An X-ray tube with high efficiency training and a training method for an X-ray tube

Abstract

The present invention discloses an X-ray tube with high efficiency tube training and a tube training method for an X-ray tube. The X-ray tube with high efficiency tube training comprises a tube core shell, a tube training cathode, a deflection coil and a control module; a rotating anode, a working cathode and a driving module are arranged in the tube core shell, the rotating anode comprises an anode target disk, and the driving module is used to drive the anode target disk to rotate; the tube training cathode is arranged in the tube core shell, and the tube training cathode is used to emit an electron beam during tube training; the deflection coil is arranged outside the tube core shell, and the deflection coil is used to deflect the electron beam emitted by the tube training cathode; the control module is electrically connected to the tube training cathode, the working cathode, the driving module and the deflection coil, and the control module is used to receive a tube training instruction, and when receiving the tube training instruction, the working cathode and the anode target disk are controlled to stop working, and the tube training cathode and the deflection coil are controlled to work to train the tube. By adopting the above scheme, the problem that the existing tube training process reduces the life of the bearing and the filament is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of X-ray tubes, and in particular to an X-ray tube with high efficiency training and a training method for the X-ray tube. Background Art

[0002] Tube training is to put the electron gun in the X-ray tube into operation. Under the action of temperature rise and high voltage, the residual gas molecules in the tube core are ionized by the electron beam and purified under the action of the electric field. The X-ray tube works under a high vacuum. The quality of the vacuum state affects the imaging quality of the CT machine. Usually, there are two situations where tube training is required: one is that during the production of the X-ray tube, after the vacuum is extracted after assembly, there is still a small amount of adsorbed gas on the surface of the vacuum device. During operation, the gas escapes under the action of temperature rise and high voltage, which is easy to cause sparks. Another situation is that the X-ray tube is stored and shut down for a long time, and the high-voltage stability will also be reduced, causing high-voltage sparks, thereby affecting imaging. The mechanism is that over time, the insulating parts will discharge and depolarize. The background electric field in the tube will change. Gas molecules may diffuse from the hidden gas cavities into the vacuum chamber and be adsorbed by the electrode surface that has been cleaned at the factory. In addition, during the transportation and installation of the X-ray tube, due to the gradual loss of electrostatic adsorption, loose particles may fall off. When high voltage is applied, they may form field emission centers or bounce between electrodes. If the CT machine is turned on at this time, the first exposure may cause all the gas on the focal track to be released in an instant. The high gas pressure and the resulting heavy ion bombardment may damage the insulation and even cause the glass tube to implode.

[0003] The X-ray tube in the related art includes an anode target disk and a working cathode. The anode target disk can rotate at high speed, and the working cathode can emit an electron beam to a position close to the outer edge of the annular orbital surface of the anode target disk. When training the tube, the tube voltage of the X-ray tube will be slowly increased from about 50% of the nominal voltage to about 120%. During this period, the anode target disk rotates at the rated speed or not less than the melting speed of the target disk to ensure that the target disk will not be melted by the high-energy electron beam. Electrons are accelerated from the working cathode to the surface of the anode target disk. If they encounter residual gas molecules in the electric field space or on the surface of the anode target disk at this distance, the high-speed electrons ionize the gas molecules, and the gas ions are positively charged. Under the action of the high-voltage electric field, the surface of the working cathode is accelerated to bombard, which can reduce the residual gas molecules in the tube core space, reduce the gas pressure and purify the anode target disk.

[0004] However, during the training process, high-speed ions will bombard the tungsten wire of the working cathode, causing metal sputtering, thereby destroying the tungsten wire structure. If the cumulative effect is obvious, it will eventually cause the tungsten wire to break and fail. At the same time, the rotating anode needs to rotate at high speed during the training process, which reduces the life of the bearing. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an X-ray tube with high efficiency training and a training method for the X-ray tube, so as to solve the problem that the existing training process can reduce the service life of bearings and filaments.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an X-ray tube with high efficiency training, comprising a tube core shell, wherein a rotating anode, a working cathode and a driving module are arranged in the tube core shell, wherein the rotating anode comprises an anode target disk, wherein the driving module is used to drive the anode target disk to rotate, and wherein the working cathode is used to emit an electron beam to the anode target disk during operation; the X-ray tube with high efficiency training also comprises a training cathode, a deflection coil and a control module;

