A small-scale automated lettuce defoliation and harvesting machine and its working method

Abstract

This invention discloses a small-scale automated lettuce defoliation and harvesting machine and its working method. The invention utilizes a push rod driven by the bottom of the lettuce to activate a lever and a fork, engaging a jaw clutch. This, in turn, causes a motor to drive a belt conveyor mechanism, two chain drive mechanisms, and two cutters via a coupling and the jaw clutch. The two chain drive mechanisms drive the two defoliating blades downwards, scraping off the leaves from the middle of the lettuce, thus defoliating it. The two cutters then cut the bottom of the lettuce, achieving the cutting process. The blocking action of two straightening claws driven by the two chain drive mechanisms to the middle of the lettuce, along with the pushing force exerted by the push rod driven by a return spring, causes the cut lettuce to tilt backwards onto the belt conveyor mechanism. The belt conveyor then transports the lettuce to a collection box, completing the collection process. This invention can replace manual defoliation and harvesting of lettuce.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically relating to a small automated lettuce defoliation and harvesting machine and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] my country is the world's largest producer of lettuce, but the existing lettuce harvesting equipment in the country is limited. The few suitable models are mainly large and medium-sized, only applicable to large-scale, standardized plantations. There is a lack of equipment for individual farmers or small plots in hilly and mountainous areas, meaning most farmers still harvest lettuce manually, which is labor-intensive, inefficient, and time-consuming. Therefore, there is a need to design a small-scale lettuce harvester suitable for individual farmers and small plots in hilly and mountainous areas. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and to propose a small-scale automated lettuce leaf removal and harvesting machine and its working method.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] The present invention relates to a small automated lettuce defoliation and harvesting machine, comprising a trolley, a belt conveyor mechanism, a chain drive mechanism, a straightening claw, a cutter, a defoliation blade, a shift fork, a jaw clutch, a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a push rod, and a shift rod.

[0006] A horizontally positioned support plate is fixed to the frame of the trolley; the input end of the belt conveyor is located in front of the output end, and the central axes of the driven pulley at the output end and the driving pulley at the input end of the belt conveyor are both horizontal and perpendicular to the forward direction of the trolley. The driven pulley and the driving pulley form a rotating pair with the frame and the support plate, respectively; two symmetrical and outwardly inclined baffles are provided on both sides of the conveyor belt of the belt conveyor, and the two ends of the baffles are fixed to the frame and the support plate; the collection box is placed on the frame and located at the output end of the belt conveyor.

[0007] The push rod is located between the support plate and the drive pulley, forming a sliding pair parallel to the forward direction of the trolley with the support plate. The drive shaft and driven shaft, which are parallel to the push rod and symmetrically arranged about the push rod, both form a rotating pair with the support plate. The two ends of the drive pulley are connected to the middle of the drive shaft and driven shaft respectively through two bevel gear pairs. The driven half-clutch of the jaw clutch is coaxially fixed to the end of the drive shaft near the driven pulley. The drive half-clutch and one end of the coupling form a sliding pair through a key. The other end of the coupling is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the motor fixed on the frame. The horizontally arranged lever is located behind the push rod, and the middle of the lever is hinged to the support plate. One end contacts the end of the push rod near the driven pulley and is connected to the support plate through a return spring. The other end has a groove along the length of the lever. The lower end of the shift fork has an integrally formed round rod embedded in the groove, forming a slotted pin pair with the groove. The upper end has two integrally formed shift fork arms embedded in the annular groove on the drive half-clutch, forming a rotating pair with the annular groove.

