Rock drilling rotary percussion device with adjustable impact energy and method of operation thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an impact energy adjustable rock drilling rotary percussion device and a working method thereof, and solves the problems of small adjustable range of impact frequency and impact energy of a rock drilling device in the prior art and easy jamming of a drill rod. The impact energy adjustable rock drilling rotary percussion device comprises an impact piston and a drill rod tail, further comprises an electric impact mechanism and a hydraulic impact mechanism which are arranged in parallel and used for driving the impact piston to reciprocate, the tail of the drill rod tail is correspondingly connected with the impact end of the impact piston through a rotary buffer assembly, the front part of the drill rod tail is connected with a rotary impact mechanism, and the rotary buffer assembly and the rotary impact mechanism are matched to drive the drill rod tail to perform pulsed rotation around the central axis. Compared with the prior art, the electric impact mechanism and the hydraulic impact mechanism with adjustable working modes are adopted, the adjustable impact energy is realized, the problems of single impact frequency, small impact energy range and low rock drilling efficiency of the rock drilling device in the prior art are solved, the rotary buffer assembly and the rotary impact mechanism are matched to drive the drill rod tail to perform pulsed rotation around the central axis, and the problem of easy jamming of the drill rod in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rock drilling, in particular to a rock drilling rotary impact device with adjustable impact energy and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The rock drilling process is a critical step in mining and tunnel engineering. Currently, most rock drilling devices are hydraulic or electric, with a small adjustable range of impact frequency and impact energy. When processing rocks of different hardness and structure, their efficiency and adaptability are limited, and they are prone to phenomena such as drill sticking, which affects the rock drilling efficiency and effect.

[0003] In recent years, with the advancement of technology, research on circumferential impact assemblies has gradually emerged. These assemblies often employ a separate internal and external structure, with the internal structure intermittently impacting the external structure to produce circumferential impact. For example, a circumferential impact assembly disclosed in Chinese Patent Application No. 201911214144.6, however, is complex and inconvenient to install on a drill adapter, and has not yet been fully implemented in rock drilling equipment. Furthermore, most rock drilling equipment uses different stroke openings to adjust the drilling frequency, such as the pneumatic rock drill disclosed in Chinese Patent Application No. 202222247215.6, but the adjustable range of frequency and impact energy is limited. Therefore, it is necessary to design a rock drilling rotary impact device with adjustable impact energy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention proposes a rock drilling rotary percussion device with adjustable impact energy and a working method thereof, which solves the problems in the prior art of rock drilling devices such as small adjustable range of impact frequency and impact energy and easy jamming of the drill.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows: a rock drilling rotary impact device with adjustable impact energy includes an impact piston and a drill tail, and also includes an electric impact mechanism and a hydraulic impact mechanism arranged in parallel and used to drive the impact piston to reciprocate; the tail end of the drill tail is connected to the impact end of the impact piston through a rotary buffer assembly, and the front end of the drill tail is connected to the rotary impact mechanism. The rotary buffer assembly and the rotary impact mechanism cooperate to drive the drill tail to rotate in a pulsed manner around the central axis.

[0006] Further preferably, the electric impact mechanism includes a first shell, in which a motor, a slotted shaft and a sliding sleeve are arranged. The motor drives the slotted shaft to rotate through a first transmission mechanism. The slotted shaft is provided with a rail groove. The sliding sleeve is slidably arranged in the first shell and the sliding sleeve is provided with a guide block that cooperates with the rail groove. The rotation of the slotted shaft drives the sliding sleeve to perform linear reciprocating motion; the sliding sleeve is connected to the impact piston through an electromagnetic component.

[0007] Further preferably, the electromagnetic assembly includes a coil arranged in the first shell, an electromagnetic suction cup fixed on the sliding sleeve and a conical sleeve that can magnetically cooperate with the electromagnetic suction cup, the conical sleeve is fixed to the end of the impact piston, and when the electromagnetic assembly is energized, the sliding sleeve and the conical sleeve are adsorbed and connected by the electromagnetic suction cup; when the electromagnetic assembly is de-energized, the sliding sleeve and the conical sleeve are disconnected.

[0008] Further preferably, the first transmission mechanism includes a gear shaft and a first gear, the gear shaft is connected to the output shaft of the motor through a first coupling, the first gear is connected to the slot shaft through a key, and is meshed with the gear portion of the gear shaft.

[0009] Further preferably, the hydraulic impact mechanism includes a cylinder body, an impact piston is inserted into the cylinder body, a front chamber, a middle chamber and a rear chamber are formed between the inner wall of the cylinder body and the impact piston, and a reversing valve is provided on the cylinder body to control the connection between the high-pressure oil and the front chamber or the rear chamber, and the front chamber, the middle chamber or the rear chamber is dynamically connected to the oil tank.