[0007] The tube training cathode is arranged in the tube core shell, and the tube training cathode is used to emit electron beams during tube training;

[0008] The deflection coil is arranged outside the tube core shell, and the deflection coil is used to deflect the electron beam emitted by the cathode of the tube;

[0009] The control module is electrically connected to the training tube cathode, the working cathode, the driving module and the deflection coil. The control module is used to receive a training tube instruction. When receiving the training tube instruction, the control module controls the working cathode and the anode target plate to stop working, and controls the training tube cathode and the deflection coil to work to perform training tube.

[0010] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the control module is specifically used for:

[0011] Controlling the cathode of the training tube to emit an electron beam;

[0012] The deflection coil is controlled to deflect the electron beam based on a preset scanning path so that the scanning path of the electron beam is the preset scanning path, wherein the preset scanning path includes an outer scanning path, and the angle between the outer scanning path and the center line of the training tube cathode gradually increases from an end close to the training tube cathode to an end far away from the training tube cathode.

[0013] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the anode target comprises a track surface and a non-track surface, and the preset scanning path covers part or all of the track surface, the non-track surface and the inner wall of the core housing.

[0014] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the coverage area of ​​the preset scanning path gradually increases from an end close to the cathode of the training tube to an end far away from the cathode of the training tube.

[0015] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the anode target disk rotates around a first axis, and the center line of the cathode of the training tube coincides with the first axis; and / or,

[0016] The tube core shell is electrically connected to the ground.

[0017] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the tube core housing comprises a first shell and a second shell which are internally connected, the center lines of the first shell and the second shell coincide, and the diameter of the first shell is greater than the diameter of the second shell;

[0018] The anode target plate is arranged in the first shell, one end of the working cathode has a first filament, and one end of the working cathode having the first filament is arranged in the first shell;

[0019] One end of the training tube cathode is provided with a second filament, and one end of the training tube cathode having the second filament is arranged in the second shell.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for training an X-ray tube, which is used for the X-ray tube with high efficiency training according to any embodiment of the present invention, and the method for training an X-ray tube comprises:

[0021] Control the working cathode and anode target to stop working;

[0022] Controlling the voltage of the cathode of the training tube to increase from a first voltage to a second voltage to emit an electron beam, wherein the second voltage is greater than the first voltage, the first voltage is a first preset percentage of the nominal voltage, and the second voltage is a second preset percentage of the nominal voltage;

[0023] Based on the second voltage, a control signal is output to the deflection coil, so that the deflection coil deflects the electron beam based on a preset scanning path, so that the scanning path of the electron beam is the preset scanning path, and the preset scanning path includes an outer scanning path, and the angle between the outer scanning path and the center line of the training tube cathode gradually increases from an end close to the training tube cathode to an end far away from the training tube cathode.

[0024] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the first preset percentage is any value between 45% and 55%, and the second preset percentage is any value between 115% and 125%.

[0025] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the first preset percentage is 50%, and the second preset percentage is 120%.

[0026] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the scanning speed of the electron beam is greater than the rated speed of the anode target disk.

[0027] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is to set a tube training cathode and a deflection coil outside the working cathode. During tube training, both the working cathode and the anode target plate can be stopped from working. The tube training cathode and the deflection coil are used to train the X-ray tube. Since the tube can be trained when the anode target plate is stationary, the bearing loss is reduced. At the same time, a tube training cathode is set specifically for tube training. The deflection coil deflects the electron beam for tube training. Therefore, the electron beam is not easy to hit the working cathode and cause damage to it, thereby protecting the working cathode and reducing the loss of the tube training cathode. Therefore, the problem that the existing tube training process reduces the life of the bearing and the filament is solved.

