A three-dimensional electrocoagulation device for efficient removal of phosphorus pollutants from surface water

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional electric flocculation device for efficiently removing phosphorus pollutants from surface water, comprising a reaction container, wherein leg-type supports are arranged on both sides of the lower end of the reaction container, a sludge outlet is arranged at the lower end of the reaction container, a water inlet is arranged at the upper end of the reaction container, a water outlet is arranged at one side of the reaction container, an electrolysis reaction zone, a filtration zone and a precipitation zone are arranged in the reaction container, a filtration zone is arranged outside the electrolysis reaction zone, a precipitation zone is arranged below the electrolysis reaction zone, the electrolysis reaction zone comprises an electric flocculation DC power supply, the electric flocculation DC power supply is arranged outside the reaction container, the positive electrode on the electric flocculation DC power supply is connected to an anode terminal, and the negative electrode of the electric flocculation DC power supply is connected to a cathode terminal. The invention has a design structure for slowing down electrode passivation, and the three-dimensional metal particle anode can enhance the electric flocculation phosphorus removal effect, and can efficiently remove phosphorus pollutants in surface water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a three-dimensional electric flocculation device for efficiently removing phosphorus pollutants from surface water. Background Art

[0002] Phosphorus is the key substance that causes eutrophication of surface water bodies. Strengthening the removal of total phosphorus from water bodies is an important way to improve my country's water environment. At present, the main methods for removing phosphorus from water bodies include source control and interception, chemical coagulation, and biological remediation. However, these methods all have some problems. The physical remediation method of source control and interception has limited effectiveness and is difficult to sustain; the chemical coagulation method consumes a lot of reagents and is costly; the biological remediation method is slow to take effect and occupies a large area. Electrocoagulation technology has the advantage of eliminating the shortcomings of traditional methods. It generates flocculants in situ at the metal anode through an external current, which can quickly settle or float phosphorus-containing substances. This technology combines the advantages of coagulation, flotation and electrochemistry, and there is no secondary pollution problem.

[0003] Traditional electro-flocculation phosphorus removal devices use aluminum, iron, etc. as anodes to construct a two-dimensional flat plate structure, but long-term operation has the problems of high energy consumption and reduced efficiency. This is mainly due to the anodic oxidation reaction, which causes oxygen to react with the electrode plate, gradually forming a dense metal oxide film on the anode surface, inhibiting the production of metal flocs, resulting in a decrease in pollutant removal efficiency. The anode plate undergoes electrochemical dissolution and needs to be replaced regularly. In addition, in actual water treatment, most electro-flocculation phosphorus removal devices require additional sedimentation tanks to enhance the separation of floc sediments, increasing the floor space. The conductivity of surface water is low. In order to ensure sufficient current and treatment effect, the energy consumption cost of traditional electro-flocculation technology is high. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional electric flocculation device for efficiently removing phosphorus pollutants from surface water, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology, strengthen the coagulation effect, economically and efficiently remove phosphorus pollutants from water bodies, and the electrodes are not easily passivated, and still have a good treatment effect on low conductivity water bodies.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A three-dimensional electric flocculation device for efficiently removing phosphorus pollutants from surface water comprises a reaction container, wherein leg supports are arranged on both sides of the lower end of the reaction container, a sludge outlet is arranged at the lower end of the reaction container, a water inlet is arranged at the upper end of the reaction container, the water inlet is connected to a mixed water inlet pipe, a water outlet is arranged on one side of the reaction container, an electrolytic reaction zone, a filtration zone and a precipitation zone are arranged in the reaction container, a filtration zone is arranged outside the electrolytic reaction zone, a precipitation zone is arranged below the electrolytic reaction zone, the electrolytic reaction zone comprises an electric flocculation DC power supply, the electric flocculation DC power supply is arranged outside the reaction container, the positive pole on the electric flocculation DC power supply is connected to an anode terminal, the negative pole of the electric flocculation DC power supply is connected to a cathode terminal, the anode terminal and the cathode terminal extend into the interior of the reaction container respectively, the anode terminal is connected to a porous guide tube, the cathode terminal is connected to a cylindrical cathode net, and the porous guide tube is sleeved in the cylindrical cathode net.