[0010] During the piston stroke, the reversing valve controls the high-pressure oil to flow into the rear chamber, and the front chamber and the middle chamber are connected with the oil tank. The high-pressure oil pushes the impact piston forward until the impact piston moves to connect the rear chamber and the middle chamber, at which point the stroke is completed; during the piston return stroke, the reversing valve switches and controls the high-pressure oil to flow into the front chamber, and the rear chamber and the middle chamber are connected with the oil tank. The high-pressure oil pushes the impact piston backward until the impact piston moves to connect the front chamber and the middle chamber, at which point the return stroke is completed.

[0011] Further preferably, the rotary buffer assembly includes a second shell and a hydraulic motor, a buffer assembly and a hollow gear shaft are provided in the second shell, a first quadrangular sleeve corresponding to the front and rear of the buffer assembly is fixedly provided inside the hollow gear shaft, the tail of the drill tail is inserted into the first quadrangular sleeve and is slidably connected to the first quadrangular sleeve, the front of the impact piston is inserted into the buffer assembly and is slidably matched with the buffer assembly; the hollow gear shaft is connected to the hydraulic motor through a second transmission mechanism; the hydraulic motor drives the hollow gear shaft and the drill tail to rotate synchronously through the second transmission mechanism.

[0012] Further preferably, the buffer assembly includes a buffer sleeve and a buffer piston. The buffer sleeve is arranged inside the hollow gear shaft and corresponds to the first quadrangular sleeve in front and back. The buffer piston is located in the second shell and is arranged corresponding to the buffer sleeve. Two hydraulic oil chambers connected by a one-way valve are provided between the buffer piston and the second shell. The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil chamber controls the buffer piston to buffer the reverse impact of the drill tail.

[0013] Further preferably, the second transmission mechanism includes a main transmission shaft, one end of which is connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor via a second coupling, and the main transmission shaft is provided with a pinion meshing with the gear portion of the hollow gear shaft.

[0014] Further preferably, the rotary impact mechanism includes a third shell, in which a meshing rotary impact gear and a driving pinion are provided, the shank is passed through the rotary impact gear and corresponds to the circumferential impact assembly provided on the rotary impact gear, and the driving pinion is connected to the hydraulic motor through a third transmission mechanism.

[0015] Further preferably, an inner ring groove arranged coaxially is opened inside the rotary impact gear, and the circumferential impact assembly includes a guide groove arranged on the wall of the inner ring groove, an impact slider is slidingly provided in the guide groove, a spring is provided at the end of the guide groove away from the shank, the free end of the spring is connected to the impact slider, and a stop block is provided at the end of the guide groove close to the shank to prevent the impact slider from slipping; ear blocks corresponding to the impact slider are provided on the circumference of the shank, and the impact slider intermittently impacts the ear blocks, driving the shank to rotate in a pulsed manner.

[0016] Further preferably, the third transmission mechanism includes a short transmission shaft and a long transmission shaft arranged coaxially, one end of the long transmission shaft is connected to the main transmission shaft through a third coupling, and the other end of the long transmission shaft is connected to the short transmission shaft through a fourth coupling, and the short transmission shaft is connected to a driving pinion by a key.

[0017] Further preferably, the reduction ratio between the rotary impact gear and the driving pinion is smaller than the reduction ratio between the hollow gear shaft and the pinion.

[0018] A working method of the rock drilling rotary percussion device with adjustable impact energy includes a hydraulic impact mode and an electric impact mode. In the hydraulic impact mode, the rock drilling rotary percussion device is used for rock drilling in high-hardness rock formations; in the electric impact mode, the rock drilling rotary percussion device is used for rock drilling in soft rock formations or rock drilling positioning work.

[0019] In the hydraulic impact mode, the hydraulic impact mechanism works and the electric impact mechanism stops working. At this time, the electromagnetic component is powered off, and the sliding sleeve and the tapered sleeve are disconnected; the reversing valve of the hydraulic impact mechanism controls the high-pressure oil to flow into the rear chamber or the front chamber, and the high-pressure oil pushes the impact piston to perform low-frequency reciprocating linear motion to impact the drill tail; at the same time, the hydraulic motor of the rotary buffer assembly drives the drill tail and the rotary impact gear of the rotary impact mechanism to rotate through the transmission mechanism; the circumferential impact assembly inside the rotary impact gear performs intermittent rotary impact on the drill tail, causing the drill tail to perform pulsed rotary impact drilling.

