Automatic cutting device for steel structure ring member

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of laser cutting, and particularly relates to an automatic cutting device for a steel structure annular member, which comprises a machine body, a driving mechanism, a mounting seat and a laser head assembly mounted at the bottom of the mounting seat. The machine body is connected with the mounting seat through the driving mechanism. A conical reflection sleeve is arranged below the laser head assembly. An annular plate is mounted at the bottom of the conical reflection sleeve. A plurality of arc-shaped grooves are formed at the bottom of the annular plate, and a group of conical grooves are formed at the groove bottoms of the arc-shaped grooves. The application can automatically control and increase the laser output power of the laser head assembly based on the roughness and thickness of the oxide skin, so that the position of the steel structure annular member surface with the oxide skin can also be fully cut, and the position without the oxide skin can be prevented from being excessively cut, thereby reducing energy consumption. Meanwhile, the personnel can timely and in advance maintain the laser head based on the contact time of the laser and the oxide skin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser cutting technology, and in particular relates to an automatic cutting device for steel structure ring components. Background Technology

[0002] Ring-shaped steel structure components are widely used in various building scenarios. Traditional cutting methods have low precision and poor efficiency, making it difficult to meet complex design requirements. However, laser cutting, with its high precision, high speed, and good cutting quality, has become the ideal choice for processing ring-shaped steel structure components. It can achieve complex shape cutting, reduce material waste, and improve component performance.

[0003] Currently, because laser cutting uses a non-contact cutting method, it does not produce the wear phenomenon that occurs when cutting with traditional cutting blades, and the cutting accuracy is higher. Since ring steel structure components usually need to be installed in conjunction with other components (such as column steel components), the required cutting accuracy is also very high. Therefore, laser cutting can well meet the cutting work of ring steel structure components, such as the automatic cutting device for ring steel structure components disclosed in patent publication number CN216938983U.

[0004] During the casting and hot rolling processes of ring-shaped steel structure components, oxide scale easily forms on the steel surface under high temperatures. This oxide scale has several impacts on laser cutting. For example, the presence of oxide scale affects the absorption and transmission of laser energy, leading to reduced cutting efficiency. Secondly, the physical and chemical properties of oxide scale differ from those of steel, potentially generating uneven thermal effects during cutting, affecting cutting quality and resulting in rough, uneven cuts. Since the laser energy is usually preset during laser cutting, cutting areas with oxide scale on the ring-shaped steel structure component may result in incomplete cutting due to the energy consumption caused by the oxide scale. While a sufficiently high preset laser energy can reduce the impact of oxide scale on laser energy consumption, cutting areas without oxide scale may result in excessively large kerfs due to excessive laser energy, affecting cutting quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing an automatic cutting device for steel structure ring components.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an automatic cutting device for steel structure ring components, comprising a body, a drive mechanism, a mounting base, and a laser head assembly mounted on the bottom of the mounting base. The body is connected to the mounting base via the drive mechanism. A conical reflective sleeve is provided below the laser head assembly. An annular plate is mounted on the bottom of the conical reflective sleeve. Multiple arc-shaped grooves are formed on the bottom of the annular plate, and a set of conical grooves are formed at the bottom of each arc-shaped groove. A set of wear-resistant hemispherical blocks is provided below each conical groove. A deflection rod is fixedly mounted on the top of each wear-resistant hemispherical block, and the end of the deflection rod is fixed. The device is connected to a sphere, and the bottom of each of the conical grooves is rotatably connected to the sphere on the same side. Each of the conical grooves is equipped with a deflection adjustment mechanism that cooperates with the deflection rod. The deflection adjustment mechanism is electrically connected to the laser head assembly through the control terminal of the device body. The conical reflector sleeve and the mounting base are jointly equipped with a suction and exhaust mechanism. The mounting base is equipped with a pushing mechanism, which is connected to the conical reflector sleeve through the suction and exhaust mechanism. The outer wall of the annular plate is equipped with a return mechanism that communicates with the suction and exhaust mechanism. The return mechanism is connected to a prompting mechanism, which is electrically connected to the deflection adjustment mechanism through the control terminal of the device body.

