A pultrusion apparatus for irregular cross-section profiles and a method for adjusting straightness.

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of profiled cross-section section material's pultrusion equipment, including the die frame, pultrusion mould that are sequentially arranged, the angle of die frame relative to pultrusion mould entrance is adjustable.A kind of profiled cross-section section material pultrusion straightness adjusting method, including according to the straightness of section material after pultrusion mould, with the end of die frame close to pultrusion mould as pivot adjustment angle of die frame, when section material is bent upwards, downwardly turn die frame;When section material is bent downwards, upwardly turn die frame;When section material is bent left, right turn die frame;When section material is bent right, left turn die frame.The present application carries out fiber tension control before product forming, solves the problem from the source, rather than product after forming external force correction, there is no risk of damaging product in correction process, solve the problem that the straightness of fiber reinforced composite pultrusion profiled cross-section section material is poor, improve production yield, thereby reduce manufacturing cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of composite material processing technology, specifically to a pultrusion device for irregular cross-section profiles and a method for adjusting straightness. Background Technology

[0002] Pultrusion molding of fiber-reinforced composites involves passing impregnated continuous fibers through a mold with a specific cross-sectional shape, curing or gelling them within the mold cavity, then removing them from the mold and heating them to cure again. Under the action of traction machinery, infinitely long profile products can be continuously drawn out. The fibers of the pultruded profile are positioned by tooling holes before entering the mold to ensure uniform fiber distribution. For regular cross-section profiles with multiple axes of symmetry, such as rectangular or circular sections, the tooling holes are symmetrically arranged, resulting in a symmetrical distribution of fiber tension and ensuring the straightness of the profile. However, for irregular cross-section profiles, such as unequal-sided right angles or arcs, the tooling holes are asymmetrically arranged, typically leading to poorer straightness in the product.

[0003] For pultruded profiles with irregular cross-sections, current technologies mostly involve physical adjustment of straightness after the pultruded product has exited the mold and solidified. However, this method has minimal effect and can easily damage the product when external force is applied. Existing pultrusion equipment, such as... Figure 1 As shown. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One object of the present invention is to provide a pultrusion apparatus for profiles with irregular cross-sections, and in particular a pultrusion apparatus for profiles with adjustable straightness.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A pultrusion apparatus for irregular cross-section profiles includes a die set and a pultrusion die arranged in sequence, wherein the angle of the die set relative to the inlet of the pultrusion die is adjustable.

[0007] Preferably, in the above technical solution, one end of the mold frame is rotatably connected to one end of the pultrusion die, so that the mold frame can be adjusted upward, downward, left or right relative to the inlet of the pultrusion die.

[0008] Preferably, the above technical solution includes a mold frame body and a mold frame connector. The mold frame connector is connected to one end of the mold frame body. The mold frame connector has a hollow connecting cavity with openings at both ends. The inner wall surface of the connecting cavity is at least partially spherical.

[0009] The pultrusion die includes a die body and a die connector. The pultrusion die inlet is located on the die connector. The die connector is at least partially spherical. The die connector extends into the die frame connector from the opening at one end of the connecting cavity. The pultrusion die inlet of the die connector is exposed from the opening at one end of the connecting cavity of the die frame connector, so that one end of the die frame is rotatably connected to one end of the pultrusion die.

[0010] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the pultrusion equipment further includes a bobbin, which includes a fixed base, a shaft body connected to the fixed base, and a damper. The damper is connected to the shaft body and is used to adjust the torque of the shaft body.

[0011] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the mold frame includes a mold frame body, the mold frame body includes an upper mold frame, a lower mold frame and a positioning plate, the positioning plate is disposed between the upper mold frame and the lower mold frame, and the positioning plate is provided with yarn holes, the arrangement shape of the yarn holes being consistent with the shape of the profile cross-section.

[0012] More preferably, multiple positioning plates are provided, and the multiple positioning plates are distributed along the yarn conveying direction.