[0020] In the electric impact mode, the hydraulic impact mechanism stops working and the electric impact mechanism starts working. At this time, the electromagnetic component is energized, and the sleeve and the tapered sleeve are connected; the motor of the electric impact mechanism drives the slot shaft to rotate, and the slot shaft drives the sleeve to perform high-frequency linear reciprocating motion through the guide block, thereby driving the impact piston to perform high-frequency reciprocating impact motion on the drill tail. At the same time, the hydraulic motor of the rotary buffer component drives the drill tail and the rotary impact gear of the rotary impact mechanism to rotate through the transmission mechanism; the circumferential impact component inside the rotary impact gear performs intermittent rotary impact on the drill tail, causing the drill tail to perform pulsed rotary impact drilling.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts an electric impact mechanism and a hydraulic impact mechanism with adjustable working modes to achieve adjustable impact energy, thus solving the problems of the prior art rock drilling device, such as a single impact frequency, a small impact energy range, and low rock drilling efficiency. The rotary buffer assembly cooperates with the rotary impact mechanism to drive the drill tail to rotate in a pulsed manner around the central axis, thus solving the problem of the rock drilling device in the prior art being prone to drill jamming. 2. The rock drilling rotary impact device of the present invention selects different impact assemblies according to the different hardness and structure of rocks; when drilling for positioning and completely crushing the rock, a high-frequency, low-impact-energy electric impact assembly is used; in the intermediate high-hardness rock area, a low-frequency, high-impact-energy hydraulic impact assembly is used, which can not only adapt to different rock drilling needs, but also improve rock drilling efficiency. 3. The rotary buffer assembly and rotary impact mechanism of the present invention utilize the same drive element, and through transmission mechanisms with different reduction ratios, the rotational speed of the rotary impact gear is greater than the rotational speed of the hollow gear shaft, and thus greater than the rotational speed of the drill tail. This results in instantaneous circumferential acceleration of the drill tail, enabling the circumferential impact assembly within the rotary impact gear to perform intermittent rotary impacts on the drill tail, preventing drill bit sticking and improving rock crushing. 4. The present invention has a compact overall structure and, while ensuring smooth and safe drilling, improves drilling effectiveness and efficiency. The rotary impact assembly solves problems such as drill bit sticking, avoids energy waste, and is highly practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a partial schematic diagram of the electric impact mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3It is a partial schematic diagram of the rotary buffer assembly of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a partial schematic diagram of the rotary impact mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Center AA view.

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Middle BB view.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary punch gear structure.

[0030] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the matching status of the grooved shaft and the sliding sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown in Example 1, a rock drilling rotary impact device with adjustable impact energy includes an impact piston 201 and a shank 106, as well as an electric impact mechanism 200 and a hydraulic impact mechanism 400 arranged in parallel and used to drive the impact piston 201 to reciprocate. The parallel arrangement here is only a functional limitation, not a structural limitation, that is, the electric impact mechanism 200 and the hydraulic impact mechanism 400 perform one of the operations. The rear end of the shank 106 is connected to the impact end of the impact piston 201 through a rotary buffer assembly 300; the reciprocating motion of the impact piston 201 impacts the shank 106, causing the shank to perform an impact action. The front end of the shank 106 is connected to the rotary impact mechanism 100, and the rotary buffer assembly 300 cooperates with the rotary impact mechanism 100 to drive the shank 106 to rotate in a pulsed manner around its central axis. The rock drilling rotary impact device of the above structure selects different impact components according to the different hardness and structure of rocks; when drilling positioning and completely crushing the rock, a high-frequency, low-impact energy electric impact component is used; in the middle high-hardness rock area, a low-frequency, high-impact energy hydraulic impact component is used, which can not only adapt to different rock drilling needs, but also achieve improved rock drilling efficiency.

[0033] like Figure 2As shown, the electric impact mechanism 200, which is preferably described in this embodiment, includes a first housing 209, which is secured to a base plate 229 via a backing plate 228 to ensure stability and reduce vibration. A motor 227, a slotted shaft 215, and a sleeve 205 are housed within the first housing 209. The motor 227 is connected to the base plate via a motor bracket 226. The slotted shaft 215 is horizontally rotatable within the first housing via a tapered roller bearing I 213. The ends of the slotted shaft are sealed by an end cap 214. A gasket 210 is positioned between the end cap 214 and the first housing, and the end cap 214 is secured to the first housing via a hexagonal screw 211, providing a dust-proof seal. A washer 212 is positioned between the hexagonal screw 211 and the first housing. To further enhance the dust-proof seal, a sealing ring I 220 is positioned between the end cap and the first housing. The motor 227 drives the groove shaft 215 to rotate through the first transmission mechanism. The groove shaft 215 is provided with a rail groove 230. The sleeve 205 is slidably arranged in the first shell 209 and the sleeve 205 is provided with a guide block 206 that cooperates with the rail groove 230. The rotation of the groove shaft 215 drives the sleeve 205 to perform linear reciprocating motion; the guide block 206 and the rail groove 230 form a cam mechanism, which converts the rotation of the groove shaft 215 into linear reciprocating motion of the sleeve 205.

