A method for cutting propagation of coptis deltoidea

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for propagating Coptis chinensis by cuttings, belonging to the field of Coptis chinensis propagation technology. The method includes steps such as site selection and preparation, cutting collection, cutting, shading treatment, and post-propagation management. By preparing a cutting substrate and applying it during the cutting process, the components of the cutting substrate work together to improve root activity, promote rooting and plant growth, and provide Coptis chinensis with a cool, humid, and well-ventilated growth environment that is closer to that of high-altitude areas. This allows Coptis chinensis to grow well even in areas other than high altitudes, thereby expanding the planting area of ​​Coptis chinensis, improving its quality, and promoting the further development of the Coptis chinensis industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Coptis chinensis propagation technology, and in particular to a method for propagating Coptis chinensis by cuttings. Background Technology

[0002] Coptis chinensis Franch., also known as Wanglian, Chuanlian, and Jizhualian, is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the Ranunculaceae family. It is used to treat high fever, irritability, chest tightness, vomiting, diarrhea, dysentery, red eyes, mouth ulcers, and painful swelling. It is a commonly used and valuable traditional Chinese medicine, and in 2021, it was listed as a national second-class protected medicinal herb. As a commonly used medicinal herb, Coptis chinensis is in high demand due to increasing market demand and overseas exports.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for propagating Coptis chinensis in production are seed propagation and cutting propagation. Seed propagation has a high propagation coefficient, but it requires a long growth period, generally at least 5 years from sowing to harvest to achieve the required medicinal efficacy, and the seed propagation method is prone to variation. Cutting propagation generally involves cutting small sections of rhizome with buds at the time of harvest, allowing for earlier harvesting, generally as early as 4 years, effectively shortening the harvesting period and cultivation time. Cutting propagation also exhibits less variation, maintaining the superior traits and characteristics of the mother plant. However, the survival rate of Coptis chinensis cuttings using traditional methods is relatively low. Furthermore, Coptis chinensis has high requirements for its growing environment, generally requiring high-altitude mountainous areas (1500-2300m) and cool, humid, and shady conditions to grow well. Propagation by cuttings at low altitudes and higher temperatures not only further reduces the survival rate of Coptis chinensis cuttings but also limits the synthesis and accumulation of its active ingredients, affecting its medicinal properties and reducing its quality.

[0004] Therefore, it is currently necessary to find a suitable method for propagating Coptis chinensis by cuttings to solve the problem of reduced survival rate and quality of cuttings when propagating Coptis chinensis by cuttings under low altitude and high ambient temperature conditions, so as to expand the planting area of ​​Coptis chinensis and promote the further development of Coptis chinensis planting industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for propagating Coptis chinensis by cuttings, which solves the problems of low survival rate and poor quality of Coptis chinensis when propagating it by cuttings under low altitude and high ambient temperature conditions, expands the planting area of ​​Coptis chinensis, promotes the further development of Coptis chinensis planting industry, and improves its economic benefits.

[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means:

[0007] A method for propagating Coptis chinensis by cuttings, the method is as follows:

[0008] (1) Site selection and land preparation: Select soil with deep, fertile, loose soil rich in humus for cutting propagation. Apply 3000-4000 kg of manure per mu. After plowing, level and harrow the soil and adjust the soil moisture content and pH to obtain the cutting site.

[0009] (2) Cutting collection: When harvesting medicinal rhizomes of Coptis chinensis in September and October, cut the root head with fibrous roots from healthy Coptis chinensis plants 3-5 cm below the bud as cuttings.

[0010] (3) Cuttings: Dig a trench in the cutting site, compact the soil at the bottom of the trench slightly, fill it with cutting substrate, insert the cuttings, compact the substrate around the cuttings slightly, and water thoroughly with rooting water.

[0011] (4) Shading treatment: A shade canopy is built above the cutting site for shading;

[0012] (5) Post-planting care: Water in a timely manner to ensure that the soil moisture content of the root substrate is 50% to 60%, and carry out topdressing, weeding and pest and disease control according to conventional methods.

[0013] Furthermore, in step (1), the soil pH is adjusted to 5.5-6.5, and the soil moisture content is adjusted to 50%-60%.