[0007] Preferably, each of the deflection adjustment mechanisms includes multiple insulating cylinders fixedly installed on the wall of the conical groove, and each insulating cylinder has a circular hole at its end. An insulating rod is slidably installed inside each circular hole, and a spring is fixedly installed between each insulating rod and the wall of the conical groove. The end of each insulating rod away from the spring abuts against the rod wall of the deflection rod. A resistor sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the rod wall of each insulating rod. A conductive ring is fixedly installed inside the circular hole, and the conductive ring slides in contact with the outer wall of the resistor sleeve. Each conductive ring and resistor sleeve inside the same arc-shaped groove is connected in series in the control terminal of the machine body.

[0008] Preferably, the suction and exhaust mechanism includes an annular cavity inside the conical reflective sleeve, and the side wall of the annular cavity has multiple inclined suction holes. Two suction pipes are fixedly inserted into the cavity wall of the annular cavity, and the ends of the two suction pipes are each fitted with a fixed rigid pipe. An annular hollow seat is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting base, and a mounting plate is fixedly installed on the inner side of the annular hollow seat. A suction fan is installed on the mounting plate, and the suction end of the suction fan is fixedly connected to a horizontal pipe. Both ends of the horizontal pipe are connected to the interior of the annular hollow seat. Two vertical pipes are fixedly inserted into the bottom of the annular hollow seat, and the ends of the two vertical pipes away from the annular hollow seat are fixedly connected to connecting hoses. Both connecting hoses are connected to the fixed rigid pipe on the same side. The suction fan is electrically connected to the control terminal of the machine body.

[0009] Preferably, the pushing mechanism includes two electromagnetic push rods fixedly inserted into the end face of the mounting base. The two electromagnetic push rods are respectively arranged on both sides of the laser head assembly. The output ends of the two electromagnetic push rods are fixedly connected to lifting blocks, and the two fixed rigid tubes pass through the lifting blocks on the same side. The two electromagnetic push rods are electrically connected to the control end of the machine body.

[0010] Preferably, the reflux mechanism includes an exhaust pipe connected to the air outlet of the exhaust fan, the air outlet of the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to a reflux hose, an annular tube is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the annular plate and the annular tube is connected to the reflux hose, and a plurality of capillary tubes are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular tube, and each capillary tube is connected to the conical groove on the same side.

[0011] Preferably, the prompting mechanism includes a three-way pipe fixedly connected to the exhaust end of the exhaust fan, one end of the exhaust pipe connected to the three-way pipe, and a return pipe fixedly connected to the end of the three-way pipe away from the exhaust pipe. The end of the return pipe away from the three-way pipe is connected to the exhaust pipe. A normally closed solenoid valve is installed inside the three-way pipe near the return pipe, and a normally open solenoid valve is installed inside the three-way pipe near the exhaust pipe. A detachable gas flow meter is installed on the pipe wall of the three-way pipe near the return pipe, and the detection end of the gas flow meter is located inside the three-way pipe. An electromagnetic switch is fixedly installed inside each of the arc-shaped grooves, and the electromagnetic switch is connected in series with each conductive ring and resistor sleeve inside the arc-shaped groove on the same side. The electromagnetic switch is electrically connected to the normally open solenoid valve and the normally closed solenoid valve through the control terminal of the machine body, and the gas flow meter is electrically connected to the control terminal of the machine body.

[0012] Preferably, two annular baffles are fixedly installed inside the annular hollow seat at a position between the horizontal and vertical tubes, and filter filler is used to fill the space between the two annular baffles.

[0013] Preferably, an electronic counter is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular hollow seat, and the gas flow meter is electrically connected to the electronic counter through the control terminal of the machine body.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of an automatic cutting device for steel structure ring components are:

[0015] 1. Through the coordinated operation of the main body, drive mechanism, mounting base, and laser head assembly, steel structure ring components can be cut and processed. The conical reflective sleeve can reflect some of the laser scattered by the steel structure ring component during laser cutting, reducing laser energy waste to a certain extent and helping to improve cutting efficiency. The coordinated operation of the illusion plate, arc groove, conical groove, wear-resistant hemispherical block, deflection rod, sphere, and deflection adjustment mechanism can monitor the oxide scale on the surface of the steel structure ring component in real time in the forward direction of the laser head. Based on the roughness and thickness of the oxide scale surface, the laser output power of the laser head assembly is automatically adjusted to increase, ensuring that the areas of the steel structure ring component with oxide scale can be fully cut, while the laser output power of the laser head assembly can be reduced in areas without oxide scale, reducing energy consumption and minimizing over-cutting of the steel structure ring component.

