Rockfall protection device for deep excavation embankments

Abstract

The application discloses a rockfall protection device for deep excavation embankment, comprising: a pair of columns arranged on one side of the embankment; a step-by-step buffer part comprising a plurality of buffer assemblies, any buffer assembly comprising: a pair of connecting frames arranged on one side of the pair of columns respectively; a rockfall inclined plate arranged obliquely and connected with the pair of columns and the pair of connecting frames; a rock bearing plate rotatably connected with the rockfall inclined plate, wherein a space for the rock to pass through is formed between the bottom of the rock bearing plate and the rockfall inclined plate during rotation, and the horizontal distance between the top of the rock bearing plate and the slope is not more than 3 cm; wherein the rock falling from the rockfall inclined plate of the previous buffer assembly falls on the rock bearing plate of the next buffer assembly, and the bottommost rockfall inclined plate is provided with a collecting bend. The application can not only effectively attenuate the kinetic energy of the rockfall, provide multi-stage buffer force, buffer the impact force of the rockfall, but also effectively collect the rockfall, is simple to install, and is suitable for deep excavation embankment slopes with different inclination angles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rockfall protection. More specifically, this invention relates to a rockfall protection device for deep-excavated roadbeds. Background Technology

[0002] The slope height of deep-cut roadbeds is generally greater than or equal to 20m. These slopes are exposed to the air year-round, making them prone to rockfalls, which can seriously affect vehicle safety. To prevent rockfalls, rockfall protection devices or anti-skid frames are typically installed. However, existing rockfall protection devices (frames) have the following drawbacks: First, most devices use a single spring damping mechanism to buffer falling rocks, which has limited buffering capacity. Second, existing devices rely on retaining walls and protective nets, which are complex to install, and the nets often become severely damaged after prolonged use, significantly reducing their protective effectiveness. Third, existing devices cannot collect falling rocks, causing them to accumulate on the roadbed and affecting driving conditions.

[0003] For example, the utility model patent with announcement number CN208280147U, entitled "A Rockfall Protection Device for Deep Cut Roads," discloses a rockfall protection device for deep cut roadways. This device includes drainage ditches set on both sides of the roadbed surface. The drainage ditches are connected to slope retaining walls, the sides of which form the roadway slope. First columns with screws are connected to the slope retaining walls, and a first protective net is installed between two adjacent first columns. Several second columns are connected to the roadway slope, and steel wire ropes are installed between two adjacent second columns. These steel wire ropes are connected to second protective nets. In this technical solution, the use of slope retaining walls, roadway retaining walls, first protective nets, and second protective nets can achieve good rockfall protection, but the installation is complex and costly.

[0004] For example, in invention patent CN116290022A entitled "A Slope Rockfall Protection Frame," a slope rockfall protection frame is disclosed. This frame includes a protection body and a buffer frame. The protection body has buffer frames connected to opposite sides. Each buffer frame includes a buffer rod, a damping rod, a mounting frame, a force-absorbing component, and a base. The protection body is connected to the buffer rod, which is connected to both the damping rod and the force-absorbing component. A first return spring is fitted over the damping rod. Both the damping rod and the force-absorbing component are connected to the mounting frame, which is connected to the base. While the slope rockfall protection frame disclosed above can balance and transfer the stress generated by falling rocks, resulting in good protection, the use of a single spring damping deformation for rockfall buffering has limited buffering capacity and a low safety factor. Furthermore, the slope rockfall protection frame cannot collect falling rocks; over time, these rocks will accumulate on the roadbed, affecting normal traffic flow. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One object of the present invention is to solve at least the above-mentioned problems and to provide at least the advantages that will be described later.

[0006] Another objective of this invention is to provide a rockfall protection device for deep excavated roadbeds, which can not only effectively attenuate the kinetic energy of falling rocks and provide multi-level buffering force to buffer the impact force of falling rocks, but also effectively collect falling rocks, is easy to install, and is adaptable to deep excavated roadbed slopes with different inclination angles.