[0013] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the pultrusion die includes a die body and a heating sleeve, wherein the heating sleeve is fitted around the outer periphery of the die body and is used to heat the interior of the die body.

[0014] More preferably, multiple heating sleeves are provided, and the multiple heating sleeves are distributed along the extension direction of the mold body.

[0015] Preferably, the pultrusion equipment further includes a bobbin, a glue tank, and a traction machine, wherein the bobbin, glue tank, mold frame, pultrusion mold, and traction machine are arranged sequentially.

[0016] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for adjusting the straightness of pultruded profiles with irregular cross-sections, thereby controlling the straightness of pultruded products.

[0017] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0018] A method for adjusting the straightness of pultruded profiles with irregular cross-sections, using pultrusion equipment for the irregular cross-section profiles, includes adjusting the angle of the die set based on the straightness of the profile after it exits the pultrusion die, with the end of the die set closest to the pultrusion die as the pivot point. When the profile bends upward, the die set is rotated downward; when the profile bends downward, the die set is rotated upward; when the profile bends to the left, the die set is rotated to the right; when the profile bends to the right, the die set is rotated to the left.

[0019] Preferably, the method further includes a step of fine-tuning the yarn tension after the straightness of the profile is improved. When the profile bends upward, the yarn tension in the lower part of the profile is increased or the yarn tension in the upper part of the profile is decreased; when the profile bends downward, the yarn tension in the upper part of the profile is increased or the yarn tension in the lower part of the profile is decreased; when the profile bends to the left, the yarn tension in the right part of the profile is increased or the yarn tension in the left part of the profile is decreased; when the profile bends to the right, the yarn tension in the left part of the profile is increased or the yarn tension in the right part of the profile is decreased.

[0020] More preferably, when adjusting the yarn tension, the adjustment is made by 5 to 20 N each time.

[0021] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the mold frame angle is adjusted by 1 to 2 degrees each time.

[0022] The design principle of this invention is as follows:

[0023] Poor straightness is caused by uneven tension distribution and resin shrinkage during fiber pultrusion, with uneven fiber tension being the main cause. In this invention, the vertical and horizontal angles of the mold frame and the pultrusion die are adjustable before the yarn enters the mold, so as to adjust the tension distribution before the fiber enters the mold; combined with the adjustable torque of the bobbin, the fiber tension is controlled to achieve the purpose of adjusting the straightness of the product.

[0024] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0025] This invention controls fiber tension before product molding, addressing the problem at its source rather than requiring external force correction after product molding. This eliminates the risk of product damage during the correction process, solves the problem of poor straightness in pultruded profiles of fiber-reinforced composite materials, improves production yield, and thus reduces manufacturing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of existing pultrusion equipment;

[0027] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pultrusion equipment in this embodiment;

[0028] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spool structure in this embodiment;

[0029] Appendix Figure 4 This is an assembly diagram of the mold frame and pultrusion die in this embodiment;

[0030] Appendix Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembly of the mold frame and pultrusion die in this embodiment;

[0031] Appendix Figure 6For the appendix Figure 4 A side view diagram;

[0032] Appendix Figure 7 For the appendix Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the AA section;

[0033] Appendix Figure 8-11 This is a schematic diagram of the mold frame adjustment in this embodiment.

[0034] In the attached diagrams above:

[0035] 1. Bollard; 10. Mounting base; 11. Shaft body; 12. Damper;

[0036] 2. Glue tank;

[0037] 3. Mold frame; 300. Upper mold frame; 301. Lower mold frame; 31. Positioning plate; 310. Yarn hole; 32. Mold frame connector; 320. Connecting cavity;

[0038] 4. Pultrusion die; 40. Die body; 41. Die connector; 42. Heating jacket;

[0039] 5. Traction machine;

[0040] 60. Yarn; 61. Profile. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] like Figure 2 The diagram shows a pultrusion apparatus for irregularly shaped cross-section profiles. The irregularly shaped cross-section profiles can be unequal right angles, arcs, L-shapes, etc. This embodiment specifically takes an L-shaped cross-section profile as an example.

