Small-sized household garbage pyrolysis furnace ash chamber

Abstract

The invention provides a small household garbage pyrolysis furnace ash chamber, comprising a furnace body and a grate, the grate is located in the interior of the furnace body; the space below the grate is the ash chamber, and the space above the grate is the reaction chamber; the ash chamber is provided with an air distribution system and a slag collecting pipe; the slag collecting pipe is provided with a slag discharging screw and a slag discharging mechanism at one end. When in operation, air enters the ash chamber through the air distribution system and is blown to the surface of the ash at a high speed, and a cyclone is formed in the ash chamber; by optimizing the matching between air and ash, the afterburning of the ash is accelerated to reduce the loss on ignition of the ash, and the heat exchange between air and ash is enhanced to reduce the temperature of the discharged ash; the ash is pushed out of the reaction chamber by the slag discharging screw and discharged through the slag discharging mechanism, which can effectively prevent a large amount of external air from rushing into the ash chamber during the slag discharging process and interfering with the operation stability of the reaction chamber; and the operation of the slag discharging process is realized in a button type to reduce the labor intensity of the operator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of municipal solid waste thermal treatment technology, and in particular to an ash chamber for a small municipal solid waste pyrolysis furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Municipal solid waste thermal treatment includes two technical routes: centralized incineration power generation and decentralized incineration treatment. For small counties, towns, islands, and highway service areas where centralized incineration power generation is difficult to implement, small-scale municipal solid waste clean thermal treatment systems and decentralized municipal solid waste treatment have certain advantages.

[0003] Pyrolysis technology is a promising technology for achieving stable emissions compliance in small-scale municipal solid waste thermal treatment systems. Its basic principle is as follows: Municipal solid waste is first heated in a reaction chamber (furnace) to promote a pyrolysis reaction, generating pyrolysis flue gas containing combustible components. This flue gas is then fed into a secondary combustion reactor, supplemented with fresh air, allowing for a thorough oxidation reaction. This oxidation and decomposition of harmful pollutants significantly reduces the concentration of pollutants in the high-temperature flue gas emitted from the secondary combustion reactor, making it easier to meet emission standards.

[0004] The pyrolysis-combustion coupled reaction mode is an important branch of small-scale municipal solid waste pyrolysis treatment technology. Its core idea is to burn the residue after the waste has been pyrolyzed to a certain depth. The heat released by the combustion of the residue is used to maintain the heat required for waste pyrolysis, thereby reducing or eliminating the need for external auxiliary heat to achieve energy balance in the reaction chamber. This achieves the goal of pyrolysis of waste at a lower economic cost and producing pyrolysis flue gas with a high calorific value for subsequent treatment, and has a promising development prospect.

[0005] However, small-scale municipal solid waste thermal treatment systems based on the pyrolysis-combustion coupled reaction mode have special requirements for the ash chamber, which are reflected in:

[0006] (1) Unburned carbon and other organic components in ash can be further combusted in the ash chamber, releasing heat and reducing the heat loss on ignition of ash.

[0007] When ash falls from the reaction chamber into the ash chamber, the loss on ignition is as high as 4%-8%. This not only means that a certain amount of calorific value is not utilized, but it may also cause the ash loss on ignition to fail to meet the national standard of less than 5%.

[0008] (2) Before the ash is discharged, it should be thoroughly cooled and the heat should be recycled.

[0009] The temperature of ash entering the reaction chamber reaches 1000-1200℃, and the slow combustion and heat release from the carbon and other organic components, coupled with the generally strong insulation of the furnace body, makes it extremely difficult to lower the temperature if the flow field within the ash chamber is not properly organized to dissipate the heat from the ash itself. Actual operation shows that even after 24 hours of furnace shutdown, the ash inside a traditional ash chamber remains a bright red color with temperatures exceeding 650℃. After the ash is discharged and comes into contact with oxygen, the temperature will rise further, requiring not only specialized ash quenching and cooling treatment but also posing safety hazards.

