Water phase heavy metal removal agent floating carrier and water phase heavy metal removal method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of water phase heavy metal removal agent floating carrier and water phase heavy metal removal method, wherein water phase heavy metal removal agent floating carrier includes carrier floating cap, outer support, inner support, multiple medicament filter cartridges, water flow channel, microfluidic channel, micro pore, carrier floating cap is hollow shell structure, for providing buoyancy in water phase;Multiple medicament filter cartridges are respectively arranged in each bearing position, and medicament filter cartridge is used to accommodate and support medicament;Water flow channel is arranged in the middle of outer support, and it is venturi structure, for guiding water flow through carrier;Microfluidic channel is arranged in the outer support, and is connected with the water flow channel;Micro pore is communicated with the microfluidic channel.Compared with prior art, the present application has the characteristics of simple form, large medicament contact area, anti-fouling and the like, meets the need of water phase heavy metal repair.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of water phase heavy metal remediation, in particular to a water phase heavy metal removal agent floating carrier and a water phase heavy metal removal method. BACKGROUND

[0002] How to efficiently and cheaply remove heavy metal pollutants in paddy fields has become a hot and difficult point at present. At present, the heavy metal treatment of water fields, rivers and channels mostly adopts industrial site pollution treatment technology, which has large investment and is easy to cause secondary pollution. The biological treatment technology of heavy metals is not mature enough, and there are problems such as long treatment cycle. Because a large amount of water is needed during the growth of rice, therefore, the pollution soil leaching remediation technology combined with irrigation may become a fast, efficient and low-cost heavy metal contaminated paddy soil remediation technology.

[0003] At present, there are few records of traditional remediation agent carriers. The carriers used in engineering are mainly chemical filler carriers, which generally have the problems of poor pollution resistance and poor reusability. At the same time, the records in the literature are mainly wrapped with filter screens, which also have the problem of poor pollution resistance.

[0004] The patent "Nanosponge loaded phosphoric acid modified chitosan composite material, preparation method and application" (202210741043.X) discloses a nanosponge loaded phosphoric acid modified chitosan composite material, preparation method and application. The method comprises the following steps: 1. Weigh the chitosan / polyvinyl alcohol and add it to the deionized water, stir at a set temperature, and get a sol of a set proportion, 2. At room temperature, 0.5*0.5*0.5cm square nanosponge is placed in the chitosan / polyvinyl alcohol sol prepared in step 1 for a set time, and then hardened in a set concentration of sodium hydroxide solution for a set time, and then separated, washed to get nanosponge loaded chitosan composite material, and then added to tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution for a set time of soaking. The invention has the advantages of low price, simple operation, easy recovery and utilization of the agent. However, the invention has the problem of non-selectivity of the sponge, which is easy to be contaminated by other pollutants when used in water.

[0005] Patent "A High-Efficiency Adsorption Carrier for Wastewater Treatment" (202120117141.7) discloses a high-efficiency adsorption carrier for wastewater treatment, including a first outer fixing frame with eight first fixing supports fixedly installed on the inner side of the first outer fixing frame. This high-efficiency adsorption carrier utilizes uniformly distributed first, second, and third wastewater treatment components to increase the contact area between the device and the wastewater. Activated carbon and polyurethane porous hydrophilic gel loaded with nanoparticles possess filtration, adsorption, and nanoparticle physicochemical effects, increasing the device's wastewater treatment capacity. The device is easy to operate, with a compact overall structure, reasonable design, and convenient use. However, this device cannot remove pollutant particles from the outer surface during use, and its adsorption capacity is significantly affected by particles such as sludge. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a simple and efficient aqueous heavy metal removal agent flotation carrier and aqueous heavy metal removal method.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The first aspect of this invention provides a floating carrier for an aqueous heavy metal removal agent, comprising a carrier floating cap, an outer support, an inner support, multiple agent filter cartridges, a water flow channel, a microfluidic channel, and micropores, wherein specifically:

[0009] The carrier float cap is a hollow shell structure used to provide buoyancy in the aqueous phase;

[0010] The outer support is located below the floating cap of the carrier;

[0011] The inner support is located within the outer support, forming multiple load-bearing positions;

[0012] Multiple reagent filter cartridges are respectively located in each bearing position, and the reagent filter cartridges are used to contain and support the reagents;

[0013] The water flow channel is located in the middle of the outer support and has a Venturi tube structure, which is used to guide the water flow through the carrier;

[0014] The microfluidic channel is located in the outer support and connected to the water flow channel to form a negative pressure water absorption condition, so that the water in the microfluidic channel is drawn into the water flow channel.

