A kind of slow-release fulvic acid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste and its preparation method

Abstract

The invention provides a kitchen waste source slow-release fulvic acid organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of agricultural environmental technology. The method comprises the steps of preparing modified ferroferric oxide / biochar, preparing nano manganese dioxide, preparing modified diatomaceous earth, mixing kitchen waste with modified ferroferric oxide / biochar and nano manganese dioxide to obtain fulvic acid organic fertilizer, adding modified diatomaceous earth and xanthan gum to the fulvic acid organic fertilizer, mixing and granulating to obtain a slow-release fulvic acid organic fertilizer with a diameter of 2-3 mm, and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a kitchen waste source slow-release fulvic acid type organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of agricultural environment. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of solid waste, food waste is rich in organic matter (about 50% on a dry basis) and nutrients (nitrogen, sulfur, calcium, iron, etc.), making it suitable for fertilizer production in agricultural production. However, traditional biocomposting takes a long time (1-2 months) and has a low conversion rate (fulvic acid content is less than 1%), so there is an urgent need for a quick and easy way to turn food waste into fertilizer. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of long composting time and low conversion rate in the process of kitchen waste treatment in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the purpose of solving the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a kitchen waste source slow-release fulvic acid type organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a slow-release fulvic acid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, mixing ferroferric oxide and biochar uniformly and irradiating with a high-energy electron beam to obtain modified ferroferric oxide / biochar;

[0007] Step 2, irradiating the potassium permanganate solution with a high-energy electron beam, centrifuging, drying, and grinding to obtain nano manganese dioxide;

[0008] Step 3, irradiating diatomaceous earth with a high-energy electron beam to obtain modified diatomaceous earth;

[0009] Step 4, using a blender to grind the kitchen waste into a paste, and adding the modified ferroferric oxide / biochar obtained in step 1 and the nano manganese dioxide obtained in step 2, stirring to make the materials evenly mixed and fully react, and making the materials spontaneously heat up to 60-90 degrees Celsius to obtain fulvic acid type organic fertilizer;

[0010] Step 5: Add the modified diatomaceous earth and xanthan gum obtained in step 3 to the fulvic acid organic fertilizer obtained in step 4, mix and granulate to obtain a kitchen waste source slow-release fulvic acid organic fertilizer with a diameter of 2-3 mm.

[0011] Preferably, in step 1, the amount of ferrosoferric oxide is 10-20 g, the amount of biochar is 2-4 g, and the high-energy electron beam is 10-20 MeV, 10-40 kGy.

[0012] Preferably, in step 2, the amount of potassium permanganate solution is 50-100 mL; the high energy electron beam is 5-10 MeV, 5-20 kGy; the centrifugation is 10000-15000 rpm, 5-10 minutes, the drying temperature is 80-100 degrees Celsius; and the drying time is 10-20 hours.

[0013] Preferably, in step 3, the amount of diatomaceous earth used is 20-25 g, and the high energy electron beam is 5-10 MeV, 5-20 kGy.

[0014] Preferably, in step 4, the amount of kitchen waste is 200-250 g, the amount of modified ferroferric oxide / biochar is 10-20 g, the amount of nano manganese dioxide is 5-10 g, the stirring speed is 150-200 rpm, and the time is 60-120 minutes.

[0015] Preferably, in step 5, the amount of modified diatomaceous earth is 20-40 g; the amount of xanthan gum is 0.1-0.3 g.

[0016] The second aspect of the present invention provides a kitchen waste source slow-release fulvic acid type organic fertilizer prepared by the above method.

[0017] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The processing speed is faster, which is more than 360 times faster than the existing biological composting technology (30 days); 2. The fulvic acid content of this product is as high as 11-15%, which is much higher than the existing technology. 3. It generates heat by itself, without external heating, and effectively kills harmful bacteria. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a picture of the state of kitchen waste after treatment and the preparation of compound fertilizer products;

[0019] Figure 2 This is an infrared comparison diagram of the fulvic acid organic fertilizer prepared in Example 2 and the standard fulvic acid;

[0020] Figure 3 A three-dimensional fluorescence image comparing the fulvic acid organic fertilizer obtained in Example 1-3 with the original liquid of kitchen waste before treatment;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of potted plant growth of the slow-release fulvic acid organic fertilizer (this product) prepared in Example 2, the traditional organic fertilizer (granules), and the blank group;

[0022] Figure 5 Comparison of yield, plant height, root length, and chlorophyll content of the slow-release fulvic acid organic fertilizer (this product) prepared in Example 2, the traditional organic fertilizer (granules), and the blank group DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the present invention more clearly understood, a preferred embodiment is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows:

[0024] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides a kitchen waste source slow-release fulvic acid type organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] (1) After ferroferric oxide (10 g) and biochar (2 g) were mixed evenly, the mixture was irradiated with a high-energy electron beam (10 MeV, 10 kGy) to obtain modified ferroferric oxide / biochar.

