A wind energy recovery and utilization system and method based on tunnel piston wind

Abstract

The present invention discloses a wind energy recovery and utilization system and method based on tunnel piston wind, aiming to solve the problems of low conversion and utilization efficiency of tunnel piston wind energy and great installation safety hazards in the prior art. The system combines a wind power generation device with a piston air valve, utilizes the piston effect generated by the train running in the tunnel, captures wind energy twice in the forward and reverse directions, and realizes efficient recovery and utilization of piston wind energy through efficient wind energy conversion and electric energy storage mechanisms. The wind energy recovery and utilization system includes key components such as a piston air valve, a connecting device, a wind power generation device, an AC / DC conversion circuit, and a battery, which not only improves the wind energy conversion efficiency, but also ensures the safety of tunnel operation, and is suitable for energy conservation and emission reduction in urban rail transit and other fields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of tunnel energy saving, and in particular relates to a wind energy recovery and utilization system and method based on tunnel piston wind. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of urban rail transit in my country, its operating energy consumption has also been rising. However, the piston wind generated by the movement of trains in tunnels provides an opportunity for the recycling of wind energy. In rail transit systems, tunnels are mostly underground or through mountains. When a train runs in a tunnel, the air in front of the train is squeezed. Due to the limitation of the space formed by the tunnel wall, this part of the air cannot all flow around to the rear of the locomotive. Some of the air will inevitably be pushed forward by the train and obtain a certain flow rate. The rear end of the train has a negative pressure area at all times due to the continuous forward movement of the train, so it will inevitably bring about the flow of air behind, thus forming a tunnel piston wind. Taking the tunnel as an example, under theoretical conditions, the piston wind in the tunnel can reach about 9 m / s. Under actual measurement, the wind speed in the tunnel can reach 6-7 m / s, and the time lasts for 20 s, which meets the basic requirements of wind power generation.

[0003] Recently, some domestic papers have proposed using piston wind in tunnels to supply electricity to tunnel advertising lights or station lighting, but no relevant engineering examples have been reported. The reason is that, firstly, due to the limited cross-sectional area in the tunnel, it is difficult to miniaturize the wind capture device while ensuring the power generation efficiency; secondly, due to the requirement of ensuring the safety of tunnel driving, it is difficult to put it into use without the promulgation of installation specifications. However, for the purpose of tunnel pressure relief (and ventilation), piston air ducts are often provided at both ends of the station (the air duct connecting the piston wind pavilion and the section tunnel, the air duct exhausts when the piston wind is positive pressure, and the air duct intakes when the piston wind is negative pressure). As a result, part of the piston wind will be discharged or drawn into the tunnel through the piston air duct, thereby reducing the impact of the piston wind on the station environment. In order to control the opening and closing of the air duct and thus change the ventilation form of the tunnel and the station, a piston air valve is usually arranged at the junction of the tunnel top (the bottom plate of the station hall) and the air duct, or in the air duct. In view of the above-mentioned problem background, the present invention proposes a wind energy recovery and utilization system and method based on tunnel piston wind. By combining wind power generation devices with piston dampers, the goal of recovering energy and reducing costs can be achieved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to avoid the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a wind energy recovery and utilization system and method based on tunnel piston wind. By combining the wind power generation device with the piston air valve, the goals of safety, energy saving and operating cost saving can be achieved.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a wind energy recovery and utilization system based on tunnel piston wind, comprising: a piston air valve arranged in the piston air duct, the piston air valve having the function of adjusting the piston air flow rate and the base of the wind power generation device; a connecting device, including a wind collecting hood, a variable diameter air duct and a deflector, for adjusting the wind direction, wind volume and increasing the wind speed; a wind power generation device, including a vertical axis wind turbine, a wind power generation device circuit and a wind power generation device base, for converting wind energy into electric energy; an AC / DC conversion circuit, including an AC / DC rectifier and a bidirectional DC-DC converter, for realizing the conversion and regulation of electric energy; a battery for storing the converted electric energy; wherein the piston air valve automatically adjusts the opening and closing when a train passes, the connecting device increases the wind speed and air volume through the wind collecting hood, the variable diameter air duct and the deflector, the wind power generation device converts wind energy into electric energy through the vertical axis wind turbine and the wind power generation device circuit, and charges the battery through the AC / DC rectifier and the bidirectional DC-DC converter in the AC / DC conversion circuit to store the electric energy.