[0014] Furthermore, in step (3), the width of the groove is 15-25cm, the depth is 15-25cm, and the spacing between the grooves is 12-16cm.

[0015] Furthermore, in step (3), the spacing between cuttings is 10-20 cm.

[0016] Furthermore, the cutting substrate in step (3) comprises the following parts by weight of raw materials:

[0017] 0.01–0.016 parts naphthaleneacetic acid, 1–2 parts vitamin B, 0.8–1.8 parts sucrose, 1–2 parts bamboo vinegar, 160–220 parts perlite, 1–3 parts sodium glycolate, 2–3 parts glutamine, 15–20 parts 1,2-hexanediol, 65–90 parts glycerol, 15–20 parts straw residue, 20–30 parts humus, and 50–70 parts peat moss.

[0018] Furthermore, the method for preparing the cutting substrate is as follows:

[0019] A: Dissolve naphthaleneacetic acid, vitamin B, sucrose, and bamboo vinegar in water to obtain a nutrient solution, and set aside for use;

[0020] B: Place perlite in a high-temperature furnace and heat it to 400-500℃ at a rate of 40-50℃ / h. Hold the temperature for 30-50 min, then heat it to 1100-1200℃ at a rate of 140-150℃ / h. Hold the temperature for 8-15 s and then cool it to room temperature. Mix glycerol and 1,2-hexanediol to obtain a mixed solution. Heat the solution to 80-120℃ and add the cooled perlite. Stir the mixture at a constant temperature for 50-80 min. After the reaction is complete, let it stand overnight. Then filter to remove the filtrate and transfer it to a sodium glycolate aqueous solution for ultrasonic treatment. After ultrasonic treatment, dry the solution to obtain dried perlite. Place the dried perlite and glutamine aqueous solution in a reaction vessel and heat them to react. After the reaction is complete, cool the solution to room temperature to obtain the treated perlite.

[0021] C: Mix the treated perlite with nutrient solution, straw residue, humus and peat moss evenly to obtain the cutting substrate, and adjust the pH and moisture content of the cutting substrate.

[0022] A nutrient solution prepared by mixing naphthaleneacetic acid and vitamin B, etc., and added to the cutting substrate can effectively improve the activity of cuttings, promote rooting and root growth, and increase the survival rate of cuttings. To better replicate the humid, cool, and shady growing environment of Coptis chinensis in high-altitude mountainous areas, improve the survival rate of Coptis chinensis cuttings, and ensure its efficacy and quality, while reducing the impact of rising ambient temperature on the survival rate and efficacy of Coptis chinensis cuttings, the prepared cutting substrate is applied to the furrows before Coptis chinensis cuttings are planted, and watered regularly. Water ensures the moisture content of the substrate. The perlite in the substrate is not only suitable for the growth of acid-loving Coptis chinensis, but also effectively absorbs the heat transferred from the air and soil when the ambient temperature is high, inhibiting the transfer of heat from the surrounding environment to the roots of Coptis chinensis. Combined with the shade greenhouse, it creates a relatively cool growing environment for Coptis chinensis. At the same time, the cutting substrate has good air permeability, which allows oxygen to circulate in the roots, promotes the respiration of the roots of Coptis chinensis, accelerates the rooting of cuttings, improves the survival rate, and ensures good growth of cuttings.

[0023] To achieve good heat insulation, the proportion of perlite in the substrate needs to be increased. However, due to the poor water retention of perlite, a high proportion of perlite will increase the permeability of the cutting substrate, requiring more frequent watering and increasing costs. Therefore, this invention also uses sodium glycolate and glutamine to treat perlite. Sodium glycolate covalently binds with perlite, changing its chemical properties and enhancing the interaction between perlite and water molecules. This effectively retains water molecules, increasing the water absorption of perlite. Furthermore, glutamine effectively promotes plant growth and nutrient absorption while adjusting the surface charge distribution of perlite, strengthening the hydrogen bond strength between perlite and water molecules, thus preventing water molecules from falling off the perlite and increasing its water retention. The combined effect of all components in the substrate promotes rooting of cuttings, accelerates plant growth, and creates a cool, humid, and shady growing environment more suitable for high-altitude areas. This allows Coptis chinensis to grow well even outside of high-altitude regions, improving its quality and further promoting the development of Coptis chinensis cultivation.