[0016] 2. Through the set suction and exhaust mechanism, the particles of steel structure ring components evaporated by the laser can be quickly sucked away during the laser cutting process, so as to avoid the particles from contacting the laser head surface as much as possible. This can minimize the amount of molten slag adhering to the laser head surface and avoid excessive molten slag adhesion affecting normal cutting work.

[0017] 3. The reflux mechanism allows filtered hot air to be returned to the laser cutting position. This generates high-pressure airflow in the gap between the ring plate and the steel ring component, preventing the airflow generated during laser cutting from escaping. It also preheats the area around the steel ring component to be cut, facilitating laser cutting. In conjunction with the indicator mechanism, the mechanism automatically reminds personnel to clean the slag from the laser head surface based on the length, roughness, and thickness of the oxide layer on the steel ring component. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic cutting device for steel structure ring components provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the conical reflective sleeve of an automatic cutting device for steel structure ring components provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the arc-shaped groove of an automatic cutting device for steel structure ring components provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This invention provides an automatic cutting device for steel structure ring components. Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure of section A;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the annular hollow seat of an automatic cutting device for steel structure ring components provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the tee pipe, exhaust pipe, and return pipe of an automatic cutting device for steel structure ring components provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a bottom view of the annular plate of an automatic cutting device for steel structure annular components provided by the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Main body; 2. Drive mechanism; 3. Mounting base; 4. Laser head assembly; 5. Conical reflector sleeve; 6. Annular plate; 7. Arc groove; 8. Conical groove; 9. Wear-resistant hemispherical block; 10. Deflection rod; 11. Sphere; 12. Deflection adjustment mechanism; 121. Insulating cylinder; 122. Circular hole; 123. Insulating top rod; 124. Spring; 125. Resistance sleeve; 126. Conductive ring; 13. Suction and exhaust mechanism; 131. Annular cavity; 132. Suction hole; 133. Suction pipe; 134. Fixed rigid pipe; 135. Annular hollow seat; 136. 137. Mounting plate; 138. Exhaust fan; 139. Horizontal pipe; 14. Vertical pipe; 15. Pushing mechanism; 16. Electromagnetic push rod; 17. Lifting block; 18. Return mechanism; 19. Exhaust pipe; 10. Return hose; 11. Ring pipe; 12. Capillary tube; 13. Indicating mechanism; 14. T-joint pipe; 15. Return pipe; 16. Normally closed solenoid valve; 17. Normally open solenoid valve; 18. Gas flow meter; 19. Electromagnetic switch; 10. Connecting hose; 11. Ring baffle; 12. Filter packing; 133. Electronic counter. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0027] like Figures 1-7As shown, an automatic cutting device for steel structure ring components includes a body 1, a drive mechanism 2, a mounting base 3, and a laser head assembly 4 mounted on the bottom of the mounting base 3. The body 1 is connected to the mounting base 3 via the drive mechanism 2. A conical reflective sleeve 5 is provided below the laser head assembly 4. An annular plate 6 is installed at the bottom of the conical reflective sleeve 5. Multiple arc-shaped grooves 7 are formed at the bottom of the annular plate 6, and a set of conical grooves 8 are formed at the bottom of each arc-shaped groove 7. A set of wear-resistant hemispheres is provided below each conical groove 8. Each wear-resistant hemispherical block 9 has a deflection rod 10 fixedly installed on its top, and a ball 11 is fixedly connected to the end of the deflection rod 10. The bottom of each conical groove 8 is rotatably connected to the ball 11 on the same side. Each conical groove 8 has a deflection adjustment mechanism 12 that cooperates with the deflection rod 10 installed on its groove wall. The deflection adjustment mechanism 12 is electrically connected to the laser head assembly 4 through the control terminal of the body 1. Each deflection adjustment mechanism 12 includes multiple insulating cylinders 121 fixedly installed on the groove wall of the conical groove 8. Each insulating cylinder 121 has a circular hole 122 at its end. An insulating rod 123 is slidably mounted inside each circular hole 122. A spring 124 is fixed between each insulating rod 123 and the wall of the conical groove 8. The end of each insulating rod 123 away from the spring 124 abuts against the wall of the deflection rod 10. A resistor sleeve 125 is fixedly fitted onto the wall of each insulating rod 123. A conductive ring 126 is fixedly installed inside the circular hole 122, and the conductive ring 126 is connected to the resistor... The outer wall of sleeve 125 slides in contact. The conductive rings 126 and the resistive sleeve 125 inside the same arc groove 7 are connected in series to the control end of the body 1. When there is no relative displacement between the conductive ring 126 and the resistive sleeve 125, the resistance of the connection circuit between the conductive ring 126 and the control end of the body 1 is at its maximum. The control end of the body 1 can measure the current through the connection circuit between the conductive ring 126 and the resistive sleeve 125, and control the output power of the laser head assembly 4 according to the measured current.