[0006] Optionally, the piston air valve is integrated with the wind power generation device to ensure the safety and stability of the system, while generating electricity twice by utilizing the forward and reverse piston winds generated by trains entering and exiting the subway station.

[0007] Optionally, the vertical axis wind turbine generates electricity, the wind power generation device circuit can effectively transmit electrical energy to the AC / DC conversion circuit, the AC / DC rectifier converts AC power into DC power, and the bidirectional DC-DC converter adapts to power conversion at different voltage levels to optimize power utilization efficiency.

[0008] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a wind energy recovery and utilization method based on tunnel piston wind, including: step 1: utilizing the piston wind generated by the running of the train to enter the piston air duct through the piston air valve; step 2: after adjusting the wind direction and wind volume through the connecting device, driving the vertical axis wind generator in the wind power generation device to generate electricity; step 3: the generated electric energy is transmitted to the AC / DC conversion circuit through the wind power generation device circuit, and converted into direct current through the AC / DC rectifier; step 4: after adjusting the voltage through the bidirectional DC-DC converter, the electric energy is stored in the battery for subsequent use.

[0009] Optionally, the method further includes: when the train passes, the piston wind generated in the negative pressure zone in the tunnel reversely enters the wind power generation device, and the process from step 2 to step 4 is repeated to achieve the recovery and storage of wind energy.

[0010] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, which has the following advantages:

[0011] (1) By combining the piston air valve with the wind power generation device, the kinetic energy of the piston wind is recovered, realizing the utilization of renewable energy in the tunnel transportation system.

[0012] (2) Since the power generation device is installed on the piston air valve instead of in the tunnel, compared with installing the wind energy recovery device in the tunnel, the wind energy recovery method based on the piston air valve ensures the safety of tunnel driving and saves the area required for installing the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a wind energy recovery and utilization system based on tunnel piston wind in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a 3D structural schematic diagram of a wind energy recovery and utilization system based on tunnel piston wind in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the positive wind of the wind energy recovery and utilization system based on tunnel piston wind in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of reverse wind of a wind energy recovery and utilization system based on tunnel piston wind in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] In the figure: 1. piston air duct; 2. mounting base; 3. piston air valve; 4. fixing bolts; 5. wind collecting hood; 6. variable diameter air duct; 7. vertical axis wind turbine; 8. wind turbine circuit; 9. wind turbine base; 10. AC / DC rectifier; 11. bidirectional DC-DC converter; 12. battery; 13. deflector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the wind energy recovery and utilization system and method based on tunnel piston wind is not limited to the piston air ducts exemplified, and it can be various air ducts connected to the tunnel through which the piston wind flows.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] A wind energy recovery system based on tunnel piston wind comprises a piston air valve arranged in a piston air duct, a connecting device, a wind power generation device, an AC / DC conversion circuit and a storage battery.

[0024] Among them, the piston air valve serves as the base of the entire power generation device on the basis of the original air valve function. At the same time, the connection between the air valve frame and the concrete foundation, and the frame and the valve plate needs to be properly reinforced to ensure the stable and safe operation of the entire system. The connecting device refers to the connecting device between the piston air valve and the wind power generation device. Its function is to support the wind power generation device and change the cross-sectional area of ​​the air flow through the air valve by reducing the cross-section to increase the wind speed of the connection section. The wind power generation device is used to convert the wind energy of the piston wind into AC power, and the AC-DC conversion circuit is used to convert AC power into DC power and charge the battery for energy storage.