[0024] Furthermore, in step B, the ultrasonic frequency is 20–40 kHz, the ultrasonic time is 1–3 h, and the ultrasonic temperature is 55–70 °C.

[0025] Furthermore, in step B, the reaction temperature in the reactor is 40–50°C, and the reaction time is 3–5 hours.

[0026] Furthermore, in step B, the moisture content of the cutting substrate is adjusted to 60-70%, and the pH is adjusted to 5.5-6.5.

[0027] Furthermore, in step (4), the height of the sunshade is 1.5 to 2 meters, and the shading degree is 70% to 80%.

[0028] Beneficial effects:

[0029] This invention involves preparing a nutrient solution by mixing naphthaleneacetic acid and vitamins, then mixing it with perlite, straw residue, and other materials to create a substrate. This substrate is applied to trenches, where Coptis chinensis cuttings are then planted. The substrate provides nutrients to the Coptis chinensis plants, promoting root development and increasing the survival rate. Simultaneously, it effectively ensures high aeration, high humidity, and a low temperature in the root environment. Combined with shading and regular watering, this provides a relatively cool, humid, and shaded environment for Coptis chinensis growth. This environment closely resembles the growth environment of Coptis chinensis in high-altitude areas, further improving the survival rate of cuttings, promoting better growth, facilitating the synthesis and accumulation of medicinal components, enhancing the quality of Coptis chinensis, and ultimately promoting the further development of Coptis chinensis cultivation. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments:

[0031] Example 1: Preparation of Cutting Matrix

[0032] Weigh out 0.012 kg naphthaleneacetic acid, 1.5 kg vitamin B, 1.4 kg sucrose, 1.5 kg bamboo vinegar, 180 kg perlite, 2 kg sodium glycolate, 2.5 kg glutamine, 18 kg 1,2-hexanediol, 70 kg glycerol, 18 kg straw residue, 25 kg humus, and 60 kg peat.

[0033] Preparation method:

[0034] A: Dissolve vitamin B in 7.5 kg of water, then add naphthaleneacetic acid, sucrose, and bamboo vinegar and mix thoroughly to obtain a nutrient solution for later use;

[0035] B: Perlite was placed in a high-temperature furnace and heated to 450°C at a rate of 45°C / h. After holding at this temperature for 40 min, the temperature was increased to 1100°C at a rate of 145°C / h and held for 10 s before cooling to room temperature. Glycerol and 1,2-hexanediol were mixed to obtain a mixed solution. The solution was heated to 100°C and the cooled perlite was added. The mixture was stirred at a constant temperature for 60 min and allowed to stand overnight after the reaction was completed. The solid phase was then filtered and the sodium glycolate was dissolved in 40 kg of water and added to the solid phase. The mixture was sonicated at 25 kHz and 60°C for 1.5 h. After sonication, the perlite was dried at 45°C to obtain dried perlite. Glutamine was dissolved in 50 kg of water and added to the dried perlite in a reaction vessel. The mixture was reacted at 45°C for 4 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature to obtain the treated perlite.

[0036] C: Mix the treated perlite with nutrient solution, straw residue, humus and peat moss evenly to obtain the cutting substrate. Adjust the moisture content of the cutting substrate to 65% and the pH to 6.

[0037] Example 2: Preparation of Cutting Matrix

[0038] Weigh out 0.01 kg naphthaleneacetic acid, 1 kg vitamin B, 0.8 kg sucrose, 1 kg bamboo vinegar, 160 kg perlite, 1 kg sodium glycolate, 2 kg glutamine, 15 kg 1,2-hexanediol, 65 kg glycerol, 15 kg straw residue, 20 kg humus, and 50 kg peat.

[0039] Preparation method:

[0040] A: Dissolve vitamin B in 5kg of water, then add naphthaleneacetic acid, sucrose, and bamboo vinegar and mix thoroughly to obtain a nutrient solution for later use.