[0015] Micro-channels are provided on the inner support and are connected to the microfluidic channel, so that some water in the drug filter cartridge is drawn into the micro-channels and enters the microfluidic channel from the micro-channels.

[0016] Furthermore, the carrier floating cap includes a regular hexagonal prism main structure and a hemispherical top structure disposed on the regular hexagonal prism main structure.

[0017] Furthermore, each face of the hexagonal prism main structure of the carrier floating cap is provided with multiple concave and convex snap-fit ​​interfaces for splicing multiple carriers. The spliced ​​multiple carriers achieve stable coverage of the water medium to be repaired.

[0018] Furthermore, the inner support is a multi-layer partition frame structure disposed in the outer support, and the multi-layer partition frame structure is provided with multiple bearing positions.

[0019] Furthermore, the pharmaceutical filter cartridge is a cylindrical structure made of filter screen, and the pharmaceutical agent is loaded in the pharmaceutical filter cartridge;

[0020] Each bearing position of the inner support is provided with multiple support ribs, and the drug filter cartridge is disposed on the support ribs. The support ribs are used to support the drug filter cartridge, so that a micro-channel is formed between the drug filter cartridge and the partition of the inner support.

[0021] Furthermore, the chemical filter cartridge has a cylindrical structure, and the mesh cross-section of the filter screen of the chemical filter cartridge is trapezoidal with a pore size ranging from 50μm to 5mm. The number of chemical filter cartridges is increased or decreased according to the depth of the water medium to be repaired.

[0022] Furthermore, the inlet diameter of the water flow channel outside the outer support is between 1 / 5 of the carrier floating cap and the outer diameter of the agent filter cartridge, and the diameter at the smallest point in the middle of the water flow channel is less than 1 / 2 of the outer hole diameter.

[0023] The microfluidic channel is connected to multiple micro-channels at the same time, and the outlet of the microfluidic channel is connected to the middle of the water flow channel, so as to achieve water intake through the Venturi effect.

[0024] The diameter of the micro-channels ranges from 0.5 mm to 50 mm.

[0025] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for removing heavy metals from an aqueous phase using the above-described carrier, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Pretreatment involves detecting the types and concentrations of heavy metals in the aqueous phase, and selecting and loading appropriate heavy metal removal agents.

[0027] Carrier deployment: The assembled carrier is placed into the water medium to be repaired.

[0028] For the removal of heavy metals in the aqueous phase, the negative pressure formed by the carrier is used to draw out the water, so that the polluted water comes into contact with the reagent and flows out after the reaction.

[0029] The agent is recovered / replaced, the carrier is recovered, and the agent in the filter cartridge is replaced before it is put back into use.

[0030] Furthermore, the particle size of the pharmaceutical agent is greater than 60 μm to ensure effective filtration by the pharmaceutical filter cartridge.

[0031] Furthermore, when releasing the carrier, only part of the carrier's floating cap is exposed above the water surface to prevent the carrier from accumulating or forming layers.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advantages:

[0033] 1) In this invention, the narrow channels in the carrier water flow channel can form a Venturi effect, thereby creating negative pressure in the microfluidic channel, which allows the carrier's micropores to absorb water from the surrounding water, improving the repair rate. The setting of the carrier's micropores also increases the contact area between the agent and the aqueous contaminants, enhancing the agent's repair rate.

[0034] 2) In this invention, the carrier has a certain anti-pollution and self-cleaning ability. The set micro-channels have a certain water flow rate, which makes it difficult for small-pore filter media to form bridging and adhesion on the surface of the media during operation, reducing the formation of filter cake or blockage, and further enhancing the repair efficiency of the agent.