[0025] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown in (a), when the train is running in the tunnel, piston wind is generated. The piston wind at the front end of the train enters the piston wind duct through the piston wind valve. When the piston wind passes through the connection device and the wind power generation device, the wind turbine generator impeller is driven by wind power to rotate, thereby collecting wind energy. The wind turbine generator is then connected to the AC / DC conversion circuit to convert AC power into DC power and charge the battery to store wind power.

[0026] Specifically, Figure 1As shown in (b), when the train completely passes through the piston air valve, there is a negative pressure area behind the rear end of the train, which causes the air flow behind the rear end of the train. At this time, the piston wind will enter the wind power generation device from the outdoor atmosphere through the piston air duct in reverse, allowing it to continue to generate electricity, and recharge the battery through the AC-DC conversion circuit, and finally flow into the tunnel through the piston air valve. Therefore, every time the train passes through an air duct, it can drive the corresponding wind power generation device to generate electricity (and store electricity) twice in the forward and reverse directions, so that the piston wind energy can be used for lighting or other power purposes.

[0027] In addition, the present invention also discloses a wind energy recovery and utilization system for tunnel piston wind, and the structure and working principle thereof will be introduced below to illustrate the wind energy recovery and utilization method for tunnel piston wind. Figure 2 shown.

[0028] Piston air duct 1

[0029] The piston air duct is an important component of the tunnel ventilation system. When the train is running at high speed in the tunnel, a "piston effect" will occur, that is, the air in front of the train is compressed and quickly pushed forward, and a negative pressure area is formed at the rear of the train, pulling the air flow behind. The piston air duct is the basis of the wind energy recovery and utilization system of the present invention. Through integration with the wind power generation device, the wind energy that may have been wasted is converted into electrical energy, further improving energy utilization efficiency and realizing green and sustainable operation of subway stations.

[0030] Mounting base 2

[0031] The mounting base serves as a support structure to ensure the stability of the piston damper, allowing the piston damper to be safely and reliably installed above the tunnel. Since the piston damper may be subjected to large wind pressure during operation, especially under the action of the piston wind generated by trains entering and leaving the station, the mounting base will ensure the stable operation of the damper and prevent the power generation system from being displaced or damaged.

[0032] Piston air valve 3

[0033] The piston air valve can automatically or manually adjust the opening according to the pressure change in the tunnel to balance the pressure difference inside and outside the tunnel. When the train runs at high speed in the tunnel, the timely opening and closing of the piston air valve can effectively alleviate the sudden change of pressure inside the tunnel and reduce the impact of wind pressure on the tunnel structure and station environment. At the same time, the piston air valve, as a part of the wind energy recovery and utilization system proposed in the present invention, is integrated with the wind power generation device to generate wind energy generated by the piston effect, thereby realizing the effective development and utilization of clean energy.

[0034] Fixing bolt 4

[0035] Fixing bolts are usually used in conjunction with nuts to fasten and connect the wind condenser and the installation base, ensuring that they can be firmly connected together to form a stable system structure. At the same time, the wind condenser and the installation foundation must be pre-processed before installation to ensure that the foundation is flat and stable to withstand the vibration and impact that may be caused by wind.

[0036] Wind hood 5

[0037] The function of the wind collecting hood is to collect and rectify the piston wind discharged from the piston air valve, to ensure the wind direction and wind volume of the piston wind entering the wind power generation device, thereby improving the efficiency of converting wind energy into electrical energy and improving the performance of the entire wind energy recovery system.

[0038] Variable diameter air duct 6

[0039] The variable diameter air duct is a device that connects the piston air valve and the wind power generation device. It can change the cross-sectional area of ​​the piston wind flow through by reducing the cross section to increase the wind speed. At the same time, the variable diameter air duct can effectively adjust the piston wind direction entering the air duct so that it is aligned with the axis of the wind turbine and improve the utilization efficiency of wind energy. As the cross-sectional area of ​​the variable diameter air duct gradually decreases, according to the Bernoulli principle, the wind speed will further increase, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine.

