepage and waterproof performance, and has low requirements for the construction environment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] One of the technical solutions of this invention:

[0008] A penetrating crystalline anti-seepage and water-repellent putty, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts silicate cement, 10-30 parts composite fly ash, 10-30 parts active ingredients, 1-10 parts cellulose, 1-5 parts lubricant, and 1-5 parts water-reducing agent;

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, a penetrating crystalline anti-seepage and water-repellent putty paste comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts silicate cement, 20 parts composite fly ash, 20 parts active ingredients, 5 parts cellulose, 3 parts lubricant, and 3 parts water-reducing agent.

[0010] Furthermore, the composite fly ash is composed of fly ash and modified fly ash in a mass ratio of 4:1.

[0011] Furthermore, the modified fly ash is prepared by chemically coating the fly ash with a titanate coupling agent.

[0012] Furthermore, the mass-to-volume ratio of the fly ash to the titanate coupling agent is 1 g:(5-15) mL, and the chemical coating time is 30-60 min;

[0013] Preferably, the mass-to-volume ratio of fly ash to titanate coupling agent is 1 g: 10 mL, and the chemical coating time is 45 min.

[0014] This invention uses fly ash as a raw material, which can effectively improve the impermeability of putty and repair wall cracks, making the impermeability of cracked areas consistent with that of crack-free areas. Analysis shows that fly ash undergoes a hydration reaction under the stimulation of alkaline substances in the putty, forming a gel. This gel possesses gel properties, which can block water, thereby improving the impermeability of the putty to a certain extent. Furthermore, the gel formed after fly ash hydration exhibits a certain degree of fluidity under the action of water. This fluidity allows the fly ash gel to penetrate into wall cracks, filling them and repairing them. Moreover, the fly ash gel also exhibits a certain degree of adhesion under the action of water. This adhesion allows other components in the putty, such as calcium chloride and nano-silica, to form a good bond with the fly ash gel. When the fly ash gel enters the cracks, these other components are carried into the cracks, thereby improving the impermeability of the cracks.

[0015] This invention utilizes phthalate coupling agents to coat a portion of fly ash, effectively improving the impermeability of putty. Analysis reveals that natural fly ash has numerous hydrophilic groups on its surface, indicating high water absorption. This means that directly adding large amounts of natural fly ash to putty would cause it to absorb significant amounts of moisture from the atmosphere, reducing its impermeability. Therefore, modifying natural fly ash is necessary to improve its impermeability. However, this invention utilizes the gel formed by natural fly ash, requiring a reaction between the fly ash and water. Therefore, natural fly ash must be added to the raw materials. Based on this, some fly ash is modified. This modification allows the fly ash to form a gel, which can repair cracks and improve impermeability. It also reduces the water absorption of fly ash, thus improving the overall impermeability of the putty. In addition, since this invention coats the surface of the fly ash with a phthalate coupling agent, that is, coats the surface of the fly ash with a layer of hydrophobic groups, the modified fly ash will diffuse to the surface of the putty layer during curing after the putty is applied. Due to the presence of hydrophobic groups, a relatively dense hydrophobic layer will be formed on the surface of the putty layer, effectively inhibiting water from entering the putty layer, thereby improving the impermeability of the putty.

[0016] This invention combines fly ash and modified fly ash at a mass ratio of 4:1, which can save raw materials to the greatest extent while ensuring the impermeability of the putty. Analysis shows that the amount of modified fly ash used is only enough to form a hydrophobic layer. Adding too much will only waste the phthalate coupling agent. Moreover, reducing the amount of fly ash may lead to a reduction in the amount of gel, which is not conducive to the repair of cracks and reduces the impermeability.

[0017] Furthermore, the active ingredient comprises the following parts by weight: 5-15 parts calcium chloride, 3-9 parts nano silica, 1-3 parts citric acid, and 1-3 parts sodium aluminosilicate;

[0018] Preferably, the active ingredients comprise the following components by weight: 10 parts calcium chloride, 6 parts nano silica, 2 parts citric acid, and 2 parts sodium aluminosilicate.

[0019] This invention uses calcium chloride as a penetrating crystallization masterbatch, citric acid as a penetration promoter, sodium aluminosilicate as a crystallization promoter, and adds nano-silica. The combined effect of these four ingredients effectively improves the impermeability of the putty. Analysis shows that:

[0020] Calcium chloride has excellent permeability, allowing it to effectively penetrate into the tiny pores of putty and concrete. Furthermore, calcium chloride can react with the hydration products of alkaline substances in putty or concrete to form dendritic crystals. These crystals can fill the pores of the putty or concrete. Therefore, adding calcium chloride to putty allows it to quickly penetrate the pores of the putty or concrete, react with alkaline substances to form dendritic crystals, and block the pores, thereby improving the putty's impermeability.