[0041] B: Perlite was placed in a high-temperature furnace and heated to 400℃ at a rate of 40℃ / h. After holding at this temperature for 30 min, the temperature was increased to 1100℃ at a rate of 140℃ / h and held for 8 s before cooling to room temperature. Glycerol and 1,2-hexanediol were mixed to obtain a mixed solution. The solution was heated to 90℃ and then the cooled perlite was added. The mixture was stirred at a constant temperature for 50 min and allowed to stand overnight after the reaction was completed. The solid phase was then filtered and the sodium glycolate was dissolved in 20 kg of water and added to the solid phase. The mixture was sonicated at 20 kHz and 55℃ for 1 h. After sonication, the perlite was dried at 45℃ to obtain dried perlite. Glutamine was dissolved in 40 kg of water and then placed in a reaction vessel with the dried perlite. The mixture was reacted at 40℃ for 3 h. After the reaction was completed, the perlite was cooled to room temperature to obtain the treated perlite.

[0042] C: Mix the treated perlite with nutrient solution, straw residue, humus and peat moss evenly to obtain the cutting substrate. Adjust the moisture content of the cutting substrate to 60% and the pH to 5.5.

[0043] Example 3: Preparation of Cutting Matrix

[0044] Weigh out 0.016 kg naphthaleneacetic acid, 2 kg vitamin B, 1.8 kg sucrose, 2 kg bamboo vinegar, 220 kg perlite, 3 kg sodium glycolate, 3 kg glutamine, 20 kg 1,2-hexanediol, 90 kg glycerol, 20 kg straw residue, 30 kg humus, and 70 kg peat.

[0045] Preparation method:

[0046] A: Dissolve vitamin B in 10kg of water, then add naphthaleneacetic acid, sucrose, and bamboo vinegar and mix thoroughly to obtain a nutrient solution for later use.

[0047] B: Perlite was placed in a high-temperature furnace and heated to 500℃ at a rate of 50℃ / h. After holding at this temperature for 50 min, the temperature was increased to 1200℃ at a rate of 150℃ / h and held for 15 s before cooling to room temperature. Glycerol and 1,2-hexanediol were mixed to obtain a mixed solution. The solution was heated to 120℃ and the cooled perlite was added. The mixture was stirred at a constant temperature for 80 min. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was allowed to stand overnight. The solid phase was then filtered and collected. Sodium glycolate was dissolved in 60 kg of water and added to the solid phase. The mixture was ultrasonically treated at 40 kHz and 70℃ for 2 h. After ultrasonic treatment, the mixture was dried at 45℃ to obtain dried perlite. Glutamine was dissolved in 60 kg of water and added to the dried perlite in a reaction vessel. The mixture was reacted at 50℃ for 4 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature to obtain the treated perlite.

[0048] C: Mix the treated perlite with nutrient solution, straw residue, humus and peat moss evenly to obtain the cutting substrate. Adjust the moisture content of the cutting substrate to 70% and the pH to 6.5.

[0049] Comparative Example 1: Preparation of Cutting Matrix

[0050] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that bamboo vinegar was not added to the nutrient solution in step A of the cutting substrate preparation in Comparative Example 1, as detailed below:

[0051] A: Dissolve vitamin B in 7.5 kg of water, then add naphthaleneacetic acid and sucrose and stir thoroughly to obtain a nutrient solution;

[0052] B~C: Same as in Example 1.

[0053] Comparative Example 2: Preparation of Cutting Matrix

[0054] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 2, the perlite was not treated with a mixed solution in step B during the preparation of the cutting substrate, as detailed below:

[0055] A: Same as Example 1;

[0056] B: Place perlite in a high-temperature furnace and heat it to 450℃ at a rate of 45℃ / h. After holding at this temperature for 40 minutes, heat it to 1100℃ at a rate of 145℃ / h. After holding at this temperature for 10 seconds, cool it to room temperature. Dissolve sodium glycolate in 40kg of water and add it to the cooled perlite. Ultrasonically treat the perlite at 25KHz and 60℃ for 1.5 hours. After ultrasonic treatment, dry it at 45℃ to obtain dried perlite. Dissolve glutamine in 50kg of water and add it to the dried perlite in a reaction vessel. React at 45℃ for 4 hours. After the reaction is complete, cool it to room temperature to obtain treated perlite.

[0057] C: Same as in Example 1.