[0007] To achieve these objectives and other advantages according to the present invention, a rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbeds is provided, comprising: A pair of columns are vertically installed on one side of the roadbed along its length; A tiered buffer section includes multiple buffer components arranged sequentially from top to bottom, each buffer component comprising: A pair of connecting frames are respectively horizontally installed on the side of a pair of columns away from the roadbed; Rockfall ramp, which is inclined and connected to a pair of columns and a pair of connecting frames; A stone support slab is intersectingly arranged above the rockfall ramp. The stone support slab and the rockfall ramp are rotatably connected. During rotation, there is a space between the bottom of the stone support slab and the rockfall ramp for the rockfall to pass through. The horizontal distance between the top of the stone support slab and the slope does not exceed 3cm. Among them, the falling rocks from the upper buffer component rockfall slope plate fall onto the lower buffer component stone support plate, and the bottom rockfall slope plate is provided with a collection bend, which is tangent to the slope.

[0008] Preferably, the stone support plate is rotatably connected to the rockfall ramp through the following structure: a buffer is provided on any connecting frame, the buffer including a horizontally arranged sliding groove, a horizontally arranged sliding rod in the sliding groove, a spring and a slider slidably arranged relative to the sliding rod on the sliding rod, the spring being disposed between the slider and the inner wall of the sliding groove; a pair of connecting rods are provided at one end of the stone support plate near the rockfall ramp, the free ends of the pair of connecting rods are respectively hinged to a pair of sliders, hinge shafts are provided on both sides of the rockfall ramp, and a pair of connecting rods are provided with hinged long grooves for the hinge shafts to slide on.

[0009] Preferably, there are two stone support plates, which are rotatably connected to the rockfall ramp through two consecutive buffer components. Rocks falling from the rockfall ramp of the upper buffer component land on the stone support plate above the lower buffer component.

[0010] Preferably, the rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbed further includes multiple downwardly inclined stone guide plates, which are obliquely inserted on the slope, with one stone guide plate positioned above a corresponding stone support plate, and the angle between any stone guide plate and the slope is greater than 90°.

[0011] Preferably, the collecting bend has a drainage hole at the bottom.

[0012] Preferably, the stone support plate is provided with multiple raised strips at intervals, and the height of the multiple raised strips increases sequentially from top to bottom.

[0013] Preferably, the rockfall protection devices for deep excavation roadbeds are arranged sequentially along the length of the roadbed, and the distance between adjacent rockfall protection devices for deep excavation roadbeds does not exceed 3cm.

[0014] The present invention further claims protection for the installation method of the rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbed, comprising: Step 1: Install a pair of posts along the length of the roadbed; Step 2: Design the number of buffer components to be installed based on the height of the slope, ensuring that there is at least one buffer component within every 5m of height; Step 3: Install each buffer component one by one, ensuring that the falling rocks from the previous buffer component's rockfall ramp land on the supporting stone plate above the next buffer component.

[0015] This invention provides at least the following beneficial effects: The rockfall protection device for deep-excavated roadbeds provided by this invention includes a pair of columns and a tiered buffer section disposed between the columns and the slope. The tiered buffer section includes multiple buffer components arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Since the slope of the deep-excavated roadbed is relatively high, falling rocks at higher elevations are buffered and dissipated through multiple buffer components, resulting in kinetic energy attenuation and gradual absorption of the impact force of the falling rocks. The buffering effect is good. The falling rocks are concentrated in the last buffer component for unified collection. The rockfall protection device for deep-excavated roadbeds provided by this invention provides different collection paths for falling rocks of different heights. Falling rocks of different heights have different impact forces, and falling rocks of different heights fall into corresponding heights. In the buffer components, energy is dissipated step by step and collected uniformly. Higher falling rocks are dissipated by a relatively large number of buffer components, while lower falling rocks are dissipated by a relatively small number of buffer components, which helps protect the buffer components at each level. The rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbed provided by this invention provides different collection paths for larger and smaller falling rocks. One end of any buffer component near the column is connected to a pair of columns, and the other end is no more than 3cm away from the slope at horizontal distance. Larger falling rocks have a greater impact force and are collected uniformly after being dissipated step by step by multiple buffer components, while smaller falling rocks have a smaller impact force and slide down the slope to the last level of buffer components for unified collection. The stone bearing plate provided by this invention has multiple raised strips, which helps to buffer the impact force of falling rocks.

