Hydraulic breaking hammer and working machine

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of engineering machinery technology and discloses a hydraulic breaker and its operating mechanism. The hydraulic breaker includes: a piston; a cylinder having a working chamber and an energy storage chamber, wherein the working chamber is sequentially formed into a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber along a direction away from the energy storage chamber; a first reversing valve; and an oil circuit control assembly. The third chamber is selectively connected to a high-pressure oil circuit and a first low-pressure oil circuit through the oil circuit control assembly. In this invention, when the piston moves to the far right and is about to move toward the chisel, the oil circuit control assembly connects the third chamber to the first low-pressure oil circuit. When the high-pressure oil in the first chamber and the compressed gas in the energy storage chamber push the piston to the left, the hydraulic oil in the third chamber can be discharged through the first low-pressure oil circuit. This hydraulic oil discharge method can greatly reduce the resistance when the piston moves to the left, and significantly improve the striking force of the hydraulic breaker without affecting the striking frequency of the hydraulic breaker or increasing the equipment failure rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering machinery technology, specifically to hydraulic breakers and related machinery. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic breakers are essential equipment in mining and engineering construction, including rock breaking. They are characterized by high efficiency and low cost. Powered by hydrostatic pressure, a hydraulic breaker drives a piston in reciprocating motion. During the piston's stroke, the piston strikes a chisel at high speed, breaking up solids such as ore and concrete. The impact force of a hydraulic breaker is a crucial parameter, significantly impacting construction efficiency.

[0003] Currently, existing hydraulic breakers generally increase their striking force by increasing the thrust of the drive piston during impact. However, this method of increasing thrust usually leads to an increase in excavator failure rate and a decrease in striking frequency. To balance the impact force and the problems caused by increasing the impact force, existing hydraulic breakers typically use a moderate impact force, making it difficult to increase the impact force of hydraulic breakers under stable and reliable conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a hydraulic breaker and operating machinery to solve the problem that existing hydraulic breakers are unable to effectively increase their striking force.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hydraulic breaker, comprising: a piston; a cylinder having a working chamber for reciprocating movement of the piston and an energy storage chamber for pushing the piston to move, the working chamber being sequentially formed with a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber along a direction away from the energy storage chamber, the third chamber being connected to a high-pressure oil source via a high-pressure oil circuit, the third chamber being connected to a low-pressure oil source via a first low-pressure oil circuit, and the second chamber being connected to a low-pressure oil source via a second low-pressure oil circuit; a first directional valve being connected to both the high-pressure oil circuit and the second low-pressure oil circuit, the first directional valve being selectively connected to both the third chamber and the second chamber via a control oil circuit, the first directional valve being connected to the first chamber via a working oil circuit, the first directional valve having a first valve position for moving the piston toward the energy storage chamber and a second valve position for moving the piston away from the energy storage chamber; and an oil circuit control assembly, the third chamber being selectively connected to either the high-pressure oil circuit or the first low-pressure oil circuit via the oil circuit control assembly.

[0006] Beneficial effects: The third chamber is connected to the low-pressure oil source via the first low-pressure oil circuit, and the high-pressure oil circuit and the first low-pressure oil circuit are controlled by the oil circuit control component. When the piston needs to move to the right after completing one impact, the oil circuit control component connects the third chamber to the high-pressure oil circuit. High-pressure oil enters the third chamber and pushes the piston to the right. When the piston moves to the far right and is about to move towards the chisel, the oil circuit control component connects the third chamber to the first low-pressure oil circuit. When the high-pressure oil in the first chamber and the compressed gas in the accumulator push the piston to the left, the hydraulic oil in the third chamber can be discharged through the first low-pressure oil circuit. Compared with the original high-pressure oil that forms an obstruction in the third chamber when the piston moves to the left, this hydraulic oil discharge method can greatly reduce the resistance when the piston moves to the left. Without affecting the impact frequency of the hydraulic breaker or increasing the equipment failure rate, it significantly improves the impact force of the hydraulic breaker, effectively solving the problem that existing hydraulic breakers are difficult to effectively improve the impact force.

[0007] In one optional embodiment, the piston further includes a controller and a position detection component. The piston has a first position state in which it moves away from the accumulator chamber and reaches a first dead point, and a second position state in which it moves closer to the accumulator chamber and reaches a second dead point. The controller is connected to both the oil circuit control component and the position detection component, and the position detection component is used to detect the position state of the piston.