[0034] like Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the sleeve 205 is preferably connected to the impact piston 201 via an electromagnetic assembly. Specifically, the electromagnetic assembly includes a coil 204 disposed within a first housing 209, an electromagnetic chuck 203 secured to the sleeve 205, and a tapered sleeve 202 that magnetically engages the electromagnetic chuck 203. The tapered sleeve 202 is secured to the end of the impact piston 201. When the electromagnetic assembly is energized, the electromagnetic chuck 203 attracts and connects the sleeve 205 and the tapered sleeve 202. When the electromagnetic assembly is de-energized, the sleeve 205 and the tapered sleeve 202 are disconnected, enabling rapid switching between hydraulic and electric impact modes.

[0035] like Figure 6As shown, the first transmission mechanism in this embodiment includes a gear shaft 219 and a first gear 216. Gear shaft 219 is horizontally rotatably mounted within the first housing via a tapered roller bearing II 218 and is arranged parallel to the slotted shaft 215. The input end of gear shaft 219 passes through a transparent cover 221 and is connected to the output shaft of a motor 227 via a first coupling 224. A key 225 can be used to connect the input shaft and the first coupling. The transparent cover 221 is secured to the first housing via bolts 222, with a gasket 223 positioned between the first housing and the transparent cover. The first gear 216 is connected to the slotted shaft 215 via a key 208. A sleeve 207 is provided on the slotted shaft 215 to secure the first gear 216. The first gear 216 meshes with the gear portion of the gear shaft 219. The motor drives the first gear and the slotted shaft to rotate via the gear shaft. The motor then drives the sleeve 205 to perform linear reciprocating motion via a guide block 206 that engages with the track groove 230.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, Example 2 is a rock drilling and rotary impact device with adjustable impact energy. Based on Example 1, this embodiment is preferred: the hydraulic impact mechanism 400 includes a cylinder body 404, and the impact piston 201 is arranged in the cylinder body 404. A front chamber 401, a middle chamber 402 and a rear chamber 403 are formed between the inner wall of the cylinder body 404 and the impact piston 201. A reversing valve 405 for controlling the connection between the high-pressure oil and the front chamber 401 or the rear chamber 403 is provided on the cylinder body 404. The front chamber 401, the middle chamber 402 or the rear chamber 403 are dynamically connected to the oil tank.

[0037] During the piston stroke, the reversing valve 405 controls the flow of high-pressure oil into the rear chamber 403, connecting the front chamber 401 and the middle chamber 402 with the oil tank. The high-pressure oil pushes the impact piston 201 forward until the impact piston 201 moves to connect the rear chamber 403 and the middle chamber 402, at which point the stroke is completed. During the piston return stroke, the reversing valve 405 switches and controls the flow of high-pressure oil into the front chamber 401, connecting the rear chamber 403 and the middle chamber 402 with the oil tank. The high-pressure oil pushes the impact piston 201 backward until the impact piston 201 moves to connect the front chamber 401 and the middle chamber 402, at which point the return stroke is completed. This reciprocating motion achieves repeated collisions between the impact piston 201 and the drill adapter 106, achieving a rock-breaking effect.

[0038] like Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, it is preferred that: the rotary buffer assembly 300 includes a second housing 312 and a hydraulic motor 311, and the second housing is sealed and fixedly connected to the first housing. A buffer assembly and a hollow gear shaft 302 are arranged in the second housing 312. The front and rear ends of the hollow gear shaft are rotatably arranged in the second housing through a front tapered roller bearing 307 and a rear tapered roller bearing 303 respectively. The front end of the hollow gear shaft 302 is fixedly provided with a first quadrangular sleeve 301 corresponding to the front and rear of the buffer assembly, and the tail of the shank 106 is inserted into the first quadrangular sleeve 301 and is slidably connected to the first quadrangular sleeve 301; the first quadrangular sleeve 301 is plugged into the hollow gear shaft and fixedly matched to achieve synchronous rotation of the first quadrangular sleeve with the hollow gear shaft; while the shank 106 rotates with the first quadrangular sleeve 301, it can move back and forth relative to the first quadrangular sleeve. The front portion of the impact piston 201 is inserted into and slidably engages the buffer assembly, allowing it to directly impact the shank adapter, thereby breaking the rock. Simultaneously, the buffer assembly effectively cushions the opposing force from the shank adapter. The hollow gear shaft 302 is connected to the hydraulic motor 311 via a second transmission mechanism. This drives the hollow gear shaft 302 and the shank adapter 106 to rotate synchronously, enabling the shank adapter 106 to spin and break the rock.

