A cross-shaped filling mechanism and a filling machine

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cross-shaped filling mechanism and a filling machine, belonging to the technical field of filling equipment and being used in piston-type filling equipment. It includes a cross-shaped housing with an internal cavity structure and four openings distributed in a cross shape, namely a first opening, a second opening, a third opening, and a fourth opening. Among them, the first opening and the third opening are oppositely arranged, and the second opening and the fourth opening are oppositely arranged. It further includes a valve core movably connected to the third opening. The valve core includes a blocking portion and a material guiding portion sequentially distributed along the axial direction of the valve core. The material guiding portion is provided with a material guiding channel through which materials can pass. The blocking portion of the valve core is configured to be able to block the first opening or the fourth opening through linear reciprocating motion. By designing the valve core that can perform linear reciprocating motion to cooperate with the openings of the cross-shaped housing, the present invention can achieve quantitative filling. At the same time, the valve core has a simple structure and a simple movement path, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly, and has excellent cleanliness and maintainability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of filling equipment, and specifically relates to a cross-shaped filling mechanism and a filling machine. Background Art

[0002] Currently, due to structural problems, there are sanitary dead corners in piston (plunger) type metering filling machines, such as the rotary valve sealing part and the gap position, which need to be disassembled for cleaning and disinfection. The patent with publication number CN219323126U and name "A filling machine with a piston mechanism convenient for disassembly" discloses a rotary valve structure, specifically: "A reversing valve is provided inside the valve body base, and the reversing valve is rotatably connected to the valve body base. The reversing valve is provided with a first material port and a second material port that are connected. When the first material port is connected to the feed port, the second material port is connected to the piston port. Rotate the reversing valve. When the first material port is connected to the feed port and the second material port is connected to the piston port, by pulling the piston rod through the piston power assembly, when the piston rod moves away from the valve body base, the material entering from the feed port can be extracted and stored in the reversing valve and the valve body base. Then rotate the reversing valve so that the first material port is connected to the piston port and the second material port is connected to the discharge port. By pushing the piston rod through the piston power assembly, when the piston rod moves towards the valve body base, the material located in the reversing valve and the valve body base can be pushed towards the discharge port." Most of the existing filling machine rotary valves adopt this structure. This rotary valve mechanism is complex, difficult to disassemble, difficult to clean or disinfect, and repeated disassembly is likely to cause damage to components. Employees also need relatively high operating skills, and the disassembly time is long, wasting a large amount of manpower and material resources. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cross-shaped filling mechanism and a filling machine, which can solve the technical problem of difficult disassembly of the valve body for cleaning and disinfection mentioned in the above background art.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A cross-shaped filling mechanism for a piston type filling device, including a cross-shaped housing with a cavity structure inside, provided with four openings distributed in a cross shape, namely a first opening, a second opening, a third opening, and a fourth opening, wherein the first opening and the third opening are oppositely arranged, and the second opening and the fourth opening are oppositely arranged. It also includes a valve core movably connected to the third opening. The valve core includes a blocking part and a material guiding part sequentially distributed along the axial direction of the valve core. The material guiding part is provided with a material guiding channel through which the material can pass. The blocking part of the valve core is configured to be able to block the first opening or the fourth opening through linear reciprocating motion.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment, the cross-shaped filling mechanism further includes a driving cylinder, which is detachably connected to the end of the third opening through a fixed housing, and the piston rod of the driving cylinder is connected to the valve core. The driving cylinder is used to drive the valve core to perform linear reciprocating motion. At the same time, the detachable connection between the fixed housing and the third opening also facilitates the detachment of the driving cylinder and the valve core connected thereto.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the outer diameter of the valve core is smaller than the inner diameter of the first opening, and the difference between the inner diameter of the first opening and the outer diameter of the valve core is less than 20 μm; or the outer diameter of the valve core is larger than the inner diameter of the first opening. This setting can ensure the blocking effect of the valve core on the first opening.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the second opening and the fourth opening are horizontally distributed, and the top surface height of the fourth opening is lower than the top surface height of the second opening. This setting can leave a feeding space for the second opening when the valve core blocks the fourth opening, and the material can still enter the second opening through the first opening.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the height h1 of the blocking portion of the valve core should satisfy: the inner diameter of the fourth opening < h1 < the inner diameter of the second opening. This setting can enable the blocking portion of the valve core to form a full-coverage block when blocking the fourth opening; when blocking the first opening, it only forms a partial block on the second opening, so that the guiding channel of the guiding portion communicates with the second opening.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the outer diameter of the valve core is smaller than the inner diameter of the third opening, and the difference between the inner diameter of the third opening and the outer diameter of the valve core is less than 20 μm, and self-sealing is formed by the viscosity and surface tension of the material in the gap.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, an annular groove for sleeving a sealing member is provided at the lower end of the valve core. Connecting the sealing member can further ensure the matching tightness between the valve core and the cross-shaped housing and prevent material leakage.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the difference between the inner diameter of the third opening and the outer diameter of the valve core is greater than or equal to 5 mm. A first convex portion matching the outer diameter of the valve core is provided along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the end of the third opening, and a fifth opening is provided at a position slightly lower than the side end of the third opening. This solution can realize the on-line cleaning of the valve core and ensure the tightness during the feeding and discharging processes.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a second convex portion is further provided along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the lower end of the third opening. The inner diameter of the second convex portion matches the outer diameter of the valve core, and a second sealing ring is connected to the inner wall of the second convex portion. The fifth opening is provided above the second convex portion. The second convex portion and the second sealing ring are used to prevent the cleaning liquid from flowing out from the bottom end of the third opening.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a technical solution for a filling machine, which includes the cross-shaped filling mechanism described in any of the above solutions, and further includes: a material storage tank, the outlet pipeline of which is detachably connected to the first opening; a piston assembly, the piston cylinder of the piston assembly is detachably connected to the second opening; a filling assembly, the filling nozzle pipeline of which is detachably connected to the fourth opening.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] 1. The present invention adopts a specially designed cross-shaped filling mechanism, which is detachably connected to each module of the filling machine, facilitating disassembly, cleaning, maintenance and repair. In the cross-shaped filling mechanism, the valve core capable of linear reciprocating motion cooperates with the openings of the cross-shaped housing, enabling quantitative filling. At the same time, the valve core not only has a simple structure, but also a simple movement path, which is convenient for disassembly and has excellent cleanliness and maintainability.