[0040] Vertical axis wind turbine 7

[0041] The main function of the vertical axis wind turbine is to generate electricity using the piston wind generated in the tunnel. When the piston wind is accelerated by the wind hood and the variable diameter wind duct, it drives the impeller of the vertical axis wind turbine to rotate, thereby converting wind energy into mechanical energy, and then converting it into electrical energy through the generator. At the same time, the main shaft of the vertical axis wind turbine is installed perpendicular to the ground. This design enables the vertical axis wind turbine to receive wind from any direction, thereby improving the efficiency of wind power generation.

[0042] Wind power generation device circuit 8

[0043] As an important part of wind power generation device, the wind power generation device circuit mainly transmits the electric energy generated by the wind turbine to the AC and DC circuits.

[0044] Wind power generation device base 9

[0045] The main function of the wind turbine base is to support and stabilize the wind turbine, providing a solid support platform for the wind turbine. The base ensures that the entire wind turbine is stable during operation and will not shake or move due to wind or other external factors.

[0046] AC / DC Rectifier 10

[0047] The main function of the AC / DC rectifier in the AC / DC conversion circuit is to convert the alternating current (AC) generated by the wind turbine into direct current (DC). Since wind turbines generate AC power, and most energy storage systems (such as batteries) and electronic devices require DC power to operate, the rectifier converts AC power into DC power through the rectification process, that is, using semiconductor devices (such as diodes or thyristors) to only allow current to flow in one direction. At the same time, the AC / DC rectifier also has the function of voltage stabilization, ensuring that the output DC voltage remains at a relatively stable level.

[0048] Bidirectional DC-DC Converter11

[0049] Bidirectional DC-DC converters are able to convert electrical energy from one voltage level to another and can also work in reverse. In AC-DC conversion circuits, bidirectional DC-DC converters allow electrical energy to be efficiently stored and released between the energy storage system and the main grid or load. For example, it can store energy in a battery when demand is low and release energy from the battery to power the grid or other equipment when demand is high.

[0050] Battery 12

[0051] The battery is composed of multiple single battery cells connected in series or in parallel, and is used to store the electricity generated by wind turbines and supply DC power. When the grid needs it, the energy can be released for lighting or other power systems.

[0052] Deflector 13

[0053] The main function of the deflector is to streamline the air, reduce resistance, and improve the efficiency of the inlet and outlet. The deflector can also make the piston wind smoother and more stable when entering and exiting, reduce the instability and resistance of the airflow, thereby improving the efficiency of power generation and reducing noise.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, all devices are placed in the piston air duct 1. When the train is traveling in the tunnel and approaches the piston air valve 3 in the open state, the air in front of the train is squeezed to form piston wind, and the piston wind enters the piston air duct 1 from the piston air valve 3.

[0056] Then the piston wind enters the connecting device, which includes a wind collecting hood 5, a variable diameter air duct 6 and a deflector 13 connected in sequence. At this time, the wind collecting hood 5 rectifies the piston wind so that the wind direction and air volume are stable, and the piston wind will continue to move forward through the variable diameter air duct 6. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the air duct gradually decreases, the wind speed of the piston wind will gradually increase, and after the wind speed reaches the maximum value, it will pass through the wind power generation device, and then the piston wind will flow through the deflector 13 and be discharged into the piston air duct 1.

[0057] The wind power generation device comprises a vertical axis wind turbine 7, a wind turbine circuit 8 and a wind turbine base 9. When the piston wind passes through the vertical axis wind turbine 7, the wind turbine impeller is driven by the wind to continuously rotate, and the generated electric energy is transmitted to the AC / DC conversion circuit through the wind turbine circuit 8.