[0008] Beneficial effects: The position detection component can obtain piston information more accurately and quickly, and the controller can accurately and quickly control the working status of the oil circuit control component according to the position signal, which can improve the stability and reliability of the hydraulic breaker in operation.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, the position detection component includes a distance sensor disposed on the side wall of the energy storage chamber opposite to the piston end face; or, the position detection component includes a first position sensor and a second position sensor disposed on the side wall of the energy storage chamber opposite to the circumferential surface of the piston, and the first position sensor and the second position sensor are spaced apart along the movement direction of the piston.

[0010] Beneficial effects: The storage chamber has a large arrangement space, which facilitates the installation of position detection components. In addition, the piston does not come into contact with the inner wall of the storage chamber during operation, thus preventing the position detection components from being damaged by piston impact and improving durability. Furthermore, the piston can be detected in the first and second position states separately by a single distance sensor, which can effectively reduce the number of sensors required and simplify the complexity of the structure.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the oil circuit control component includes a second directional valve, which is a solenoid directional valve. The solenoid directional valve includes a valve body, an elastic element, and an electronic control terminal. The valve body is connected to the cylinder body through the elastic element.

[0012] Beneficial effects: The on / off state of two oil circuits can be controlled simultaneously by a single valve body, which can effectively reduce the number of parts and reduce the complexity of the structure. This type of electromagnetic directional valve has a simple structure and is easy to arrange and install. In addition, since one side of the valve body cooperates with the electronic control terminal and the other side cooperates with the elastic element, when the second directional valve fails or the controller fails and cannot control the electronic control terminal to push the valve body to move, the valve body can maintain its initial working state under the action of the elastic element. At this time, the hydraulic breaker can still maintain its original working state and continue to work. Although it cannot effectively increase the striking force, it will not cause local blockage of the hydraulic system of the entire device and serious damage, thus effectively improving the safety of the device.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the oil circuit control assembly includes a first control valve and a second control valve, a third chamber is connected to a high-pressure oil circuit through the first control valve, and the third chamber is connected to a first low-pressure oil circuit through the second control valve.

[0014] Beneficial effects: This type of oil circuit control component has high flexibility in layout. The control valve can be changed according to the position of the corresponding oil circuit. Therefore, the connection section and the first low-pressure oil circuit can also be more flexibly changed according to the layout requirements.

[0015] In one optional embodiment, a connection port is provided on the side wall of the third cavity, and the third cavity is simultaneously connected to the high-pressure oil circuit and the first low-pressure oil circuit through the connection port.

[0016] Beneficial effects: It can connect to two oil circuits through a single connection port, reducing the number of connection ports on the side wall of the third chamber, which can improve the structural strength of the cylinder block and piston mating position and improve the reliability of the overall structure.

[0017] In one optional embodiment, the first low-pressure oil circuit is connected to the second low-pressure oil circuit, and the first low-pressure oil circuit is connected to the low-pressure oil source through the second low-pressure oil circuit.

[0018] Beneficial effects: It can effectively shorten the length of the first low-pressure oil circuit and reduce the complexity of the hydraulic system's oil circuit layout.

[0019] In one optional embodiment, it further includes an accumulator connected to a high-pressure oil circuit. The connection position of the first directional valve and the high-pressure oil circuit forms a first connection node, and the connection position of the accumulator and the high-pressure oil circuit forms a second connection node. The hydraulic oil in the high-pressure oil circuit flows through the first connection node and the second connection node and then enters the oil inlet of the oil circuit control component.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The accumulator can further enhance the striking force of the hydraulic breaker based on the energy storage chamber. In addition, this arrangement of the oil circuit control components can ensure the normal operation of the first directional valve and the accumulator, and prevent the oil circuit control components from affecting them.

[0021] In one optional embodiment, the piston has a small-diameter segment and a large-diameter segment in sequence along the direction away from the energy storage chamber. The outer circumferential surface of the large-diameter segment forms a first annular segment and a second annular segment at intervals along the direction away from the energy storage chamber. The stepped surface of the second annular segment away from the energy storage chamber contacts the hydraulic oil in the third chamber. The stepped surfaces opposite to the first and second annular segments contact the hydraulic oil in the second chamber. The stepped surface of the first annular segment near the energy storage chamber contacts the hydraulic oil in the first chamber. The end of the small-diameter segment near the energy storage chamber is located in the energy storage chamber. The piston structure is simple and reliable, and easy to process and manufacture.

[0022] Secondly, the present invention also provides a working machine, comprising: a vehicle body; a hydraulic system disposed on the vehicle body; and the aforementioned hydraulic breaker, disposed on the vehicle body and connected to the hydraulic system. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic breaker in which the first directional valve is in the second valve position according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the first directional valve in the first valve position of the hydraulic breaker.