[0027] (2) 50 mL of potassium permanganate solution was irradiated with a high-energy electron beam (5 MeV, 5 kGy), centrifuged (10000 rpm, 10 minutes), dried (80 degrees Celsius, 20 hours), and ground into 200 mesh to obtain nano manganese dioxide.

[0028] (3) Diatomaceous earth (20 g) was irradiated with a high-energy electron beam (5 MeV, 5 kGy) to obtain modified diatomaceous earth.

[0029] (4) 200 g of kitchen waste was crushed into a paste using a blender, and 10 g of the modified ferroferric oxide / biochar obtained in (1) and 5 g of the nano manganese dioxide obtained in (2) were added, and stirred (150 rpm) for 60 minutes to allow the materials to be evenly mixed and fully reacted, and the materials were allowed to spontaneously heat up to a maximum of 60 degrees Celsius to obtain a humic acid-type organic fertilizer;

[0030] (5) adding 20 g of the modified diatomaceous earth obtained in (3) and 0.1 g of xanthan gum to the humic acid type organic fertilizer obtained in (4), mixing and granulating to obtain a slow-release humic acid type organic fertilizer with a diameter of 2 mm;

[0031] The slow-release humic acid organic fertilizer prepared in (5) was evenly spread on the soil surface at a dosage of 50 kg / mu, and then tilled and planted with Chinese cabbage. Compared with the same amount of traditional organic fertilizer, the yield of Chinese cabbage was increased by 33.46%, the plant height was increased by 15.72%, and the effective potassium and organic matter in the soil were increased by 22.53% and 9.86%, respectively.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] (1) After ferrosoferric oxide (15 g) and biochar (3 g) were mixed evenly, the mixture was irradiated with a high-energy electron beam (15 MeV, 20 kGy) to obtain modified ferrosoferric oxide / biochar.

[0034] (2) 100 mL of potassium permanganate solution was irradiated with a high-energy electron beam (10 MeV, 15 kGy), centrifuged (15000 rpm, 5 minutes), dried (100 degrees Celsius, 10 hours), and ground into 500 mesh to obtain nano manganese dioxide.

[0035] (3) Diatomaceous earth (22 g) was irradiated with a high-energy electron beam (7 MeV, 10 kGy) to obtain modified diatomaceous earth.

[0036] (4) 225 g of food waste was crushed into a paste using a blender, and 15 g of the modified ferroferric oxide / biochar obtained in (1) and 7 g of the nano manganese dioxide obtained in (2) were added, and stirred (175 rpm) for 90 minutes to allow the materials to be evenly mixed and fully reacted, and the materials were allowed to spontaneously heat up to a maximum of 75 degrees Celsius to obtain a humic acid-type organic fertilizer;

[0037] (5) adding 30 g of the modified diatomaceous earth obtained in (3) and 0.2 g of xanthan gum to the humic acid type organic fertilizer obtained in (4), mixing and granulating to obtain a slow-release humic acid type organic fertilizer with a diameter of 2.5 mm;

[0038] (6) The slow-release humic acid organic fertilizer prepared in (5) was evenly spread on the soil surface at a dosage of 75 kg / mu, and then tilled and planted with Chinese cabbage. Compared with the same amount of traditional organic fertilizer, the yield of Chinese cabbage was increased by 40.12%, the plant height was increased by 19.63%, and the effective potassium and organic matter in the soil were increased by 30.30% and 14.23%, respectively.

[0039] The comparison of soil indicators after application of the slow-release fulvic acid organic fertilizer prepared in Example 2 with blank and traditional organic fertilizers is shown in the following table:

[0040]

[0041] Embodiment 3:

[0042] (1) After ferrosoferric oxide (20 g) and biochar (4 g) were mixed evenly, the mixture was irradiated with a high-energy electron beam (20 MeV, 40 kGy) to obtain modified ferrosoferric oxide / biochar.