[0016] 2. Based on the simple cylindrical structure of the valve core, by providing a fifth opening at the side end of the third opening and further defining the difference between the outer diameter of the valve core and the inner diameter of the third opening, on-line cleaning of the valve core can be achieved, and the cleaning effect can be guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the filling machine based on the cross-shaped filling mechanism of Embodiment 1 of the present invention in the feeding state;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the filling machine based on the cross-shaped filling mechanism of Embodiment 1 of the present invention in the discharging state;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cross-shaped housing in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the valve core in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the filling machine based on the cross-shaped filling mechanism of Embodiment 2 of the present invention in the feeding state;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the filling machine based on the cross-shaped filling mechanism of Embodiment 2 of the present invention in the discharging state;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the filling machine based on the cross-shaped filling mechanism of Embodiment 2 of the present invention in the cleaning state;

[0024] Figure 8Structural schematic diagram of the cross-shaped housing in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 Structural schematic diagram of the valve core in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 Cross-sectional view of the valve core in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 11 A mating structural schematic diagram of the valve core and the cross-shaped housing in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] The meanings of each label in the figure are as follows:

[0029] 1. Cross-shaped housing; 11. First opening; 12. Second opening; 13. Third opening; 131. First convex portion; 132. First sealing ring; 133. Second convex portion; 134. Second sealing ring; 14. Fourth opening; 15. Fifth opening; 2. Valve core; 21. Blocking portion; 22. Material guiding portion; 221. Material guiding channel; 23. Connecting portion; 231. Annular groove; 3. Driving cylinder; 4. Fixed housing; 5. Quick-release chuck assembly; 6. Material storage tank; 7. Piston assembly; 71. Piston cylinder; 72. Piston assembly; 73. Driving member; 8. Filling assembly; 81. Filling nozzle pipeline; 82. Filling valve. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] The following refers to Figures 1-4 to describe the first embodiment of the present invention in detail.