[0007] Preferably, metal particles are arranged in the porous guide tube, and a filler extrusion mechanism is arranged above the metal particles, the filler extrusion mechanism includes a spring cover, a telescopic spring and an extrusion gasket, a telescopic spring is arranged at the lower end of the spring cover, and an extrusion gasket is arranged below the telescopic spring, the spring cover is arranged at the periphery of the water inlet at the upper end of the reaction container, the mixed water inlet pipe passes through the spring cover, the mixed water inlet pipe is connected to the porous guide tube, the extrusion gasket is arranged along the periphery of the mixed water inlet pipe, and the lower end of the mixed water inlet pipe is connected to the guide pipe at the contact point with the metal particles.

[0008] Preferably, the filtration area includes an outlet water reflux filtration system, which includes a reflux port, a reflux pump and a reflux pipe. The reflux port is arranged at the lower end of the other side of the reaction container, the reflux port is connected to the reflux pump, the upper end of the reflux pump is connected to the reflux pipe, the reflux pipe is connected to the water inlet, and a filter mesh is arranged at the reflux port, and the filter mesh is plugged into the reflux port.

[0009] Preferably, the axes of the guide tube, the cylindrical cathode mesh, the mixed water inlet pipe, the spring cover and the porous guide tube coincide with each other.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the guide tube is arranged in the bottom gap of the porous guide tube, the bottom of the guide tube is closed, through holes are arranged on the tube walls on both sides of the guide tube, the through holes are evenly arranged on the tube walls, and the diameter of the through holes is 2-6 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the porous flow guide tube is closed, reaction holes are arranged on the tube walls on both sides of the porous flow guide tube, the reaction holes are evenly distributed on the tube walls, and the diameter of the reaction holes is 2-8 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the distance between the porous guide tube and the cylindrical cathode net is 5-50 mm, and the current density is 5-150 A / m 2 The mesh number of the cylindrical cathode is 40-100, and the particle size of the metal particles in the porous guide tube is 4-9 mm.

[0013] Preferably, a filler extrusion mechanism is provided on the reaction container between the filler extrusion mechanism and the porous guide tube, the filler extrusion mechanism comprises a filler addition channel, the slope of the filler addition channel is 0.15°-0.8°, the filler addition channel is connected to the porous guide tube, and a filler cover is provided above the filler addition channel.

[0014] Preferably, the metal particles are selected from materials whose main active components are one or more of iron, aluminum, and alloys.

[0015] Preferably, the radial outer side of the electrolytic reaction zone is a filtration zone, and the filtration zone and the electrolytic reaction zone are separated by a cylindrical cathode mesh. Below the electrolytic reaction zone is a sedimentation zone, and the sedimentation zone and the filtration zone are separated by an isolation baffle. The isolation baffle is an annular isolation plate that is sleeved on the bottom of the cylindrical cathode mesh. The inner diameter of the annular isolation plate matches the outer diameter of the cylindrical cathode mesh, and the outer diameter matches the inner wall of the reactor to prevent flocs in the electrolytic reaction zone and the sedimentation zone from entering the filtration zone. The sedimentation zone is an inverted conical bottom, and the inverted conical bottom is connected to the sludge outlet.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) The electrocoagulation device of the present invention adopts a vertical cylindrical structure, the positive and negative electrodes are cylinders, the hydraulic conditions are good, and the floor space is small.

[0018] (2) Using metal particles as three-dimensional electrodes to play an electrolytic role can increase the electrode area and reaction efficiency; the iron ions produced by anode dissolution can quickly enter the water body and improve the flocculation efficiency. Compared with traditional plate electrodes that need to be disassembled and replaced regularly, three-dimensional electrodes can be added in real time without interrupting the continuous water inflow reaction.

[0019] (3) The filter structure used in the electrocoagulation cathode can improve the separation efficiency of flocculated sediments and water.

[0020] (4) Setting up a reflow system can improve the mixing efficiency of the water body and accelerate the formation of flocculants, thereby improving the removal of phosphorus pollutants; setting the guide tube inside the metal particles can enhance the flushing effect of the water flow on the metal particles and alleviate the problems of surface passivation and scaling.

[0021] (5) The current density varies according to the water quality, and the applicable range is 5 to 150 A / m 2 The overall energy consumption is low, the phosphorus removal efficiency is high, and it has good application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-dimensional electrocoagulation device for efficiently removing phosphorus pollutants from surface water in an example of the present invention, wherein the direction of the arrow indicates the flow direction of water in the device.