[0008] Two driven sprocket shafts, parallel to the push rod, are respectively located directly above the drive shaft and driven shaft. They form revolute pairs with two vertically fixed support columns on the support plate and are connected to the ends of the drive shaft and driven shaft away from the jaw clutch via two chain drive mechanisms. Each chain drive mechanism has a chain with spaced-apart straightening claws and de-blades. When the two straightening claws are inside the two chain drive mechanisms, they form a semi-circular ring with the opening facing backward. When the two de-blades are inside the two chain drive mechanisms, they form a circular ring, and there is a gap between the two de-blades, the width of which is greater than the width of the push rod. Two vertically arranged and symmetrically positioned cutter shafts form revolute pairs with the support plate and are connected to the middle of the drive shaft and driven shaft via two bevel gear pairs. Two horizontally arranged and tangentially positioned cutters are located below the support plate and fixed to the two cutter shafts. The front ends of the two cutters do not extend beyond the two chain drive mechanisms. A slot is provided at the front end of the support plate directly above the tangential position of the two cutters.

[0009] Preferably, the trolley includes a handle and a frame, the handle is fixed to the frame, and wheels are hinged to the four corners of the frame.

[0010] Preferably, both ends of the drive pulley are provided with an integrally formed intermediate drive shaft, and the two intermediate drive shafts are supported on the support plate by two bearing seats; the two intermediate drive shafts are respectively connected to the drive shaft and the driven shaft by two bevel gear pairs.

[0011] Preferably, the chain drive mechanism includes a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket, and a chain. The driving sprocket is fixed to a drive shaft or a driven shaft, the driven sprocket is fixed to a corresponding driven sprocket shaft, and is connected to the driving sprocket via the chain.

[0012] The present invention discloses a working method for a small-scale automated lettuce defoliation and harvesting machine, as detailed below:

[0013] Step 1: The motor drives the active half-clutch to rotate between the two fork arms of the shift fork via a coupling. Initially, the return spring is in a free state, the driven half-clutch and the active half-clutch of the jaw clutch are separated, the two leaf cutters are located inside the two chain drive mechanisms and at their upper ends, the two straightening claws are located outside the two chain drive mechanisms and at their lower ends, and the end of the push rod away from the jaw clutch extends beyond the front end of the two cutters and is located directly below the gap between the two leaf cutters.

[0014] Step 2: Manually push the cart forward, causing it to move the two chain drive mechanisms to both sides of the lettuce to be harvested. Simultaneously, the bottom of the lettuce contacts the push rod, pushing it to move a short distance closer to the collection box. As the push rod moves, it deforms the return spring, causing the lever to rotate and move the fork away from the collection box. The two fork arms push the active half-clutch towards the driven half-clutch, engaging the active and driven half-clutches. When the lever moves the fork, the fork's round rod slides along the groove. When the active and driven half-clutches are engaged, the active half-clutch drives the drive shaft through the driven half-clutch. The drive shaft rotates, driving the drive pulley to rotate via a corresponding bevel gear pair, which in turn drives the belt conveyor mechanism to start working. The drive pulley drives the driven shaft to rotate via another bevel gear pair, thus making the drive shaft and driven shaft rotate synchronously and in opposite directions. The rotating drive shaft and driven shaft drive two chain drive mechanisms to work, and drive two cutter shafts to rotate via two bevel gear pairs, thereby driving two cutters to rotate. When the cart stops moving forward, the two chain drive mechanisms drive two leaf-removing blades to move downward from the inside, and drive two straightening claws to move upward from the outside. The two leaf-removing blades moving downward are placed around the lettuce and scrape off the leaves in the middle of the lettuce.

[0015] Step 3: When the two leaf-removing blades move to the outside of the two chain drive mechanisms and the two straightening claws move to the inside of the two chain drive mechanisms, manually push the cart forward. The two chain drive mechanisms drive the two leaf-removing blades to move upward from the outside and drive the two straightening claws to move downward from the inside. At the same time, the bottom of the lettuce continues to push the push rod. As the cart continues to move forward, the two rotating cutters contact the bottom of the lettuce and begin to cut the bottom of the lettuce. During the cutting process, the two straightening claws are located inside the two chain drive mechanisms and are higher than the push rod. The bottom of the lettuce is subjected to the force of the push rod and the cutter in the forward direction, while the middle of the lettuce is subjected to the force of the straightening claws. The force is directed backward, causing the lettuce to tend to tilt backward. When the bottom of the lettuce is completely cut off, it falls backward onto the conveyor belt. At the same time, the bottom of the lettuce disengages from the push rod. Under the restoring force of the return spring, the push rod moves away from the collection box until it returns to its initial position. At this point, the active half-clutch and the driven half-clutch disengage, and the conveyor belt, the two cutters, and the two chain drive mechanisms all stop working. At this time, the two straightening claws move to the lower end of the two chain drive mechanisms and are located on the outside of the two chain drive mechanisms, while the two leaf cutters move to the upper end of the two chain drive mechanisms and are located on the inside of the two chain drive mechanisms.