[0021] Nano-silica exhibits excellent dispersibility. When added to putty, it disperses well within the putty layer. As the putty cures, it forms a network structure that stabilizes the dendritic crystals formed by calcium chloride within the putty layer. Furthermore, nano-silica can also combine with the dendritic crystals, making their crystal structure even more stable. Therefore, the addition of nano-silica stabilizes the crystals both by stabilizing the dendritic crystals themselves and by stabilizing their position within the putty, effectively improving the putty's impermeability.

[0022] Studies have shown that the crystals formed by nano-silica and calcium chloride have a good stabilizing effect, while the use of other nanomaterials or penetrating crystallization masterbatches has not achieved the same anti-permeability effect as the use of nano-silica and calcium chloride.

[0023] Citric acid, as an organic acid, can lower the pH value of the environment during calcium chloride penetration, thereby promoting the penetration of calcium chloride in putty and concrete. This allows the calcium chloride masterbatch to form crystals more deeply, achieving a high level of impermeability. In addition, citric acid can also chelate with some calcium chloride to form stable calcium citrate crystals, which can also block the pores to a certain extent and improve the impermeability.

[0024] If other permeation enhancers are used, such as oxalic acid, although it can also lower the pH of the permeation environment, it cannot achieve chelation and its anti-permeation effect is not as good as that of citric acid.

[0025] Sodium aluminosilicate has good crystallization induction ability, which enables calcium chloride to form dendritic crystals more quickly, thereby improving the impermeability of putty; moreover, sodium aluminosilicate also has good water-binding properties, that is, in the presence of water, sodium aluminosilicate can form sodium aluminosilicate crystals, which block micropores and improve the impermeability of putty.

[0026] This invention adds calcium chloride, nano-silica, citric acid, and sodium aluminosilicate together. The four components work synergistically to form a large number of stable crystals, which effectively block the micropores in putty and concrete, and significantly improve the impermeability of the putty.

[0027] The second technical solution of this invention:

[0028] The preparation method of the above-mentioned penetrating crystalline anti-seepage and water-repellent putty includes the following steps:

[0029] Weigh each raw material according to the stated mass proportions, mix the silicate cement, fly ash and calcium chloride to obtain mixture A, then premix the modified fly ash, nano silica, citric acid and sodium aluminosilicate to obtain mixture B, and finally mix mixture A, mixture B, cellulose, lubricant and water-reducing agent to obtain the penetrating crystalline anti-seepage backwater putty.

[0030] This invention premixes the penetrating crystallization masterbatch with silicate cement and fly ash, which can effectively disperse the penetrating crystallization masterbatch. Secondly, the modified fly ash, nano silica, citric acid and sodium aluminosilicate are premixed and then added, which can help the modified fly ash form a hydrophobic layer, the nano silica form a network structure, and the citric acid and sodium aluminosilicate can better promote the penetration and crystallization of the penetrating crystallization masterbatch.

[0031] The third technical solution of the present invention:

[0032] The above-mentioned penetrating crystalline anti-seepage backing putty is used in wall construction.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] 1) This invention uses fly ash as raw material, which can effectively repair cracks and improve the waterproof performance of cracks;

[0035] 2) This invention utilizes modified fly ash to form a hydrophobic layer, which effectively improves the impermeability of the putty;

[0036] 3) This invention adds calcium chloride, nano-silica, citric acid and sodium aluminosilicate together, and the four play a synergistic role, which significantly improves the impermeability of the putty. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Unless otherwise specified, the term "part" in this invention refers to parts by weight; in the following examples, the raw materials are weighed according to 1 part = 1g.

[0039] In the following embodiments, a penetrating crystalline anti-seepage and water-repellent putty paste includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of silicate cement, 10-30 parts of composite fly ash, 10-30 parts of active ingredients, 1-10 parts of cellulose, 1-5 parts of lubricant, and 1-5 parts of water-reducing agent.

[0040] Among them, the composite fly ash is composed of fly ash and modified fly ash in a mass ratio of 4:1;

[0041] The modified fly ash is prepared by chemically coating the fly ash with a titanate coupling agent, wherein the mass-volume ratio of fly ash to titanate coupling agent is 1g:10mL, and the chemical coating time is 45min.