[0023] Figure numerals: 1. electro-flocculation DC power supply, 2. anode terminal, 3. cathode terminal, 4. filler cover, 5. filler addition channel, 6. water outlet, 7. reflux pipe, 8. reflux pump, 9. reflux port, 10. guide tube, 11. cylindrical cathode net, 12. porous guide tube, 13. metal particles, 14. sedimentation zone, 15. sludge outlet, 16. isolation baffle, 17. mixing water inlet pipe, 18. extrusion gasket, 19. telescopic spring, 20. spring cover, 21. filter mesh, 22. leg support, 23. reaction vessel, 24. water inlet, 26. electrolytic reaction zone, 27. filtration zone, 28. filler extrusion mechanism, 29. through hole, 30. reaction hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following content describes in detail the specific implementation of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] A three-dimensional electrocoagulation device for efficiently removing phosphorus pollutants from surface water, comprising a reaction container 23, wherein leg supports 22 are arranged on both sides of the lower end of the reaction container 23, a sludge outlet 15 is arranged at the lower end of the reaction container 23, a water inlet 24 is arranged at the upper end of the reaction container 23, the water inlet 24 is connected to a mixed water inlet pipe 17, a water outlet 6 is arranged on one side of the reaction container 23, an electrolytic reaction zone 26, a filtration zone 27 and a sedimentation zone 14 are arranged in the reaction container 23, a filtration zone is arranged outside the electrolytic reaction zone, and a sludge outlet 15 is arranged at the lower end of the reaction container 23, and a water inlet 24 is arranged at the upper end of the reaction container 23, wherein a mixed water inlet pipe 17 is connected to the water inlet 24, a water outlet 6 is arranged at one side of the reaction container 23, an electrolytic reaction zone 26, a filtration zone 27 and a sedimentation zone 14 are arranged in the reaction container 23, a filtration zone is arranged outside the electrolytic reaction zone, and a sludge outlet 15 is arranged at the lower end of the reaction container 23. A precipitation zone is provided, and the electrolysis reaction zone 26 includes an electric flocculation DC power supply 1, which is arranged outside the reaction container 23, the positive electrode on the electric flocculation DC power supply 1 is connected to the anode terminal 2, and the negative electrode of the electric flocculation DC power supply 1 is connected to the cathode terminal 3, the anode terminal 2 and the cathode terminal 3 are respectively extended into the interior of the reaction container 23, the anode terminal 2 is connected to the porous guide tube 12, the cathode terminal 3 is connected to the cylindrical cathode net 11, and the porous guide tube 12 is sleeved in the cylindrical cathode net 11.

[0027] Preferably, metal particles 13 are arranged in the porous guide tube 12, and a filler extrusion mechanism 28 is arranged above the metal particles 13. The filler extrusion mechanism 28 includes a spring cover 20, a telescopic spring 19 and an extrusion gasket 18. The lower end of the spring cover 20 is provided with a telescopic spring 19, and the extrusion gasket 18 is arranged below the telescopic spring 19. The spring cover 20 is arranged around the water inlet 24 at the upper end of the reaction container 23. The mixed water inlet pipe 17 runs through the spring cover 20, and the mixed water inlet pipe 17 is connected to the porous guide tube 12. The extrusion gasket 18 is arranged along the circumference of the mixed water inlet pipe 17, and the lower end of the mixed water inlet pipe 17 is connected to the guide pipe 10 at the contact point of the metal particles 13; when the filler extrusion device is in a working state, the spring cover is fixed by a buckle structure, the telescopic spring is in a compressed state, and pressure is transmitted to the extrusion gasket to realize the extrusion operation of the metal particle anode, which can ensure that the metal particle anode is in close contact. The filler extrusion device can be ejected by pressing and rotating the spring cover. At this time, the extrusion gasket is higher than the end opening of the filler feeding channel, and the filler replenishment operation can be completed.

[0028] Preferably, the filtration area 27 includes an outlet water reflux filtration system, and the outlet water reflux filtration system includes a reflux port 9, a reflux pump 8 and a reflux pipe 7. The reflux port 9 is arranged at the lower end of the other side of the reaction container 23, and the reflux port 9 is connected to the reflux pump 8. The upper end of the reflux pump 8 is connected to the reflux pipe 7. The reflux pipe 7 is connected to the water inlet 24. A filter mesh 21 is arranged at the reflux port 9, and the filter mesh 21 is plugged into the reflux port 9. The outlet water reflux filtration system enters the guide pipe through the water inlet, is connected to the porous guide tube through the guide pipe, is immersed in the metal particles, and flows into the cylindrical cathode net through the reaction holes of the porous guide tube. , after reacting with the cylindrical cathode net, a precipitate is formed, and the precipitate sinks. The reaction water is refluxed by the reflux pump through the reflux port, filtered during the reflux process, and then mixed with the water inlet into the mixed water inlet pipe, and enters the porous guide tube again. Through the setting of the reflux system, the reflux effluent and the raw water enter the device together, which can enhance the fluidity of the water body, help the formation of iron flocculants, and enhance the flushing of the metal particle anode, completing a water effluent reflux filtration. Through the above technical scheme, after the electrolysis reaction, the water flows through the cathode filter, and the iron-phosphorus flocculants are intercepted and retained inside the cathode net, and finally sink to the precipitation area, and the treated clean water enters the filtration area;