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the hydraulic control system of the hydraulic breaker shown.

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the piston in a hydraulic breaker.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 1. Piston; 101. Small diameter section; 102. Large diameter section; 103. First annular section; 104. Second annular section;

[0030] 2. Cylinder block; 201. Working chamber; 2011. First chamber; 2012. Second chamber; 2013. Third chamber; 2014. Connection port; 202. Energy storage chamber; 203. High-pressure oil circuit; 2031. Connecting section; 204. First low-pressure oil circuit; 205. Second low-pressure oil circuit; 206. Control oil circuit; 207. Working oil circuit;

[0031] 3. First directional valve; 301. Valve core; 302. First connection node;

[0032] 4. Oil circuit control components; 401. Valve body; 402. Elastic element; 403. Electrical control terminal;

[0033] 5. Controller;

[0034] 6. Position detection component;

[0035] 7. Energy accumulator; 701. Second connection node;

[0036] 8. Drill rod;

[0037] 9. Pressure relief valve. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 4 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] In related technologies, the main ways to increase the thrust of the driving piston during impact are: adjusting the ratio of the piston annular area SC' and SA', increasing the input high-pressure oil pressure of the hydraulic system, and increasing the charging pressure of the accumulator chamber.

[0041] Among them, the scheme of adjusting the piston annular area ratio has been optimized by many designers. Therefore, the optimization space for improving the impact force of the hydraulic breaker through this scheme is small and it is difficult to further optimize it.

[0042] Increasing the pressure of the high-pressure oil input to the hydraulic system will also increase the failure rate of the hydraulic breaker. In addition, the current system pressure of the breaker is already close to that of the excavator's main system, leaving little room for improvement and making further optimization difficult.

[0043] In the method of increasing the charging pressure of the energy storage chamber, since the pressure of the piston through the energy storage chamber is used as the force for the piston's return stroke, increasing the charging pressure of the energy storage chamber will also increase the difficulty for the piston to compress the gas in the energy storage chamber, causing the piston speed to decrease during the return stroke, increasing the time required for a single piston impact, and thus reducing the impact frequency, resulting in a significant decrease in the working efficiency of the hydraulic breaker.

[0044] In summary, existing methods for increasing the striking force of hydraulic breakers are all insufficient to further and effectively enhance the striking force.

[0045] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a hydraulic breaker is provided, comprising: a piston 1, a cylinder 2, a first directional valve 3, and an oil circuit control assembly 4. The cylinder 2 has a working chamber 201 for reciprocating movement of the piston 1, and an energy storage chamber 202 for pushing the piston 1 to move. The working chamber 201 is sequentially formed with a first chamber 2011, a second chamber 2012, and a third chamber 2013 along a direction away from the energy storage chamber 202. The third chamber 2013 is connected to a high-pressure oil source through a high-pressure oil circuit 203, and is connected to a low-pressure oil source through a first low-pressure oil circuit 204. The second chamber 2012 is connected to a high-pressure oil source through a first low-pressure oil circuit 204. The second low-pressure oil circuit 205 is connected to the low-pressure oil source; the first reversing valve 3 is connected to the high-pressure oil circuit 203 and the second low-pressure oil circuit 205 respectively. The first reversing valve 3 is connected to the third chamber 2013 and the second chamber 2012 through the control oil circuit 206. The first reversing valve 3 is connected to the first chamber 2011 through the working oil circuit 207. The first reversing valve 3 has a first valve position that moves the piston 1 closer to the energy storage chamber 202 and a second valve position that moves the piston 1 away from the energy storage chamber 202; the third chamber 2013 is connected to the high-pressure oil circuit 203 and the first low-pressure oil circuit 204 through the oil circuit control component 4.

[0046] The oil circuit control component 4 has a first working state that allows the high-pressure oil circuit 203 to be unobstructed and blocks the first low-pressure oil circuit 204, and a second working state that allows the first low-pressure oil circuit 204 to be unobstructed and blocks the high-pressure oil circuit 203. When the first directional valve 3 is in the first valve position, the oil circuit control component 4 is in the first working state, and when the first directional valve 3 is in the second valve position, the oil circuit control component 4 is in the second working state.