[0028] The conical reflector sleeve 5 and the mounting base 3 are jointly equipped with a suction and exhaust mechanism 13. The suction and exhaust mechanism 13 includes an annular cavity 131 opened inside the conical reflector sleeve 5, and the side wall of the annular cavity 131 is provided with a plurality of inclined suction holes 132. Two suction pipes 133 are fixedly inserted into the cavity wall of the annular cavity 131, and the ends of the two suction pipes 133 are each equipped with a fixed rigid pipe 134. An annular hollow seat 135 is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting base 3, and a mounting plate 136 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the annular hollow seat 135. A suction fan 137 is installed, and the suction end of the suction fan 137 is fixedly connected to a horizontal pipe 138. Both ends of the horizontal pipe 138 are connected to the interior of the annular hollow seat 135. Two vertical pipes 139 are fixedly inserted into the bottom of the annular hollow seat 135, and the ends of the two vertical pipes 139 away from the annular hollow seat 135 are fixedly connected to connecting hoses 17. Both connecting hoses 17 are connected to the fixed rigid pipe 134 on the same side. The suction fan 137 is electrically connected to the control end of the body 1. The height of the air inlet of the suction port 132 is higher than the height of the air outlet.

[0029] Inside the annular hollow seat 135, two annular baffles 18 are fixedly installed between the horizontal tube 138 and the vertical tube 139, and filter media 19 is filled between the two annular baffles 18. The filter media 19 can be activated carbon media. The filter media 19 can adsorb and purify the particulate matter generated by the cutting in the airflow. The top of the annular hollow seat 135 is provided with an annular opening (located between the two annular baffles 18). The filter media 19 can be replaced through the annular opening. At the same time, a sealing cover is installed at the annular opening to ensure the airtightness of the annular hollow seat 135.

[0030] Mounting base 3 is equipped with a pushing mechanism 14, and the pushing mechanism 14 is connected to the conical reflective sleeve 5 through a suction and exhaust mechanism 13. The pushing mechanism 14 includes two electromagnetic push rods 141 fixedly inserted into the end face of the mounting base 3. The two electromagnetic push rods 141 are respectively set on both sides of the laser head assembly 4. The output ends of the two electromagnetic push rods 141 are fixedly connected to lifting blocks 142, and the two fixed rigid tubes 134 pass through the lifting blocks 142 on the same side. The two electromagnetic push rods 141 are electrically connected to the control end of the body 1. The electromagnetic push rod 141 includes components such as a magnetic shielding cylinder, a telescopic rod, a permanent magnet, an electromagnetic component, and an elastic component. After the electromagnetic component is energized, under the action of like poles repulsion, the permanent magnet will push the telescopic rod outward. This is an existing mature technology, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0031] The outer wall of the annular plate 6 is equipped with a return mechanism 15 that is connected to the suction and exhaust mechanism 13. The return mechanism 15 includes an exhaust pipe 151 that is connected to the exhaust end of the suction fan 137. The exhaust end of the exhaust pipe 151 is fixedly connected to a return hose 152. An annular pipe 153 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the annular plate 6 and is connected to the return hose 152. Multiple capillary tubes 154 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular pipe 153, and each capillary tube 154 is connected to the conical groove 8 on the same side. By returning the purified high-temperature gas, the high-temperature gas can be used to preheat the position of the steel structure annular component that is about to be cut.