[0035] 3) This invention has the characteristics of simple form, large contact area of ​​the agent, and anti-fouling, which meets the needs of water phase heavy metal remediation. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the floating carrier for the aqueous heavy metal removal agent in this invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the medicine filter cartridge in this invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the microfluidic channel structure in this invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting rib structure in this invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional area of ​​the filter screen in this invention.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Floating cap - 2. Chemical filter cartridge - 3. Water flow channel - 4. Microfluidic channel - 5. Filter screen - 6. Micropores - 7. Support rib - 8. Outer support - 9. Inner support. Detailed Implementation

[0042] Overall, the floating carrier in this invention mainly consists of a carrier floating cap, a reagent filter cartridge, a water flow channel, a microfluidic channel, a filter screen, micropores, support ribs, an outer support, and an inner support. The carrier floating cap is located at the top, and its lower part is connected to the outer support. The outer support contains the water flow channel, the microfluidic channel, and the support ribs. The reagent filter cartridge is made of filter screen and is placed horizontally on the support ribs inside the inner support. The reagent is placed inside the filter cartridge, and the gap between the filter cartridge supported by the support ribs and the inner support forms an annular micropore. This invention is mainly applied to the remediation of heavy metals in aqueous phases, especially suitable for the leaching remediation of heavy metal-contaminated paddy soil. The narrow channel in the water flow channel can generate a Venturi effect, thereby creating negative pressure in the microfluidic channel. This allows the micropores of the carrier to absorb water from the surrounding water, increasing the contact area between the carried heavy metal removal agent and the aqueous pollutants. At the same time, because the micropores have a certain water flow velocity, the formation of clogging on the filter screen can be reduced, ensuring the efficiency of reagent use. Compared with existing technologies, it has the advantages of simple form, large contact area of ​​reagent, and resistance to fouling, thus meeting the needs of water-phase heavy metal remediation.

[0043] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Component models, material names, connection structures, control methods, algorithms, and other features not explicitly described in this technical solution are considered common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] This embodiment provides a floating carrier for an aqueous heavy metal removal agent and its application. The floating carrier mainly consists of a carrier float cap 1, an agent filter cartridge 2, a water flow channel 3, a microfluidic channel 4, a filter screen 5, micropores 6, support ribs 7, an outer support 8, and an inner support 9. See [link to documentation]. Figure 1 The carrier floating cap 1 is located at the top, and its lower part is connected to the outer support 8. The outer support 8 is provided with a water flow channel 3, a microfluidic channel 4, a support rib 7, and an inner support 9. The drug filter cartridge 2 is made of filter screen 5 and is placed horizontally on the support rib 7 inside the inner support 9. The drug is placed inside the filter cartridge 2. The gap in the filter cartridge 2 supported by the support rib 7 and the inner support 9 form an annular micro-channel 6. See [reference needed] Figure 2 and 4 .

[0046] The carrier float cap 1 has a circular top and a regular hexagonal bottom, and is made entirely of organic material. It floats in water. The top is a smooth hemispherical structure. Because the center of gravity of the entire carrier is located at the bottom of the float cap 1, carriers stacked on top of it will freely slide into the water. Due to water flow fluctuations, this prevents multiple carriers from forming a stacked structure when they are submerged together. Additionally, each side of the hexagonal bottom has a concave-convex interface. (See attached image.) Figure 3It can achieve splicing of multiple carriers, and the spliced ​​multiple carriers can achieve stable coverage of the water medium to be repaired.

[0047] The pharmaceutical filter cartridge 2 has a cylindrical structure and is made of filter screen 5. It is placed horizontally inside the carrier. The cross-section of the mesh of filter screen 5 is trapezoidal. (See attached image.) Figure 5 The pores in the part in contact with the water flow are small, and the reagent particles accumulate inside the reagent filter cartridge 2. The pore size distribution is related to the particle size of the reagent, and the pore size range is generally 50μm-5mm. The number of reagent filter cartridges can be increased or decreased according to the depth of the water medium to be repaired. The water flow channel 3 is located in the middle of the outer support 8, and the whole structure is a Venturi tube with large ends and small middle. Its external opening diameter is not greater than 1 / 5 of the carrier floating cap 1, nor less than the outer diameter of the reagent filter cartridge 2. The inner hole diameter is smaller than the outer hole diameter, and the inner hole diameter is smaller than 1 / 2 of the outer hole diameter. This structure is connected to the microfluidic channel 4. Each side of the carrier has a water flow channel 3, and the number of water flow channels 3 can be increased or decreased according to the actual number of filter cartridges.