[0039] As an implementation, the buffer assembly described in this embodiment includes a buffer sleeve 304 and a buffer piston 313. The buffer sleeve 304 is disposed within the hollow gear shaft 302 and corresponds to the front and rear of the first quadrangular sleeve 301. The buffer piston 313 is located within the second housing 312 and corresponds to the buffer sleeve 304, ensuring that the force received by the buffer sleeve 304 is transmitted to the buffer piston 313. Two hydraulic oil chambers, connected by one-way valves, are provided between the buffer piston 313 and the second housing 312. The hydraulic oil in these hydraulic chambers controls the buffer piston 313 to buffer the reverse impact of the shank adapter 106. When the shank adapter 106 experiences a reverse impact, the impact force is transmitted to the buffer piston 313 through the buffer sleeve 304. Two hydraulic oil chambers, connected by one-way valves, are provided between the buffer piston 313 and the housing. The movement of the buffer piston 313 increases the pressure within the hydraulic oil chambers, thereby mitigating the reverse impact of the shank adapter 106.

[0040] As an implementation, the second transmission mechanism in this embodiment includes a main transmission shaft 309, which can be rotationally connected to the second housing using bearings. One end of the main transmission shaft 309 is connected to the output shaft of a hydraulic motor 311 via a second coupling 310. A pinion 308 is provided on the main transmission shaft 309, which meshes with the gear portion of the hollow gear shaft 302. Under the action of the hydraulic motor, the main transmission shaft 309 rotates the pinion 308, which in turn rotates the hollow gear shaft 302 and the first quadrangular sleeve, thereby rotating the shank. The shank then undergoes rotational impact under the action of the impact mechanism, rapidly crushing the rock.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, embodiment 3 is a rock drilling rotary impact device with adjustable impact energy. Based on embodiment 1 or 2, this embodiment is preferred: the rotary impact mechanism 100 includes a third shell 109, and the third shell 109 is connected to the second shell 312 by a screw 107. The third shell is connected to the bottom plate 229 by a bottom pad 120 to ensure its stability while reducing vibration. The third shell 109 is provided with a meshing rotary impact gear 102 and a driving pinion 112; the rotary impact gear 102 is rotatably set in the third shell through a bearing 110, and a second quadrangular sleeve 108 is provided at one end of the rotary impact gear close to the first quadrangular sleeve 301. The second quadrangular sleeve 108 is sleeved on the limit and fixed in the third shell. The end of the second quadrangular sleeve supports the rotary impact gear to ensure the stable rotation of the rotary impact gear. The driving pinion is located below the rotary impact gear. The shank adapter 106 is inserted into the rotary impact gear 102 and mates with a circumferential impact assembly mounted thereon. This assembly applies circumferential pulse impacts to the shank adapter, preventing sticking and enhancing rock crushing. The driving pinion 112 is connected to the hydraulic motor 311 via a third transmission mechanism. The hydraulic motor drives the driving pinion through the third transmission mechanism, which in turn drives the rotary impact gear, causing the circumferential impact assembly to perform circumferential pulse impacts on the shank adapter.

[0042] like Figure 5 、 7 As shown, in this embodiment, as a preference, the inner ring groove of the rotary punch gear 102 is provided with a coaxial arrangement, and one or more circumferential impact assemblies are provided in the inner ring groove. In this embodiment, three groups of circumferential impact assemblies are taken as an example, and the three groups of circumferential impact assemblies are arranged at equal angles along the circumference of the inner ring groove. The circumferential impact assembly includes a guide groove 121 provided on the wall of the inner ring groove. The guide groove is arranged along the radial direction. The guide groove 121 can adopt a dovetail groove to ensure the stable sliding of the impact slider. An impact slider 103 is slidably provided in the guide groove 121. A spring 101 is provided at one end of the guide groove 121 away from the shank 106. The free end of the spring 101 is connected to the impact slider 103, and the spring is used for the rapid reset of the impact slider. A stopper 105 is provided at one end of the guide groove 121 close to the shank 106 to prevent the impact slider 103 from slipping. The stopper 105 is fixed in the rotary punch gear 102 by a hexagon socket screw 104. Ear blocks 122 corresponding to the impact slider 103 are provided on the circumference of the shank 106. When the rotary impact gear rotates, the impact slider impacts toward the shank, causing the impact slider 103 to intermittently impact the ear blocks 122, driving the shank 106 to perform pulsed rotation; after the impact is completed, the impact slider quickly resets under the action of the spring.

[0043] In this embodiment, the third transmission mechanism preferably includes a coaxially arranged short drive shaft 114 and a long drive shaft 305. The long drive shaft is coaxially arranged with the main drive shaft. One end of the long drive shaft 305 is connected to the main drive shaft 309 via a third coupling 306, and the other end of the long drive shaft 305 is connected to the short drive shaft 114 via a fourth coupling 119. The short drive shaft 114 is connected to a driving pinion 112 via a key 111. The outer end of the short drive shaft is sealed and fixed by an end cap 113, which is connected to the third housing via screws 116. A gasket 117 is provided between the end cap and the third housing. The short drive shaft is rotatably disposed within the third housing via a bearing 115 and is provided with a sealing ring 118 between the third housing and the short drive shaft.

