A Multi-Spectral Photovoltaic Cell Combined Efficiency Optimizer and Its Usage Method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-spectral photovoltaic cell combination efficiency optimizer and its usage method, which relates to the field of photovoltaic technology. It includes an optimizer main body. At the bottom of two groups of connecting wires, a connector one and a connector two are respectively installed. At the bottom of the connector one, there are a jack and symmetrically arranged slots. At the bottom wall of the jack, a laser distance sensor is installed. At the bottom of the connector two, symmetrically arranged insertion blocks are installed. At the bottom of both groups of insertion blocks, pressure sensors are installed. The connector one and the connector two on the two groups of protective blocks are used to connect the optimizer main body with the photovoltaic cell and also to connect between two groups of optimizer main bodies. The present invention connects the optimizer main body in series between the photovoltaic cell and the busbar box or the inverter through the setting of multiple groups of connector one and connector two, and analyzes and judges the connection situation between the optimizer main body and the photovoltaic cell by whether the pressure sensor detects pressure and whether the laser distance sensor detects a change in distance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic technology, and particularly to a multi-spectral photovoltaic cell combination efficiency optimizer and its usage method. Background Art

[0002] The multi-spectral photovoltaic cell combination efficiency optimizer is based on the maximum power point tracking technology and integrates the multi-spectral analysis technology to achieve refined management and optimization of photovoltaic cells in different spectral ranges. However, it does not consider that the existing optimizers cannot self-monitor the connection between the optimizer and the photovoltaic cells during use, which has certain defects.

[0003] The defects existing in the existing photovoltaic optimizers are as follows:

[0004] 1. In the application document CN117560865A, it mainly considers how to improve the protection of the optical elements and optimization elements in the optimizer, and does not consider that the existing optimizers cannot self-monitor the connection between the optimizer and the photovoltaic cells during use;

[0005] 2. In the patent document CN116744608B, it mainly considers how to improve the convenience of maintenance, and does not consider that the stability and reliability of the existing optimizers cannot be guaranteed after long-term use;

[0006] 3. In the patent document US11695295B2, it mainly considers how to reduce costs, and does not consider that the existing optimizers are less convenient for maintenance during use;

[0007] 4. In the patent document US20200295572A1, it mainly tracks the maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation system by adjusting the output power of the photovoltaic optimizer, and does not consider that the existing optimizers cannot monitor the use environment during use. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-spectral photovoltaic cell combination efficiency optimizer and its usage method to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A multi-spectral photovoltaic cell combination efficiency optimizer and its usage method, including an optimizer main body. A protection block is installed at the bottom of the optimizer main body. Two groups of connection lines are installed at the bottoms of the two protection blocks. A connection head one and a connection head two are respectively installed at the bottoms of the two connection lines, and the connection head two is adapted to the connection head one;

[0010] The bottom of the first connector is provided with a jack and symmetrically arranged slots, and the jack is located in the middle of the two groups of slots. A laser ranging sensor is installed on the bottom wall of the jack. The bottom of the second connector is installed with symmetrically arranged plug blocks, and the plug blocks are adapted to the slots. Pressure sensors are installed at the bottoms of the two groups of plug blocks.

[0011] The first connector and the second connector on the two groups of protective blocks are used to connect the optimizer body to the photovoltaic cell and to connect between the two groups of optimizer bodies.

[0012] Preferably, a limit sleeve is installed on the rear wall of the optimizer body. A plug rod is fitted inside the limit sleeve. A mounting plate is fixed to the front of the plug rod. A control circuit, an auxiliary power supply module and two groups of main power circuits are installed on the front of the mounting plate. The opto-isolation technology is adopted between the control circuit and the main power circuit to reduce the interference of the strong electricity part to the weak electricity part. The analog signal between the control circuit and the main power circuit is transmitted through the control board or the power board cable. The auxiliary power supply module is used to provide the working power for the control circuit and the main power circuit.

[0013] Preferably, a cover plate is installed on the front of the optimizer body through a hinge, and the cover plate and the optimizer body are connected by an anti-theft lock core structure.