[0032] The return flow mechanism 15 is connected to a prompting mechanism 16, and the prompting mechanism 16 is electrically connected to the deflection adjustment mechanism 12 via the control terminal of the body 1. The prompting mechanism 16 includes a three-way pipe 161 fixedly connected to the air outlet of the exhaust fan 137. One end of the exhaust pipe 151 is connected to the three-way pipe 161, and the end of the three-way pipe 161 away from the exhaust pipe 151 is fixedly connected to a return pipe 162. The end of the return pipe 162 away from the three-way pipe 161 is connected to the exhaust pipe 151. A normally closed solenoid valve 163 is installed inside the three-way pipe 161 near the return pipe 162, and a normally open solenoid valve 164 is installed inside the three-way pipe 161 near the exhaust pipe 151. The pipe wall of the three-way pipe 161 near the return pipe 162... A detachable gas flow meter 165 is installed, and the detection end of the gas flow meter 165 is located inside the three-way pipe 161. Each arc-shaped groove 7 is fixedly installed with an electromagnetic switch 166, and the electromagnetic switch 166 is connected in series with each conductive ring 126 and resistor sleeve 125 inside the arc-shaped groove 7 on the same side. The electromagnetic switch 166 is electrically connected to the normally open solenoid valve 164 and normally closed solenoid valve 163 through the control end of the body 1. The gas flow meter 165 is electrically connected to the control end of the body 1. The gas flow meter 165 calculates the gas flow rate by calculating the number of rotations of its own turbine when the gas flows through it, and outputs an electrical signal to the control end of the body 1 after the number of rotations of the turbine reaches the set value. This is a mature existing technology, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0033] An electronic counter 20 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular hollow seat 135. The gas flow meter 165 is electrically connected to the electronic counter 20 through the control terminal of the body 1. After receiving the electrical signal, the electronic counter 20 will increase the count by 1. When the count reaches the set value, it will output an electrical signal to the control terminal of the body 1. This is a mature existing technology, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0034] The operating principle of the present invention is explained as follows: The steel structure ring component to be cut is installed on the table of the machine body 1, and the steel structure ring component is clamped and fixed by the clamping tool on the machine body 1 (the clamping tool drives the clamping plate to move and abut against the steel structure ring component through a structure such as a screw, thereby fixing the steel structure ring component on the table of the machine body 1). Then, the cutting operation is started through the control end of the machine body 1 (the control end of the machine body 1 refers to the PLC controller). The control end of the machine body 1 can control the drive mechanism 2 to work. The drive mechanism 2 can drive the mounting base 3 to move the laser head assembly 4 according to the preset route. The control end of the machine body 1 will control the laser head assembly 4 to work. The laser head assembly 4 emits a laser beam, which can be used to quickly cut the steel structure ring component.