[0016] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbed as described in one technical solution of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbed described in another technical solution of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbed described in another technical solution of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer component described in another technical solution of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stone support plate described in another technical solution of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0019] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0020] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides a rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbeds, comprising: A pair of columns 2 are vertically installed on one side of the roadbed along the length of the roadbed; A tiered buffer section includes multiple buffer components arranged sequentially from top to bottom, each buffer component comprising: A pair of connecting frames 6 are respectively horizontally installed on the side of a pair of columns 2 away from the roadbed; The rockfall ramp 4 is inclined and connected to a pair of columns 2 and a pair of connecting frames 6; Stone support plate 3 is crosswise arranged above the rockfall slope 4. The stone support plate 3 and the rockfall slope 4 are rotatably connected. During rotation, there is a space 33 between the bottom of the stone support plate 3 and the rockfall slope 4 for the rockfall to pass through. The horizontal distance between the top of the stone support plate 3 and the slope 1 does not exceed 3cm. Among them, the falling rocks from the upper buffer component rockfall slope plate 4 fall onto the lower buffer component stone support plate 3, and the bottom rockfall slope plate 4 is provided with a collection bend 5, which is tangent to the slope 1.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbed is arranged sequentially along the length of the roadbed. Adjacent rockfall protection devices for deep excavation roadbed should be attached to each other. If the on-site environmental conditions do not allow adjacent rockfall protection devices for deep excavation roadbed to be attached to each other, the distance between adjacent rockfall protection devices for deep excavation roadbed should not exceed 3cm. This ensures that rocks larger than 3cm can only fall to ground height through the rockfall placement device for deep excavation roadbed, preventing larger rocks from impacting and endangering the safety of pedestrians and vehicles on the road.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbed includes a pair of columns 2 and a stepped buffer section. The pair of columns 2 are used to install the stepped buffer section. The pair of columns 2 are vertically installed on one side of the roadbed and arranged along the length of the roadbed. The columns 2 are deeply buried below the roadbed. Compared with retaining walls, its construction is simple and can be installed at any time during the construction and subsequent operation of the deep excavation roadbed. The stepped buffer section includes multiple buffer components. Preferably, the vertical distance between adjacent buffer components does not exceed 5m. Multiple buffer components are arranged between the columns 2 and the slope 1 to progressively buffer the impact of falling rocks and concentrate the falling rocks into the last-stage buffer component for timed and unified collection of falling rocks, thus realizing the function of rockfall collection. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, multiple buffer components are arranged between the column 2 and the slope 1. The slope 1 can be an inclined slope or a slope with a high verticality. That is to say, the rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbed provided in this application is applicable to both inclined and vertical deep excavation roadbed slopes.

[0023] In the above technical solution, multiple buffer components are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Each buffer component includes a pair of connecting frames 6, a rockfall ramp 4, and a stone support plate 3. The pair of connecting frames 6 are horizontally mounted on a pair of columns 2, and each connecting frame 6 extends towards the slope. One end of the rockfall ramp 4 is connected to a pair of columns 2, and the other end is connected to a pair of connecting frames 6. That is to say, the rockfall ramp 4, one column 2, and the connecting frame 6 mounted on that column 2 form a stable triangular structure. Similarly, the rockfall ramp 4, the other column 2, and the stone support plate 3 on that column 2 form a triangular structure. The connecting frame 6 also forms a stable triangular structure, ensuring the stability of the rockfall ramp 4. Preferably, the end of the rockfall ramp 4 connected to the column 2 is provided with a connecting column 41 integrally formed with the rockfall ramp 4. The connecting column passes through a pair of columns 2. The rockfall ramp 4 is provided with a slot for the column 2 to pass through at the position opposite to the column 2. Compared with the structure directly welded to the column 2, the rockfall ramp 4 is connected to the column 2 through the connecting column 41, which has a higher connection strength and further ensures the reliability of the rockfall ramp 4.