[0048] The width of the support rib 7 corresponding to each microchannel 6 ranges from 0.5mm to 50mm, and the microchannel 6 is connected to the microfluidic channel 4.

[0049] The present invention discloses a floating carrier for an aqueous heavy metal removal agent and its application, comprising the following steps:

[0050] (1) Preprocessing

[0051] The pretreatment process includes detecting the types and concentrations of heavy metals in the water phase, selecting the heavy metal removal agent to be carried based on the monitoring data, with the agent particles having a diameter greater than 60 micrometers, installing the assembled agent filter cartridge inside the frame of the floating carrier, and assembling several floating carriers according to the area and volume of the water medium to be repaired, in preparation for release into the designated water.

[0052] (2) Carrier deployment

[0053] After the installed carrier is transported to the vicinity of the water medium to be repaired, it is unloaded into the water. The agent part of the carrier is submerged in the water, with only part of the floating cap 1 exposed. Due to the distribution of the carrier's center of gravity and the smooth structure of the floating cap, the carrier generally does not accumulate or stratify.

[0054] (3) Aqueous phase heavy metal removal

[0055] During operation, the water flows through the water flow channel 3 and forms a certain negative pressure in the microfluidic channel 4 connected to it. This continuously draws the water phase out from the micro-pores 6, allowing the polluted water to continuously come into contact with the heavy metal removal agent in the reagent cylinder. After the reaction, the water flows out, and the flowing water also carries away the solid substances in the original water, prolonging the time before the filter screen 5 becomes clogged.

[0056] (4) Drug recovery / replacement

[0057] Floating carriers scattered in the water can be recovered using tools such as boats or fishing nets. After recovery, the carriers only need to have the chemicals in the chemical filter cartridge 2 replaced and the pretreatment operation repeated before they can be put back into use.

[0058] Application Example 1

[0059] The same apparatus as in Example 1 was used to remove cadmium from paddy soil (rice paddy soil). The specific steps are as follows:

[0060] (1) Preprocessing

[0061] The cadmium content in the paddy field soil was 3.69 mg / kg, and the pH was 4.91. The cadmium content exceeded the corresponding risk screening value of the "Soil Environmental Quality Standard for Agricultural Land Soil Pollution Risk Control (Trial)" (GB 15618-2018). The paddy field was irrigated, and the topsoil was tilled using farming equipment. Enhanced remediation equipment was used to strengthen the desorption and leaching of cadmium from the soil. After sedimentation for 3 hours, the cadmium concentration in the supernatant was measured.

[0062] The cadmium concentration in the supernatant was approximately 37 μg / L. Molecular sieves with adsorption effects on the heavy metal cadmium were selected as the removal agent. The particle size of the added agent was approximately 100 micrometers. The assembled agent filter cartridge 2 was installed inside the frame of the floating carrier. The specific number of filter cartridges was determined based on the depth of the supernatant in the paddy field irrigation water. Based on the area of ​​the paddy field to be restored, approximately 300 carriers were required.

[0063] (2) Carrier application and paddy field soil remediation

[0064] The installed carrier is placed in the paddy field to be repaired, and the purpose of repairing the paddy field soil is achieved by removing heavy metals from the supernatant.

[0065] (3) Drug recovery / replacement

[0066] After approximately four days of repair, the cadmium concentration in the supernatant decreased from 37 μg / L to 5 μg / L. The floating carriers scattered in the irrigation water supernatant were recovered. After recovery, the carriers only needed to have the molecular sieve inside the filter cartridge 2 replaced, and the pretreatment process repeated until they were ready for the next use.