[0044] In this embodiment, the reduction ratio between the rotary impact gear 102 and the driving pinion 112 is smaller than the reduction ratio between the hollow gear shaft 302 and the pinion 308. That is, because the reduction ratio of the rotary impact assembly 100 is smaller than that of the rotary buffer assembly 300, the rotational speed of the rotary impact gear 102 is higher than that of the shank adapter 106. Therefore, the impact slider 103 will strike the vertical lug on the shank adapter 106 along the guide groove 121 therein. Subsequently, the spring 101 is gradually compressed. Due to the high density and strong inertia of the impact slider 103, the shank adapter 106 undergoes instantaneous circumferential acceleration. Subsequently, the spring 101 gradually recovers, and the stopper 105 limits the position of the impact slider 103, preventing it from derailing. Due to the high rotational speed of the rotary impact gear 102, the impact slider 103 will strike the vertical lug on the shank adapter 106 again, causing the shank adapter 106 to continuously produce circumferential impacts.

[0045] Example 4, a working method of a rock drilling rotary percussion device with adjustable impact energy as described in Example 2 or 3, including a hydraulic impact mode and an electric impact mode. In the hydraulic impact mode, the rock drilling rotary percussion device is used for rock drilling in high-hardness rock formations; in the electric impact mode, the rock drilling rotary percussion device is used for rock drilling in soft rock formations or rock drilling positioning work.

[0046] In the hydraulic impact mode, the hydraulic impact mechanism 400 works and the electric impact mechanism 200 stops working. At this time, the electromagnetic component is powered off, and the sleeve 205 and the tapered sleeve 202 are disconnected. The reversing valve 405 of the hydraulic impact mechanism 400 controls the high-pressure oil to flow into the rear chamber 403 or the front chamber 401. The high-pressure oil pushes the impact piston 201 to perform a low-frequency reciprocating linear motion to impact the shank 106. At the same time, the hydraulic motor 311 of the rotary buffer assembly 300 drives the shank 106 and the rotary impact gear 102 of the rotary impact mechanism 100 to rotate through the transmission mechanism. The reduction ratio of the rotary buffer assembly 300 is greater than the reduction ratio of the rotary impact mechanism 100, that is, the rotation speed of the rotary impact gear is greater than that of the hollow gear shaft 3 02, which is greater than the rotation speed of the drill tail, the impact slider 103 will hit the vertical ear on the drill tail 106 along the guide groove 121 inside it, and then the spring 101 will be gradually compressed. Due to the high density and strong inertia of the impact slider 103, the drill tail 106 will produce instantaneous circumferential acceleration, and then the spring will reset the impact slider, and this will be repeated, so that the circumferential impact component inside the rotary impact gear 102 will perform intermittent rotary impact on the drill tail 106, and finally the drill tail 106 will perform pulsed rotary impact rock drilling to prevent the drill from getting stuck and improve the rock crushing effect; in this mode, the impact frequency of the rock drilling rotary impact device is low, about 50Hz, but the impact energy is large, which is suitable for high hardness rock areas.

[0047] In the electric impact mode, the hydraulic impact mechanism 400 stops working and the electric impact mechanism 200 works. At this time, the electromagnetic component is energized, and the sleeve 205 is connected to the tapered sleeve 202. The motor 227 of the electric impact mechanism 200 drives the groove shaft 215 to rotate. The groove shaft 215 drives the sleeve 205 to perform high-frequency linear reciprocating motion through the guide block 206, thereby driving the impact piston 201 to perform high-frequency reciprocating impact on the shank 106. At the same time, the hydraulic motor 311 of the rotary buffer assembly 300 drives the shank 106 and the rotary impact gear 102 of the rotary impact mechanism 100 to rotate through the transmission mechanism. The reduction ratio of the rotary buffer assembly 300 is greater than the reduction ratio of the rotary impact mechanism 100, that is, the rotation speed of the rotary impact gear is greater than that of the hollow gear. The rotation speed of the wheel shaft 302 is greater than the rotation speed of the drill tail. The impact slider 103 will hit the vertical ear on the drill tail 106 along the guide groove 121 inside it. Then the spring 101 is gradually compressed. Due to the high density and strong inertia of the impact slider 103, the drill tail 106 produces instantaneous circumferential acceleration. Then the spring resets the impact slider, and this is repeated, so that the circumferential impact component inside the rotary impact gear 102 performs intermittent rotary impact on the drill tail 106, and finally the drill tail 106 performs pulsed rotary impact rock drilling, which prevents the drill from getting stuck and improves the rock crushing effect. In this mode, the impact frequency of the rock drilling rotary impact device is relatively high, about 100 Hz, but the impact energy is relatively small, which is suitable for rock drilling positioning or complete crushing of softer rocks.