[0035] Before activating the drive mechanism 2, the control terminal of the machine body 1 controls the two electromagnetic push rods 141 to be energized (the magnitude of the current is set according to the distance between the laser head assembly 4 and the steel structure ring component). The electromagnetic push rods 141 can maintain the surface of each wear-resistant hemispherical block 9 in a state of just contact with the surface of the steel structure ring component by fixing the rigid tube 134, the conical reflective sleeve 5 and the ring plate 6. When the control terminal of the machine body 1 drives the laser head assembly 4 to move through the drive mechanism 2 and the mounting base 3, it will connect the conductive ring 126 and the resistive sleeve 125 in the arc groove 7 on the same side as the forward direction of the laser head assembly 4 to its own control terminal (when setting the moving route of the laser head assembly 4 through the control terminal of the machine body 1, the forward direction of the laser head assembly 4 is also set). The timing of the connection between the conductive ring 126 and the resistor sleeve 125 in the arc-shaped groove 7 on the same side and the control terminal of the machine body 1 is as follows: for example, when the laser head assembly 4 begins to move to the left, the connection between the conductive ring 126 and the resistor sleeve 125 in the arc-shaped groove 7 on the left side and the control terminal of the machine body 1 begins to connect; after the laser head assembly 4 turns, the connection between the conductive ring 126 and the resistor sleeve 125 on the left side and the control terminal of the machine body 1 disconnects, while the conductive ring 126 and the resistor sleeve 125 in the arc-shaped groove 7 moving in the same direction as the laser head assembly 4 after the reversal begins to connect with the control terminal of the machine body 1. The measuring circuit of the control terminal of the machine body 1 will measure the current magnitude of the connection circuit with the conductive ring 126 and the resistor sleeve 125 on that side, and The output power of the laser head assembly 4 is controlled according to the measured current. When the annular plate 6 moves each wear-resistant hemispherical block 9, if the wear-resistant hemispherical block 9 moves to the oxide scale on the surface of the steel structure annular component, due to the large roughness and thickness of the oxide scale, the wear-resistant hemispherical block 9 will cause the deflection rod 10 on the same side to tilt under the action of friction. This will squeeze the insulating top rod 123 on one side, causing the insulating top rod 123 on that side to move into the insulating cylinder 121 on the same side. At this time, the length of the resistor sleeve 125 connected to the conductive ring 126 and the control end of the machine body 1 on that side becomes shorter. Therefore, the connection circuit between the conductive ring 126, the resistor sleeve 125 and the control end of the machine body 1 is shortened. When the current increases, the measurement circuit at the control end of the machine body 1 detects the increased current in the connection circuit and synchronously increases the output power of the laser head assembly 4. This increases the energy of the laser beam, thus achieving sufficient cutting at the oxide scale location. When the wear-resistant hemispherical block 9 leaves the oxide scale location on the surface of the steel structure ring component, the frictional force of the oxide scale on the wear-resistant block disappears. At this time, under the action of the spring 124, the insulating top rod 123 will push the deflection rod 10 back, which can cause the deflection rod 10 to drive the wear-resistant hemispherical block 9 to move back and reset. Subsequently, the control end of the machine body 1 will control the output power of the laser head assembly 4 to recover, thereby avoiding excessive energy output by the laser head assembly 4, which would cause the steel structure ring component to be over-cut.

[0036] When the control terminal of the machine body 1 is activated, it will simultaneously control the suction fan 137 to start working. The suction end of the suction fan 137 can generate negative pressure suction at each suction port 132 through the horizontal pipe 138, the annular hollow seat 135, the vertical pipe 139, the connecting hose 17, the fixed rigid pipe 134, and the annular cavity 131. Under the action of negative pressure suction, the particulate waste gas generated during laser cutting will be sucked into the annular hollow seat 135. Under the action of the filter packing 19 inside the annular hollow seat 135, the particulate waste generated during cutting in the airflow will be adsorbed and filtered. The filtered and purified airflow is discharged into the three-way pipe 161 by the suction fan 137, and then enters the annular pipe 153 through the exhaust pipe 151 and the return hose 152. Finally, it passes through multiple bristles. The thin tube 154 enters the conical groove 8 and exits through the conical groove 8. The airflow exiting the conical groove 8 will make the air pressure in the gap between the annular plate 6 and the surface of the steel structure annular component high pressure, thereby preventing the exhaust gas generated during laser cutting from escaping through the gap. This can improve the adsorption of exhaust gas generated by laser cutting by the suction hole 132. At the same time, since the exhaust gas generated during laser cutting has a high temperature, by returning the purified high temperature air to the surface of the steel structure annular component, the temperature of the steel structure annular component to be cut can be increased by the hot air. By preheating the surface of the steel structure annular component, the cutting efficiency of the laser head assembly 4 on the steel structure annular component can be improved, and energy waste can be reduced.