[0024] In the above technical solution, the rockfall ramp 4 and the supporting stone plate 3 are arranged crosswise, that is, the rockfall ramp 4 is inclined downwards, and the supporting stone plate 3 is inclined upwards, with the supporting stone plate 3 located above the rockfall ramp 4. Considering smaller-sized rocks, rocks falling from above the supporting stone plate 3 first land on the supporting stone plate 3, are buffered and dissipated by it, then fall onto the rockfall ramp 4, and finally into the next stage of the buffer assembly. Rocks falling from below the supporting stone plate 3 may have several falling paths. Firstly, if the impact force of the fall is not large enough, then... The rockfall directly falls onto the support plate 3 of the next-stage buffer assembly. If the impact force is large enough, it first falls onto the rockfall ramp 4 to dissipate some of its kinetic energy before entering the support plate 3 of the next-stage buffer assembly. Generally speaking, the higher the rockfall, the greater its impact load, and it needs to be buffered and dissipated by more stages of buffer assemblies. Conversely, the lower the rockfall, the smaller its impact load, and it also needs to be buffered and dissipated by more stages of buffer assemblies. The rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbeds provided in this application utilizes the difference in rockfall height to ensure that higher-level rocks... The falling rocks are buffered and dissipated through multiple buffer components, resulting in kinetic energy attenuation and gradual absorption of the impact force. This provides a good buffering effect. The falling rocks are concentrated in the final buffer component for unified collection. The rockfall protection device for deep excavated roadbeds provided by this invention offers different collection paths for rocks of different heights. Rocks of different heights have different impact forces, and they fall into buffer components of corresponding heights for gradual energy dissipation and unified collection. Higher rocks undergo energy dissipation through more buffer components, while lower rocks undergo energy dissipation through fewer, which helps protect each buffer component. The rockfall protection device for deep excavated roadbeds also provides different collection paths for larger and smaller rocks. One end of any buffer component near the column is connected to a pair of columns, and the other end is no more than 3cm horizontally from the slope. Larger rocks have a greater impact force and are collected after gradual energy dissipation through multiple buffer components, while smaller rocks have a smaller impact force and slide down the slope to the final buffer component for unified collection.

[0025] In the above technical solution, the supporting stone plate 3 is rotatably connected to the rockfall ramp 4. Due to the influence of gravity falling onto the supporting stone plate 3, the supporting stone plate 3 rotates relative to the rockfall ramp 4. On the one hand, after rotation, the tilt angle of the supporting stone plate 3 becomes smaller, reducing the impact force of the falling rock. On the other hand, during the rotation of the supporting stone plate 3, part of the impact force of the falling rock is converted into rotational driving force, which also reduces the impact force of the falling rock and ensures the buffering force of a single buffer component.

[0026] In the above technical solution, the stone support plate 3 is rotatably connected to the rockfall ramp 4. During rotation, there is a space 33 between the bottom of the stone support plate 3 and the rockfall ramp 4 for the rockfall to pass through. That is, the bottom of the rockfall ramp 4 of the upper-level buffer assembly is located diagonally above the top of the stone support plate 3 of the lower-level buffer assembly, and the bottom of the rockfall ramp 4 of the upper-level buffer assembly is closer to the column 2 than the top of the stone support plate 3 of the lower-level buffer assembly. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this design, the bottom of the rockfall ramp 4 of the upper-level buffer component is located to the upper right of the top of the stone support plate 3 of the lower-level buffer component, which ensures that rocks falling from the upper-level buffer component can enter the lower-level buffer component.