[0014] Preferably, an information collector is installed on the rear wall of the optimizer body, and the information collector is located inside the limit sleeve. Heat conducting sheets are installed on the back of the cover plate and the back of the mounting plate. The back of one of the heat conducting sheets is attached to the front of the mounting plate and the outer surfaces of the control circuit, the main power circuit and the auxiliary power supply module. The back of the other heat conducting sheet is attached to the front of the information collector. Heat conducting rubber is filled inside the two groups of heat conducting sheets. A heat dissipation fan is installed on one side outer wall of the optimizer body. The information collector is used to collect the operation data of the optimizer body.

[0015] Preferably, a protective box is installed on the other side outer wall of the optimizer body. Three groups of monitoring cameras are installed at equal intervals on the bottom of the optimizer body, and the monitoring cameras are distributed at intervals with the protective blocks. A monitor is installed inside the protective box, and the monitor is equipped with a self-monitoring system. The input end of the monitor is connected to the output end of the information collector. The self-monitoring system includes a data receiving unit, a processing unit and an alarm unit. The data receiving unit uses a data receiver to collect the operation data collected by the information collector and the data information detected by the first temperature sensor, the laser ranging sensor, the pressure sensor and the monitoring camera. The processing unit uses a central processor to process the data information and judge whether there is abnormal data. The alarm unit is used to receive the abnormal data and send an alarm message to the monitoring center.

[0016] Preferably, the control circuit is provided with a control system, which includes a sampling module, a power calculation module, a control module, and an execution module. The sampling module uses sensors to collect spectral conditions, as well as the temperature, voltage, and current parameters of the photovoltaic cell. The power calculation module is used to perform arithmetic processing based on the collected current and voltage parameters to calculate the power. The control module issues a power reduction operation instruction or an operation instruction for controlling the start and stop of the device according to the calculated power and the collected temperature parameters. And the start and stop of the control device include the start and stop of the cooling device or the control of the power switch. The execution module is used to execute the operation instructions issued by the control module.

[0017] Preferably, the sensors include a spectral sensor, a second temperature sensor, an input current sensor, an output current sensor, an input voltage sensor, and an output voltage sensor.

[0018] Preferably, an installation block is fixed on the back of the optimizer body, and a connecting plate is sleeved on the surface of the installation block, and the connecting plate is used to fix the optimizer body on the photovoltaic bracket.

[0019] Preferably, the usage method of the optimizer is as follows:

[0020] S1. Before using the optimizer body, first fix the control circuit, the main power circuit, and the auxiliary power supply module on the mounting plate, and stick a heat-conducting rubber on the back of the mounting plate. Then attach a heat-conducting sheet on the surface of the heat-conducting rubber on the back of the mounting plate. Next, install the information collector inside the limit sleeve;

[0021] S2. When using the optimizer body, fix the optimizer body on the photovoltaic bracket through the connecting plate. Then connect the output of the photovoltaic cell to the connector one on one group of protective blocks, and connect the connector two to the input end of the busbar box or the inverter. Then connect two groups of optimizer bodies through the connector one and the connector two on the other group of protective blocks. When connecting two groups of optimizer bodies, insert the connector one on one group of optimizer bodies into the connector two on the other group of optimizer bodies so that the slot can be engaged with the plug. At this time, the pressure sensor can detect the pressure, and record the distance between the laser distance sensor and the top wall plane of the connector two as A;

[0022] S3. During subsequent use, collect environmental spectral information through the spectral sensor, analyze the influence of different spectral bands on the performance of the photovoltaic cell, and then use the MPPT technology to monitor and adjust the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic cell in real time to ensure that the photovoltaic cell operates at the maximum power point. And adopt an intelligent algorithm to calculate the best control strategy according to the environmental spectral information and the real-time performance data of the photovoltaic cell to optimize the output efficiency of the photovoltaic cell combination;

[0023] S4. During the use of the optimizer body, the operating status of the optimizer body is collected through the information collector, and the pressure sensor is constantly monitored to see whether it can detect pressure. When the pressure sensor cannot detect pressure, check whether the spacing A changes. When the spacing A does not change, it means that the pressure sensor is faulty. Otherwise, it means that the connection between connector 1 and connector 2 on the optimizer body and the photovoltaic cell is loose. Then, the alarm information is sent to the monitoring center through the alarm unit and uploaded to the monitoring center.