[0047] Using the hydraulic breaker of this embodiment, the third chamber 2013 is connected to the low-pressure oil source through the first low-pressure oil circuit 204, and the high-pressure oil circuit 203 and the first low-pressure oil circuit 204 are controlled by the oil circuit control component 4. When the piston 1 needs to move to the right after completing one impact, the oil circuit control component 4 connects the third chamber 2013 to the high-pressure oil circuit 203, and the high-pressure oil enters the third chamber 2013 and pushes the piston 1 to the right. When the piston 1 moves to the far right and is about to move toward the chisel 8, the oil circuit control component 4 connects the third chamber 2013 to the first low-pressure oil circuit. When the high-pressure oil in the first chamber 2011 and the compressed gas in the energy storage chamber 202 push the piston 1 to the left, the hydraulic oil in the third chamber 2013 can be discharged through the first low-pressure oil passage 204. Compared with the original high-pressure oil in the third chamber 2013 that forms an obstacle when the piston 1 moves to the left, this hydraulic oil discharge method can greatly reduce the resistance when the piston 1 moves to the left. Without affecting the striking frequency of the hydraulic breaker or increasing the equipment failure rate, it significantly improves the striking force of the hydraulic breaker and effectively solves the problem that existing hydraulic breakers are difficult to effectively improve the striking force.

[0048] It should be noted that the third cavity 2013 refers to Figure 1 The chamber on the "left" side indicated by the middle arrow, chamber 1 (2011) refers to... Figure 1 The chamber on the "right" side indicated by the middle arrow; high pressure and low pressure refer to two pipelines or hydraulic oils with different relative pressures. High pressure means that the pressure of high pressure is greater than that of low pressure. In the hydraulic system, high pressure oil circuit 203, high pressure oil and high pressure oil source are the oil circuits and hydraulic oils with higher pressure that are actively input. First low pressure oil circuit 204, second low pressure oil circuit 205 and low pressure oil source are the oil circuits and hydraulic oils with lower pressure that are passively discharged.

[0049] Specifically, there is no limitation on the specific driving method of the oil circuit control component 4. It can be that the oil circuit control component 4 is driven to change state through the transmission structure when the piston 1 moves. The oil circuit control component 4 can also change according to the valve position state of the first directional valve 3. It can be flexibly selected according to the requirements.

[0050] In this embodiment, a controller 5 and a position detection component 6 are also included. The piston 1 has a first position state where it moves away from the energy storage chamber 202 and reaches a first stop point, and a second position state where it moves closer to the energy storage chamber 202 and reaches a second stop point. The controller 5 is connected to the oil circuit control component 4 and the position detection component 6 respectively. The position detection component 6 is used to detect the position state of the piston 1. The information of the piston 1 can be obtained more accurately and quickly through the position detection component 6. The controller 5 can accurately and quickly control the working state of the oil circuit control component 4 according to the position signal, which can improve the stability and reliability of the hydraulic breaker's working process.

[0051] Among them, such as Figure 1 As shown, this is the state where piston 1 collides with the drill rod 8 and reaches the first dead center, as... Figure 2 As shown, this is the state where piston 1 continues to extend into energy storage chamber 202 until the second dead center is reached. At this time, piston 1 compresses the gas in energy storage chamber 202 to the maximum extent.

[0052] Specifically, there is no limitation on the specific specifications and types of the position detection component 6. It can be in the form of a proximity sensor, distance sensor, etc., as long as it can quickly and reliably detect the position of the piston 1.

[0053] In this embodiment, the position detection component 6 includes a distance sensor, which is disposed on the side wall of the energy storage chamber 202 opposite to the end face of the piston 1. The energy storage chamber 202 has a large arrangement space, which facilitates the installation of the position detection component 6. In addition, the piston 1 does not contact the inner wall of the energy storage chamber 202 when it is working, so it can prevent the position detection component 6 from being damaged by the piston 1, thus improving its durability. Furthermore, the piston 1 can be detected in the first position state and the second position state by a single distance sensor, which can effectively reduce the number of sensors required and simplify the complexity of the structure.

[0054] It is understood that, as an alternative implementation, the position detection component 6 may also be disposed on the inner wall of the working chamber 201 to detect the position of the piston 1.

[0055] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the distance from the end face of piston 1 to the distance sensor is L. When piston 1 is in the first position, the distance from the end face of piston 1 to the distance sensor is L1. When piston 1 is in the second position, the distance from the end face of piston 1 to the distance sensor is L2. When the distance L detected by the distance sensor is greater than or equal to L1, the controller 5 causes the oil circuit control component 4 to connect the third chamber 2013 to the high-pressure oil circuit 203. When the distance L detected by the distance sensor is less than or equal to L2, the controller 5 causes the oil circuit control component 4 to connect the third chamber 2013 to the first low-pressure oil circuit 204.