[0028] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a tube core of a high-efficiency X-ray tube provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure inside a tube core shell provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 A circuit block diagram of a high-efficiency training X-ray tube provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an X-ray tube when a cathode of the training tube emits an electron beam provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 A circuit block diagram of another high-efficiency X-ray tube provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an X-ray tube when a working cathode emits an electron beam provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a flow chart of a method for training an X-ray tube provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0037] Among them: 1. tube core shell; 11. first shell; 12. second shell; 2. rotating anode; 21. anode target plate; 211. orbital surface; 212. non-orbital surface; 3. working cathode; 31. first filament; 4. training tube cathode; 41. second filament; 5. deflection coil; 6. control module; 61. training tube controller; 62. working controller; 7. first axis; 8. scanning path; 81. outer scanning path; 10. gas ions; 9. driving module; 91. anode stator coil; 20. switch; 30. sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tube core of a high-efficiency X-ray tube provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure inside a tube core shell provided in the first embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the X-ray tube of the high-efficiency training tube includes a tube core shell 1, in which a rotating anode 2, a driving module 9 and a working cathode 3 are arranged, the rotating anode 2 includes an anode target disk 21, the anode target disk 21 is rotatable, and the anode target disk 21 is rotatably arranged in the tube core shell 1 through a bearing, and the driving module 9 is used to drive the anode target disk 21 to rotate. The working cathode 3 faces the position close to the outer edge of the anode target disk 21, and the working cathode 3 is used to emit an electron beam to the anode target disk 21 when working. Therefore, when the X-ray tube is working normally, the working cathode 3 will send an electron beam to impact the high-speed rotating anode target disk 21, and the anode target disk 21 will form X-rays under the impact of the electron beam.

[0042] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the X-ray tube with high efficiency training also includes a tube sleeve 30, and the tube core shell 1 is fixed to the tube sleeve 30 through a supporting structure (not shown in the figure). The X-ray tube with high efficiency training also includes a training tube cathode 4, a deflection coil 5 and a control module 6; the training tube cathode 4 refers to a cathode used only during tube training, and the training tube cathode 4 is arranged in the tube core shell 1, and the training tube cathode 4 is used to emit an electron beam during tube training. The deflection coil 5 is arranged outside the tube core shell 1, and the deflection coil 5 is used to deflect the electron beam emitted by the training tube cathode 4; the deflection coil 5 changes the direction of the electron beam through the change of the magnetic field, thereby realizing the deflection of the electron beam.

[0043] The control module 6 is electrically connected to the training cathode 4, the working cathode 3, the driving module 9 and the deflection coil 5. The control module 6 is used to receive the training instruction. When receiving the training instruction, the working cathode 3 and the anode target disk 21 are controlled to stop working, and the training cathode 4 and the deflection coil 5 are controlled to work to perform the training. Among them, the training instruction refers to an electrical signal indicating that the X-ray tube needs to start the training. There are many ways to control the working cathode 3 and the anode target disk 21 to stop working. In some embodiments, the driving module 9 includes an anode stator coil 91, and the anode stator coil 91 can be disconnected or the output end can be short-circuited to make the anode target disk 21 in a static state, that is, the anode target disk 21 stops working. In some embodiments, by disconnecting the working cathode 3 from the working circuit, the working cathode 3 can stop working without emitting an electron beam. The training cathode 4 can emit an electron beam when working, and then the deflection coil 5 works to deflect the electron beam, so that the training operation can be performed.

[0044] In the above scheme, by arranging the training cathode 4 and the deflection coil 5 outside the working cathode 3, the working cathode 3 and the anode target plate 21 can be stopped during the training, and the training cathode 4 and the deflection coil 5 can be used to train the X-ray tube. Since the tube can be trained when the anode target plate 21 is stationary, the bearing loss is reduced. At the same time, by arranging the training cathode 4 specifically for training the tube, the deflection coil 5 deflects the electron beam for training, so the electron beam is not easy to hit the working cathode 3 to cause damage to it, thus protecting the working cathode 3 and reducing the loss of the training cathode 4. Therefore, the problem that the existing training process will reduce the life of the bearing and the filament is solved.

[0045] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the deflection coil 5 includes a pair of horizontal coils and a pair of vertical coils. Each pair of coils consists of two windings with the same number of turns and the same shape, which are connected in series or in parallel. The shape of the coil is designed and manufactured as required. When a certain current is passed through the horizontal and vertical coils respectively, the two pairs of coils generate a certain magnetic field respectively. The horizontal coil generates a pincushion field, while the vertical coil generates a barrel field. Therefore, the control module 6 only needs to control the current direction and current magnitude provided to the horizontal coil and the vertical coil of the deflection coil 5, so as to control the angle of deflection of the electron beam so that it hits a specific position.