[0027] like Figures 1-4 As shown, in one technical solution, the stone support plate 3 is rotatably connected to the rockfall ramp 4 through the following structure: any connecting frame 6 is provided with a buffer, the buffer includes a horizontally arranged sliding groove 13, a horizontally arranged sliding rod 12 is provided in the sliding groove 13, a spring 8 and a slider 7 slidably arranged relative to the sliding rod 12 are sleeved on the sliding rod 12, the spring 8 is arranged between the slider 7 and the inner wall of the sliding groove; a pair of connecting rods 34 are provided at one end of the stone support plate 3 near the rockfall ramp 4, the free ends of the pair of connecting rods 34 are respectively hinged to a pair of sliders 7, hinge shafts 10 are provided on both sides of the rockfall ramp 4, and a pair of connecting rods 34 are provided with hinged long grooves 9 for the hinge shafts 10 to slide on.

[0028] In the above technical solution, the preferred structure for the rotatable connection between the stone support plate 3 and the rockfall ramp 4 is as follows: A pair of connecting rods 34 are provided at the bottom of the stone support plate. The pair of connecting rods 34 are respectively provided at the bottom of the stone support plate 3 and are respectively located near both ends. The distance between the pair of connecting rods 34 is just enough to accommodate the rockfall ramp 4, that is, the rockfall ramp 4 is located between the pair of connecting rods 34. One end of the pair of connecting rods 34 is hinged to a buffer member. The buffer member includes two parts, which are respectively provided on a pair of connecting frames 6. Each buffer member includes a sliding groove and a slide rod 12 horizontally provided in the sliding groove 13. A slider 7 is provided on the slide rod 12 and slides horizontally on the slide rod 12. A spring 8 is provided between the slider 7 and the inner wall of the sliding groove 13. Figure 1In the process, when the slider 7 slides to the right, the spring 8 is compressed. After the spring 8 returns to its original position, the slider 7 returns to the left. The rockfall ramp 4 is provided with a hinge shaft 10, and a pair of connecting rods 34 are provided with a through hinge groove 9. The hinge shaft 10 passes through the hinge groove 9, so that the hinge shaft 10 rotates and moves along the hinge groove 9 within the hinge groove 9. When the rock falls on the support plate 3, due to the gravity of the rock, the support plate 3 rotates downward, the hinge shaft 10 moves upward within the hinge groove 9, and the slider 7 moves to the right. As the rock slowly moves to the right, the slider 7 gradually returns to its original position to the left, the hinge shaft 10 gradually returns to its original position to the downward, and the support plate 3 gradually moves upward. After the rock falls on the rockfall ramp 4, the support plate 3 returns to its original position.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, in one technical solution, the supporting stone plate 3 is configured as two, namely supporting stone plate 31 and supporting stone plate 32. The two supporting stone plates 3 are rotatably connected to the rockfall ramp 4 through two consecutive buffer members. A positioning block is set between the two consecutive buffer members to ensure that the two buffer members do not interfere with each other. Figure 3 As shown, the first buffer component includes a first slider 71 and a first spring 81, and the second buffer component includes a second slider 72 and a second spring 82. The falling rocks from the upper buffer component rock-falling ramp 4 fall onto the supporting stone plate 3 above the next buffer component, ensuring the continuity of the falling rocks through multiple buffer components. The two supporting stone plates 3 are set to divert the falling rocks to different supporting stone plates 3 for buffering. This diversion is greatly affected by the impact force. Falling rocks with greater impact force fall onto the supporting stone plate 3 above.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, in one of the technical solutions, the rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbed also includes multiple downwardly inclined stone guide plates 11, which are obliquely inserted on the slope. One stone guide plate 11 is set above the corresponding supporting stone plate 3. The angle between any stone guide plate and the slope is greater than 90°. The setting of the stone guide plate 11 is beneficial to guide the falling rocks of the corresponding height to the corresponding supporting stone plate 3. At the same time, the inclination angle of the stone guide plate 11 is lower than that of the supporting stone plate 3, which can also play a certain buffering role.