[0010] (3) The ash chamber should have good sealing performance, and a large amount of air should not rush in during the ash discharge process, which would cause drastic changes in the flow field parameters in the reaction chamber.

[0011] Since the ash chamber and the reaction chamber are connected by a grate and both are under negative pressure, if they are directly connected to the external environment during the ash discharge process, external air will rush in, causing a sharp change in the flow field of the reaction chamber and affecting the operating status and stability of the reaction chamber.

[0012] (4) The slag discharge process is simple to operate, saves labor costs, and is conducive to improving the environment inside the treatment station.

[0013] Generally, the ash residue after thermal treatment of municipal solid waste accounts for 7%–20% of the total mass before treatment. For example, a small thermal treatment plant processing 30 tons of municipal solid waste per day will produce approximately 3–4 tons of ash residue daily, equivalent to 1.5–2.2 cubic meters. 3 Manual slag removal is labor-intensive, generates a lot of dust, increases labor costs, and negatively impacts the environment inside the incineration plant.

[0014] Therefore, for small-scale municipal solid waste thermal treatment systems based on the pyrolysis-combustion coupled reaction mode, developing an ash chamber and its matching ash discharge mechanism that can reduce the loss on ignition and temperature during ash discharge, fully recover the energy in the ash, reduce the impact of ash discharge on the operation of the reaction chamber, and is easy to operate is of great significance for the development of small-scale municipal solid waste thermal treatment systems and decentralized municipal solid waste clean thermal treatment technologies based on the pyrolysis-combustion coupled reaction mode. Summary of the Invention

[0015] This invention provides an ash chamber for a small municipal solid waste pyrolysis furnace and a matching ash discharge mechanism, which achieves the following objectives: improving the combustion effect of ash, reducing the heat loss on ash, better recovering heat from ash, reducing the impact of ash discharge on the operating status of the reaction chamber, and simplifying the ash discharge process.

[0016] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: it includes a furnace body and a grate.

[0017] The furnace body is a cavity structure including a bottom and surrounding side walls;

[0018] The grate is located inside the furnace body and is installed on the side wall of the furnace body;

[0019] The space enclosed by the inner surfaces of the four side walls of the furnace body, the top of the bottom, and the bottom of the grate is the ash chamber; the space above the grate is the reaction chamber, and the ash chamber and the reaction chamber are connected through the gaps in the grate.

[0020] The ash chamber is equipped with a ventilation system, the structure of which is as follows:

[0021] Including the air intake pipe, the peripheral air distribution system, and the intermediate air distribution system;

[0022] The air inlet pipe is connected to both the peripheral air distribution system and the intermediate air distribution system, with one end extending beyond the side wall of the furnace body.

[0023] The structure of the peripheral air distribution system includes an annular air duct, and the annular air duct is provided with several side wall air outlets that lead into the ash chamber.

[0024] The intermediate air distribution system is structured as follows: it includes a horizontal air duct, one end of which is connected to the air inlet pipe, and the other end is connected to a vertical air duct; the vertical air duct is provided with an intermediate air outlet leading into the ash chamber and a downward air spray outlet.

[0025] The ash chamber is also equipped with a slag collection pipe, which has the following structure: a spiral support section, a connecting plate, and an ash discharge section.

[0026] The ash discharge section and the spiral support section are coaxial and connected to each other in the ash chamber by a connecting plate.

[0027] One end of the spiral support section is connected to the ash chamber, and the other end extends beyond the side wall of the furnace body;

[0028] One end of the ash and slag ejection section is connected to the ash and slag chamber, and the other end extends to the other side wall of the furnace body. A slag discharge mechanism is provided at the end.

[0029] The slag collection pipe is equipped with a slag discharge spiral, one end of which extends into the slag discharge mechanism.