[0029] The reflux ratio of the reflux system is 100% to 400%. If the reflux ratio is too small, the mixing efficiency is low, the iron floccules take a long time to form, and the effluent quality is affected; if the reflux ratio is too large, it is easy to cause back mixing of the influent and high energy consumption.

[0030] Preferably, the axes of the guide tube 10, the cylindrical cathode mesh 11, the mixed water inlet pipe 17, the spring cover 20 and the porous guide tube 12 coincide with each other.

[0031] Preferably, the bottom of the guide tube 10 is arranged in the bottom gap of the porous guide tube 12, the bottom of the guide tube 10 is closed, and through holes 29 are arranged on the tube walls on both sides of the guide tube 10. The through holes 29 are evenly arranged on the tube walls, and the diameter of the through holes 29 is 2-6 mm.

[0032] Preferably, the bottom of the porous flow guide tube 12 is closed, and reaction holes 30 are arranged on the tube walls on both sides of the porous flow guide tube 12. The reaction holes 30 are evenly distributed on the tube walls, and the diameter of the reaction holes 30 is 2-8 mm.

[0033] Preferably, the distance between the porous guide tube 12 and the cylindrical cathode net 11 is 5-50 mm, and the current density is 5-150 A / m 2 The mesh number of the cylindrical cathode mesh 11 is 40-100, and the particle size of the metal particles 13 in the porous flow guide tube 12 is 4-9 mm; when the distance between the cathode and cathode is short and the current is large, the electrode plate is easily polarized, which reduces the current efficiency and has high energy consumption; when the distance between the cathode and cathode is large and the current is small, the reaction rate decreases and the flocculation effect is poor. The metal particles 13 are slightly larger than the hole diameter on the surface of the porous flow guide tube to ensure that the filler particles do not flow out of the porous flow guide tube.

[0034] Preferably, a filler squeezing mechanism 28 is provided on the reaction container 23 between the filler squeezing mechanism 28 and the porous guide tube 12, and the filler squeezing mechanism 28 includes a filler feeding channel 5, the slope of the filler feeding channel is 0.15°-0.8°, the filler feeding channel is connected to the porous guide tube, and a filler cover is provided above the filler feeding channel.

[0035] Preferably, the metal particles 13 are made of a material whose main active components are one or more of iron, aluminum, and alloy.

[0036] The filtration zone 27 is radially outside the electrolysis reaction zone 26, and the filtration zone 27 and the electrolysis reaction zone 26 are separated by the cylindrical cathode mesh 11. Below the electrolysis reaction zone 26 is the sedimentation zone 14, and the sedimentation zone 14 and the filtration zone 27 are separated by an isolation baffle 16. The isolation baffle is an annular isolation plate sleeved on the bottom of the cylindrical cathode mesh. The inner diameter of the annular isolation plate matches the outer diameter of the cylindrical cathode mesh, and the outer diameter matches the inner wall of the reactor to prevent flocculants in the electrolysis reaction zone and the sedimentation zone from entering the filtration zone. The sedimentation zone 14 is an inverted conical bottom, and the inverted conical bottom is connected to the sludge outlet 15.

[0037] Embodiment 2:

[0038] A three-dimensional electrocoagulation device for efficiently removing phosphorus pollutants from surface water comprises an electrolytic reaction zone, a filtration zone and a sedimentation zone. The electrolytic reaction zone is composed of a cylindrical cathode net 11, a porous flow guide tube 12, metal particles 13, a flow guide tube 10 and an electro-flocculation DC power supply 1. The metal particles 13 are placed inside the porous flow guide tube 12 and contact each other, and the water inlet flow guide tube 10 is placed inside the metal particles 13. The porous flow guide tube 12 and the cylindrical cathode net 11 are connected to the positive and negative poles of the power supply through the anode terminal 2 and the cathode terminal 3 respectively. A filler addition channel 5 and a filler cover 4 are provided above the electrolytic reaction zone, and the slope of the filler addition channel is 0.5. The radial outer side of the electrolytic reaction zone is a filtration zone, which is separated by the cylindrical cathode net 11, and the pipe wall of the filtration zone is provided with a water outlet reflux system and a water outlet 6. Below the electrolytic reaction zone is a sedimentation zone, which is separated from the filtration zone by an isolation baffle 16, and below the sedimentation zone is a sludge outlet. The outer wall of the sedimentation zone is connected to the leg support 22.