[0056] In this embodiment, the oil circuit control component 4 includes a second directional valve, which is an electromagnetic directional valve. The electromagnetic directional valve includes a valve body 401, an elastic element 402, and an electronic control terminal 403. The valve body 401 is connected to the cylinder 2 through the elastic element 402. The opening and closing of two oil circuits can be controlled simultaneously by a single valve body, which can effectively reduce the number of components and reduce the complexity of the structure. This type of electromagnetic directional valve has a simple structure and is easy to arrange and install. In addition, since one side of the valve body 401 cooperates with the electronic control terminal 403 and the other side cooperates with the elastic element 402, when the second directional valve fails or the controller 5 fails and cannot control the electronic control terminal 403 to push the valve body 401 to move, the valve body 401 can maintain its initial working state under the action of the elastic element 402. At this time, the hydraulic breaker can still maintain its original working state and work. Although it cannot effectively increase the striking force, it will not cause local blockage of the hydraulic system of the entire device and serious damage, thus effectively improving the safety of the device.

[0057] Specifically, the section of the high-pressure oil circuit 203 where the oil circuit control component 4 is located is the connecting section 2031 connected to the third chamber 2013. The oil circuit control component 4 has a first working state that allows the connecting section 2031 to be unobstructed and blocks the first low-pressure oil circuit 204, and also has a second working state that allows the first low-pressure oil circuit 204 to be unobstructed and blocks the connecting section 2031. When the electronic control terminal 403 is de-energized, the valve body 401 maintains the first working state under the elastic force of the elastic element 402. When the electronic control terminal 403 is energized, the valve body 401 overcomes the elastic force of the elastic element 402 and moves to the second working state.

[0058] In addition, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the electronic control terminal 403 is an electromagnetic coil. Figure 2 The position of valve body 401 is the second working state. At this time, the elastic element 402 is in the normal state and the electronic control terminal 403 is not energized. Figure 1 The position of valve body 401 is the first working state. At this time, elastic element 402 is in a compressed state and electrical control terminal 403 is energized. After electrical control terminal 403 is energized, it pushes valve body 401 to move from left to right and compresses elastic element 402.

[0059] It should be noted that the electromagnetic coil of the electronic control terminal 403 is only one description of the driving method of the electronic control terminal 403. The electronic control terminal 403 can also be equipped with a valve body, and hydraulic oil can be introduced through electronic control to drive the valve body 401 to move.

[0060] It is understandable that, as an alternative implementation method, the second directional valve can be a hydraulically controlled directional valve, a cartridge directional valve, etc., as long as it can switch between the first and second working states.

[0061] In this embodiment, the third cavity 2013 is provided with a connection port 2014 on its side wall. The third cavity 2013 is connected to both the high-pressure oil circuit 203 and the first low-pressure oil circuit 204 through the connection port 2014. The connection to the two oil circuits can be achieved through a single connection port 2014, which reduces the number of connection ports 2014 on the side wall of the third cavity 2013. This can improve the structural strength of the mating position between the cylinder 2 and the piston 1 and enhance the reliability of the overall structure.

[0062] In this embodiment, the first low-pressure oil circuit 204 is connected to the second low-pressure oil circuit 205. The first low-pressure oil circuit 204 is connected to the low-pressure oil source through the second low-pressure oil circuit 205, which can effectively shorten the length of the first low-pressure oil circuit 204 and reduce the complexity of the hydraulic system oil circuit layout.

[0063] It is understood that, as an alternative implementation, the first low-pressure oil circuit 204 can be directly connected to a low-pressure oil source.

[0064] In this embodiment, the third chamber 2013 is connected to the second chamber 2012 through the second pressure relief valve 9. When the pressure in the third chamber 2013 is too high, the hydraulic oil therein can flow into the second chamber 2012 through the second pressure relief valve 9 and be discharged through the second low-pressure oil circuit 205.

[0065] In this embodiment, an accumulator 7 connected to the high-pressure oil circuit 203 is also included. The connection position between the first reversing valve 3 and the high-pressure oil circuit 203 forms a first connection node 302, and the connection position between the accumulator 7 and the high-pressure oil circuit 203 forms a second connection node 701. The hydraulic oil in the high-pressure oil circuit 203 flows through the first connection node 302 and the second connection node 701 and then enters the oil inlet of the oil circuit control component 4. The accumulator 7 can further enhance the striking force of the hydraulic breaker based on the energy storage chamber 202. In addition, this arrangement of the oil circuit control component 4 can ensure the normal operation of the first reversing valve 3 and the accumulator 7 and prevent the oil circuit control component 4 from affecting them.

[0066] Specifically, the order in which the first connecting node 302 and the second connecting node 701 on the high-pressure oil circuit 203 are set along the flow direction of the hydraulic oil is not limited. The first connecting node 302 and the second connecting node 701 can be set sequentially along the flow direction of the hydraulic oil, or the second connecting node 701 and the first connecting node 302 can be set sequentially along the flow direction of the hydraulic oil.