[0046] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the control module 6 is specifically used to: control the training tube cathode 4 to emit an electron beam; control the deflection coil 5 to deflect the electron beam based on the preset scanning path, so that the scanning path 8 of the electron beam is the preset scanning path, wherein the preset scanning path includes an outer scanning path 81, and the angle between the outer scanning path 81 and the center line of the training tube cathode 4 gradually increases from the end close to the training tube cathode 4 to the end far from the training tube cathode 4. In some embodiments, the center line of the training tube cathode 4 coincides with the first axis 7, and at this time, the angle between the outer scanning path 81 and the center line of the training tube cathode 4 is the angle between the outer scanning path 81 and the first axis 7, that is, Figure 4 The angle α in .

[0047] Among them, the preset scanning path is the path that the electron beam emitted from the training tube cathode 4 should pass through. Since the electron beam is continuously emitted and the deflection coil 5 is continuously deflecting the electron beam, the scanning path 8 of the electron beam during the training process involves a three-dimensional area. The outer scanning path 81 refers to the path that the outer electron beam of the preset scanning path should pass through. Since the angle between the outer scanning path 81 and the center line of the training tube cathode 4 gradually increases from the end close to the training tube cathode 4 to the end far away from the training tube cathode 4, compared with the working cathode 3 in the related art that only emits electron beams at a fixed angle, the scanning path surface of the electron beam in space is larger at this time, that is, the coverage area of ​​the preset scanning path is larger, and the space area reached by the electron beam movement is larger than the space area reached by the electron beam movement in the related art, which greatly increases the probability of the electron beam contacting the residual gas molecules, thereby improving the efficiency of the training tube.

[0048] On the basis of the above embodiment, the coverage area of ​​the preset scanning path gradually increases from the end close to the training tube cathode 4 to the end far from the training tube cathode 4, so the preset scanning path is an umbrella-shaped scanning path surface, that is, the deflected electron beam should form an umbrella-shaped scanning path surface in space. By controlling the deflection coil 5 to deflect the electron beam based on the preset scanning path, so that the scanning path 8 of the electron beam is the preset scanning path, the probability of the electron beam contacting the residual gas molecules is greatly increased, thereby improving the efficiency of the training tube.

[0049] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the anode target plate 21 includes a track surface 211 and a non-track surface 212, and the preset scanning path covers part or all of the track surface 211, the non-track surface 212 and the inner wall of the tube core shell 1. Part or all here means that it can cover one or more of the three items of the track surface 211, the non-track surface 212 and the inner wall of the tube core shell 1, and can also include part or all of a certain item. For example, in some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the preset scanning path covers the orbital surface 211, so the deflection coil 5 will deflect the electron beam to different positions that hit the orbital surface 211. In some embodiments, the preset scanning path covers the orbital surface 211 and part of the inner wall of the tube core shell 1, so the deflection coil 5 will deflect the electron beam to different positions that hit the orbital surface 211 and part of the inner wall of the tube core shell 1. In some embodiments, the preset scanning path covers the orbital surface 211, part of the inner wall of the tube core shell 1 and part of the non-orbital surface 212, so the deflection coil 5 will deflect the electron beam to different positions that hit the orbital surface 211, part of the inner wall of the tube core shell 1 and part of the non-orbital surface 212. Therefore, by simply controlling the deflection angle of the electron beam, the electron beam can scan different areas, which are areas that cannot be scanned under the conventional X-ray tube structure.

[0050] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the control module 6 includes a controller. In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, there are two controllers, namely, a working controller 62 and a training controller 61. The working controller 62 is electrically connected to the anode stator coil 91 and the working cathode 3 through the switch 20. When training, the switch 20 is disconnected. At this time, the working controller 62 does not provide voltage to the working cathode 3, and the working cathode 3 does not work. The anode stator coil 91 is also not powered, so that the anode target disk 21 is stationary. The training controller 61 is electrically connected to the training cathode 4 and the deflection coil 5, and is used to provide working voltage to the training cathode 4 and working current to the deflection coil 5. When training, the training controller 61 controls the voltage of the training cathode 4 to increase according to the set training rule, and controls the deflection coil 5 to deflect the electron beam according to the set training rule, so that the scanning path 8 of the electron beam is the preset scanning path.