[0039] A filler extrusion device is provided directly above the metal particles 13, which is composed of an extrusion gasket 18, a telescopic spring 19, and a spring cover 20. When the filler extrusion device is in working state, the spring cover is fixed by a buckle structure, and the telescopic spring 19 is in a compressed state, transmitting pressure to the extrusion gasket 18 to achieve the extrusion operation of the metal particles 13, which can ensure the close contact of the metal particles 13. When the metal particles 13 are insufficiently consumed, the filler extrusion device can be ejected by pressing and rotating the spring cover 20, and at this time, the extrusion gasket 18 is higher than the end of the filler feeding channel 5, and the filler replenishment operation can be completed.

[0040] The water return system includes a return port 9, a return pipe 7, and a return pump 8. The return ratio is adjusted according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the return ratio is 200%. A filter mesh 21 is fixedly connected to the return port 9 to further filter the return water. The filter mesh 21 is replaceable.

[0041] The porous guide tube 12 is made of 304 stainless steel, which has high strength and life. The diameter of the surface holes is 5mm, and the holes are staggered at 60 degrees, with an opening rate of 35%.

[0042] The cylindrical cathode screen 11 is a 304 stainless steel screen with high strength and lifespan, and the mesh number is 60;

[0043] The distance between the porous flow guide tube 12 and the cylindrical cathode mesh 11 is adjusted according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the distance is 1 cm.

[0044] The metal particles 13 can be selected from materials such as metals and alloys whose main active components are iron and aluminum, including aluminum-iron alloy particles, pig iron scraps, waste aluminum materials, and waste steel scraps. This embodiment uses sponge iron filler, the main component of which is active iron (>90%), with a specific surface area of ​​85m 2 / g, the filler particle size is 5~7mm. Sponge iron filler is cheap, has a large specific surface area, is not easy to passivate, can achieve efficient iron production and phosphorus removal, and sponge iron itself has the ability to adsorb phosphorus, and can still maintain a high phosphorus removal reaction efficiency under low conductivity water conditions. The following electrolytic reaction occurs:

[0045] Anode: Fe-2e - →Fe 2+ ;H2O-2e - →1 / 2O2↑+2H +

[0046] Cathode: 4H2O+4e - →2H2↑+4OH -

[0047] The iron ions produced by the electrolysis reaction can directly react with PO4 3- The reaction forms Fe3(PO4)2 which is insoluble in water. At the same time, iron ions combine with hydroxide to form iron (hydroxy) oxide, which can adsorb and remove phosphate.

[0048] Operation mode: The water inlet adopts the central inlet and peripheral outlet mode. The original water sample and the reflux effluent enter the reaction device through the mixed water inlet pipe 17. The electric flocculation DC power supply 1 is turned on. The mixed water inlet flows into the metal particle anode through the side hole of the guide tube 10, which can flush the surface of the metal particles 13, slow down its passivation effect and scaling problems, and enhance the fluidity of the water body and improve the flocculation efficiency. After the electrolysis reaction, the water flow is filtered through the cylindrical cathode mesh 11, and the flocs are intercepted inside the filter and eventually sink to the sedimentation area. Most of the filtered water flows back into the reactor, and a small part of it is discharged. After long-term operation, the cylindrical cathode mesh 11 can be backwashed by reversing the direction of water inlet and outlet to prevent the filter from being blocked.

[0049] The TP concentration of a raw water sample is 3.2 mg / L, and the conductivity is 418±3 μs / cm. The three-dimensional electrocoagulation device for efficiently removing phosphorus pollutants from surface water of this embodiment is used, and the current density is adjusted to 10 A / m 2 , the residence time is adjusted to 50min, and the TP concentration of the effluent can be reduced to below 0.1mg / L, which can meet the Class II and Class III standards of the "Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard" (GB3838-2002).