[0016] Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3 to continuously cut the lettuce to be harvested. When the next lettuce to be harvested is being defoliated and cut, the conveyor belt transports the previous lettuce that has been defoliated and cut to the collection box. After the last lettuce is cut, the last lettuce that has fallen onto the conveyor belt is placed into the collection box by hand, thus completing the defoliation and harvesting of all the lettuce to be harvested.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. This invention can replace manual labor in the defoliation and harvesting of lettuce, reducing labor costs and improving efficiency. Specifically, this invention uses two chain drive mechanisms to move two defoliating blades downwards from the inside, scraping off the leaves in the middle of the lettuce, thus defoliating it. Two rotating cutters cut the bottom of the lettuce, thus cutting it. The blocking action of two straightening claws driven to the inside by the two chain drive mechanisms, and the pushing force of a push rod driven by a return spring on the bottom of the lettuce, causes the cut lettuce to tilt backwards onto a conveyor belt. The conveyor belt transports the cut lettuce to a collection box, thus collecting it. Furthermore, this invention... The engagement and disengagement of the jaw clutch are controlled by the contact and separation between the bottom and the push rod. This ensures that the jaw clutch is engaged during leaf removal and harvesting, allowing a single motor to simultaneously drive the belt conveyor, two chain drives, and two cutters. This reduces energy consumption while achieving leaf removal and harvesting of lettuce. When leaf removal and harvesting are not being performed, the jaw clutch is disengaged, stopping the belt conveyor, two chain drives, and two cutters from idling and further reducing energy consumption.

[0019] 2. This invention is mainly based on mechanical structure, which is simple and reliable, has low manufacturing cost, and is easy to maintain and repair, making it suitable for individual farmers. Furthermore, this invention has a compact structure and small size, making it highly applicable to field terrains with limited operating space, such as hilly areas or greenhouses. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Partial top view;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shift fork, shift lever, return spring, and part of the push rod in this invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fork structure in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the present invention discloses a small automated lettuce defoliation and harvesting machine, comprising a trolley, a support plate 4, a conveyor mechanism, a baffle 5, a collection box 8, a coupling 9, a shift fork 10, a jaw clutch 11, a drive shaft 12, a chain drive mechanism, a cutter shaft 14, a straightening claw 16, a driven sprocket shaft 18, a cutter 19, a defoliation blade 20, a driven shaft 22, a push rod 24, and a shift rod 25.

[0026] A horizontally positioned support plate 4 is fixed to the frame 2 of the trolley; the input end of the conveyor mechanism is located in front of the output end, and the central axes of the driven pulley 7 at the output end and the driving pulley 23 at the input end of the conveyor mechanism are both horizontal and perpendicular to the forward direction of the trolley. The driven pulley 7 and the driving pulley 23 form a rotating pair with the frame 2 and the support plate 4, respectively; two baffles 5 are symmetrically arranged and inclined outward on both sides of the conveyor belt 6 of the conveyor mechanism. The two ends of the baffles 5 are fixed to the frame 2 and the support plate 4. The two baffles 5 are used to prevent lettuce from rolling off the sides of the conveyor belt 6; the collection box 8 is placed on the frame 2 and located at the output end of the conveyor mechanism.