[0024] Preferably, in S1, the following steps are further included:

[0025] S11. Attach a heat-conducting sheet sandwiched with heat-conducting rubber to the front of the information collector. Then, secure the mounting plate to the optimizer body by engaging the rods and the limiting sleeves. Install the cover so that the heat-conducting sheet on the back of the cover adheres to the surfaces of the mounting plate, control circuit, main power circuit, and auxiliary power supply module.

[0026] In S4, the following steps are also included:

[0027] S41. When the pressure sensor is able to detect pressure, the surrounding environment of the optimizer body is monitored by the monitoring camera, and image processing technology is used to determine whether weeds grow in the bottom area of the optimizer body, thereby analyzing and monitoring the use environment of the optimizer body.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The present invention connects the optimizer body in series between the photovoltaic cell and the combiner box or inverter by setting up multiple sets of connectors 1 and 2, and analyzes and determines the connection status between the optimizer body and the photovoltaic cell by whether the pressure sensor detects pressure and whether the laser ranging sensor detects distance changes, thereby ensuring good electrical contact between the optimizer body and the photovoltaic cell.

[0030] 2. The present invention achieves independent maximum power point tracking by setting up two main power circuits in the optimizer body, so that each circuit can independently find the optimal operating point of the photovoltaic cells it is connected to, ensuring that they can operate under optimal conditions, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the entire photovoltaic system.

[0031] 3. The present invention attaches a layer of thermal conductive sheet to the surface of the thermal conductive rubber so that the thermal conductive rubber does not directly fit the circuit components in the optimizer body, and the mounting plate can be disassembled and assembled by the engagement of the insertion rod and the limit sleeve, so that during subsequent maintenance, there is no need to destroy the thermal conductive rubber inside the optimizer body, thereby increasing the service life of the thermal conductive rubber and improving the convenience of maintenance.

[0032] 4. The present invention is provided with a self - monitoring system, which can not only monitor the connection status of the optimizer main body and the photovoltaic cell in real time, but also monitor the operating status of the optimizer itself and the changes in the surrounding environment, and send an alarm message to the monitoring center when an abnormal situation is found, providing a good environment for the use of the optimizer to a certain extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembled structure of the optimizer main body and the protection box of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the assembled structure of the mounting block and the connecting plate of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the assembled structure of the first connector and the second connector of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the planar assembled structure of the mounting plate and the heat - dissipating rubber of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the assembled structure of the mounting plate of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the planar assembled structure of the control circuit and the main power circuit of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a system diagram of the control circuit of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 It is a composition diagram of the self - monitoring system of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 It is a self - monitoring flow chart of the present invention.

[0043] In the figure: 1. Optimizer main body; 2. Cover plate; 3. Protection block; 4. Connecting wire; 5. First connector; 6. Second connector; 7. Laser distance sensor; 8. Slot; 9. Plug; 10. Pressure sensor; 11. Limiting sleeve; 12. Plug rod; 13. Mounting plate; 14. Control circuit; 15. Main power circuit; 16. Auxiliary power supply module; 17. Heat - conducting rubber; 18. Information collector; 19. Heat - conducting sheet; 20. Cooling fan; 21. Mounting block; 22. Connecting plate; 23. Protection box; 24. Monitoring camera. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0044] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a multi-spectral photovoltaic cell combination efficiency optimizer. A protection block 3 is installed at the bottom of the optimizer main body 1. Two groups of connection lines 4 are installed at the bottoms of the two groups of protection blocks 3. A connection head one 5 and a connection head two 6 are respectively installed at the bottoms of the two groups of connection lines 4, and the connection head two 6 is adapted to the connection head one 5. A jack and symmetrically arranged slots 8 are provided at the bottom of the connection head one 5, and the jack is located in the middle of the two groups of slots 8. A laser ranging sensor 7 is installed on the bottom wall of the jack. Symmetrically arranged insertion blocks 9 are installed at the bottom of the connection head two 6, and the insertion blocks 9 are adapted to the slots 8. Pressure sensors 10 are installed at the bottoms of the two groups of insertion blocks 9. The connection head one 5 and the connection head two 6 on the two groups of protection blocks 3 are used to connect the optimizer main body 1 with the photovoltaic cell and to connect between the two groups of optimizer main bodies 1.