[0034] This embodiment discloses a cross-shaped filling mechanism for piston filling equipment, including a cross-shaped housing 1 with a generally cross-shaped structure and a movable valve core 2 disposed in the cross-shaped housing 1.

[0035] Combined with Figures 1-3 , the interior of the cross-shaped housing 1 is a cavity, which is provided with four openings distributed in a cross shape, namely a first opening 11, a second opening 12, a third opening 13 and a fourth opening 14. Among them, the vertically distributed first opening 11 and the third opening 13 are oppositely arranged, and the horizontally distributed second opening 12 and the fourth opening 14 are oppositely arranged. The first opening 11 is used to connect the material storage tank 6 of the filling equipment, the second opening 12 is used to connect the piston cylinder 71 of the filling equipment, the third opening 13 is used to connect the valve core 2, and the fourth opening 14 is used to connect the filling nozzle pipeline 81 of the filling equipment.

[0036] In this embodiment, each opening of the cross-shaped housing 1 is a circular pipeline structure, which is convenient for joining with other equipment or structures. Further, the valve core 2 is a cylindrical structure, which is connected in the third opening 13 and is coaxial with the third opening 13. The valve core 2 is configured to be able to selectively block the first opening 11 or block the fourth opening 14 through reciprocating up and down movement. When the valve core 2 blocks the fourth opening 14, the fourth opening 14 is closed, and the first opening 11 and the second opening 12 are communicated, and the material can enter the piston cylinder 71 through the first opening 11 and the second opening 12; when the valve core 2 blocks the first opening 11, the first opening 11 is closed, and the fourth opening 14 and the second opening 12 are communicated, and the material inhaled in the piston cylinder 71 enters the filling nozzle pipeline 81 through the second opening 12 and the fourth opening 14.

[0037] Specifically, the cross-shaped housing 1 is formed by hard alloy casting or pipe welding. After cutting and processing, the inner walls of the vertical parts, that is, the inner walls of the first opening 11 and the third opening 13, are designed with mirror polishing, and the surface finish is less than 0.4um; the valve core 2 is made of hard alloy or ceramic material, and the outer wall of the valve core 2 that cooperates with the inner wall of the cross-shaped housing 1 is also designed with mirror polishing, and the surface finish is less than 0.4um.

[0038] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the valve core 2 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the third opening 13, and the two are in clearance fit, and the clearance is less than 20um, that is, the difference between the inner diameter of the third opening 13 and the outer diameter of the valve core 2 is less than 20um, and the self-sealing is formed by the viscosity and surface tension of the material in the clearance. Preferably, a circular groove 231 for sleeving a sealing member is further provided at the lower end of the valve core 2, and the cooperation tightness between the valve core 2 and the cross-shaped housing 1 can be further ensured by connecting the sealing member to prevent material leakage.

[0039] The structure of the valve core 2 is as Figure 4As shown in the figure, it includes a blocking portion 21, a material guiding portion 22, and a connecting portion 23 that are sequentially distributed along the axial direction of the valve core 2. The three are integrally formed structures. Among them, the material guiding portion 22 is provided with a material guiding channel 221 through which materials can pass. The material guiding channel 221 is configured as a circular through hole, and the through hole is horizontally arranged, that is, the axis of the through hole is perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical valve core 2. When the blocking portion 21 of the valve core 2 blocks the first opening 11, the material guiding channel 221 of the material guiding portion 22 connects the fourth opening 14 and the second opening 12, so that the materials in the piston cylinder 71 can be smoothly exported.

[0040] In this embodiment, the cross-shaped filling mechanism further includes a driving cylinder 3 connected to the connecting portion 23 of the valve core 2. Specifically, the top end of the driving cylinder 3 is connected with a fixed housing 4 through a bolt group, and the fixed housing 4 is connected to the end of the third opening 13 through a quick-install chuck assembly 5. The quick-install chuck assembly 5 in this embodiment belongs to the prior art and includes a sanitary chuck, a gasket, and a clamp. The piston rod of the driving cylinder 3 is threadedly connected to the internal threaded hole at the bottom end of the connecting portion 23 of the valve core 2, and the valve core 2 is pushed to move up and down reciprocally through the driving cylinder 3. In this embodiment, the driving cylinder 3 can adopt a linear driving structure such as a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric cylinder.