[0067] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating carrier for an aqueous heavy metal removal agent, characterized in that, include: The carrier floating cap (1) is a hollow shell structure used to provide buoyancy in the aqueous phase; An outer support (8) is provided below the carrier floating cap (1); An inner support (9) is provided in the outer support (8) to form multiple bearing positions; Multiple drug filter cartridges (2) are respectively located in each bearing position. The drug filter cartridges (2) are used to contain and support the drug. The water flow channel (3) is located in the middle of the outer support (8) and has a Venturi tube structure, which is used to guide the water flow through the carrier; The microfluidic channel (4) is located in the outer support (8) and connected to the water flow channel (3) to form a negative pressure water absorption condition, so that the water in the microfluidic channel (4) is drawn into the water flow channel (3); Micro-channels (6) are provided on the inner support (9). The micro-channels (6) are connected to the microfluidic channel (4), so that some water in the drug filter cartridge (2) is drawn into the micro-channels (6) and enters the microfluidic channel (4) from the micro-channels (6).

2. The floating carrier for an aqueous heavy metal removal agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carrier floating cap (1) includes a regular hexagonal prism main structure and a hemispherical top structure disposed on the regular hexagonal prism main structure.

3. The floating carrier for an aqueous heavy metal removal agent according to claim 2, characterized in that, The carrier floating cap (1) has multiple concave and convex card interfaces on each face of its regular hexagonal prism main structure, which are used to splice multiple carriers.

4. The floating carrier for an aqueous heavy metal removal agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner support (9) is a multi-layer partition frame structure located in the outer support (8), and the multi-layer partition frame structure is provided with multiple bearing positions.

5. The floating carrier for an aqueous heavy metal removal agent according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drug filter cartridge (2) is a cylindrical structure made of filter screen, and the drug is loaded in the drug filter cartridge (2); Each bearing position of the inner support (9) is provided with multiple support ribs (7), and the drug filter cartridge (2) is provided on the support ribs (7). The support ribs (7) are used to support the drug filter cartridge (2), so that a micro-channel (6) is formed between the drug filter cartridge (2) and the partition of the inner support (9).

6. The floating carrier for an aqueous heavy metal removal agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chemical filter cartridge (2) has a cylindrical structure. The mesh cross-section of the filter screen of the chemical filter cartridge (2) is trapezoidal, and the pore size ranges from 50μm to 5mm. The number of chemical filter cartridges (2) is increased or decreased according to the depth of the water medium to be repaired.

7. The floating carrier for an aqueous heavy metal removal agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet diameter of the water flow channel (3) outside the outer support (8) is between 1 / 5 of the carrier floating cap (1) and the outer diameter of the drug filter cartridge (2), and the diameter at the smallest point in the middle of the water flow channel (3) is less than 1 / 2 of the outer hole diameter. The microfluidic channel (4) is connected to multiple micro-channels (6) at the same time, and the outlet of the microfluidic channel (4) is connected to the middle of the water flow channel (3) to achieve water intake through the Venturi effect; The diameter of the micro-channels (6) ranges from 0.5 mm to 50 mm.

8. A method for removing heavy metals from an aqueous phase using the carrier according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Pretreatment involves detecting the types and concentrations of heavy metals in the aqueous phase, and selecting and loading appropriate heavy metal removal agents. Carrier deployment: The assembled carrier is placed into the water medium to be repaired. For the removal of heavy metals in the aqueous phase, the negative pressure formed by the carrier is used to draw out the water, allowing the polluted water to come into contact with the reagent, and then flow out after the reaction. The agent is recovered / replaced, the carrier is recovered, and the agent in the filter cartridge is replaced before it is put back into use.

9. The method for removing heavy metals from aqueous phase according to claim 8, characterized in that, The particle size of the pharmaceutical agent is greater than 60 μm to ensure effective filtration by the pharmaceutical filter cartridge.

10. The method for removing heavy metals from aqueous phase according to claim 8, characterized in that, When releasing the carrier, only part of the carrier's floating cap (1) is exposed above the water surface to prevent the carrier from accumulating or forming layers.

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