[0030] The slag discharge mechanism comprises a slag guide pipe and a slag discharge section.

[0031] The slag guide pipe is coaxial with the slag collection pipe, and is equipped with an inspection window and has a slag discharge spiral inside.

[0032] The slag discharge section is located directly below and communicates with the slag guide pipe. Its interior is equipped with a slag inlet gate and a slag outlet gate from top to bottom, forming a transition chamber between the two.

[0033] Preferably, the annular air duct is located inside the side wall of the furnace body;

[0034] Preferably, the direction of the side wall air outlet is such that it has the same rotation direction as the center line of the vertical direction of the ash chamber, and forms a downward angle with the horizontal plane.

[0035] Preferably, the centerline of the vertical duct coincides with the centerline of the ash chamber in the vertical direction;

[0036] Preferably, the direction of the intermediate air outlet is such that it has the same rotation direction as the center line of the vertical direction of the ash chamber, and forms a downward angle with the horizontal plane;

[0037] Specifically, within the ash chamber, when viewed from above, the side wall air vents and the central air vent have the same rotation direction relative to the vertical centerline of the ash chamber;

[0038] Preferably, the slag discharge mechanism is a set, and correspondingly, the slag collection pipe and slag discharge screw located in the ash chamber are also a set;

[0039] Preferably, there is more than one set of slag discharge mechanisms, and correspondingly, the slag collection pipes located in the ash chamber are all equipped with slag discharge screws;

[0040] The working principle of the above structure is as follows:

[0041] Air enters the air distribution system through the air inlet pipe and is divided into two paths: one path enters the ash chamber through the annular air duct and the side wall air outlet; the other path enters the ash chamber through the horizontal air duct and the vertical air duct, the middle air outlet and the downward air spray outlet.

[0042] After the air from each path enters the ash chamber, it is blown toward the surface of the ash at a high speed and forms a swirling flow in the ash chamber. On the one hand, it provides the necessary oxygen for the unburned carbonaceous components in the ash to further combust, accelerates the complete combustion of the ash and reduces its loss on ignition; on the other hand, it enhances the convective heat transfer between the air and the ash, allowing the air to better absorb the heat of the ash and rise in temperature.

[0043] After the air comes into contact with the ash and slag and undergoes heat and mass transfer, it is transformed into co-firing air, which rises through the grate and enters the reaction chamber to participate in the reaction of the waste bed, turning the waste into ash and slag; the ash and slag fall through the grate into the ash and slag chamber.

[0044] When the ash and slag in the ash and slag chamber accumulate to a certain amount, the slag discharge screw starts to rotate, the slag inlet gate opens, and the slag discharge gate closes; the slag discharge screw pushes the ash and slag out of the ash and slag outlet section from the ash and slag chamber, and into the slag guide pipe and transition chamber of the slag discharge mechanism in sequence;

[0045] When the ash and slag in the transition chamber accumulate to a certain amount, the slag discharge screw stops rotating, the slag inlet gate closes, the slag outlet gate opens, the ash and slag are discharged from the slag outlet gate, and then the slag outlet gate is closed.

[0046] Following this procedure, excess ash and slag in the ash chamber are discharged out of the furnace in batches.

[0047] The above-described technical solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0048] After the air enters the ash chamber from various directions, the matching between air and ash is optimized, thereby accelerating the afterburning of ash and better eliminating components in the ash that are difficult to burn through, reducing the ash's loss on ignition; improving heat exchange between ash and air, lowering the ash temperature, and improving the safety of the ash discharged from the furnace; increasing the temperature of the co-firing air entering the reaction chamber, which is beneficial to promoting the reaction quality in the reaction chamber; ensuring the airtightness of the ash chamber during ash discharge, preventing a large influx of external air from interfering with the operation of the reaction chamber; and enabling button-operated operation of the ash discharge process, which helps reduce the labor intensity of operators. Specifically:

[0049] (1) When air enters the ash chamber, it blows towards the ash surface at a high speed and forms a vortex in the ash chamber, so that the ash can get oxygen more fully and quickly, thereby accelerating the combustion of the ash and better eliminating the components in the ash that are difficult to burn through, and reducing the heat loss on ignition of the ash.