[0048] Further, when using the optimizer body 1, the same type of connector one 5 and connector two 6 provided on the optimizer body 1, photovoltaic cell, and busbar box or inverter are used to connect each other. By setting two sets of protective blocks 3, the optimizer body 1 can not only be connected in series between the photovoltaic cell and the busbar box or inverter, but also connect multiple sets of optimizer bodies 1 together. When connecting the optimizer body 1 to the photovoltaic cell, the connector one 5 and connector two 6 are clamped by the fitting of the insertion block 9 and slot 8 on the connector one 5 and connector two 6. After the connector one 5 and connector two 6 are clamped, the distance between the laser ranging sensor 7 and the bottom surface of the connector two 6 is recorded as A. Then, it is possible to monitor the connection status of the optimizer body 1 and the photovoltaic cell by whether the pressure sensor 10 detects pressure and whether there is a change in the distance A beyond the threshold range, ensuring good electrical contact, which can ensure the effective transmission and conversion of electrical energy, reduce energy loss. At the same time, it can improve the operation and maintenance efficiency, reduce the number of manual inspections, and lower the operation and maintenance costs.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a multi-spectral photovoltaic cell combination efficiency optimizer. A limit sleeve 11 is installed on the rear wall of the optimizer body 1. A plug rod 12 is fitted and installed inside the limit sleeve 11. A mounting plate 13 is fixed on the front of the plug rod 12. A control circuit 14, an auxiliary power supply module 16, and two sets of main power circuits 15 are installed on the front of the mounting plate 13. The opto-isolation technology is used between the control circuit 14 and the main power circuit 15 to reduce the interference of the strong electricity part to the weak electricity part. The analog signal between the control circuit 14 and the main power circuit 15 is transmitted through the control board or power board cable. The auxiliary power supply module 16 is used to provide the working power supply for the control circuit 14 and the main power circuit 15. A cover plate 2 is installed on the front of the optimizer body 1 through a hinge. The cover plate 2 and the optimizer body 1 are connected using an anti-theft lock core structure. A mounting block 21 is fixed on the back of the optimizer body 1. A connecting plate 22 is hung on the surface of the mounting block 21, and the connecting plate 22 is used to fix the optimizer body 1 on the photovoltaic bracket.

[0050] Further, before using the optimizer body 1, first fix the mounting plate 13 equipped with circuit components inside the optimizer body 1 by fitting the insertion rod 12 and the limit sleeve 11. Then cover the cover plate 2 and fix the cover plate 2 on the front of the optimizer body 1 through the anti-theft lock core structure connection. By setting the rated main power circuit 15, the output voltage of the photovoltaic cell can be subjected to DC / DC conversion, so as to meet the requirements of the DC input voltage of the inverter. At the same time, the maximum power point tracking is realized through the control signal output by the control circuit 14. Through two main power circuits 15, the optimizer body 1 can independently find the optimal working point of the connected photovoltaic cell or battery string, ensuring that they can operate under the best conditions. Moreover, the photovoltaic cell may have a performance decline due to aging, dirt, shadow or other factors, so that the optimizer body 1 can bypass the battery panels or battery strings with poor performance and only use the parts with good performance to generate electricity, thereby reducing losses and improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic system. And when one main power circuit 15 fails or is damaged, the other circuit can still continue to work, reducing the risk of the optimizer body 1 shutting down due to a single fault point.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 5 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a multi-spectral photovoltaic cell combined efficiency optimizer. An information collector 18 is installed on the rear wall of the optimizer body 1, and the information collector 18 is located inside the limit sleeve 11. Heat conduction sheets 19 are installed on the back of the cover plate 2 and the back of the mounting plate 13, and the back of one group of heat conduction sheets 19 is attached to the front of the mounting plate 13 and the outer surfaces of the control circuit 14, the main power circuit 15 and the auxiliary power supply module 16, and the back of the other group of heat conduction sheets 19 is attached to the front of the information collector 18. Heat conduction rubber 17 is filled inside the two groups of heat conduction sheets 19. A heat dissipation fan 20 is installed on one outer wall of the optimizer body 1. The information collector 18 is used to collect the operation data of the optimizer body 1.