[0041] The cross-shaped filling mechanism provided in this embodiment is very convenient to operate. By controlling the reciprocating movement of the valve core 2 through the driving cylinder 3, the switching of materials between different outlets can be realized, and the smooth import and export can be achieved. At the same time, this structure is convenient for disassembly, cleaning, and maintenance. By disassembling the quick-install chuck assembly 5, the valve core 2 connected to the piston rod of the cylinder can be taken out for cleaning, and both cleaning and maintenance are very convenient.

[0042] It should be noted that, to ensure smooth operation, in this embodiment, the matching relationship between the valve core 2 and the cross-shaped housing 1 should satisfy:

[0043] The matching relationship between the valve core 2 and the first opening 11 should satisfy: For example, Figure 11 , the outer diameter of the valve core 2 is greater than the inner diameter of the first opening 11, so that the valve core 2 can form a full-coverage block on the first opening 11 to prevent material leakage; or for example, Figure 1 Or Figure 2 As shown in the structure, the valve core 2 and the first opening 11 are coaxial, the outer diameter of the valve core 2 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the first opening 11, and the difference between the inner diameter of the first opening 11 and the outer diameter of the valve core 2 is less than 20um. The self-sealing is formed by the viscosity and surface tension of the materials in the gap;

[0044] The matching relationship between the valve core 2 and the fourth opening 14 should satisfy: the diameter of the valve core 2 should be greater than the inner diameter of the fourth opening 14, so that the valve core 2 can form a full-coverage block on the fourth opening 14; at the same time, the height h1 of the blocking portion 21 of the valve core 2 should be greater than the inner diameter of the fourth opening 14 to prevent material leakage;

[0045] On the other hand, in the cross-shaped housing 1, the top surface height of the fourth opening 14 is lower than the top surface height of the second opening 12. With this arrangement, when the valve core 2 blocks the fourth opening 14, a feeding space can still be left for the second opening 12, and the material can still enter the second opening 12 through the first opening 11. The height h1 of the blocking portion 21 of the valve core 2 should satisfy: the inner diameter of the fourth opening 14 < h1 < the inner diameter of the second opening 12, so that when the blocking portion 21 of the valve core 2 blocks the fourth opening 14, it forms a full-coverage blockage for it; when blocking the first opening 11, it only forms a partial blockage for the second opening 12, and further enables the material guiding channel 221 of the material guiding portion 22 to communicate with the second opening 12.

[0046] Preferably, the bottom surface height of the fourth opening 14 is flush with the bottom surface height of the second opening 12, and the inner diameter of the fourth opening 14 is equal to the diameter of the material guiding channel 221, so that the material can be quickly introduced from the second opening 12 into the fourth opening 14.

[0047] Embodiment 2

[0048] The following refers to Figures 5-10 A detailed description of the second embodiment of the present invention is given below. The cross-shaped filling mechanism provided by the second embodiment has substantially the same structure as the cross-shaped filling mechanism provided by the first embodiment. Therefore, for the sake of brevity, only the differences will be described in detail here.

[0049] The cross-shaped filling mechanism provided by the second embodiment can realize the on-line cleaning of the valve core 2. Specifically, in this embodiment, as Figure 7 shown, the cross-shaped housing 1 is also provided with a fifth opening 15 for discharging the cleaning liquid at a position slightly below the side end of the third opening 13. In actual application, the cleaning liquid enters from the first opening 11, cleans the piston assembly 72 and the valve core 2, and the cleaning liquid is discharged from the fourth opening 14 and the fifth opening 15.

[0050] More specifically, the outer diameter of the valve core 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the third opening 13, and the difference between the inner diameter of the third opening 13 and the outer diameter of the valve core 2 needs to be set at more than 5 mm to enable the cleaning liquid to fully penetrate. In this embodiment, it is not required that the valve core 2 is coaxial with the third opening 13, but a sufficient gap for the cleaning liquid to enter needs to be reserved between the outer wall of the valve core 2 and the inner wall of the third opening 13.