[0037] During laser cutting, if the wear-resistant hemispherical block 9 on the same side as the laser head assembly 4 moves to the position of the oxide scale, the resistance of the connection circuit between the conductive ring 126, the resistor sleeve 125 and the control terminal of the machine body 1 on that side will decrease. At this time, the current flowing into the electromagnetic switch 166 connected in series with the conductive ring 126 and the resistor sleeve 125 will also increase, causing the moving contact of the electromagnetic switch 166 to magnetically close. After receiving the closing electrical signal of the electromagnetic switch 166, the control terminal of the machine body 1 will control the normally open solenoid valve 164 and the normally closed solenoid valve 163 inside the three-way pipe 161 to be energized. At this time, the suction fan 137 outputs... The outgoing airflow passes through the three-way pipe 161 and then through the gas flow meter 165, before returning to the exhaust pipe 151 via the return pipe 162. As the airflow passes through the gas flow meter 165, it drives the turbine of the gas flow meter 165 to rotate. The gas flow meter 165 calculates the gas flow rate by counting the number of rotations of its turbine. When the turbine of the gas flow meter 165 rotates 1000 revolutions, the gas flow meter 165 outputs an electrical signal to the control terminal of the machine body 1. At this time, the alarm module of the control terminal of the machine body 1 will immediately sound an alarm (such as a buzzer). The operator receives the signal. After receiving an alarm signal from the control terminal of machine body 1, it is necessary to promptly clean the slag adhering to the surface of the laser head assembly 4's output end. Because the oxide scale contains many impurities during laser cutting, and a large amount of particulate matter is evaporated by the laser, the amount of slag that may adhere to the output end of laser head assembly 4 will be significantly increased. Therefore, by calculating the number of times and the time it takes for the laser beam to pass through the oxide scale location, personnel can be reminded to promptly clean the slag from the surface of laser head assembly 4 to prevent slag from affecting the normal operation of laser head assembly 4. Secondly, each time gas flow meter 165 outputs an electrical signal to the control terminal of machine body 1, the control terminal of machine body 1 will... An electrical signal is simultaneously input into the electronic counter 20. After receiving an electrical signal, the electronic counter 20 will increment by one. When the electronic counter 20 has counted 20 times, it will also output an electrical signal to the control terminal of the machine body 1. After receiving the electrical signal output by the electronic counter 20, the control terminal of the machine body 1 will also alarm the staff through its own alarm module (different from the alarm generated when the control terminal of the machine body 1 receives the gas flow meter 165, such as an audible and visual alarm). After receiving the alarm signal, the staff should replace the filter packing 19 inside the annular hollow seat 135 in a timely manner.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic cutting device for steel structure ring components, comprising a body (1), a drive mechanism (2), a mounting base (3), and a laser head assembly (4) mounted on the bottom of the mounting base (3), characterized in that, The body (1) is connected to the mounting base (3) via a drive mechanism (2). A conical reflective sleeve (5) is provided below the laser head assembly (4). An annular plate (6) is installed at the bottom of the conical reflective sleeve (5). Multiple arc-shaped grooves (7) are opened at the bottom of the annular plate (6), and a set of conical grooves (8) are opened at the bottom of each arc-shaped groove (7). A set of wear-resistant hemispherical blocks (9) is provided below each conical groove (8). A deflection rod (10) is fixedly installed on the top of each wear-resistant hemispherical block (9), and a ball (11) is fixedly connected to the end of the deflection rod (10). The bottom of each conical groove (8) is rotatably connected to the ball (11) on the same side. The groove walls of each conical groove (8) are all equipped with... The device is equipped with a deflection adjustment mechanism (12) that cooperates with the deflection rod (10), and the deflection adjustment mechanism (12) is electrically connected to the laser head assembly (4) through the control end of the body (1). The conical reflector sleeve (5) and the mounting base (3) are jointly equipped with a suction and exhaust mechanism (13). The mounting base (3) is equipped with a push mechanism (14), and the push mechanism (14) is connected to the conical reflector sleeve (5) through the suction and exhaust mechanism (13). The outer wall of the annular plate (6) is equipped with a return mechanism (15) that communicates with the suction and exhaust mechanism (13), and the return mechanism (15) is connected to a prompting mechanism (16). The prompting mechanism (16) is electrically connected to the deflection adjustment mechanism (12) through the control end of the body (1). The suction and exhaust mechanism (13) includes an annular cavity (131) inside the conical reflective sleeve (5), and the side wall of the annular cavity (131) is provided with a plurality of inclined suction holes (132). Two suction pipes (133) are fixedly inserted into the cavity wall of the annular cavity (131), and the ends of the two suction pipes (133) are each equipped with a fixed rigid pipe (134). An annular hollow seat (135) is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting base (3), and a mounting plate (136) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the annular hollow seat (135). The mounting plate (136) is installed on the inner side of the annular hollow seat (135). The device is equipped with a suction fan (137), and the suction end of the suction fan (137) is fixedly connected to a horizontal pipe (138). Both ends of the horizontal pipe (138) are connected to the interior of an annular hollow seat (135). Two vertical pipes (139) are fixedly inserted into the bottom of the annular hollow seat (135), and the ends of the two vertical pipes (139) away from the annular hollow seat (135) are fixedly connected to a connecting hose (17). Both connecting hoses (17) are connected to a fixed hard pipe (134) on the same side. The suction fan (137) is electrically connected to the control end of the body (1).