[0051] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the anode target plate 21 rotates around the first axis 7, and the center line of the training tube cathode 4 coincides with the first axis 7. Therefore, at this time, the cross-section of the preset scanning path taken by the driven electron beam is circular. Compared with the case where the center line of the training tube cathode 4 does not coincide with the first axis 7, the cross-section of the preset scanning path taken by the electron beam needs to be controlled to be an eccentric circle. This scheme makes the algorithm for controlling the deflection of the electron beam relatively simple to implement.

[0052] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the core shell 1 includes a first shell 11 and a second shell 12 which are internally connected, and the center lines of the first shell 11 and the second shell 12 coincide with each other. Specifically, the center lines of the first shell 11 and the second shell 12 coincide with the first axis 7, and the diameter of the first shell 11 is greater than the diameter of the second shell 12.

[0053] The anode target disk 21 is disposed in the first housing 11, and one end of the working cathode 3 has a first filament 31, and one end of the working cathode 3 having the first filament 31 is disposed in the first housing 11, and the center line of the working cathode 3 does not coincide with the first axis 7, and the working cathode 3 faces the position close to the outer edge of the anode target disk 21. When the X-ray tube is working normally, the working cathode 3 will send an electron beam to impact the high-speed rotating anode target disk 21, and the anode target disk 21 will form X-rays under the impact of the electron beam. One end of the training tube cathode 4 has a second filament 41, and one end of the training tube cathode 4 having the second filament 41 is disposed in the second housing 12.

[0054] The deflection coil 5 may have a variety of shapes. In some embodiments, the deflection coil 5 is in a circular ring shape. In some embodiments, the deflection coil 5 is in a saddle shape. In this embodiment, the deflection coil 5 is in a circular ring shape. The deflection coil 5 is arranged on the outer wall of the second shell 12. The distance between the working cathode 3 and the outer wall of the second shell 12 is greater than the thickness of the deflection coil 5. Therefore, part of the deflection coil 5 is located between the working cathode 3 and the outer wall of the second shell 12, thereby achieving a compact structure and reducing the volume of the X-ray tube. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the deflection coil 5 may also be in other shapes, which are not specifically limited here, but are only given as examples.

[0055] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the core shell 1 is electrically connected to the ground, so the gas ions 10 formed during the electron beam deflection path will be attracted by the core shell 1, and the probability of bombarding the first filament 31 of the working cathode 3 is greatly reduced.

[0056] The specific principle of the present invention is described below. In this embodiment, a preset scanning path covering the track surface 211 is taken as an example: Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the X-ray tube when the working cathode 3 emits an electron beam. Figure 6 It can be seen that when the working cathode 3 sends an electron beam for tube training, the electrons of the electron beam are accelerated from the working cathode 3 to the surface of the anode target disk 21, and the scanning path 8 of the electron beam covers a small area, that is, the area swept by the electron beam is reduced. If the working cathode 3 encounters residual gas molecules in the electric field space or on the surface of the anode target disk 21 during the distance from the working cathode 3 to the surface of the anode target disk 21, the high-speed electrons ionize the gas molecules to form gas ions 10, wherein the gas ions 10 are positively charged. Under the action of the high-voltage electric field, the surface of the working cathode 3 is accelerated along the axial direction of the X-ray tube to bombard the surface of the working cathode 3, which can reduce the residual gas molecules in the internal space of the tube core shell 1, reduce the gas pressure and purify the anode target disk 21. However, it also brings negative effects, that is, the high-speed gas ions 10 will bombard the first filament 31 of the working cathode 3 under the action of the cathode and cathode electric fields, which will cause a metal sputtering effect, thereby destroying the structure of the first filament 31. If the cumulative effect is obvious, it will eventually cause the first filament 31 to break and fail.

[0057] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the X-ray tube when the cathode 4 of the training tube emits an electron beam. Figure 4 It can be seen that under the action of the deflection coil 5, the deflected electron beam can perform circular scanning on the track surface 211 of the anode target disk 21, and the rotation speed can be higher than the rated speed of the anode target disk 21, such as 105 revolutions per second, so that the anode target disk 21 can be completely non-rotating, similar to the scanning of a cathode ray tube. The loss of the anode target disk 21 to the bearing is saved. Moreover, the deflected electron beam forms an umbrella-shaped scanning path 8 in space, which greatly increases the probability of contact with residual gas molecules, thereby improving the efficiency of tube training.