[0052] Further, attach a layer of heat conduction sheet 19 to the surface of the heat conduction rubber 17, so that the heat conduction rubber 17 is not directly attached to the circuit components inside the optimizer body 1. And the disassembly and assembly of the mounting plate 13 are realized through the fitting of the insertion rod 12 and the limit sleeve 11, so that when performing subsequent maintenance, the mounting plate 13 can be directly removed from the optimizer body 1 without damaging the heat conduction rubber 17 inside the optimizer body 1, improving the service life of the heat conduction rubber 17. At the same time, it can also improve the convenience of maintenance. And when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature inside the optimizer body 1 exceeds the threshold, the heat dissipation fan 20 is started to cool down, which can save energy to a certain extent.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10, an embodiment provided by the present invention: a multi - spectral photovoltaic cell combination efficiency optimizer. A protective box 23 is installed on the outer wall of the other side of the optimizer main body 1. Three equally - spaced monitoring cameras 24 are installed at the bottom of the optimizer main body 1, and the monitoring cameras 24 are spaced apart from the protective block 3. A monitor is installed inside the protective box 23, and the monitor is equipped with a self - monitoring system. The input end of the monitor is connected to the output end of the information collector 18. The self - monitoring system includes a data receiving unit, a processing unit, and an alarm unit. The data receiving unit uses a data receiver to collect the operation data collected by the information collector 18, as well as the data information detected by the temperature sensor 1, the laser ranging sensor 7, the pressure sensor 10, and the monitoring camera 24. The processing unit uses a central processor to process the data information and determine whether there is abnormal data. The alarm unit is used to receive the abnormal data and send an alarm message to the monitoring center.

[0054] Furthermore, the information collector 18 is used to collect the operation status of the optimizer main body 1, and it is constantly monitored whether the pressure sensor 10 can detect pressure. When the pressure sensor 10 fails to detect pressure and the distance A does not change or changes within the threshold range, it indicates that the pressure sensor 10 has failed. When the pressure sensor 10 detects a pressure index, it continues to monitor, starts the monitoring camera 24 to monitor the surrounding environment of the optimizer main body 1, and uses image processing technology to check for weeds. When weeds are detected, an alarm message is sent to the monitoring center, which is convenient for the supervisors to handle and reduces the impact of over - grown weeds on the connection stability between the optimizer main body 1 and the photovoltaic cell. When the pressure sensor 10 fails to detect a pressure change and the distance A changes beyond the threshold range, it indicates that the connection between the optimizer main body 1 and the photovoltaic cell is loose and the electrical contact is poor. Then, an alarm message is sent to the monitoring center through the alarm unit and uploaded to the monitoring center.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 8 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a multi - spectral photovoltaic cell combination efficiency optimizer. The control circuit 14 is equipped with a control system. The control system includes a sampling module, a power calculation module, a control module, and an execution module. The sampling module uses sensors to collect spectral conditions, as well as the temperature, voltage, and current parameters of the photovoltaic cell. The power calculation module is used to perform arithmetic processing based on the collected current and voltage parameters to calculate the power size. The control module issues a power - reduction operation instruction or an operation instruction to control the start - stop of the device according to the calculated power size and the collected temperature parameters. And the start - stop of the control device includes the start - stop of the cooling device or the control of the power switch. The execution module is used to execute the operation instructions issued by the control module. The sensors include a spectral sensor, a temperature sensor 2, an input current sensor, an output current sensor, an input voltage sensor, and an output voltage sensor.

[0056] Further, during the process of using the optimizer main body 1, environmental spectral information is collected by a spectral sensor to analyze the influence of different spectral bands on the performance of the photovoltaic cell. Then, the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic cell are collected in real time by the sensor. Subsequently, the MPPT technology is used to monitor and adjust the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic cell in real time to ensure that the photovoltaic cell operates at the maximum power point. An intelligent algorithm is adopted to calculate the optimal control strategy based on the environmental spectral information and the real-time performance data of the photovoltaic cell to optimize the output efficiency of the photovoltaic cell combination. When the second temperature sensor detects local overheating of the photovoltaic cell, a power reduction operation instruction or an operation instruction for controlling the start and stop of the device is issued through the control module.

[0057] Further, the usage method of the optimizer is as follows:

[0058] S1. Before using the optimizer main body 1, first fix the control circuit 14, the main power circuit 15, and the auxiliary power supply module 16 on the mounting plate 13, and stick a heat-conducting rubber 17 on the back of the mounting plate 13. Then, attach a heat-conducting sheet 19 on the surface of the heat-conducting rubber 17 on the back of the mounting plate 13. Next, install the information collector 18 inside the limit sleeve 11.