[0048] Compared with the existing technology, the use of this rock drilling rotary impact device with adjustable impact energy solves the problems of the existing rock drilling device such as single impact frequency, small impact energy range, low rock drilling efficiency, and easy drill jamming. Therefore, this solution improves the rock drilling effect and efficiency on the basis of ensuring the smooth and safe rock drilling process. By rotating the impact component, problems such as drill jamming are solved, and energy waste is avoided.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rock drilling rotary percussion device with adjustable impact energy, comprising an impact piston (201) and a drill tail (106), characterized in that: It also includes an electric impact mechanism (200) and a hydraulic impact mechanism (400) which are arranged in parallel and are used to drive the impact piston (201) to reciprocate; the tail of the shank (106) is correspondingly connected to the impact end of the impact piston (201) through a rotary buffer assembly (300); the front of the shank (106) is connected to the rotary impact mechanism (100); the rotary buffer assembly (300) and the rotary impact mechanism (100) cooperate to drive the shank (106) to perform pulsed rotation around the central axis; The electric impact mechanism (200) includes a first housing (209), wherein a motor (227), a slotted shaft (215), and a sliding sleeve (205) are provided in the first housing (209), wherein the motor (227) drives the slotted shaft (215) to rotate via a first transmission mechanism, wherein the slotted shaft (215) is provided with a rail groove (230), wherein the sliding sleeve (205) is slidably arranged in the first housing (209), and wherein the sliding sleeve (205) is provided with a guide block (206) that matches the rail groove (230), wherein the slotted shaft (215) rotates to drive the sliding sleeve (205) to perform linear reciprocating motion; wherein the sliding sleeve (205) is connected to the impact piston (201) via an electromagnetic component; The electromagnetic assembly comprises a coil (204) arranged in a first housing (209), an electromagnetic suction cup (203) fixed on a sliding sleeve (205), and a conical sleeve (202) capable of magnetically engaging with the electromagnetic suction cup (203); the conical sleeve (202) is fixed to the end of the impact piston (201); when the electromagnetic assembly is energized, the sliding sleeve (205) and the conical sleeve (202) are adsorbed and connected via the electromagnetic suction cup (203); when the electromagnetic assembly is de-energized, the sliding sleeve (205) and the conical sleeve (202) are disconnected; The hydraulic impact mechanism (400) comprises a cylinder (404), an impact piston (201) is disposed in the cylinder (404), a front chamber (401), a middle chamber (402), and a rear chamber (403) are formed between the inner wall of the cylinder (404) and the impact piston (201), a reversing valve (405) is provided on the cylinder (404) for controlling the communication between high-pressure oil and the front chamber (401) or the rear chamber (403), and the front chamber (401), the middle chamber (402), or the rear chamber (403) are dynamically connected to the oil tank.

2. The rock drilling rotary percussion device with adjustable impact energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transmission mechanism includes a gear shaft (219) and a first gear (216). The gear shaft (219) is connected to the output shaft of the motor (227) via a first coupling (224). The first gear (216) is connected to the slotted shaft (215) via a key and meshes with the gear portion of the gear shaft (219).

3. The rock drilling rotary percussion device with adjustable impact energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the piston stroke, the reversing valve (405) controls the high-pressure oil to flow into the rear chamber (403), and the front chamber (401) and the middle chamber (402) are connected to the oil tank. The high-pressure oil pushes the impact piston (201) to move forward until the impact piston (201) moves to connect the rear chamber (403) and the middle chamber (402). At this time, the stroke is completed; When the piston returns, the reversing valve (405) changes direction and controls the high-pressure oil to flow into the front chamber (401), and the rear chamber (403) and the middle chamber (402) are connected to the oil tank. The high-pressure oil pushes the impact piston (201) to move backward until the impact piston (201) moves to connect the front chamber (401) and the middle chamber (402). At this time, the return stroke is completed.

4. The rock drilling rotary percussion device with adjustable impact energy according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The rotary buffer assembly (300) comprises a second housing (312) and a hydraulic motor (311); the second housing (312) is provided with a buffer assembly and a hollow gear shaft (302); a first quadrangular sleeve (301) corresponding to the front and rear ends of the buffer assembly is fixedly provided inside the hollow gear shaft (302); the tail of the drill tail (106) is inserted into the first quadrangular sleeve (301) and is slidably connected to the first quadrangular sleeve (301); the front of the impact piston (201) is inserted into the buffer assembly and is slidably matched with the buffer assembly; the hollow gear shaft (302) is connected to the hydraulic motor (311) via a second transmission mechanism; and the hydraulic motor (311) drives the hollow gear shaft (302) and the drill tail (106) to rotate synchronously via the second transmission mechanism.