[0058] Comparative Example 3: Preparation of Cutting Matrix

[0059] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 3, sodium glycolate was not added to treat the perlite in step B during the preparation of the cutting substrate, as detailed below:

[0060] A: Same as Example 1;

[0061] B: Perlite was placed in a high-temperature furnace and heated to 450°C at a rate of 45°C / h. After holding at this temperature for 40 min, the temperature was increased to 1100°C at a rate of 145°C / h and held for 10 s before cooling to room temperature. Glycerol and 1,2-hexanediol were mixed to obtain a mixed solution. The solution was heated to 100°C and the cooled perlite was added. The mixture was stirred at a constant temperature for 60 min. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was allowed to stand overnight. The solid phase was then filtered and dried at 45°C to obtain dried perlite. Glutamine was dissolved in 50 kg of water and then added to the dried perlite in a reaction vessel. The mixture was reacted at 45°C for 4 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature to obtain the treated perlite.

[0062] C: Same as in Example 1.

[0063] Comparative Example 4: Preparation of Cutting Matrix

[0064] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 4, glutamine was not added to treat the perlite in step B during the preparation of the cutting substrate, as detailed below:

[0065] A: Same as Example 1;

[0066] B: Perlite was placed in a high-temperature furnace and heated to 450°C at a rate of 45°C / h. After holding at this temperature for 40 min, the temperature was increased to 1100°C at a rate of 145°C / h and held for 10 s before cooling to room temperature. Glycerol and 1,2-hexanediol were mixed to obtain a mixed solution. The solution was heated to 100°C and the cooled perlite was added. The mixture was stirred at a constant temperature for 60 min. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was allowed to stand overnight. The solid phase was then filtered and the solid phase was added to 40 kg of water to dissolve the sodium glycolate. The mixture was ultrasonically treated at 25 kHz and 60°C for 1.5 h. After ultrasonic treatment, the perlite was dried at 45°C to obtain the treated perlite.

[0067] C: Same as in Example 1.

[0068] Comparative Example 5: Preparation of Cutting Matrix

[0069] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the amount of perlite used in the preparation of the cutting substrate in Comparative Example 5 is 100 kg, while the amount of other raw materials and the preparation method are the same as in Example 1.

[0070] Comparative Example 6: Preparation of Cutting Matrix

[0071] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that no nutrient solution was added when preparing the cutting substrate in Comparative Example 6, while the other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0072] Comparative Example 7: Preparation of Cutting Matrix

[0073] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 7, the pH was adjusted to 7.5 in step C during the preparation of the cutting substrate; all other steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0074] Comparative Example 8: Preparation of Cutting Matrix

[0075] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 8, the pH was adjusted to 4 in step C during the preparation of the cutting substrate; all other steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0076] Comparative Example 9: Preparation of Cutting Matrix

[0077] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 9, the perlite was not treated during the preparation of the cutting substrate, and no nutrient solution was added, as detailed below:

[0078] Mix perlite with straw residue, humus, and peat moss evenly to obtain the cutting substrate. Adjust the moisture content of the cutting substrate to 65% and the pH to 6.

[0079] Example 4: Propagation method of Coptis chinensis by cuttings

[0080] (1) Site selection and preparation: Select soil with deep, fertile, loose soil rich in humus for cutting propagation. Apply about 3500 kg of manure per acre, plow and level the soil to a depth of about 30 cm, then adjust the soil moisture content to 55% and adjust the soil pH to 6 to obtain the cutting site.

[0081] (2) Cutting collection: When harvesting medicinal rhizomes of Coptis chinensis in mid-September, cut the root head with fibrous roots from healthy, disease-free Coptis chinensis plants 3-5 cm below the bud as cuttings.

[0082] (3) Cuttings: Dig a trench in the cutting site. The length of the trench should be appropriate to the length of the cutting site. The trench should be about 20cm wide, about 20cm deep, and about 15cm apart. After slightly compacting the soil at the bottom of the trench, fill it with the cutting substrate prepared in Example 1. Then insert the cuttings at a spacing of about 15cm. After slightly compacting the substrate around the cuttings, water thoroughly with rooting water.