[0027] Push rod 24 is positioned between support plate 4 and drive pulley 23, forming a sliding pair parallel to the trolley's forward direction with support plate 4. Drive shaft 12 and driven shaft 22, parallel to push rod 24 and symmetrically arranged about push rod 24, both form a rotating pair with support plate 4. The two ends of drive pulley 23 are connected to the middle of drive shaft 12 and driven shaft 22 respectively via two bevel gear pairs. The driven half-clutch of jaw clutch 11 is coaxially fixed to the end of drive shaft 12 near driven pulley 7, and the driving half-clutch forms a sliding pair with one end of coupling 9 via a key. The other end of the coupling 9 is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the motor 3 fixed on the frame 2; the horizontally arranged lever 25 is located behind the push rod 24, and the middle part of the lever 25 is hinged to the support plate 4. One end is in contact with the end of the push rod 24 near the driven pulley 7 and is connected to the support plate 4 through the return spring 26. The other end is provided with a sliding groove along the length of the rod; the lower end of the shift fork 10 is integrally formed with a round rod that is embedded in the sliding groove, forming a pin-groove pair with the sliding groove. The upper end of the two integrally formed shift fork arms is embedded in the annular groove opened on the active half clutch, forming a rotating pair with the annular groove.

[0028] Two driven sprocket shafts 18, parallel to the push rod 24, are respectively located directly above the drive shaft 12 and the driven shaft 22. They form a rotating pair with the two vertically fixed support columns on the support plate 4, and are connected to the ends of the drive shaft 12 and the driven shaft 22 away from the jaw clutch 11 via two chain drive mechanisms. Each chain drive mechanism has a chain 21 with spaced-apart straightening claws 16 and de-blade 20. When the two straightening claws 16 are located inside the two chain drive mechanisms, they form a semi-circular ring with the opening facing backward. When the two de-blade 20 are located inside the two chain drive mechanisms, they form a circular ring. There is a gap between them, and the width of the gap is greater than the width of the push rod 24; the two vertically arranged and symmetrically arranged cutter shafts 14 form a rotating pair with the support plate 4, and are respectively connected to the middle of the drive shaft 12 and the driven shaft 22 through two bevel gear pairs; the two horizontally arranged and tangentially set cutters 19 are located below the support plate 4 and fixed to the two cutter shafts 14, and the front ends of the two cutters 19 do not extend beyond the two chain drive mechanisms; the front end of the support plate 4 is provided with a slot at the position directly above the tangential position of the two cutters 19, and the slot is used for the lettuce to pass through, so that the two cutters 19 can completely cut the lettuce.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the trolley includes a handle 1 and a frame 2. The handle 1 is fixed to the frame 2, and wheels are hinged to the four corners of the frame 2.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, both ends of the drive pulley 23 are provided with an integrally formed intermediate drive shaft 13, and the two intermediate drive shafts 13 are supported on the support plate 4 by two bearing seats; the two intermediate drive shafts 13 are respectively connected to the drive shaft 12 and the driven shaft 22 by two bevel gear pairs.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the chain drive mechanism includes a driving sprocket 15, a driven sprocket 17, and a chain 21. The driving sprocket 15 is fixed to the drive shaft 12 or the driven shaft 22, and the driven sprocket 17 is fixed to the corresponding driven sprocket shaft 18 and connected to the driving sprocket 15 via the chain 21.

[0032] The present invention discloses a working method for a small-scale automated lettuce defoliation and harvesting machine, as detailed below:

[0033] Step 1: Motor 3 drives the active half-clutch to rotate between the two fork arms of shift fork 10 via coupling 9. Initially, the return spring 26 is in a free state, the driven half-clutch and active half-clutch of the jaw clutch 11 are separated, the two leaf cutters 20 are located inside the two chain drive mechanisms and at their upper ends, the two straightening claws 16 are located outside the two chain drive mechanisms and at their lower ends, and the end of the push rod 24 away from the jaw clutch 11 extends beyond the front end of the two cutters 19 and is located directly below the two leaf cutters 20.