[0050] The facts show that, under normal operating conditions, the technical solution described in this invention can prevent the formation of carbonaceous spheres in watermelons with a diameter of less than 15cm after processing; the overall loss on ignition of the ash residue can be reduced to less than 2%.

[0051] (2) The flow field in the ash chamber is more uniform and the relative velocity between air and ash is increased, which strengthens the convective heat transfer between the gas and solid phases. The sensible heat in the ash can be fully transferred to the air, which makes the temperature of the ash lower and the temperature of the air mixed in higher. On the one hand, it is beneficial to improve the safety of the ash produced from the furnace, and on the other hand, it is beneficial to improve the quality of the pyrolysis-combustion coupling reaction in the reaction chamber and increase the pyrolysis depth.

[0052] The facts show that the technical solution described in this invention can reduce the temperature of ash and slag discharge to below 600°C when the air temperature is 420-450°C; and can reduce the temperature of ash and slag discharge to below 150°C when the air temperature is 15-25°C.

[0053] (3) During the ash discharge process, the ash inlet gate and the ash outlet gate are not opened at the same time. The ash residue in the ash discharge section and the ash guide pipe will also play a certain role in preventing airflow. Therefore, during the ash discharge process, a large amount of external air will not rush into the ash chamber. When the ash is not discharged, the ash inlet gate and the ash outlet gate are both closed, which makes the ash chamber have a good air-locking ability, which is conducive to improving the stable operation of the reaction chamber.

[0054] (4) The technical solution described in this invention only involves the rotation of the slag discharge screw, the reciprocating motion of the slag inlet gate and the slag outlet gate, etc., which is easy to realize button operation and lays a certain foundation for automated operation.

[0055] This has positive implications for improving the stable operation of the pyrolysis-combustion coupled reaction of municipal solid waste in the reaction chamber, reducing the loss on ignition rate of ash slag, and saving labor costs for slag removal. Attached Figure Description

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ash chamber of the small-scale municipal solid waste pyrolysis furnace described in this invention;

[0057] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view along axis AA;

[0058] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The figure is a sectional view along the BB direction, and it is a schematic diagram of the ash entering the transition chamber when the ash gate is open and the ash gate is closed.

[0059] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The figure is a sectional view along the BB direction, and it is a schematic diagram of the ash and slag being discharged from the transition chamber when the ash inlet gate is closed and the ash outlet gate is open.

[0060] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 The figure is a cross-sectional view along line AA, and this figure is a schematic diagram of the case where only one set of slag discharge mechanism is provided;

[0061] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 The figure is a cross-sectional view along line AA, and this figure is a schematic diagram of the case where the slag discharge mechanism has two sets;

[0062] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point I;

[0063] Figure 8 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of section II;

[0064] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 DD section view;

[0065] Figure 10 This is an isometric drawing of the air distribution system;

[0066] Figure 11 It is an isometric drawing of the slag removal mechanism;

[0067] Figure 12 This is an isometric view of the slag collection pipe.

[0068] The names corresponding to the serial numbers in the figure are:

[0069] 1. Grate; 2. Furnace body; 3. Ash and slag chamber; 4. Air distribution system; 5. Air; 6. Slag discharge mechanism; 7. Slag discharge screw; 8. Slag collection pipe; 9. Inspection door; 10. Blended air; 11. Ash and slag; 12. Reaction chamber; 13. Rotating airflow; 410. Air inlet pipe; 420. Peripheral air distribution system; 421. Annular air duct; 422. Side wall vent; 430. Intermediate air distribution system; 431. Horizontal air duct; 432. Vertical air duct; 433. Intermediate vent; 434. Downward air jet; 610. Slag guide pipe; 611. Inspection window; 620. Slag discharge section; 621. Slag inlet gate; 622. Slag discharge gate; 623. Transition chamber; 810. Screw support section; 820. Connecting support plate; 830. Ash and slag ejection section. Detailed Implementation

[0070] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be implemented in other suitable forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0071] Example 1

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a structure for the ash chamber of a small municipal solid waste pyrolysis furnace, including a furnace body 2 and a grate 1.