[0067] The gas filled in the accumulator 7 and the energy storage chamber 202 is not limited and can be either inert gas or nitrogen, and can be flexibly selected according to the requirements.

[0068] Preferably, the gas filled in the accumulator 7 and the energy storage chamber 202 is nitrogen.

[0069] In this embodiment, the piston 1 has a small-diameter segment 101 and a large-diameter segment 102 in sequence along the direction away from the energy storage chamber 202. The outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter segment 102 forms a first annular segment 103 and a second annular segment 104 at intervals along the direction away from the energy storage chamber 202. The stepped surface of the second annular segment 104 on the side away from the energy storage chamber 202 is in contact with the hydraulic oil in the third chamber 2013. The stepped surfaces opposite to the first annular segment 103 and the second annular segment 104 are in contact with the hydraulic oil in the second chamber 2012. The stepped surface of the first annular segment 103 on the side close to the energy storage chamber 202 is in contact with the hydraulic oil in the first chamber 2011. The end of the small-diameter segment 101 close to the energy storage chamber 202 is located in the energy storage chamber 202. The piston 1 has a simple and reliable structure and is easy to process and manufacture.

[0070] In related technologies, with Figure 1 For example, when piston 1 moves to the far right and is about to move toward the chisel 8, the third chamber 2013 is still filled with high-pressure oil. When the high-pressure oil in the first chamber 2011 and the compressed gas in the energy storage chamber 202 push piston 1 to the left, it needs to overcome the large resistance of the high-pressure oil in the third chamber 2013 and discharge the high-pressure oil in the third chamber 2013 through the high-pressure oil passage 203 and enter the first chamber 2011 through the first reversing valve 3. This process of discharging high-pressure oil will greatly reduce the impact force output by piston 1.

[0071] In related technologies, the main improvement idea for enhancing the striking force of hydraulic breakers is: how to increase the pushing force on the right side of piston 1 when piston 1 moves to the left. Under this improvement idea, the existing optimization methods have all reached the bottleneck stage.

[0072] The hydraulic breaker used in this embodiment changes the original approach of improving the impact force of the hydraulic breaker. Instead of optimizing how to increase the driving force, the approach is to optimize how to reduce the resistance. With the original driving force unchanged, the impact force of piston 1 can be increased by reducing the resistance when piston 1 moves to the left.

[0073] like Figure 4 As shown, taking a hydraulic breaker with a chisel rod diameter of 140mm as an example, the diameter A of the large-diameter section 102 of piston 1 is 140mm, the outer diameter B of the first annular section 103 and the second annular section 104 is 148mm, and the diameter C of the small-diameter section 101 of piston 1 is 135mm. When piston 1 moves to the left, the pressure area SA' on the left side of piston 1 is 18cm. 2 The pressure area on the right side of the piston is SC' = 29 cm. 2 The area SC of the small-diameter section 101 of the piston 1, which is compressed gas in the energy storage chamber 202, is 143 cm². 2 .

[0074] During normal operation, the high-pressure oil pressure P1 = 22 MPa, the low-pressure oil pressure P2 = 5 MPa, and the pressure of the gas in the energy storage chamber 202 after compression P0 = 14.5 bar.

[0075] The maximum striking force of the hydraulic breaker in related technologies:

[0076] F=P1×SC'-SA'+P0×SC=22×29-18+1.45×143=4493.35N;

[0077] Maximum impact force after adopting this embodiment:

[0078] F'=P1×SC'-P2×SA'+P0×SC=22×29-5×18+1.45×143=7553.35N;

[0079] The impact force is increased by ΔF = P1 - P0 × SA' = 22 - 5 × 18 = 3060N, which can increase the impact force by up to 68.1%.

[0080] In summary, the hydraulic breaker of this embodiment can significantly increase the striking force without increasing the thrust.

[0081] Furthermore, since the hydraulic breaker of this embodiment significantly improves the striking force, the speed of piston 1 during a single impact is also increased, while the time required for piston 1 to impact once is reduced. Therefore, by using the hydraulic breaker of this embodiment, the interval time between two piston 1 impacts can be reduced by controlling the oil supply and return of the high-pressure oil source and the low-pressure oil source, which can conveniently and quickly increase the striking frequency of the hydraulic breaker. At the same time, the striking force is increased, and the control of the striking frequency is also more flexible.