[0044] The pultrusion equipment specifically includes a bobbin 1, a glue tank 2, a die set 3, a pultrusion die 4, and a traction machine 5, which are arranged sequentially. Among them:

[0045] The bobbin 1 uses an adjustable torque shaft to regulate the yarn tension. In this embodiment, the bobbin 1 includes a fixed base 10, a shaft body 11, and a damper 12. The damper 12 is connected to the shaft body 11 and mounted on the fixed base 10. The torque of the shaft body 11 is adjusted by the damper 12. The shaft body 11 can also be a self-expanding shaft to ensure a firm contact between the yarn bobbin and the shaft body 11, such as... Figure 3 As shown, multiple sets of spools 1 are provided, and the torque of each set of spools 1 can be adjusted independently, thereby adjusting the tension at different positions of the profile.

[0046] like Figure 4-7 As shown: The angle of the die holder 3 relative to the inlet of the pultrusion die 4 is adjustable. Specifically, one end of the die holder 3 is rotatably connected to one end (inlet end) of the pultrusion die 4, allowing the die holder 3 to be adjusted upwards, downwards, leftwards, or rightwards relative to the inlet of the pultrusion die 4. In more detail:

[0047] In this embodiment: the mold frame 3 includes a mold frame body and a mold frame connector 32. The mold frame body includes an upper mold frame 300, a lower mold frame 301, and a positioning plate 31. The positioning plate 31 is disposed between the upper mold frame 300 and the lower mold frame 301. The positioning plate 31 has yarn holes 310, and the arrangement shape of the yarn holes 310 is consistent with the shape of the profile cross-section. Multiple positioning plates 31 are provided, and the multiple positioning plates 31 are distributed along the yarn conveying direction. Two are shown as an example in the figure. The mold frame connector 32 is connected to one end of the mold frame body. The mold frame connector 32 has a hollow connecting cavity 320, and the two ends of the connecting cavity 320 have openings. The inner wall surface of the connecting cavity 320 is at least partially spherical.

[0048] The pultrusion die 4 includes a die body 40, a die connector 41, and a heating jacket 42. The inlet of the pultrusion die 4 is located on the die connector 41, which is at least partially spherical. To facilitate the opening of the inlet, the surface of the die connector 41 facing the die holder 3 is flat. The die connector 41 extends into the die holder connector 32 through an opening at one end of the connecting cavity 320, and the inlet of the die connector 41 protrudes from the opening at one end of the connecting cavity 320. Thus, the spherical connecting cavity 320 of the die holder connector 32, in conjunction with the spherical die connector 41, allows one end of the die holder 3 to be rotatably connected to one end of the pultrusion die 4, thereby adjusting the angle of the die holder 3 relative to the pultrusion die 4. In this embodiment, the pultrusion die 4 remains stationary, while the angle is adjusted by rotating the die holder 3.

[0049] Heating sleeves 42 are fitted around the outer periphery of the mold body 40 to heat the inside of the mold body 40. Multiple heating sleeves 42 are provided and distributed along the extension direction of the mold body 40.

[0050] The working process of the pultrusion equipment in this embodiment is described in detail below:

[0051] Based on the specific shape of the irregular cross-section profile, we can analyze the possible reasons for poor straightness. Taking the L-shaped profile as an example, the tension at the two corners of the L-shaped profile is relatively large, and the prestress after molding is relatively large, which can easily lead to poor straightness of the pultruded product.

[0052] Adjust the mold frame 3 according to the specific shape of the irregular cross-section profile, and minimize the angle between the outer yarn of the fiber and the entrance of the mold body 40, if the process allows.

[0053] Adjust the tension of spool 1 to stabilize the yarn tension.