[0083] (4) Shading treatment: Construct a shade canopy with a height of about 1.5m above the cutting site for shading, with a shading degree of about 75%;

[0084] (5) Post-planting care: Water in time to ensure that the soil moisture content of the substrate around the plant roots is within the range of 50% to 60%, and carry out topdressing, weeding and pest and disease control according to conventional methods.

[0085] Experiment 1: Determination of Matrix Cooling Performance

[0086] 1 kg of treated perlite was prepared according to the methods of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 2-4. Another 1 kg of untreated perlite (blank control) was taken and placed into five flowerpots with drainage holes at the bottom. Each pot was evenly sprayed with 200 g of water. After being placed at 32°C for 3 hours, the temperature of the perlite at the center of the pot was measured. This process was repeated three times, and the data are shown in Table 1.

[0087] Table 1

[0088] Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Blank control Temperature (°C) 26.1 27.9 26.6 26.8 28.4

[0089] Based on the data analysis in Table 1, we can conclude that:

[0090] After being placed at a relatively high ambient temperature of 32°C for 3 hours, the temperature in the middle of the perlite treated in Example 1 was significantly lower than that of the perlite treated in Comparative Examples 2-4 and the conventional perlite in the blank control group. This indicates that treating the perlite according to the method of the present invention and using it as a substrate for the cutting of Coptis chinensis can maintain a lower temperature suitable for the growth of Coptis chinensis.

[0091] In Comparative Example 2, the perlite was not treated with a mixed solution, and therefore the perlite failed to absorb heat effectively. Consequently, after being placed at a higher temperature for a period of time, its temperature rose due to heat conduction from the surrounding environment. In Comparative Examples 3 and 4, the perlite was not treated with sodium glycolate or glutamine, respectively. The water absorption and retention properties of the perlite were lower than those in Example 1. In Example 1, the perlite had better water absorption and retention properties. Therefore, after being placed at a higher temperature for a period of time, the perlite retained more water, and the evaporation carried away more heat, resulting in a decrease in the temperature of the middle part of the perlite. This indicates that treating the perlite with the method of the present invention improves its cooling and water retention properties, and can better create a cool and humid root environment. This environment is close to the environment of high-altitude areas where Coptis chinensis grows, which is conducive to improving the survival rate of Coptis chinensis cuttings and the accumulation of medicinal effects, thus improving the quality of Coptis chinensis.

[0092] Experiment 2: Propagation Experiment of Coptis chinensis by Cuttings

[0093] 1. The cutting substrates prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-9 were used for the propagation experiment of Coptis chinensis by cuttings. The experiment was conducted at Xi'an Botanical Garden in Shaanxi Province. An area was selected as the experimental area and divided into 10 sub-areas, corresponding to experimental group 1 and control groups 1-9.

[0094] Experimental group 1: The cutting substrate prepared in Example 1 and the cutting method in Example 4 were used;

[0095] Control groups 1-8: The cutting substrates of comparative examples 1-8 and the cutting method of example 4 were used respectively;

[0096] Control group 9 (blank control group): The cutting substrate of Comparative Example 9 and the cutting method of Example 4 were used.

[0097] 2. Each group of Coptis chinensis cuttings consisted of 50 plants. The survival rate of the cuttings was recorded 60 days after cutting. At harvest, 10 plants were randomly selected, and the average plant height of each group was recorded. The data were obtained through three replicates and are shown in Table 2.

[0098] Table 2

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] Based on the data analysis in Table 2, we can conclude that:

[0102] Using the cutting substrate prepared in Example 1 for the cutting of Coptis chinensis can provide a good environment for the growth of Coptis chinensis, improve the survival rate of cuttings, promote plant growth, and improve its quality. However, the survival rate of cuttings in control groups 1-8 and the blank control group all decreased to varying degrees. The survival rate of cuttings in the blank control group was particularly poor. This indicates that treating perlite according to the method of the present invention can provide a more suitable root environment for the growth of Coptis chinensis, and better improve the survival and growth of Coptis chinensis cuttings.