[0082] According to a second embodiment of the present invention, a hydraulic breaker is provided. The difference between the hydraulic breaker of this embodiment and the hydraulic breaker of the first embodiment is that the form of the oil circuit control component 4 is different. In this embodiment, the oil circuit control component 4 includes a first control valve and a second control valve. The first control valve is located on the conveying path of the connecting section 2031, and the second control valve is located on the conveying path of the first low-pressure oil circuit 204. The connecting section 2031 and the first low-pressure oil circuit 204 are controlled to open and close by corresponding control valves. This type of oil circuit control component 4 has high flexibility in arrangement. The control valves can change accordingly with the position of the corresponding oil circuit. Therefore, the connecting section 2031 and the first low-pressure oil circuit 204 can be more flexibly changed according to the arrangement requirements.

[0083] Specifically, there are no restrictions on the types of the first and second control valves; they can be solenoid valves, hydraulic valves, etc., as long as they can switch between the first and second working states.

[0084] According to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, a hydraulic breaker is provided. The difference between the hydraulic breaker of this embodiment and the hydraulic breaker of Embodiment 1 is that the form of the position detection component 6 is different. In this embodiment, the position detection component 6 includes a first position sensor and a second position sensor. The first position sensor and the second position sensor are disposed on the side wall of the energy storage chamber 202 opposite to the circumferential surface of the piston 1. The first position sensor and the second position sensor are spaced apart along the moving direction of the piston 1. This form of position detection component 6 can be arranged in more positions and can be arranged more flexibly on the side wall of the energy storage chamber 202 opposite to the circumferential surface of the piston 1.

[0085] Specifically, when neither the first position sensor nor the second position sensor detects a signal, it indicates that piston 1 has reached the first dead center. When only the first position sensor detects a signal, it indicates that piston 1 is located between the first dead center and the second dead center. When both the first position sensor and the second position sensor detect a signal, it indicates that piston 1 has reached the right dead center.

[0086] The following, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 The working process of the hydraulic breaker in this embodiment will be described as follows:

[0087] like Figure 2 As shown, during the process of piston 1 moving from left to right, position detection component 6 continuously detects the distance between itself and piston 1. Since the distance L measured by position detection component 6 is less than L1 and greater than L2, and does not reach the state of less than or equal to L2, controller 5 controls the electrical control terminal 403 to be in a de-energized state. At this time, the valve core 301 of the first reversing valve 3 is in the left position, the oil circuit control component 4 is in the left position, the first chamber 2011 is connected to the second low-pressure oil circuit 205 through the first reversing valve 3, and the high-pressure oil from the high-pressure oil source flows through the high-pressure oil circuit 203 through the accumulator 7 into the third chamber 2013. At this time, the accumulator 7 stores energy, and piston 1 moves to the right.

[0088] When piston 1 continues to move to the right and reaches the second position state of position detection component 6, the control oil circuit 206 is connected to the third chamber 2013. The high-pressure oil in the third chamber 2013 enters the first directional valve 3 through the control oil circuit 206. The valve core 301 moves to the right position. The first chamber 2011 is connected to the high-pressure oil circuit 203 through the first directional valve 3. At the same time, since the distance L measured by position detection component 6 is less than or equal to L2, the controller 5 controls the electrical control terminal 403 to be energized according to the signal sent by position detection component 6. At this time, the oil circuit control component 4 switches to the right position. The third chamber 2013 is connected to the second low-pressure oil circuit 205 through the first low-pressure oil circuit 204. At this time, the potential energy of accumulator 7 pushes the high-pressure oil into the first chamber 2011. The gas in accumulator 202 pushes piston 1 to the left. The hydraulic oil in the third chamber 2013 is discharged through the first low-pressure oil circuit 204.

[0089] When piston 1 moves to the left and strikes the chisel 8, the control oil circuit 206 is connected to the second chamber 2012. The valve core 301 moves to the left and discharges hydraulic oil through the control oil circuit 206, the second chamber 2012, and the second low-pressure oil circuit 205 in sequence. At this time, the distance L measured by the position detection component 6 is greater than or equal to L1. The controller 5 controls the electrical control terminal 403 to be in a de-energized state, and the oil circuit control component 4 switches to the right position. Piston 1 begins to move from left to right. Repeating the above steps will make piston 1 reciprocate.

[0090] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in another aspect, a working machine is provided, comprising: a vehicle body, a hydraulic system, and the aforementioned hydraulic breaker device, wherein the hydraulic system is disposed on the vehicle body, and the hydraulic breaker is disposed on the vehicle body and connected to the hydraulic system.