5. The rock drilling rotary percussion device with adjustable impact energy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buffer assembly comprises a buffer sleeve (304) and a buffer piston (313). The buffer sleeve (304) is arranged inside the hollow gear shaft (302) and corresponds to the first quadrangular sleeve (301) in front and back. The buffer piston (313) is located in the second housing (312) and is arranged corresponding to the buffer sleeve (304). Two hydraulic oil chambers connected by a one-way valve are provided between the buffer piston (313) and the second housing (312). The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil chamber controls the buffer piston (313) to buffer the reverse impact of the shank (106).

6. The rock drilling rotary percussion device with adjustable impact energy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second transmission mechanism includes a main transmission shaft (309), one end of which is connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor (311) via a second coupling (310), and a pinion (308) is provided on the main transmission shaft (309) and meshes with the gear portion of the hollow gear shaft (302).

7. The rock drilling and rotary percussion device with adjustable impact energy according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotary impact mechanism (100) includes a third housing (109), wherein a meshing rotary impact gear (102) and a driving pinion (112) are provided in the third housing (109), a shank (106) is inserted into the rotary impact gear (102) and is matched with a circumferential impact assembly provided in the rotary impact gear (102), and the driving pinion (112) is connected to a hydraulic motor (311) via a third transmission mechanism.

8. The rock drilling rotary percussion device with adjustable impact energy according to claim 7, characterized in that: An inner ring groove arranged coaxially is provided inside the rotary impact gear (102), and a circumferential impact assembly includes a guide groove (121) arranged on the wall of the inner ring groove, an impact slider (103) is slidably provided in the guide groove (121), a spring (101) is provided at one end of the guide groove (121) away from the drill tail (106), the free end of the spring (101) is connected to the impact slider (103), and a stopper (105) is provided at one end of the guide groove (121) close to the drill tail (106) to prevent the impact slider (103) from slipping off; an ear block (122) corresponding to the impact slider (103) is provided on the circumference of the drill tail (106), and the impact slider (103) intermittently impacts the ear block (122), driving the drill tail (106) to rotate in a pulsed manner.

9. The rock drilling rotary percussion device with adjustable impact energy according to claim 8, characterized in that: The third transmission mechanism comprises a short transmission shaft (114) and a long transmission shaft (305) arranged coaxially, one end of the long transmission shaft (305) being connected to the main transmission shaft (309) via a third coupling (306), and the other end of the long transmission shaft (305) being connected to the short transmission shaft (114) via a fourth coupling (119), and a driving pinion (112) being connected to the short transmission shaft (114) via a key.

10. The rock drilling and rotary percussion device with adjustable impact energy according to claim 9, characterized in that: The reduction ratio between the rotary punch gear (102) and the driving pinion (112) is smaller than the reduction ratio between the hollow gear shaft (302) and the pinion (308).

11. An operating method of the rock drilling rotary percussion device with adjustable impact energy according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: It includes hydraulic impact mode and electric impact mode. In hydraulic impact mode, the rock drilling rotary impact device is used for rock drilling in high-hardness rock formations; in electric impact mode, the rock drilling rotary impact device is used for rock drilling in soft rock formations or rock drilling positioning work; In the hydraulic impact mode, the hydraulic impact mechanism (400) works and the electric impact mechanism (200) stops working. At this time, the electromagnetic component is powered off, and the sliding sleeve (205) and the conical sleeve (202) are disconnected. The reversing valve (405) of the hydraulic impact mechanism (400) controls the high-pressure oil to flow into the rear chamber (403) or the front chamber (401), and the high-pressure oil pushes the impact piston (201) to perform low-frequency reciprocating linear motion to impact the drill tail (106). At the same time, the hydraulic motor (311) of the rotary buffer component (300) drives the drill tail (106) and the rotary impact gear (102) of the rotary impact mechanism (100) to rotate through the transmission mechanism. The circumferential impact component inside the rotary impact gear (102) performs intermittent rotary impact on the drill tail (106), so that the drill tail (106) performs pulsed rotary impact rock drilling. In the electric impact mode, the hydraulic impact mechanism (400) stops working and the electric impact mechanism (200) works. At this time, the electromagnetic component is energized, and the sliding sleeve (205) and the tapered sleeve (202) are connected. The motor (227) of the electric impact mechanism (200) drives the groove shaft (215) to rotate. The groove shaft (215) drives the sliding sleeve (205) to perform high-frequency linear reciprocating motion through the guide block (206), thereby driving the impact piston (201) to perform high-frequency reciprocating impact motion on the drill tail (106). At the same time, the hydraulic motor (311) of the rotary buffer component (300) drives the drill tail (106) and the rotary impact gear (102) of the rotary impact mechanism (100) to rotate through the transmission mechanism. The circumferential impact component inside the rotary impact gear (102) performs intermittent rotary impact on the drill tail (106), so that the drill tail (106) performs pulsed rotary impact rock drilling.

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