[0043] (2) 100 mL of potassium permanganate solution was irradiated with a high-energy electron beam (10 MeV, 20 kGy), centrifuged (12000 rpm, 7 minutes), dried (100 degrees Celsius, 10 hours), and ground into 400 meshes to obtain nano manganese dioxide.

[0044] (3) Diatomaceous earth (25 g) was irradiated with a high-energy electron beam (10 MeV, 20 kGy) to obtain modified diatomaceous earth.

[0045] (4) 250 g of kitchen waste was crushed into a paste using a blender, and 20 g of the modified ferroferric oxide / biochar obtained in (1) and 10 g of the nano manganese dioxide obtained in (2) were added, and stirred (200 rpm) for 120 minutes to allow the materials to be evenly mixed and fully reacted, and the materials were allowed to spontaneously heat up to a maximum of 90 degrees Celsius to obtain a humic acid-type organic fertilizer;

[0046] (5) adding 40 g of the modified diatomaceous earth obtained in (3) and 0.3 g of xanthan gum to the humic acid type organic fertilizer obtained in (4), mixing and granulating to obtain a slow-release humic acid type organic fertilizer with a diameter of 3 mm;

[0047] The slow-release humic acid organic fertilizer prepared in (5) was evenly spread on the soil surface at a dosage of 100 kg / mu, and then the soil was tilled and the chicken greens were planted. Compared with the same amount of traditional organic fertilizer, the chicken greens yield was increased by 37.44%, the plant height was increased by 18.21%, and the effective potassium and organic matter in the soil were increased by 26.74% and 13.86%, respectively.

[0048] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not any formal or substantial limitation of the present invention. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements and supplements without departing from the present invention, and these improvements and supplements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. Any technician familiar with this profession, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make some changes, modifications and equivalent changes made by using the technical content disclosed above, which are equivalent embodiments of the present invention; at the same time, any changes, modifications and evolutions of any equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a slow-release fulvic acid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, mixing ferroferric oxide and biochar uniformly and irradiating with a high-energy electron beam to obtain modified ferroferric oxide / biochar; Step 2, irradiating the potassium permanganate solution with a high-energy electron beam, centrifuging, drying, and grinding to obtain nano manganese dioxide; Step 3, irradiating diatomaceous earth with a high-energy electron beam to obtain modified diatomaceous earth; Step 4, using a blender to grind the kitchen waste into a paste, and adding the modified ferroferric oxide / biochar obtained in step 1 and the nano manganese dioxide obtained in step 2, stirring to make the materials evenly mixed and fully react, and making the materials spontaneously heat up to 60-90 degrees Celsius to obtain fulvic acid type organic fertilizer; Step 5: Add the modified diatomaceous earth and xanthan gum obtained in step 3 to the fulvic acid organic fertilizer obtained in step 4, mix and granulate to obtain a kitchen waste source slow-release fulvic acid organic fertilizer with a diameter of 2-3 mm.

2. The method for preparing the kitchen waste source slow-release fulvic acid type organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the amount of ferrosoferric oxide is 10-20 g, the amount of biochar is 2-4 g, and the high-energy electron beam is 10-20 MeV, 10-40 kGy.

3. The method for preparing the kitchen waste source slow-release fulvic acid type organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, the amount of potassium permanganate solution is 50-100 mL; the high energy electron beam is 5-10 MeV, 5-20 kGy; the centrifugation is 10000-15000 rpm, 5-10 minutes, the drying temperature is 80-100 degrees Celsius; and the drying time is 10-20 hours.

4. The method for preparing the kitchen waste source slow-release fulvic acid type organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 3, the amount of diatomaceous earth used is 20-25 g, and the high energy electron beam is 5-10 MeV, 5-20 kGy.

5. The method for preparing the slow-release fulvic acid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 4, the amount of kitchen waste is 200-250 g, the amount of modified ferroferric oxide / biochar is 10-20 g, the amount of nano manganese dioxide is 5-10 g, the stirring speed is 150-200 rpm, and the time is 60-120 minutes.

6. The method for preparing the slow-release fulvic acid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 5, the amount of modified diatomaceous earth is 20-40 g; the amount of xanthan gum is 0.1-0.3 g.

7. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 for obtaining a slow-release fulvic acid organic fertilizer derived from kitchen waste.

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