[0091] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A hydraulic breaker, characterized in that, include: Piston (1); The cylinder (2) has a working chamber (201) for the reciprocating movement of the piston (1) and an energy storage chamber (202) for pushing the piston (1) to move. The working chamber (201) is formed in sequence with a first chamber (2011), a second chamber (2012) and a third chamber (2013) in a direction away from the energy storage chamber (202). The third chamber (2013) is connected to a high-pressure oil source through a high-pressure oil passage (203). The third chamber (2013) is connected to a low-pressure oil source through a first low-pressure oil passage (204). The second chamber (2012) is connected to a low-pressure oil source through a second low-pressure oil passage (205). The first reversing valve (3) is connected to the high-pressure oil circuit (203) and the second low-pressure oil circuit (205) respectively. The first reversing valve (3) is connected to the third chamber (2013) and the second chamber (2012) through the control oil circuit (206). The first reversing valve (3) is connected to the first chamber (2011) through the working oil circuit (207). The first reversing valve (3) has a first valve position that moves the piston (1) closer to the energy storage chamber (202) and a second valve position that moves the piston (1) away from the energy storage chamber (202). The oil circuit control component (4) is used to connect the third chamber (2013) to either the high-pressure oil circuit (203) or the first low-pressure oil circuit (204). The hydraulic breaker also includes a controller (5) and a position detection component (6). The position detection component (6) includes a distance sensor. The piston (1) has a first position state where it moves away from the energy storage chamber (202) to a first stop point, and a second position state where it moves closer to the energy storage chamber (202) to a second stop point. The controller (5) is connected to the oil circuit control component (4) and the position detection component (6) respectively. The position detection component (6) is used to detect the position state of the piston (1). When the piston (1) reaches the first dead point and is in the first position state, the controller (5) causes the oil circuit control component (4) to connect the third chamber (2013) with the high-pressure oil circuit (203). When the piston (1) reaches the second dead point and is in the second position state, the controller (5) causes the oil circuit control component (4) to connect the third chamber (2013) with the first low-pressure oil circuit (204).

2. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance sensor is disposed on the side wall of the energy storage chamber (202) opposite to the end face of the piston (1). Alternatively, the position detection component (6) includes a first position sensor and a second position sensor, the first position sensor and the second position sensor being disposed on the side wall of the energy storage chamber (202) opposite to the circumferential surface of the piston (1), and the first position sensor and the second position sensor being spaced apart along the moving direction of the piston (1).

3. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The oil circuit control component (4) includes a second directional valve, which is a solenoid directional valve. The solenoid directional valve includes a valve body (401), an elastic element (402), and an electronic control terminal (403). The valve body (401) is connected to the cylinder (2) through the elastic element (402).

4. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The oil circuit control component (4) includes a first control valve and a second control valve. The third chamber (2013) is connected to the high-pressure oil circuit (203) through the first control valve, and the third chamber (2013) is connected to the first low-pressure oil circuit (204) through the second control valve.

5. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The third cavity (2013) has a connection port (2014) on its side wall. The third cavity (2013) is connected to the high-pressure oil circuit (203) and the first low-pressure oil circuit (204) through the connection port (2014).

6. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first low-pressure oil circuit (204) is connected to the second low-pressure oil circuit (205), and the first low-pressure oil circuit (204) is connected to the low-pressure oil source through the second low-pressure oil circuit (205).

7. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also includes an accumulator (7) connected to the high-pressure oil circuit (203). The connection position of the first reversing valve (3) and the high-pressure oil circuit (203) forms a first connection node (302). The connection position of the accumulator (7) and the high-pressure oil circuit (203) forms a second connection node (701). The hydraulic oil in the high-pressure oil circuit (203) flows through the first connection node (302) and the second connection node (701) and then enters the oil inlet of the oil circuit control component (4).

8. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The piston (1) consists of a small-diameter segment (101) and a large-diameter segment (102) in sequence along the direction away from the energy storage chamber (202). The outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter segment (102) is divided into a first annular segment (103) and a second annular segment (104) at intervals along the direction away from the energy storage chamber (202). The stepped surface of the second annular segment (104) on the side away from the energy storage chamber (202) is in contact with the hydraulic oil in the third chamber (2013). The stepped surfaces opposite to the first annular segment (103) and the second annular segment (104) are in contact with the hydraulic oil in the second chamber (2012). The stepped surface of the first annular segment (103) on the side close to the energy storage chamber (202) is in contact with the hydraulic oil in the first chamber (2011). The end of the small-diameter segment (101) close to the energy storage chamber (202) is located in the energy storage chamber (202).

9. A type of operating machinery, characterized in that, include: Body; A hydraulic system is installed in the vehicle body; The hydraulic breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is disposed on the vehicle body and connected to the hydraulic system.

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