[0031] In one of the technical solutions, the collecting bend 5 is provided with a water seepage hole at the bottom to ensure that rainwater flows smoothly out of the buffer component and into the roadbed drainage ditch, which can effectively prevent rainwater from accumulating on the buffer component.

[0032] In one technical solution, the stone support plate 3 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 35 at intervals, and the height of the plurality of protrusions 35 increases sequentially from top to bottom. Preferably, the protrusions 35 are provided with a plurality of notches, and the notches on adjacent protrusions 35 are spaced apart, which can effectively prevent falling stones from getting stuck on the stone support plate 3.

[0033] In one of the technical solutions, the rockfall protection devices for deep excavation roadbeds are arranged sequentially along the length of the roadbed, and the distance between adjacent rockfall protection devices for deep excavation roadbeds does not exceed 3cm, ensuring that rocks larger than 3cm can only fall to ground height through the rockfall placement devices for deep excavation roadbeds, preventing larger rocks from impacting pedestrians and vehicles on the road.

[0034] The present invention further claims protection for the installation method of the rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbed, comprising: Step 1: Install a pair of posts along the length of the roadbed; Step 2: Design the number of buffer components to be installed based on the height of the slope, ensuring that there is at least one buffer component within every 5m of height; Step 3: Install each buffer component one by one, ensuring that the falling rocks from the previous buffer component's rockfall ramp 4 land on the supporting stone plate 3 above the next buffer component.

[0035] In the above technical solution, in step one, a pair of columns are arranged along the length of the roadbed, and a pair of columns 2 are set on one side of the roadbed. If there is a drainage ditch on the side of the deep excavated roadbed in the construction environment, the columns 2 are set inside the drainage ditch (with the side closer to the roadbed as the inside and the side closer to the slope as the outside), so as not to hinder slope drainage or roadbed drainage. In order to ensure the strength of the columns 2, the columns 2 are preferably reinforced concrete columns. The height of the slope mentioned in step two refers to the vertical height of the slope from its bottom. Generally speaking, the steeper the slope, the shorter the distance between the buffer components. After step three, it is also necessary to install the stone guide plate 11, which is obliquely inserted on the slope. One stone guide plate 11 is set above the corresponding stone support plate 3 to guide the falling rocks to the stone support plate 3. As described above, according to the present invention, the present invention includes at least the following beneficial effects: Firstly, the rockfall protection device for deep excavated roadbeds provided by the present invention includes a pair of columns and a progressive buffer section set between the columns and the slope. The progressive buffer section includes multiple buffer components arranged sequentially from top to bottom, which is adapted to the characteristics of the high slope of deep excavated roadbeds. This allows the falling rocks at higher elevations to pass through the buffer and energy dissipation of multiple buffer components in sequence, and the kinetic energy gradually decreases. The multiple buffer components absorb the impact force of the falling rocks step by step, resulting in a good buffering effect. The falling rocks pass through the buffer and energy dissipation of multiple buffer components in sequence, and the falling rocks are concentrated in the last buffer component for unified collection. Secondly, the rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbed provided by this invention provides different buffer paths for rocks of different heights. Generally speaking, rocks of different heights have different impact forces. Rocks of different heights fall into the corresponding buffer components, and then dissipate energy step by step and are collected in a unified manner. Higher rocks are dissipated by a relatively large number of buffer components, while lower rocks are dissipated by a relatively small number of buffer components, which is beneficial to protecting the buffer components at each level. Thirdly, the rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbed provided by the present invention provides different collection paths for larger and smaller rocks. One end of any buffer component near the column is connected to a pair of columns, and the other end is no more than 3cm away from the slope. Larger rocks have a greater impact force and are collected after being dissipated by multiple buffer components. Smaller rocks have a smaller impact force and slide down the slope to the last buffer component for collection. Fourth, the rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbeds provided by the present invention includes multiple buffer components. Each buffer component includes a stone support plate and a rockfall ramp. The rockfall falls into the stone support plate. Because the stone support plate is inclined and has multiple raised strips, the rockfall undergoes primary energy dissipation. A buffer is connected to the bottom of the stone support plate, achieving secondary energy dissipation during the rockfall process. After the rockfall slides from the stone support plate to the rockfall ramp, the inclination of the rockfall ramp intersects with that of the stone support plate. After passing the ramp, the rockfall direction changes, achieving tertiary energy dissipation. Compared with deformation buffering by a single spring damping, the buffer component provided by the present invention achieves deformation buffering by spring damping, turning buffering by rotating the sliding direction, and friction buffering by the raised strips. The buffering strength is high, which can effectively ensure the service life of the rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbeds. Fifth, the rockfall protection device for deep excavated roadbeds provided by this invention is simple to install and can be applied to both the construction and operation phases of deep excavated roadbeds.