[0073] The furnace body 2 is a cavity structure that includes a bottom and surrounding side walls;

[0074] The grate 1 is located inside the furnace body 2 and is installed on the side wall of the furnace body 2;

[0075] The space enclosed by the inner surface of the surrounding side walls of the furnace body 2, the top of the bottom, and the bottom of the grate is the ash chamber 3; the space above the grate 1 is the reaction chamber 12, and the ash chamber 3 and the reaction chamber 12 are connected through the gaps in the grate 1.

[0076] The ash chamber 3 is equipped with an air distribution system 4 and a ash collection pipe 8;

[0077] The structure of the air distribution system 4 is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 Based on this, see Figure 7 - Figure 10 It includes an air intake pipe 410, an external air distribution system 420, and an intermediate air distribution system 430;

[0078] The air inlet pipe 410 is connected to the outer air distribution system 420 and the intermediate air distribution system 430, and one end of the air inlet pipe 410 extends beyond the side wall of the furnace body 2.

[0079] The structure of the external air distribution system 420 includes an annular air duct 421, on which several side wall air inlets 422 leading into the ash chamber 3 are provided; the annular air duct 421 is located inside the side wall surrounding the furnace body 2; the outlet direction of the side wall air inlets 422 is such that it has the same rotation direction as the vertical centerline of the ash chamber 3, and forms a downward angle with the horizontal plane.

[0080] The intermediate air distribution system 430 has the following structure: it includes a horizontal air duct 431, one end of which is connected to the air inlet pipe 410, and the other end is connected to a vertical air duct 432; the centerline of the vertical air duct 432 coincides with the vertical centerline of the ash chamber 3, and it is provided with several intermediate air inlets 433 and downward air outlets 434 that lead into the ash chamber 3; the outlet direction of the intermediate air inlets 433 is the same as the vertical centerline of the ash chamber 3, and forms a downward angle with the horizontal plane; the outlet direction of the downward air outlets 434 is vertically downward.

[0081] After the air 5 enters the air intake pipe 410, it is divided into two paths: one path enters the ash chamber 3 through the annular air duct 421 and the side wall air outlet 422; the other path enters the ash chamber 3 through the horizontal air duct 431 and the vertical air duct 432, and simultaneously enters the ash chamber 3 through the middle air outlet 433 and the downward air spray outlet 434.

[0082] Inside the ash chamber 3, when viewed from above, the side wall air outlets 422 and the middle air outlet 433 rotate in the same direction relative to the vertical centerline of the ash chamber 3, thereby allowing the air 5 ejected from the side wall air outlets 422 and the middle air outlet 433 to form a rotating airflow 13 inside the ash chamber 3.

[0083] The structure of the slag collection pipe 8 is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 12As shown, it includes a spiral support section 810, a connecting plate 820, and an ash and slag ejection section 830;

[0084] The ash discharge section 830 and the screw support section 810 are coaxial and connected to each other in the ash chamber 3 by a connecting plate 820.

[0085] One end of the spiral support section 810 is connected to the ash chamber 3, and the other end extends to the side wall of the furnace body 2.

[0086] One end of the ash and slag ejection section 830 is connected to the ash and slag chamber 3, and the other end extends to the other side wall of the furnace body 2. The end is equipped with a slag discharge mechanism 6.