[0058] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, by comparing with the electron beam sent by the working cathode 3 for tube training, it can be obtained that the electron beam is sent by the tube training cathode 4 and scanned by the deflection coil 5, and the area swept by the electron beam is 42 times the area swept by the electron beam sent by the working cathode 3, that is, the coverage area of ​​the scanning path 8 of the electron beam is 42 times the coverage area of ​​the scanning path 8 of the electron beam sent by the working cathode 3, and the tube training efficiency is greatly improved. At the same time, the gas ions 10 formed in the electron beam scanning path 8 are positively charged. Since the tube core shell 1 is grounded, most of the positively charged gas ions 10 will be attracted by the tube core shell 1 under the action of the electric field, and the probability of bombarding the first filament 31 of the working cathode 3 is greatly reduced.

[0059] Embodiment 2

[0060] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides an X-ray tube training method, which is used for the X-ray tube with high efficiency training described in any embodiment of the present invention. The X-ray tube training method can be executed by a control module of the X-ray tube, such as Figure 7 As shown, the X-ray tube training method includes:

[0061] S110, controlling the working cathode and anode target to stop working.

[0062] Among them, the working cathode and the anode target disk stop working means that the working cathode does not emit an electron beam and the anode target disk does not rotate. The working cathode can be disconnected from the working circuit so that the working cathode does not emit an electron beam and stops working. In some embodiments, the X-ray tube also includes a drive module, and the drive module is used to drive the anode target disk to rotate. In some embodiments, the drive module includes an anode stator coil, and the anode stator coil can be disconnected or the output end can be short-circuited to put the anode target disk in a stationary state, that is, the anode target disk stops working.

[0063] S120, controlling the voltage of the cathode of the training tube to increase from a first voltage to a second voltage to emit an electron beam, wherein the second voltage is greater than the first voltage, the first voltage is a first preset percentage of the nominal voltage, and the second voltage is a second preset percentage of the nominal voltage.

[0064] The nominal voltage refers to the voltage that should not be exceeded when the X-ray tube is working normally. The value of the nominal voltage will be different depending on the X-ray tube, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0065] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the first preset percentage is any value between 45% and 55%, and the second preset percentage is any value between 115% and 125%. By allowing the X-ray tube to start boosting from 45% to 55% of the nominal voltage, sparking can be prevented. Sparking is similar to lightning and is an unstable state of the X-ray tube, which may cause some recoverable or irreversible damage. By allowing the voltage to finally increase to exceed the nominal voltage, the X-ray tube can have a safety margin when operating normally, and the operation of the X-ray tube is more stable. Preferably, the first preset percentage is 50%, and the second preset percentage is 120%.

[0066] S130. Based on the second voltage, a control signal is output to the deflection coil, so that the deflection coil deflects the electron beam based on a preset scanning path, so that the scanning path of the electron beam is the preset scanning path, and the preset scanning path includes an outer scanning path, and the angle between the outer scanning path and the center line of the training tube cathode gradually increases from an end close to the training tube cathode to an end far from the training tube cathode.

[0067] Among them, the control signal refers to an electrical signal used to control the deflection coil. In some embodiments, the control signal is a current signal. The preset scanning path is the path that the electron beam emitted from the training tube cathode should pass through. Since the electron beam is continuously emitted and the deflection coil continuously deflects the electron beam, the scanning path of the electron beam during the training process involves a three-dimensional area. The outer scanning path refers to the path that the outer electron beam of the preset scanning path should pass through. Since the angle between the outer scanning path and the center line of the training tube cathode gradually increases from the end close to the training tube cathode to the end away from the training tube cathode, compared with the related art in which the working cathode only emits the electron beam at a fixed angle, the scanning path surface of the electron beam in space is larger at this time, that is, the coverage area of ​​the preset scanning path is larger, and the spatial area reached by the electron beam movement is larger than the spatial area reached by the electron beam movement in the related art, which greatly increases the probability of the electron beam contacting the residual gas molecules, thereby improving the efficiency of the training tube.