[0042] The active ingredients consist of the following components by weight: 5-15 parts calcium chloride, 3-9 parts nano silica, 1-3 parts citric acid, and 1-3 parts sodium aluminosilicate.

[0043] In the following embodiments, the silicate cement is white silicate cement purchased from Jinan Zhongxin Chemical Co., Ltd.; the fly ash is secondary bagged fly ash purchased from Lingshou Shuntian Mining; the phthalate coupling agent is industrial-grade titanate coupling agent purchased from Zhengzhou Wanchuang Chemical Products Co., Ltd.; the silica is nano silica purchased from Hubei Huifu Nanomaterials Co., Ltd.; the cellulose is carboxypropyl methylcellulose purchased from Renqiu Shangxiang Environmental Protection Materials Factory; the lubricant is thixotropic lubricant for gypsum cement mortar purchased from Jinan Junhai Chemical Co., Ltd.; and the water-reducing agent is polycarboxylate water-reducing agent purchased from Jinan Junhai Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] A penetrating crystalline anti-seepage and water-repellent putty

[0046] 1) Weigh each raw material according to the mass fractions recorded in Table 1, 1#;

[0047] 2) Take 1 / 5 of the fly ash weighed in step 1), and chemically coat the fly ash with a titanate coupling agent to obtain modified fly ash; wherein, the mass-volume ratio of fly ash to titanate coupling agent is 1g:10mL, and the chemical coating time is 45min.

[0048] 3) Premix the silicate cement, remaining fly ash and calcium chloride weighed in step 1), stir for 30 minutes to obtain mixture A;

[0049] 4) Premix the modified fly ash obtained in step 2) with the nano silica, citric acid and sodium aluminosilicate weighed in step 1), stir for 30 min to obtain mixture B;

[0050] 5) Mix the mixture A obtained in step 3), the mixture B obtained in step 4), cellulose, lubricant and water-reducing agent together and stir for 30 minutes to obtain the penetrating crystalline anti-seepage backwater putty.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] A penetrating crystalline anti-seepage and water-repellent putty

[0053] Same as Example 1, except that each raw material is weighed according to the mass fractions recorded in Table 1, 2#.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] A penetrating crystalline anti-seepage and water-repellent putty

[0056] Same as Example 1, except that each raw material is weighed according to the mass fractions recorded in Table 1, 3#.

[0057] Table 1 Raw material usage (parts)

[0058]

[0059] Comparative Example 1

[0060] A type of water-repellent putty

[0061] 1) Weigh each raw material according to the mass fractions recorded in Table 1, 1#;

[0062] 2) Premix the silicate cement, fly ash and calcium chloride weighed in step 1), stir for 30 minutes to obtain mixture A;

[0063] 3) Premix the nano-silica, citric acid and sodium aluminosilicate weighed in step 1) and stir for 30 minutes to obtain mixture B;

[0064] 4) Mix the mixture A obtained in step 2), the mixture B obtained in step 3), cellulose, lubricant and water-reducing agent together and stir for 30 minutes to obtain the backwater putty paste.

[0065] Comparative Example 2

[0066] A type of water-repellent putty

[0067] Same as Example 1, except that: step 2) involves taking 1 / 4 of the fly ash weighed in step 1) and chemically coating it with phthalate coupling agent.

[0068] Comparative Example 3

[0069] A type of water-repellent putty

[0070] Same as Example 1, except that: step 2) involves taking 1 / 6 of the fly ash weighed in step 1) and chemically coating it with phthalate coupling agent.

[0071] Comparative Example 4

[0072] A type of water-repellent putty

[0073] Same as Example 1, except that: step 1) is to weigh each raw material according to the mass fractions recorded in Table 2.

[0074] Comparative Example 5

[0075] A type of water-repellent putty

[0076] Same as Example 1, except that: step 1) is to weigh each raw material according to the mass fractions recorded in Table 2@.

[0077] Comparative Example 6

[0078] A type of water-repellent putty

[0079] Same as Example 1, except that: step 1) is to weigh each raw material according to the mass fractions recorded in Table 2, 3@.

[0080] Comparative Example 7

[0081] A type of water-repellent putty

[0082] Same as Example 1, except that sodium silicate is used instead of calcium chloride.

[0083] Comparative Example 8

[0084] A type of water-repellent putty

[0085] Same as Example 1, except that nano-calcium oxide is used instead of nano-silica.