2. The automatic cutting device for steel structure ring components according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the deflection adjustment mechanisms (12) includes multiple insulating cylinders (121) fixedly installed on the wall of the conical groove (8), and each insulating cylinder (121) has a circular hole (122) at its end. Each circular hole (122) has an insulating rod (123) slidably installed inside it. Each insulating rod (123) is fixedly installed with a spring (124) between it and the wall of the conical groove (8). The end of each insulating rod (123) away from the spring (124) abuts against the wall of the deflection rod (10). Each insulating rod (123) has a resistor sleeve (125) fixedly sleeved on its wall. A conductive ring (126) is fixedly installed inside the circular hole (122), and the conductive ring (126) slides in contact with the outer wall of the resistor sleeve (125). Each conductive ring (126) and resistor sleeve (125) inside the same arc groove (7) are connected in series in the control end of the body (1).

3. The automatic cutting device for steel structure ring components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The push mechanism (14) includes two electromagnetic push rods (141) fixedly inserted into the end face of the mounting base (3). The two electromagnetic push rods (141) are respectively arranged on both sides of the laser head assembly (4). The output ends of the two electromagnetic push rods (141) are fixedly connected to lifting blocks (142), and two fixed hard tubes (134) pass through the lifting blocks (142) on the same side. The two electromagnetic push rods (141) are electrically connected to the control end of the machine body (1).

4. The automatic cutting device for steel structure ring components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The return mechanism (15) includes an exhaust pipe (151) connected to the air outlet of the suction fan (137). The air outlet of the exhaust pipe (151) is fixedly connected to a return hose (152). An annular pipe (153) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the annular plate (6), and the annular pipe (153) is connected to the return hose (152). Multiple capillary tubes (154) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular pipe (153), and each capillary tube (154) is connected to the conical groove (8) on the same side.

5. The automatic cutting device for steel structure ring components according to claim 4, characterized in that, The prompting mechanism (16) includes a three-way pipe (161) fixedly connected to the air outlet of the exhaust fan (137). One end of the exhaust pipe (151) is connected to the three-way pipe (161), and a return pipe (162) is fixedly connected to the end of the three-way pipe (161) away from the exhaust pipe (151). The end of the return pipe (162) away from the three-way pipe (161) is connected to the exhaust pipe (151). A normally closed solenoid valve (163) is installed inside the three-way pipe (161) near the return pipe (162), and a normally open solenoid valve (164) is installed inside the three-way pipe (161) near the exhaust pipe (151). A detachable gas flow meter (165) is installed on the side of the three-way pipe (161) near the return pipe (162), and the detection end of the gas flow meter (165) is located inside the three-way pipe (161). An electromagnetic switch (166) is fixedly installed inside each of the arc grooves (7), and the electromagnetic switch (166) is connected in series with each conductive ring (126) and resistor sleeve (125) inside the arc groove (7) on the same side. The electromagnetic switch (166) is electrically connected to the normally open solenoid valve (164) and normally closed solenoid valve (163) through the control end of the body (1). The gas flow meter (165) is electrically connected to the control end of the body (1).

6. The automatic cutting device for steel structure ring components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular hollow seat (135) has two annular baffles (18) fixedly installed inside between the horizontal tube (138) and the vertical tube (139), and the space between the two annular baffles (18) is filled with filter material (19).

7. The automatic cutting device for steel structure ring components according to claim 5, characterized in that, An electronic counter (20) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular hollow seat (135), and the gas flow meter (165) is electrically connected to the electronic counter (20) through the control terminal of the body (1).

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