[0068] On the basis of the above embodiment, the coverage area of ​​the preset scanning path gradually increases from the end close to the cathode of the training tube to the end far from the cathode of the training tube, so the preset scanning path is an umbrella-shaped scanning path surface, that is, the deflected electron beam should form an umbrella-shaped scanning path surface in space. By controlling the deflection coil to deflect the electron beam based on the preset scanning path, so that the scanning path of the electron beam is the preset scanning path, the probability of the electron beam contacting the residual gas molecules is greatly increased, thereby improving the efficiency of the training tube.

[0069] In the above scheme, during tube training, the working cathode and the anode target disk are controlled to stop working, the voltage of the tube training cathode is controlled to increase from the first voltage to the second voltage to emit an electron beam, and then a control signal is output to the deflection coil based on the second voltage, so that the deflection coil deflects the electron beam based on the preset scanning path, so that the scanning path of the electron beam is the preset scanning path, and the preset scanning path includes an outer scanning path, and the angle between the outer scanning path and the center line of the tube training cathode gradually increases from the end close to the tube training cathode to the end away from the tube training cathode. During tube training, both the working cathode and the anode target disk can be stopped, and the tube training cathode and the deflection coil are used to train the X-ray tube. Since the tube can be trained when the anode target disk is stationary, the bearing loss is reduced. At the same time, by setting a tube training cathode specifically for tube training, the deflection coil deflects the electron beam for tube training, so the electron beam is not easy to hit the working cathode to cause damage to it, protecting the working cathode, and also reducing the loss of the tube training cathode. Finally, the area swept by the electron beam is increased, that is, the area covered by the scanning path of the electron beam, so the tube training efficiency is greatly improved. Therefore, the problem that the existing tube training process reduces the life of the bearing and the filament and has low tube training efficiency is solved.

[0070] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the scanning speed of the electron beam is greater than the rated speed of the anode target disk.

[0071] The training time required for a conventional X-ray tube is the time it takes for the X-ray tube to reach the trainable heat capacity plus the electron beam scanning time. Before the X-ray tube is trained, the heat capacity of the X-ray tube must reach a target value, such as less than 5% or 10% of the rated heat capacity of the X-ray tube. The time it takes for the X-ray tube to reach the trainable heat capacity is the time it takes for the X-ray tube to reach the target value. Different types of X-ray tubes have different target values. If it starts from a cold state (heat capacity equals 0%), this time is not required. If it is from a hot state (such as a heat capacity of 20%-90%), this time depends on the heat capacity, cooling rate and ambient temperature, such as 15 minutes from 20% to 10%. In this embodiment, the time it takes for the X-ray tube to reach the trainable heat capacity of 15 minutes is taken as an example.

[0072] In the related art, the working cathode sends an electron beam to a fixed position, and the electron beam is accelerated from the working cathode to the surface of the anode target disk. If it encounters residual gas molecules in the electric field space or on the surface of the anode target disk during this distance, the high-speed electrons ionize the gas molecules, and the gas ions are positively charged. Under the action of the high-voltage electric field, the electron beam is accelerated along the axis of the X-ray tube to bombard the working cathode surface, which can reduce the residual gas molecules in the internal space of the tube core shell, reduce the gas pressure and purify the anode target disk. Therefore, the scanning path of the electron beam is relatively small, and it takes about 45 minutes of electron beam scanning time. Therefore, the training time required for a conventional X-ray tube is 1 hour.

[0073] In the present invention, after the electron beam is deflected, it can perform circular scanning on the orbital surface of the anode target disk, and the rotation speed can be higher than the rated speed of the anode target disk, such as 105 revolutions per second, so that the anode target disk can be completely non-rotating, similar to the scanning of a cathode ray tube. The loss of the anode target disk to the bearing is saved. Moreover, the deflected electron beam forms an umbrella-shaped scanning path surface in space, which greatly increases the probability of contact with residual gas molecules, thereby improving the efficiency of tube training. The area scanned by the electron beam of the present invention is 42 times the area scanned by the electron beam of a conventional X-ray tube. The tube training efficiency is greatly improved, and the scanning path of the electron beam can be on the orbital surface or non-orbital surface of the anode target disk, or it can be the inner wall of the tube core shell, which is an area that cannot be scanned under the conventional X-ray tube structure. The scanning time of the electron beam in this scheme only takes 5 minutes, plus the time of about 15 minutes for the X-ray tube to reach the trainable tube heat capacity, the tube training time of the present invention only takes 20 minutes.