[0103] In control group 3, no sodium glycolate was added to the perlite during the preparation of the cutting substrate. Under the same management conditions, the poor water retention of the substrate in control group 3 led to faster water loss, affecting the temperature and moisture level of the substrate soil, which in turn affected the survival rate and growth of Coptis chinensis. In control group 4, no glutamine was added to the perlite during the preparation of the cutting substrate, resulting in the decomposition and loss of absorbed water, reducing the effectiveness of the substrate, and deteriorating the growth environment of Coptis chinensis, thus affecting its growth.

[0104] In control group 5, the amount of perlite used in the cutting substrate was reduced, which decreased the substrate's heat insulation, water retention, and air permeability, thus reducing the survival rate and growth of Coptis chinensis cuttings.

[0105] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Technical aspects, shapes, and structures not described in detail in this invention are all well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A method for propagating Coptis chinensis by cuttings, characterized in that, The method is as follows: (1) Site selection and land preparation: After applying fertilizer to the soil, plow and level it, and adjust the soil moisture content and pH to obtain the cutting site; (2) Cuttings collection: When harvesting medicinal rhizomes of Coptis chinensis in September and October, cut the root head of Coptis chinensis plant with fibrous roots 3-5cm below the bud as cuttings; (3) Cuttings: Dig a trench in the cutting ground, fill the trench with cutting substrate, and then insert the cuttings; (4) Shading treatment: A shade canopy is built above the cutting site for shading; (5) Post-operative care: Water in time to ensure that the moisture content of the cutting substrate in the trench is 50% to 60%, and then carry out maintenance according to conventional methods; The cutting substrate in step (3) comprises the following raw materials by weight: 0.01–0.016 parts naphthaleneacetic acid, 1–2 parts vitamin B, 0.8–1.8 parts sucrose, 1–2 parts bamboo vinegar, 160–220 parts perlite, 1–3 parts sodium glycolate, 2–3 parts glutamine, 15–20 parts 1,2-hexanediol, 65–90 parts glycerol, 15–20 parts straw residue, 20–30 parts humus, 50–70 parts peat moss; The method for preparing the cutting substrate is as follows: A: Dissolve naphthaleneacetic acid, vitamin B, sucrose, and bamboo vinegar in water to obtain a nutrient solution, and set aside for use; B: Place perlite in a high-temperature furnace and heat it to 400-500℃ at a rate of 40-50℃ / h. Hold the temperature for 30-50 min, then heat it to 1100-1200℃ at a rate of 140-150℃ / h. Hold the temperature for 8-15 s and then cool it to room temperature. Mix glycerol and 1,2-hexanediol to obtain a mixed solution. Heat the solution to 80-120℃ and add the cooled perlite. Stir the mixture at a constant temperature for 50-80 min. After the reaction is complete, let it stand overnight. Then filter to remove the filtrate and transfer it to a sodium glycolate aqueous solution for ultrasonic treatment. After ultrasonic treatment, dry the solution to obtain dried perlite. Place the dried perlite and glutamine aqueous solution in a reaction vessel and heat them to react. After the reaction is complete, cool the solution to room temperature to obtain the treated perlite. C: Mix the treated perlite with nutrient solution, straw residue, humus and peat moss evenly to obtain the cutting substrate, and adjust the pH and moisture content of the cutting substrate.

2. The method for propagating Coptis chinensis by cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the soil pH is adjusted to 5.5-6.5 and the soil moisture content is adjusted to 50%-60%.

3. The method for propagating Coptis chinensis by cuttings according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (3), the width of the trench is 15-25cm, the depth is 15-25cm, and the spacing between trenches is 12-16cm.

4. The method for propagating Coptis chinensis by cuttings according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (3), the spacing between cuttings is 10-20cm.

5. The method for propagating Coptis chinensis by cuttings according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step B, the ultrasonic frequency is 20–40 kHz, the ultrasonic time is 1–3 h, and the ultrasonic temperature is 55–70 °C.

6. The method for propagating Coptis chinensis by cuttings according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step B, the reaction temperature in the reactor is 40–50°C, and the reaction time is 3–5 hours.

7. The method for propagating Coptis chinensis by cuttings according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step C, the moisture content of the cutting substrate is adjusted to 60-70%, and the pH is adjusted to 5.5-6.

5.

8. The method for propagating Coptis chinensis by cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that... In step (4), the height of the sunshade canopy is 1.5 to 2 meters, and the shading degree is 70 to 80%.

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