[0059] S2. When using the optimizer main body 1, fix the optimizer main body 1 on the photovoltaic support through the connecting plate 22. Then, connect the output of the photovoltaic cell to the connector one 5 on one set of protective blocks 3, and connect the connector two 6 to the input end of the busbar box or the inverter. Then, connect two sets of optimizer main bodies 1 through the connector one 5 and the connector two 6 on the other set of protective blocks 3. When connecting two sets of optimizer main bodies 1, insert the connector one 5 on one set of optimizer main bodies 1 into the connector two 6 on the other set of optimizer main bodies 1 so that the slot 8 can be engaged with the plug 9. At this time, the pressure sensor 10 can detect the pressure, and record the distance between the laser ranging sensor 7 and the top wall plane of the connector two 6 as A.

[0060] S3. During subsequent use, collect environmental spectral information by a spectral sensor to analyze the influence of different spectral bands on the performance of the photovoltaic cell. Then, use the MPPT technology to monitor and adjust the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic cell in real time to ensure that the photovoltaic cell operates at the maximum power point. Adopt an intelligent algorithm to calculate the optimal control strategy based on the environmental spectral information and the real-time performance data of the photovoltaic cell to optimize the output efficiency of the photovoltaic cell combination.

[0061] S4. During the use of the optimizer main body 1, the operating status of the optimizer main body 1 is collected through the information collector 18, and the pressure sensor 10 is constantly monitored to see whether it can detect pressure. When the pressure sensor 10 cannot detect pressure, check whether the spacing A changes. When the spacing A does not change, it means that the pressure sensor 10 is faulty. Otherwise, it means that the connection between the connector 1 5 and the connector 2 6 on the optimizer main body 1 and the photovoltaic cell is loose. Then, the alarm information is sent to the monitoring center through the alarm unit and uploaded to the monitoring center.

[0062] In S1, the following steps are also included:

[0063] S11. Then, a heat-conducting sheet 19 sandwiched with heat-conducting rubber 17 is attached to the front of the information collector 18. Then, the mounting plate 13 can be fixed in the optimizer body 1 by engaging the insertion rod 12 with the limiting sleeve 11. The cover plate 2 is then covered so that the heat-conducting sheet 19 on the back of the cover plate 2 can be attached to the surfaces of the mounting plate 13, the control circuit 14, the main power circuit 15, and the auxiliary power supply module 16.

[0064] In S4, the following steps are also included:

[0065] S41. When the pressure sensor 10 is able to detect pressure, the surrounding environment of the optimizer body 1 is monitored by the monitoring camera 24, and image processing technology is used to determine whether there are weeds growing in the bottom area of the optimizer body 1, thereby analyzing and monitoring the use environment of the optimizer body 1.

[0066] Working principle: first, fix the optimizer body 1 on the photovoltaic bracket through the connecting plate 22, then connect the output of the photovoltaic cell to the connector 1 5 on one group of protective blocks 3, and connect the connector 2 6 to the input end of the junction box or inverter, and then connect the two groups of optimizer bodies 1 through the connector 1 5 and connector 2 6 on the other group of protective blocks 3. When connecting the two groups of optimizer bodies 1, plug the connector 1 5 on one group of optimizer bodies 1 with the connector 2 6 on the other group of optimizer bodies 1 so that the slot 8 can be engaged with the plug block 9. At this time, the pressure sensor 10 can detect the pressure, and the distance between the laser ranging sensor 7 and the top wall plane of the connector 2 6 is A, that is, the output of each photovoltaic component is connected to the input end of the optimizer body 1, and the optimizer body 1 can convert low current into high current according to the needs of the series circuit. Finally, the output ends of each optimizer body 1 are connected in series and connected to the junction box or inverter;

[0067] During subsequent use, environmental spectral information is collected by a spectral sensor to analyze the impact of different spectral bands on the performance of the photovoltaic cell. Then, the MPPT technology is used to monitor and adjust the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic cell in real time to ensure that the photovoltaic cell operates at the maximum power point. An intelligent algorithm is adopted to calculate the optimal control strategy based on the environmental spectral information and the real-time performance data of the photovoltaic cell to optimize the output efficiency of the photovoltaic cell combination. The operating state of the optimizer main body 1 is collected by the information collector 18, and it is constantly monitored whether the pressure sensor 10 can detect pressure. When the pressure sensor 10 fails to detect pressure and the distance A detected by the laser ranging sensor 7 remains unchanged or changes within the threshold range, it indicates that the pressure sensor 10 is faulty. When the pressure sensor 10 detects a pressure index, continuous monitoring is carried out. When the pressure sensor 10 fails to detect a pressure change and the distance A changes beyond the threshold range, it indicates that the connection between the optimizer main body 1 and the photovoltaic cell is loose and the electrical contact is poor. Then, an alarm message is sent to the monitoring center through the alarm unit and uploaded to the monitoring center.