[0074] Therefore, the present invention can reduce the training time from the original 1 hour to 20 minutes, greatly reducing the training time and improving the training efficiency.

[0075] In some embodiments, the training method of the X-ray tube can be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a storage unit. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on the control module via a ROM and / or a communication unit. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the control module can be configured to perform the training method of the X-ray tube in any other appropriate manner (for example, by means of firmware).

[0076] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a control module of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that when the computer program is executed by the control module, the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine as a stand-alone software package, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0077] In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device, or equipment. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices, or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. A more specific example of a machine-readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0078] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0079] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An X-ray tube with high efficiency, comprising a tube core shell, wherein a rotating anode, a working cathode and a driving module are arranged in the tube core shell, wherein the rotating anode comprises an anode target disk, wherein the driving module is used to drive the anode target disk to rotate, and wherein the working cathode is used to emit an electron beam to the anode target disk during operation; characterized in that: It also includes a training tube cathode, a deflection coil and a control module; The tube training cathode is arranged in the tube core shell, and the tube training cathode is used to emit electron beams during tube training; The deflection coil is arranged outside the tube core shell, and the deflection coil is used to deflect the electron beam emitted by the cathode of the tube; The control module is electrically connected to the training tube cathode, the working cathode, the driving module and the deflection coil. The control module is used to receive a training tube instruction, and when receiving the training tube instruction, controls the working cathode and the anode target plate to stop working, and controls the training tube cathode and the deflection coil to work to perform training tube; The control module is specifically used for: Controlling the cathode of the training tube to emit an electron beam; The deflection coil is controlled to deflect the electron beam based on a preset scanning path so that the scanning path of the electron beam is the preset scanning path, wherein the preset scanning path includes an outer scanning path, and the angle between the outer scanning path and the center line of the training tube cathode gradually increases from an end close to the training tube cathode to an end far away from the training tube cathode.

2. The high efficiency X-ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode target plate comprises a track surface and a non-track surface, and the preset scanning path covers part or all of the track surface, the non-track surface and the inner wall of the tube core shell.

3. The high efficiency X-ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coverage area of ​​the preset scanning path gradually increases from an end close to the cathode of the training tube to an end far away from the cathode of the training tube.

4. The high efficiency X-ray tube according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The anode target disk rotates around a first axis, and the center line of the cathode of the training tube coincides with the first axis; and / or, The tube core shell is electrically connected to the ground.

5. The high efficiency X-ray tube according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The tube core shell comprises a first shell and a second shell which are internally connected, the center lines of the first shell and the second shell coincide with each other, and the diameter of the first shell is greater than the diameter of the second shell; The anode target plate is arranged in the first shell, one end of the working cathode has a first filament, and one end of the working cathode having the first filament is arranged in the first shell; One end of the training tube cathode is provided with a second filament, and one end of the training tube cathode having the second filament is arranged in the second shell.

6. A method for training an X-ray tube, characterized in that: An X-ray tube for high-efficiency tube training according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the X-ray tube training method comprises: Control the working cathode and anode target to stop working; Controlling the voltage of the cathode of the training tube to increase from a first voltage to a second voltage to emit an electron beam, wherein the second voltage is greater than the first voltage, the first voltage is a first preset percentage of the nominal voltage, and the second voltage is a second preset percentage of the nominal voltage; Based on the second voltage, a control signal is output to the deflection coil, so that the deflection coil deflects the electron beam based on a preset scanning path, so that the scanning path of the electron beam is the preset scanning path, and the preset scanning path includes an outer scanning path, and the angle between the outer scanning path and the center line of the training tube cathode gradually increases from an end close to the training tube cathode to an end far away from the training tube cathode.

7. The X-ray tube training method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first preset percentage is any value between 45% and 55%, and the second preset percentage is any value between 115% and 125%.

8. The X-ray tube training method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first preset percentage is 50%, and the second preset percentage is 120%.

9. The X-ray tube training method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: The scanning speed of the electron beam is greater than the rated speed of the anode target disk.

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