[0034] Step 2: Manually push the cart forward, causing it to move the two chain drive mechanisms to both sides of the lettuce to be harvested. Simultaneously, the bottom of the lettuce contacts the push rod 24, pushing it to move a short distance closer to the collection box 8. As the push rod 24 moves, it deforms the return spring 26, causing the lever 25 to rotate. This rotates the lever fork 10 away from the collection box 8. The two fork arms of the lever fork 10 push the active half-clutch towards the driven half-clutch, engaging the active and driven half-clutches. When the lever 25 moves the lever fork 10, the round rod of the lever fork 10 slides along the groove. When the active and driven half-clutches are engaged, the active half-clutch drives the drive shaft 12 to rotate via the driven half-clutch. The drive shaft 12, through a corresponding bevel gear pair, drives the drive pulley 23 to rotate, thus starting the belt conveyor mechanism. The drive pulley 23, through another bevel gear pair, drives the driven shaft 22 to rotate, thus causing the drive shaft 12 and... The driven shaft 22 rotates synchronously in opposite directions. The rotating drive shaft 12 and driven shaft 22 drive two chain drive mechanisms to work, and through two bevel gear pairs, drive two cutter shafts 14 to rotate, thereby driving two cutter blades 19 to rotate. When the cart stops moving forward, the two chain drive mechanisms drive two leaf-removing blades 20 to move downward from the inside, and drive two straightening claws 16 to move upward from the outside. The two leaf-removing blades 20 moving downward are placed around the lettuce and scrape off the leaves in the middle of the lettuce (because the connection between the leaves at the top of the lettuce and the stem is relatively close to the center of the two leaf-removing blades 20, and the leaves in the middle of the lettuce are relatively close to the blades of the two leaf-removing blades 20, when the two leaf-removing blades 20 pass the top of the lettuce, the leaves at the top of the lettuce will pass between the two leaf-removing blades 20, and when the two leaf-removing blades 20 pass the middle of the lettuce, the leaves in the middle of the lettuce cannot pass between the two leaf-removing blades 20 and are scraped off by the two leaf-removing blades 20), thus realizing the leaf removal work of the lettuce.

[0035] Step 3: When the two leaf-removing blades 20 move to the outside of the two chain drive mechanisms and the two straightening claws 16 move to the inside of the two chain drive mechanisms, the trolley is manually pushed forward. The two chain drive mechanisms drive the two leaf-removing blades 20 to move upward from the outside and drive the two straightening claws 16 to move downward from the inside. At the same time, the bottom of the lettuce continues to push the push rod 24. As the trolley continues to move forward, the two rotating cutting blades 19 contact the bottom of the lettuce and begin to cut the bottom of the lettuce. During the cutting process, the two straightening claws 16 are located inside the two chain drive mechanisms and are higher than the push rod 24. The bottom of the lettuce is subjected to the force of the push rod 24 and the cutting blades 19 in the forward direction, while the middle of the lettuce is subjected to the force of the straightening claws 16 in the direction of the force. The lettuce tends to tilt backward. When the bottom of the lettuce is completely cut off, it falls backward onto the conveyor belt. At the same time, the bottom of the lettuce disengages from the push rod 24. Under the restoring force of the return spring 26, the push rod 24 moves away from the collection box 8 until it returns to its initial position. At this time, the active half-clutch and the driven half-clutch disengage, and the conveyor belt, the two cutters 19 and the two chain drive mechanisms all stop working. However, at this time, the two straightening claws 16 have moved to the lower end of the two chain drive mechanisms and are located on the outside of the two chain drive mechanisms. The two leaf-removing blades 20 move to the upper end of the two chain drive mechanisms and are located on the inside of the two chain drive mechanisms, thereby realizing the cutting of the lettuce.

[0036] Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3 to continuously cut the lettuce stalks to be harvested. When the next lettuce stalk to be harvested is being defoliated and cut, the conveyor belt transports the previous lettuce stalk that has been defoliated and cut to the collection box 8, thus collecting the previous lettuce stalk that has been defoliated and cut. After the last lettuce stalk is cut, the last lettuce stalk that has fallen onto the conveyor belt is manually placed into the collection box 8, thus collecting all the lettuce stalks to be harvested, thereby completing the defoliation and harvesting of all the lettuce stalks to be harvested.