[0068] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claimed rights.

Claims

1. A multi - spectral photovoltaic cell combination efficiency optimizer, comprising an optimizer main body (1), characterized in that: A protective block (3) is installed at the bottom of the optimizer main body (1). Two groups of connecting lines (4) are installed at the bottoms of the two groups of protective blocks (3). Connecting head one (5) and connecting head two (6) are respectively installed at the bottoms of the two groups of connecting lines (4), and connecting head two (6) is adapted to connecting head one (5); A jack and symmetrically arranged slots (8) are provided at the bottom of connecting head one (5), and the jack is located in the middle of the two groups of slots (8). A laser distance sensor (7) is installed on the bottom wall of the jack. Symmetrically arranged plug blocks (9) are installed at the bottom of connecting head two (6), and plug block (9) is adapted to slot (8). Pressure sensors (10) are installed at the bottoms of the two groups of plug blocks (9); Connecting head one (5) and connecting head two (6) on the two groups of protective blocks (3) are used to connect the optimizer main body (1) with the photovoltaic cell and to connect between two groups of optimizer main bodies (1); A cover plate (2) is installed on the front of the optimizer main body (1) through a hinge, and a burglar-proof lock core structure is used to connect between the cover plate (2) and the optimizer main body (1); An information collector (18) is installed on the rear wall of the optimizer main body (1), and the information collector (18) is located inside the limit sleeve (11). Heat conducting sheets (19) are installed on the back of the cover plate (2) and the back of the mounting plate (13). The back of one of the heat conducting sheets (19) is attached to the front of the mounting plate (13) and the outer surfaces of the control circuit (14), the main power circuit (15), and the auxiliary power supply module (16). The back of the other heat conducting sheet (19) is attached to the front of the information collector (18). Heat conducting rubber (I7) is filled inside the two groups of heat conducting sheets (19). A heat dissipation fan (20) is installed on one outer wall of the optimizer main body (1). The information collector (18) is used to collect the operation data of the optimizer main body (1); A protective box (23) is installed on the other outer wall of the optimizer main body (1). Three groups of monitoring cameras (24) arranged at equal intervals are installed at the bottom of the optimizer main body (1), and the monitoring cameras (24) are spaced from the protective blocks (3). A monitor is installed inside the protective box (23), and the monitor is equipped with a self-monitoring system whose input end is connected to the output end of the information collector (18). The self-monitoring system includes a data receiving unit, a processing unit, and an alarm unit. The data receiving unit uses a data receiver to collect the operation data collected by the information collector (18) and the data information detected by the temperature sensor one, the laser distance sensor (7), the pressure sensor (10), and the monitoring cameras (24). The processing unit uses a central processor to process the data information and judge whether there is abnormal data. The alarm unit is used to receive the abnormal data and send an alarm message to the monitoring center.

2. The multi-spectral photovoltaic cell combination efficiency optimizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting sleeve (11) is installed on the rear wall of the optimizer main body (1). A plug rod (12) is fitted and installed inside the limiting sleeve (11). A mounting plate (13) is fixed to the front of the plug rod (12). A control circuit (14), an auxiliary power supply module (16) and two main power circuits (15) are installed on the front of the mounting plate (13). The opto-isolation technology is adopted between the control circuit (14) and the main power circuit (15) to reduce the interference of the strong electricity part to the weak electricity part. The analog signals between the control circuit (14) and the main power circuit (15) are transmitted through the control board or the power board cable. The auxiliary power supply module (16) is used to provide the working power supply for the control circuit (14) and the main power circuit (15).