[0051] To ensure the sealing performance during the feeding and discharging processes, a first protruding portion 131 is circumferentially provided on the inner wall of the top end of the third opening 13. The inner diameter of the first protruding portion 131 matches the outer diameter of the valve core 2, and a first annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the first protruding portion 131. A first sealing ring 132 is connected through the first annular groove. During the feeding and discharging operations, the first protruding portion 131 and the first sealing ring 132 act on the valve core 2 to ensure its sealing performance and prevent materials from entering the cavity of the third opening 13. During the cleaning operation, the valve core 2 completely retracts into the cavity of the third outlet, that is, below the first protruding portion 131, so that the cleaning liquid can smoothly enter to clean the outer surface of the valve core 2 and the material guiding channel 221.

[0052] To prevent the cleaning liquid from flowing out from the bottom end of the third opening 13 and affecting the driving cylinder 3, in this embodiment, a second protruding portion 133 is further circumferentially provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the third opening 13. The inner diameter of the second protruding portion 133 matches the outer diameter of the valve core 2, and a second annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the second protruding portion 133. A second sealing ring 134 is connected through the second annular groove. The second protruding portion 133 and the second sealing ring 134 act on the connecting portion 23 of the valve core 2 to ensure its sealing performance and prevent the cleaning liquid from seeping out. It can be understood that the fifth opening 15 should be provided above the second protruding portion 133.

[0053] In this embodiment, there is no need to provide an annular groove 231 at the lower end of the valve core 2.

[0054] The cross-shaped filling mechanism provided in this embodiment does not require disassembling and cleaning of the valve core 2. Based on the simple cylindrical structure of the valve core 2, passing the cleaning liquid can achieve on-line cleaning of the valve core 2, and the cleaning effect can be guaranteed.

[0055] Embodiment 3

[0056] Based on the cross-shaped filling mechanism provided in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, this embodiment provides a filling machine, which includes a material storage tank 6 connected to the first opening 11 of the cross-shaped filling mechanism, a piston assembly 7 connected to the second opening 12, and a filling assembly 8 connected to the fourth opening 14.

[0057] Specifically, the material storage tank 6 is used for storing the material to be filled, and its outlet pipeline is connected to the end of the first opening 11 through a quick-connect chuck assembly 5.

[0058] The piston assembly 7 is used for quantitatively sucking materials, and includes a piston cylinder 71, a piston assembly 72 movably connected in the piston cylinder 71, and a driving member 73 for driving the piston assembly 72 to reciprocate. The driving member 73 can adopt driving structures such as a linear cylinder or an electric lead screw. The material inlet end of the piston cylinder 71 is connected to the end of the second opening 12 through a quick-loading chuck assembly 5. The piston assembly 72 includes a guiding piston and a sealing ring sleeved around the guiding piston. The guiding piston is connected to the driving member 73 through a piston shaft. By driving the piston assembly 72 to reciprocate through the driving member 73, a variable volume space is formed together with the piston cylinder 71. In this embodiment, the structure of the piston assembly 7 belongs to the prior art, and the structure and principle thereof will not be described in detail here.

[0059] The filling assembly 8 includes a filling nozzle pipeline 81 and a filling valve 82 connected to the filling nozzle pipeline 81. The filling nozzle pipeline 81 is used for receiving materials and conveying the materials to the filling valve 82. The filling valve 82 is used for filling the materials into the packaging. In this embodiment, the structure of the filling assembly 8 also belongs to the prior art, so the structure and principle thereof will not be described in detail.

[0060] For the convenience of understanding, exemplarily, the use process of the filling machine provided in this embodiment is introduced as follows:

[0061] During feeding, under the downward pulling force of the driving cylinder 3 on the valve core 2, a cavity is formed between the top of the valve core 2 and the end of the first opening 11. At the same time, the cylindrical entity of the blocking portion 21 of the valve core 2 blocks the fourth opening 14, so that the material to be filled enters the cavity formed by the piston cylinder 71 and the piston assembly 72 through the first opening 11 and the second opening 12 under the atmospheric pressure and the suction force of the piston assembly 7. The feeding amount is controlled by the stroke of the driving member 73 in the piston assembly 7.