[0087] The structure of the slag discharge mechanism 6 is as follows: Figure 1 Based on this, see Figure 3 , Figure 4 ,as well as Figure 11 This includes the slag guide pipe 610 and the slag discharge section 620:

[0088] The slag guide pipe 610 is coaxial with the slag collection pipe 8, and an inspection window 611 is provided on it;

[0089] The slag discharge section 620 is located directly below and connected to the slag guide pipe 610. Its interior is equipped with a slag inlet gate 621 and a slag outlet gate 622 from top to bottom, and a transition chamber 623 is formed between the two.

[0090] The slag collection pipe 8 and the slag guide pipe 610 are equipped with the same slag discharge spiral 7.

[0091] When the pyrolysis furnace is running, after the air 5 enters the ash chamber 3, it is blown toward the surface of the ash 11 at a high speed and forms a rotating airflow 13 in the ash chamber. This provides the necessary oxygen for the unburned carbonaceous components in the ash 11 to be further combusted, accelerates the complete combustion of the ash 11, and reduces its heat loss on ignition. At the same time, convective heat transfer occurs between the air 5 and the ash 11, absorbing the heat of the ash 11 and raising its temperature.

[0092] After air 5 comes into contact with ash 11 and undergoes heat and mass transfer, it is converted into co-fired air 10. The co-fired air 10 passes upward through grate 1 and enters reaction chamber 12 to participate in the reaction of the waste bed, so that the waste is converted into ash 11 and then falls from grate 1 into ash chamber 3.

[0093] When the ash 11 in the ash chamber 3 accumulates to a certain amount, the slag discharge screw 7 starts to rotate, the slag inlet gate 621 opens, and the slag outlet gate 622 closes. Figure 3 As shown; the slag discharge screw 7 pushes the ash slag 11 out of the ash slag discharge section 830 and out of the ash slag chamber 3. The ash slag 11 then enters the slag guide pipe 610 and the transition chamber 623 of the slag discharge mechanism 6 in sequence.

[0094] When the ash 11 in the transition chamber 623 accumulates to a certain amount, the slag discharge screw 7 stops rotating, the slag inlet gate 621 closes, and the slag outlet gate 622 opens. Figure 4 As shown, ash 11 is discharged from the ash discharge gate 622;

[0095] After the ash and slag 11 in the transition chamber 623 are discharged, the slag discharge gate 622 is closed, the slag inlet gate 621 is opened, and the slag discharge screw 7 is restarted to send the ash and slag 11 to the transition chamber 623.

[0096] Following this procedure, the ash 11 that needs to be discharged from the ash chamber 3 is discharged out of the furnace in batches. At the same time, it can prevent a large amount of external air from rushing into the ash chamber 3 through the slag discharge mechanism 6, which would disturb the pyrolysis-combustion coupled reaction in the reaction chamber 12.

[0097] Example 2

[0098] like Figure 1 As shown, and in combination Figure 6 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0099] ① The ash chamber 3 is equipped with two sets of parallel ash collection pipes 8;

[0100] ② Each slag collection pipe 8 is equipped with a slag discharge mechanism 6;

[0101] ③ Each slag collection pipe 8 is equipped with a slag discharge screw 7.

[0102] This embodiment is for Figure 6 The longer ash chamber 3 has better adaptability, which can reduce the amount of ash retained in the ash chamber 3.

[0103] It should be noted that, firstly, the ash chamber of the small municipal solid waste pyrolysis furnace described in this invention is mainly used in municipal solid waste heat treatment systems, but it can also be used in other situations, including but not limited to medical waste heat treatment systems, floating waste heat treatment systems, heat treatment systems for combustible parts separated from urban renovation waste, biomass waste heat treatment systems, etc.; secondly, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, some directional terms used to clearly describe the technical features of this invention, such as "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," and "side," are all relative to the normal orientation of the small municipal solid waste pyrolysis furnace described in this invention when it is normally installed. For example, the orientation relatively far from the installation surface is "upper," the side closer to the vertical centerline of the furnace body 2 is "inner," and the direction perpendicular to up and down is "side," etc.