[0050] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions are deemed to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional electrocoagulation device for efficiently removing phosphorus pollutants from surface water, comprising a reaction vessel, characterized in that: The lower end of the reaction container is provided with leg supports on both sides, the lower end of the reaction container is provided with a sludge outlet, the upper end of the reaction container is provided with a water inlet, the water inlet is connected to a mixing water inlet pipe, and one side of the reaction container is provided with a water outlet. The reaction container is provided with an electrolytic reaction zone, a filtration zone and a precipitation zone, the outer side of the electrolytic reaction zone is provided with a filtration zone, and the lower side of the electrolytic reaction zone is provided with a precipitation zone. The electrolytic reaction zone includes an electric flocculation DC power supply, the electric flocculation DC power supply is provided outside the reaction container, the positive electrode on the electric flocculation DC power supply is connected to the anode terminal, the negative electrode of the electric flocculation DC power supply is connected to the cathode terminal, the anode terminal and the cathode terminal are respectively extended into the interior of the reaction container, the anode terminal is connected to a porous guide tube, the cathode terminal is connected to a cylindrical cathode net, the porous guide tube and the cylindrical cathode net are connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electric flocculation DC power supply through the anode terminal and the cathode terminal, respectively, and the porous guide tube is sleeved in the cylindrical cathode net; The porous guide tube is provided with metal particles, a filler extrusion mechanism is provided above the metal particles, the filler extrusion mechanism comprises a spring cover, a telescopic spring and an extrusion gasket, a telescopic spring is provided at the lower end of the spring cover, an extrusion gasket is provided below the telescopic spring, the spring cover is provided at the circumference of the water inlet at the upper end of the reaction container, the mixed water inlet pipe passes through the spring cover, the mixed water inlet pipe is connected to the porous guide tube, the extrusion gasket is provided along the circumference of the mixed water inlet pipe, and the lower end of the mixed water inlet pipe is connected to the guide pipe at the contact point of the metal particles; The filtration area includes an outlet water reflux filtration system, and the outlet water reflux filtration system includes a reflux port, a reflux pump and a reflux pipe. The reflux port is arranged at the lower end of the other side of the reaction container, the reflux port is connected to the reflux pump, the upper end of the reflux pump is connected to the reflux pipe, the reflux pipe is connected to the water inlet, and a filter mesh is arranged at the reflux port, and the filter mesh is plugged into the reflux port; The axes of the flow guide tube, the cylindrical cathode net, the mixed water inlet pipe, the spring cover and the porous flow guide tube coincide with each other; The bottom of the flow guide tube is arranged in the bottom gap of the porous flow guide tube, the bottom of the flow guide tube is closed, through holes are arranged on the tube walls on both sides of the flow guide tube, the through holes are evenly arranged on the tube walls, and the diameter of the through holes is 2-6 mm; A filler extrusion mechanism is provided on the reaction container between the filler extrusion mechanism and the porous guide tube, the filler extrusion mechanism comprises a filler feeding channel, the slope of the filler feeding channel is 0.15°-0.8°, the filler feeding channel is connected to the porous guide tube, and a filler cover is provided above the filler feeding channel; The metal particles are sponge iron with a specific surface area of ​​85 m 2 / g, filler particle size is 5~7mm; The radial outer side of the electrolytic reaction zone is a filtering zone, and the filtering zone and the electrolytic reaction zone are separated by a cylindrical cathode net. Below the electrolytic reaction zone is a sedimentation zone, and the sedimentation zone and the filtering zone are separated by an isolation baffle. The isolation baffle is an annular isolation plate sleeved on the bottom of the cylindrical cathode net. The inner diameter of the annular isolation plate matches the outer diameter of the cylindrical cathode net, and the outer diameter matches the inner wall of the reactor to prevent flocculants in the electrolytic reaction zone and the sedimentation zone from entering the filtering zone. The sedimentation zone is an inverted conical bottom, and the inverted conical bottom is connected to the sludge outlet. By reversing the water inlet and outlet directions, the cylindrical cathode screen can be backwashed to prevent filter blockage.

2. A three-dimensional electrocoagulation device for efficiently removing phosphorus pollutants from surface water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the porous flow guide tube is closed, and reaction holes are arranged on the tube walls on both sides of the porous flow guide tube. The reaction holes are evenly distributed on the tube walls, and the diameter of the reaction holes is 2-8 mm.

3. The three-dimensional electrocoagulation device for efficiently removing phosphorus pollutants from surface water according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The distance between the porous guide tube and the cylindrical cathode net is 5-50mm, and the current density is 5-150A / m 2 The mesh number of the cylindrical cathode is 40-100.

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