Claims

1. A small-sized automated lettuce de-leaf harvesting machine comprising a cart, a belt conveyor, a chain drive, a righting claw, a cutting knife and a de-leafing knife, characterized in that: The fork, the dog clutch, the driving shaft, the driven shaft, the push rod and the push lever are horizontally arranged; the support plate is fixed on the frame of the trolley; the input end of the belt transmission mechanism is located in front of the output end; the central axes of the driven pulley at the output end and the driving pulley at the input end are horizontal and perpendicular to the advancing direction of the trolley; the driven pulley and the driving pulley form rotary pairs with the frame and the support plate respectively; two symmetrical and outwardly inclined baffles are arranged on both sides of the transmission belt of the belt transmission mechanism; the two ends of the baffles are fixed on the frame and the support plate; the collecting box is arranged on the frame and located at the output end of the belt transmission mechanism. The push rod is arranged between the support plate and the driving pulley and forms a sliding pair with the support plate parallel to the advancing direction of the trolley; the driving shaft and the driven shaft parallel to the push rod and arranged symmetrically about the push rod form rotary pairs with the support plate; the two ends of the driving pulley are connected to the middle part of the driving shaft and the driven shaft through two bevel gear pairs; the driven half clutch of the dog clutch is coaxially fixed to the end of the driving shaft close to the driven pulley; the driving half clutch is connected to one end of the shaft coupling through a key to form a sliding pair; the other end of the shaft coupling is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the motor fixed on the frame; the horizontally arranged push lever is arranged behind the push rod; the middle part of the push lever is hinged to the support plate; one end of the push lever is in contact with the end of the push rod close to the driven pulley and is connected to the support plate through a return spring; the other end of the push lever is provided with a sliding groove along the length direction of the push lever; the lower end of the fork is integrally formed with a round rod embedded in the sliding groove to form a slot-pin pair with the sliding groove; the upper end of the fork is integrally formed with two fork arms embedded in the annular groove of the driving half clutch to form a rotary pair with the annular groove. The two driven sprockets parallel to the push rod are arranged vertically above the driving shaft and the driven shaft respectively; the two driven sprockets form rotary pairs with the two support columns fixed vertically on the support plate; the two driven sprockets are connected to the ends of the driving shaft and the driven shaft away from the dog clutch through two chain transmission mechanisms respectively; the chain of each chain transmission mechanism is fixed with a spacer and a leaf removing knife arranged at intervals; when the two spacers are located inside the two chain transmission mechanisms, a semicircular ring with a rear opening is formed; when the two leaf removing knives are located inside the two chain transmission mechanisms, a circular ring is formed; the two leaf removing knives have a gap therebetween, and the width of the gap is greater than the width of the push rod; the two knife shafts arranged vertically and symmetrically about the push rod form rotary pairs with the support plate; the two knife shafts are connected to the middle part of the driving shaft and the driven shaft through two bevel gear pairs; the two cutting knives arranged horizontally and tangentially are arranged below the support plate and fixed to the two knife shafts; the front ends of the two cutting knives do not exceed the two chain transmission mechanisms; the front end of the support plate is provided with a notch above the tangential position of the two cutting knives.

2. A small-sized automated lettuce deleafing harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trolley comprises a handrail and a frame; the handrail is fixed on the frame; and wheels are hinged to the four corners of the frame.

3. A small-sized automated lettuce deleafing harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving pulley is provided with an integrally formed intermediate transmission shaft at each end; the two intermediate transmission shafts are supported on the support plate through two bearing seats; the two intermediate transmission shafts are connected to the driving shaft and the driven shaft through two bevel gear pairs.

4. A small-sized automated lettuce deleafing harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chain transmission mechanism comprises a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a chain, the driving sprocket is fixed on the driving shaft or the driven shaft, the driven sprocket is fixed on the corresponding driven sprocket shaft, and the driving sprocket is connected with the driven sprocket through the chain.