[0086] Comparative Example 9

[0087] A type of water-repellent putty

[0088] Same as Example 1, except that oxalic acid is used instead of citric acid.

[0089] Table 2 Raw material usage (parts)

[0090]

[0091] Effect verification:

[0092] The performance of the backwater putty prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-9 was tested according to the method described in the national standard GB18445-2012. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0093] Table 3 Performance Tests

[0094] Example 1 3.21 2.35 Example 2 3.18 2.33 Example 3 3.20 2.32 Comparative Example 1 2.81 1.68 Comparative Example 2 3.20 2.35 Comparative Example 3 2.94 1.70 Comparative Example 4 2.43 1.31 Comparative Example 5 2.38 1.35 Comparative Example 6 2.37 1.32 Comparative Example 7 2.55 1.47 Comparative Example 8 2.43 1.53 Comparative Example 9 2.39 1.46

[0095] The adhesive materials prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-9 were subjected to waterproofing and seepage resistance tests at cracks. The test method was as follows: reference specimens were prepared according to the method described in the national standard GB18445-2012, and cracks were formed on the reference specimens (ensuring that cracks of 50 mm, 75 mm, 100 mm, 125 mm, 150 mm and 175 mm were present on the surface of the reference specimens, respectively). Then, the reference specimens with cracks were used as test specimens, and whether the test specimens leaked water was observed under the corresponding waterproofing pressure measured in Table 3. The test results are shown in Table 4.

[0096] Table 4. Water resistance pressure test at cracks

[0097] Example 1 0 0 0 0 0 Example 2 0 0 0 0 0 Example 3 0 0 0 0 0 Comparative Example 1 0 0 1 1 1 Comparative Example 2 0 0 0 1 1 Comparative Example 3 0 0 0 0 1 Comparative Example 4 0 1 1 2 2 Comparative Example 5 0 0 1 1 2 Comparative Example 6 0 0 1 1 2 Comparative Example 7 0 0 0 1 1 Comparative Example 8 0 0 0 1 1 Comparative Example 9 0 0 0 0 1

[0098] Note: 0 indicates no leakage, 1 indicates slight leakage, and 2 indicates severe leakage.

[0099] As can be seen from Tables 3 and 4, the penetrating crystalline anti-seepage backing putty prepared by the present invention has good anti-seepage performance and can effectively repair cracks. Further measurement of the repair crack width shows that it can repair cracks below 275mm, which is far superior to existing cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coatings (such as Langkaiqi cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating, which can only repair cracks below 40mm).

[0100] As shown in Comparative Example 1, omitting the modification of fly ash significantly reduces its impermeability and its ability to repair cracks.

[0101] As shown in Comparative Example 2, increasing the proportion of modified fly ash does not affect the impermeability of crack-free walls, but it does have a certain impact on the impermeability at crack locations.

[0102] As shown in Comparative Example 3, reducing the proportion of modified fly ash significantly reduces the impermeability, and due to the overall decrease in impermeability, the impermeability at the cracks is also reduced.

[0103] As can be seen from Comparative Examples 4 to 9, the combined addition of calcium chloride, nano-silica, citric acid, and sodium aluminosilicate can exert a synergistic effect. Omitting one of them or replacing one of the raw materials with other raw materials with similar effects will not achieve the technical effect of this invention.

[0104] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A penetrating crystalline anti-seepage and water-repellent putty, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 20-40 parts silicate cement, 10-30 parts composite fly ash, 10-30 parts active ingredients, 1-10 parts cellulose, 1-5 parts lubricant, and 1-5 parts water-reducing agent; The composite fly ash is composed of fly ash and modified fly ash in a mass ratio of 4:

1. The active ingredients comprise the following parts by weight: 5-15 parts calcium chloride, 3-9 parts nano silica, 1-3 parts citric acid, and 1-3 parts sodium aluminosilicate. The modified fly ash is prepared by chemically coating the fly ash with a phthalate coupling agent.

2. A method for preparing a penetrating crystalline anti-seepage and backwater putty as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Weigh each raw material according to the stated mass proportions, mix the silicate cement, fly ash and calcium chloride to obtain mixture A, then premix the modified fly ash, nano silica, citric acid and sodium aluminosilicate to obtain mixture B, and finally mix mixture A, mixture B, cellulose, lubricant and water-reducing agent to obtain the penetrating crystalline anti-seepage backwater putty.

3. The application of the penetrating crystalline anti-seepage backing putty as described in claim 1 in wall construction.

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