[0036] The number of devices and processing scale described herein are for the purpose of simplifying the description of the invention. Applications, modifications, and variations of the rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbeds according to this invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A rockfall protection device for deep-excavated roadbeds, characterized in that, include: A pair of columns are vertically installed on one side of the roadbed along its length; A tiered buffer section includes multiple buffer components arranged sequentially from top to bottom, each buffer component comprising: A pair of connecting frames are respectively horizontally installed on the side of a pair of columns away from the roadbed; Rockfall ramp, which is inclined and connected to a pair of columns and a pair of connecting frames; A stone support slab is intersectingly arranged above the rockfall ramp. The stone support slab and the rockfall ramp are rotatably connected. During rotation, there is a space between the bottom of the stone support slab and the rockfall ramp for the rockfall to pass through. The top of the stone support slab is no more than 3cm away from the slope. Among them, the falling rocks from the upper buffer component rockfall slope plate fall onto the lower buffer component stone support plate, and the bottom rockfall slope plate is provided with a collection bend, which is tangent to the slope. The supporting stone plate is rotatably connected to the rockfall ramp through the following structure: Each connecting frame is equipped with a buffer element, the buffer element including a horizontally arranged sliding groove, a horizontally arranged sliding rod within the sliding groove, a spring and a slider slidably disposed relative to the sliding rod on the sliding rod, the spring being disposed between the slider and the inner wall of the sliding groove; a pair of connecting rods are provided at one end of the supporting stone plate near the rockfall ramp, the free ends of the pair of connecting rods being hinged to a pair of sliders respectively; hinge shafts are provided on both sides of the rockfall ramp, and the pair of connecting rods are provided with hinged long grooves for the hinge shafts to slide; two supporting stone plates are configured, and the two supporting stone plates are rotatably connected to the rockfall ramp through two consecutive buffer elements, with rocks falling from the upper buffer assembly rockfall ramp landing on the supporting stone plate above the lower buffer assembly; The stone support plate is provided with multiple raised strips at intervals, and the height of the multiple raised strips increases sequentially from top to bottom.

2. The rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes multiple downwardly inclined stone slabs that are obliquely inserted into the slope, with one stone slab positioned above a corresponding supporting stone slab, and the angle between any stone slab and the slope being greater than 90°.

3. The rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the collecting bend is provided with a seepage hole.

4. The rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rockfall protection devices for deep excavation roadbeds are arranged sequentially along the length of the roadbed, and the distance between adjacent rockfall protection devices for deep excavation roadbeds does not exceed 3cm.

5. The installation method of the rockfall protection device for deep excavation roadbed as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Install a pair of posts along the length of the roadbed; Step 2: Design the number of buffer components to be installed based on the height of the slope, ensuring that there is at least one buffer component within every 5m of height; Step 3: Install each buffer component one by one, ensuring that the falling rocks from the previous buffer component's rockfall ramp land on the supporting stone plate above the next buffer component.

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