5. A method of working a small automated lettuce deleafing harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that: Specifically as follows: Step one, the motor drives the driving half clutch to rotate between the two fork arms of the fork through the shaft coupling; wherein, in the initial state, the reset spring is in a free state, the driven half clutch and the driving half clutch of the jaw clutch are separated, the two leaf knives are located on the inner side of the two chain transmission mechanisms and on the upper end of the two chain transmission mechanisms, the two righting claws are located on the outer side of the two chain transmission mechanisms and on the lower end of the two chain transmission mechanisms, and the end of the push rod away from the jaw clutch exceeds the front end of the two cutters and is located directly below the two leaf knives; Step two, manually push the cart forward to make the cart drive the two chain transmission mechanisms to move to the sides of the asparagus beet to be harvested, and the bottom of the asparagus beet contacts the push rod and pushes the push rod to translate a distance towards the collecting box; the push rod pushes the reset spring to deform when the push rod translates, and the push rod drives the fork to move away from the collecting box, the two fork arms of the fork push the driving half clutch to move towards the driven half clutch, so that the driving half clutch engages with the driven half clutch, and when the fork is driven by the push rod, the round rod of the fork slides along the sliding groove; when the driving half clutch engages with the driven half clutch, the driving half clutch drives the driving shaft to rotate through the driven half clutch, the driving shaft drives the driving pulley to rotate through the corresponding bevel gear pair one, and then drives the belt transmission mechanism to start working, the driving pulley drives the driven shaft to rotate through another bevel gear pair one, and then drives the driving shaft and the driven shaft to rotate synchronously and in opposite directions, the rotating driving shaft and the driven shaft drive the two chain transmission mechanisms to work, and drive the two cutter shafts to rotate through the two bevel gear pairs two, thereby driving the two cutters to rotate; when the cart stops advancing, the two chain transmission mechanisms drive the two leaf knives to move downward from the inner side, and drive the two righting claws to move upward from the outer side, and the two leaf knives moving downward are sleeved on the periphery of the asparagus beet and scrape the leaves in the middle of the asparagus beet; Step three, when the two leaf removers move to the outside of the two chain transmission mechanisms and the two righting claws move to the inside of the two chain transmission mechanisms, the trolley is manually pushed to continue moving forward, the two chain transmission mechanisms drive the two leaf removers to move upward from the outside and drive the two righting claws to move downward from the inside, and the bottom of the asparagus lettuce continues to push the push rod. With the continuous forward movement of the trolley, the two rotating cutters come into contact with the bottom of the asparagus lettuce and begin to cut the bottom of the asparagus lettuce; during the cutting process, the two righting claws are located on the inside of the two chain transmission mechanisms and are higher than the push rod, the direction of the force acting on the bottom of the asparagus lettuce by the push rod and the cutter is forward, the direction of the force acting on the middle of the asparagus lettuce by the righting claw is backward, and the asparagus lettuce has a tendency to fall backward. When the bottom of the asparagus lettuce is completely cut off, the asparagus lettuce falls backward onto the belt conveying mechanism, and the bottom of the asparagus lettuce is separated from the push rod. The push rod translates away from the collection box under the restoring force of the return spring until it returns to the initial position. At this time, the driving half-clutch and the driven half-clutch are disconnected, the belt conveying mechanism, the two cutters and the two chain transmission mechanisms stop working, and at this time the two righting claws move to the lower end of the two chain transmission mechanisms and are located on the outside of the two chain transmission mechanisms, and the two leaf removers move to the upper end of the two chain transmission mechanisms and are located on the inside of the two chain transmission mechanisms; Step four, repeat steps two and three to continuously cut the asparagus lettuce to be harvested; wherein, when the next asparagus lettuce to be harvested is deleafed and cut, the belt conveying mechanism transports the previous asparagus lettuce that has been deleafed and cut on it into the collection box, and when the cutting of the last asparagus lettuce is completed, the last asparagus lettuce that falls onto the belt conveying mechanism is placed in the collection box by manual operation, thereby completing the deleafing and harvesting of all the asparagus lettuces to be harvested.

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