[0104] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. For example:

[0105] ①In Embodiment 2, it is specifically agreed that the slag discharge mechanism is located on both sides or on the same side of the furnace body 2;

[0106] ②A conveyor belt, lifting bucket, etc. are installed below the slag discharge section 620;

[0107] ③ It should be specifically pointed out that the center line of the slag discharge spiral 7 does not coincide with the center line of the slag collection pipe 8 (offset).

[0108] ④ It is specifically agreed that the slag collection pipe 8 and the slag guiding pipe 610 are square pipes, round pipes, or elliptical pipes;

[0109] ⑤ The slag discharge spiral 7 is designed as a free end at one end of the slag discharge section 620.

[0110] etc.

Claims

1. An ash chamber for a small-scale municipal solid waste pyrolysis furnace, characterized in that, It includes the furnace body (2) and the grate (1). The furnace body (2) is a cavity structure consisting of at least a bottom and surrounding side walls; The grate (1) is located inside the furnace body (2); The space below the grate (1) is the ash chamber (3); the space above the grate (1) is the reaction chamber (12), and the ash chamber (3) is connected to the reaction chamber (12); The ash chamber (3) is equipped with a ventilation system (4) and a ash collection pipe (8). The air distribution system (4) includes an air inlet pipe (410), an outer air distribution system (420), and an inner air distribution system (430). The air inlet pipe (410) is connected to the peripheral air distribution system (420) and the intermediate air distribution system (430), and one end of the air inlet pipe (410) extends beyond the side wall of the furnace body (2); The slag collection pipe (8) includes a spiral support section (810), a connecting plate (820), and an ash discharge section (830). The ash ejection section (830) is coaxial with the spiral support section (810). The ash ejection section (830) and the spiral support section (810) are connected in the ash chamber (3) by a connecting plate (820). One end of the ash ejection section (830) is connected to the ash chamber (3), and the other end extends out of the side wall of the furnace body (2). The slag collection pipe (8) is equipped with a slag discharge spiral (7); The peripheral air distribution system (420) includes an annular air duct (421), and the annular air duct (421) is provided with a side wall air outlet (422) that leads into the ash chamber (3). The outlet direction of the side wall air outlet (422) is such that it has the same rotation direction as the vertical center line of the ash chamber (3) and forms a downward angle with the horizontal plane. The intermediate air distribution system (430) includes a vertical air duct (432); the centerline of the vertical air duct (432) coincides with the centerline of the vertical direction of the ash chamber (3), and it is provided with an intermediate air outlet (433) and a downward air outlet (434) that enter the ash chamber (3). The outlet direction of the intermediate air outlet (433) is such that it has the same rotation direction as the centerline of the vertical direction of the ash chamber (3) and forms a downward angle with the horizontal plane. Inside the ash chamber (3), when viewed from above, the side wall air inlets (422) and the middle air inlets (433) have the same rotation direction relative to the vertical center line of the ash chamber (3); Furthermore, the ash discharge section (830) extending out of the side wall of the furnace body (2) is provided with a slag discharge mechanism (6); the slag discharge mechanism (6) includes a slag guide pipe (610) and a slag discharge section (620): The slag guide pipe (610) is coaxial with the slag collection pipe (8); The slag discharge section (620) is connected to the slag guide pipe (610), and its interior is provided with a slag inlet gate (621) and a slag outlet gate (622) from top to bottom, with the space between the two being a transition chamber (623).

2. The ash chamber of a small-scale municipal solid waste pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate air distribution system (430) includes a horizontal air duct (431), one end of which is connected to the air inlet pipe (410), and the other end is connected to the vertical air duct (432).

3. The ash chamber of a small-scale municipal solid waste pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The annular air duct (421) is located inside the side wall of the furnace body (2).

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