[0054] Based on the straightness of the profile after pultrusion from die 4, the angle of die set 3 is adjusted by rotating the die set connector 32. When the profile bends upward, the die set 3 is rotated downward. Figure 8 As shown; when the profile bends downwards, rotate the mold frame 3 upwards, as... Figure 9 As shown; when the profile bends to the left, rotate mold frame 3 to the right, as... Figure 10 As shown; when the profile bends to the right, rotate mold frame 3 to the left, as... Figure 11 As shown, the angle is adjusted by 1 to 2 degrees each time, and adjustments are made in small amounts and multiple times.

[0055] After improving the straightness of the profile, the fine-tuning of the yarn tension is achieved by adjusting the torque of spool 1. When the profile bends upward, increase the tension of the lower yarn (corresponding to the torque of spool 1, the same below) or decrease the tension of the upper yarn; when the profile bends downward, increase the tension of the upper yarn or decrease the tension of the lower yarn; when the profile bends to the left, increase the tension of the right yarn or decrease the tension of the left yarn; when the profile bends to the right, increase the tension of the left yarn or decrease the tension of the right yarn. Each adjustment should be between 5N and 20N, and adjustments should be made in small increments multiple times.

[0056] Finally, the straightness of the yarn was adjusted.

[0057] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pultrusion device for a profile of a profiled cross-section, comprising a die carrier, a pultrusion die arranged in succession, characterized in that: The mold frame includes a mold frame body and a mold frame connector. The mold frame connector is connected to one end of the mold frame body and has a hollow connecting cavity with openings at both ends. The inner wall surface of the connecting cavity is at least partially spherical. The pultrusion die includes a die body and a die connector. The pultrusion die inlet is opened on the die connector. The die connector is at least partially spherical and extends into the mold frame connector from the opening at one end of the connecting cavity. The pultrusion die inlet of the die connector protrudes from the opening at one end of the connecting cavity, allowing one end of the mold frame to be rotatably connected to one end of the pultrusion die. The angle of the mold frame relative to the pultrusion die inlet is adjustable.

2. A pultrusion apparatus for profiled sections according to claim 1, characterised in that: The pultrusion equipment further includes a bobbin, which includes a fixed base, a shaft body connected to the fixed base, and a damper. The damper is connected to the shaft body and is used to adjust the torque of the shaft body.

3. The pultrusion apparatus for profiled cross-section sections according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mold frame includes a mold frame body, which includes an upper mold frame, a lower mold frame, and a positioning plate. The positioning plate is disposed between the upper mold frame and the lower mold frame. The positioning plate has yarn holes, and the arrangement shape of the yarn holes is consistent with the shape of the profile cross-section.

4. The pultrusion apparatus for profiled cross-section sections of claim 1, characterized in that: The pultrusion die includes a die body and a heating sleeve, which is fitted around the outer periphery of the die body for heating the interior of the die body.

5. The pultrusion apparatus for profiled cross-section sections of claim 1, characterized in that: The pultrusion equipment also includes a bobbin, a glue tank, and a traction machine, which are arranged in sequence.

6. A method of straightness adjustment of a profiled section pultrusion, characterised by: It employs a pultrusion apparatus for profiles with irregular cross sections as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising adjusting the angle of the mold frame based on the straightness of the profile after it comes out of the pultrusion die, with the end of the mold frame close to the pultrusion die as the turning point, and rotating the mold frame downward when the profile bends upward. When the profile bends downward, rotate the mold frame upward; when the profile bends to the left, rotate the mold frame to the right; when the profile bends to the right, rotate the mold frame to the left.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein: The method also includes a step of fine-tuning the yarn tension after the straightness of the profile is improved: when the profile bends upward, increase the yarn tension in the lower part of the profile or decrease the yarn tension in the upper part of the profile; when the profile bends downward, increase the yarn tension in the upper part of the profile or decrease the yarn tension in the lower part of the profile; when the profile bends to the left, increase the yarn tension in the right part of the profile or decrease the yarn tension in the left part of the profile; when the profile bends to the right, increase the yarn tension in the left part of the profile or decrease the yarn tension in the right part of the profile.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein: When adjusting the mold frame angle, adjust by 1 to 2° each time; when adjusting the yarn tension, adjust by 5 to 20N each time.

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