[0062] During discharging, under the upward pushing of the driving cylinder 3 on the valve core 2, the top of the valve core 2 abuts against the end of the first opening 11, forming a blockage to the first opening 11. At the same time, the guiding channel 221 of the guiding portion 22 of the valve core 2 is connected to the fourth opening 14, so that the fourth opening 14 is communicated with the cavity of the piston cylinder 71 through the guiding channel 221. The material to be filled enters the filling nozzle pipeline 81 under the pushing force of the piston assembly 72 and is discharged through the opened filling valve 82. After the stroke ends, the filling valve 82 closes to cut off the material to prevent dripping.

[0063] Continue to repeat the above actions to achieve continuous filling.

[0064] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of the present invention claimed is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cross-shaped filling mechanism, characterized in that: For use in piston filling equipment, including: A cross-shaped housing (1) has a hollow structure inside and is provided with four openings distributed in a cross shape, namely a first opening (11), a second opening (12), a third opening (13) and a fourth opening (14), wherein the first opening (11) and the third opening (13) are arranged opposite to each other, and the second opening (12) and the fourth opening (14) are arranged opposite to each other; A valve core (2) is movably connected to the third opening (13), the valve core (2) comprising a blocking portion (21) and a material guiding portion (22) which are sequentially distributed along the axial direction of the valve core (2), the material guiding portion (22) being provided with a material guiding channel (221) through which materials can pass, the material guiding channel (221) being constructed as a circular through hole, the axis of the through hole being perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical valve core (2); The outer diameter of the valve core (2) is smaller than the inner diameter of the first opening (11), and the difference between the inner diameter of the first opening (11) and the outer diameter of the valve core (2) is less than 20 μm; or the outer diameter of the valve core (2) is larger than the inner diameter of the first opening (11); The height h1 of the blocking portion (21) of the valve core (2) should satisfy: the inner diameter of the fourth opening (14) < h1 < the inner diameter of the second opening (12); The outer diameter of the valve core (2) is smaller than the inner diameter of the third opening (13); The second opening (12) and the fourth opening (14) are horizontally distributed, and the top surface height of the fourth opening (14) is lower than the top surface height of the second opening (12); The blocking portion (21) of the valve core (2) is configured to block the first opening (11) or the fourth opening (14) through linear reciprocating motion; When the blocking portion (21) of the valve core (2) blocks the fourth opening (14), the fourth opening (14) is closed, and the first opening (11) and the second opening (12) are connected; when the blocking portion (21) of the valve core (2) blocks the first opening (11), the fourth opening (14) and the second opening (12) are connected through the material guide channel (221) of the material guide portion (22).

2. The cross-shaped filling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-shaped filling mechanism also includes a driving cylinder (3), which is detachably connected to the end of the third opening (13) via a fixed housing (4), and a piston rod of the driving cylinder (3) is connected to the valve core (2).

3. The cross-shaped filling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The difference between the inner diameter of the third opening (13) and the outer diameter of the valve core (2) is less than 20 um.

4. The cross-shaped filling mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the valve core (2) is provided with an annular groove (231) for sleeve-mounting a sealing member.

5. The cross-shaped filling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The difference between the inner diameter of the third opening (13) and the outer diameter of the valve core (2) is greater than or equal to 5 mm, the inner wall of the end of the third opening (13) is provided with a first protrusion (131) matching the outer diameter of the valve core (2) along the circumferential direction, and a fifth opening (15) is provided at a lower position of the side end of the third opening (13).

6. The cross-shaped filling mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall at the lower end of the third opening (13) is also provided with a second protrusion (133) along the circumferential direction, the inner diameter of the second protrusion (133) matches the outer diameter of the valve core (2), the inner wall of the second protrusion (133) is connected with a second sealing ring (134), and the fifth opening (15) is arranged above the second protrusion (133).

7. A filling machine, characterized in that: The cross-shaped filling mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6 further comprises: A material storage tank (6), whose outlet pipeline is detachably connected to the first opening (11); A piston assembly (7), wherein a piston cylinder (71) of the piston assembly (7) is detachably connected to the second opening (12); A filling assembly (8), wherein the filling nozzle pipeline (81) is detachably connected to the fourth opening (14).

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