3. The multi - spectral photovoltaic cell combination efficiency optimizer according to claim 1, wherein: The control circuit (14) is equipped with a control system. The control system includes a sampling module, a power calculation module, a control module and an execution module. The sampling module uses sensors to collect spectral conditions and the temperature, voltage and current parameters of the photovoltaic cell. The power calculation module is used to calculate the power size through arithmetic processing according to the collected current and voltage parameters. The control module issues a power reduction operation instruction or an operation instruction for controlling the start and stop of the equipment according to the calculated power size and the collected temperature parameters. And the start and stop of the control equipment include the start and stop of the cooling device or the control of the power switch. The execution module is used to execute the operation instruction issued by the control module.

4. The multi-spectral photovoltaic cell combination efficiency optimizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sensors include a spectral sensor, a second temperature sensor, an input current sensor, an output current sensor, an input voltage sensor and an output voltage sensor.

5. A multi-spectral photovoltaic cell combination efficiency optimizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting block (21) is fixed to the back of the optimizer main body (1). A connecting plate (22) is sleeved on the surface of the mounting block (21). And the connecting plate (22) is used to fix the optimizer main body (1) on the photovoltaic bracket.

6. A method for using an optimizer for optimizing the combined efficiency of a multi-spectral photovoltaic cell. According to the optimizer for optimizing the combined efficiency of a multi-spectral photovoltaic cell described in any one of claims 1-5, it is characterized in that, The using method of the optimizer is as follows: S1. Before using the optimizer main body (1), first fix the control circuit (14), the main power circuit (15) and the auxiliary power supply module (16) on the mounting plate (13), and stick a heat-conducting rubber (17) on the back of the mounting plate (13). Then attach a heat-conducting sheet (19) on the surface of the heat-conducting rubber (17) on the back of the mounting plate (13). Then install the information collector (18) inside the limiting sleeve (11); S2. When using the optimizer main body (1), fix the optimizer main body (1) on the photovoltaic bracket through the connecting plate (22). Then connect the output of the photovoltaic cell to the connector one (5) on one set of protection blocks (3), and connect the connector two (6) to the input end of the busbar box or the inverter. Then connect two optimizer main bodies (1) through the connector one (5) and the connector two (6) on the other set of protection blocks (3). When connecting two optimizer main bodies (1), insert the connector one (5) on one optimizer main body (1) into the connector two (6) on the other optimizer main body (1) so that the slot (8) can be engaged with the plug block (9). At this time, the pressure sensor (10) can detect the pressure, and record the distance between the laser ranging sensor (7) and the top wall plane of the connector two (6) as A; S3. During subsequent use, collect environmental spectral information through a spectral sensor, analyze the impact of different spectral bands on the performance of the photovoltaic cell, then use the MPPT technology to monitor and adjust the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic cell in real time, ensure that the photovoltaic cell operates at the maximum power point, and adopt an intelligent algorithm to calculate the optimal control strategy based on the environmental spectral information and the real-time performance data of the photovoltaic cell to optimize the output efficiency of the photovoltaic cell combination; S4. During the use of the optimizer body (1), collect the operating status of the optimizer body (1) through the information collector (18), and constantly monitor whether the pressure sensor (10) can detect pressure. When the pressure sensor (10) fails to detect pressure, check whether the spacing A changes. If the spacing A does not change, it indicates that the pressure sensor (10) has failed. Otherwise, it indicates that the connection between the first connector (5) and the second connector (6) on the optimizer body (1) and the photovoltaic cell is loose. Then, send an alarm message to the monitoring center through the alarm unit and upload it to the monitoring center.

7. The usage method of a multi-spectral photovoltaic cell combination efficiency optimizer according to claim 6, characterized in that, In S1, the following steps are further included: S11. Then, attach a heat-conducting sheet (19) with a heat-conducting rubber (17) sandwiched between to the front of the information collector (18). Then, the mounting plate (13) can be fixed inside the optimizer body (1) through the engagement of the insertion rod (12) and the limit sleeve (11), and the cover plate (2) is covered so that the heat-conducting sheet (19) on the back of the cover plate (2) can be attached to the surfaces of the mounting plate (13), the control circuit (14), the main power circuit (15), and the auxiliary power supply module (16); In S4, the following steps are further included: S41. When the pressure sensor (10) can detect pressure, monitor the surrounding environment of the optimizer body (1) through the monitoring camera (24), and use image processing technology to determine whether weeds grow in the bottom area of the optimizer body (1), so as to analyze the usage environment of the monitored optimizer body (1).

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