[0058] The AC / DC conversion circuit includes an AC / DC rectifier 10 and a bidirectional DC-DC converter 11. When electric energy is transmitted to the AC / DC conversion circuit, it first enters the AC / DC rectifier 10 for AC / DC circuit conversion, then the DC circuit voltage is changed through the bidirectional DC-DC converter 11, and finally the battery 12 is charged to store the electric energy.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, all devices are placed in the piston air duct 1. When the train completely passes through the piston air valve 3, due to the negative pressure area at the rear of the train, the piston wind will flow into the tunnel from the piston air duct 1. At this time, the piston wind will first enter the connection device from the deflector 13. After the piston wind enters the connection device, it first passes through the vertical axis wind turbine 7, so that the wind turbine impeller rotates under the drive of wind power, and the generated electric energy is transmitted to the AC-DC conversion circuit through the wind power generation device circuit 8.

[0061] When the electric energy is transferred to the AC / DC conversion circuit, it first enters the AC / DC rectifier 10 for AC / DC circuit conversion, then the DC circuit voltage is changed through the bidirectional DC-DC converter 11, and finally the battery 12 is charged to store the electric energy.

[0062] After passing through the vertical axis wind turbine 7, the piston wind will enter the wind collecting hood 5 along the variable diameter wind duct 6. At this time, the wind collecting hood 5 will rectify the piston wind so that the wind direction is stable. Then, the piston wind will be discharged from the piston air valve 3 and finally enter the tunnel.

[0063] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A wind energy recovery and utilization system based on tunnel piston wind, characterized in that: include: A piston air valve (3) disposed in the piston air duct (1), the piston air valve (3) having the function of regulating the piston air flow rate and the base of the wind power generation device; The connecting device comprises a wind collecting cover (5), a variable diameter wind pipe (6) and a deflector (13), and is used to adjust the wind direction, wind volume and increase the wind speed; A wind power generation device, comprising a vertical axis wind power generator (7), a wind power generation device circuit (8) and a wind power generation device base (9), and used for converting wind energy into electrical energy; An AC / DC conversion circuit, including an AC / DC rectifier (10) and a bidirectional DC-DC converter (11), realizes conversion and regulation of electric energy; A storage battery (12) for storing the converted electrical energy; The piston air valve (3) is automatically adjusted to open and close when a train passes by, the connection device increases the wind speed and wind volume through the wind collecting cover (5), the variable diameter air duct (6) and the deflector (13), the wind power generation device converts wind energy into electric energy through the vertical axis wind power generator (7) and the wind power generation device circuit (8), and charges the storage battery (12) through the AC / DC rectifier (10) and the bidirectional DC-DC converter (11) in the AC / DC conversion circuit, thereby storing the electric energy; The piston air valve (3), the wind collecting cover (5), the variable diameter air duct (6), the deflector (13), the vertical axis wind turbine (7), the wind turbine circuit (8), the wind turbine base (9), the AC / DC rectifier (10), the bidirectional DC-DC converter (11), and the storage battery (12) are all arranged in the piston air duct (1); the piston air duct (1) serves as the basis of the wind energy recovery and utilization system, and converts wind energy that may be wasted into electrical energy through integration with the wind turbine. The piston air valve is integrated with the wind power generation device to generate electricity using wind energy generated by the piston effect; the piston air valve (3) is designed to be integrated with the wind power generation device to ensure the safety and stability of the system, and at the same time, the forward and reverse piston winds generated by the train entering and exiting the subway station are used to generate electricity twice; The connecting device refers to a connecting device between the piston air valve and the wind power generation device, and its function is to support the wind power generation device. The wind collecting cover (5) collects and rectifies the piston wind to stabilize the wind direction and wind volume; the variable diameter air duct (6) gradually increases the wind speed of the piston wind and makes the wind speed reach the maximum value. In addition, the variable diameter air duct (6) effectively adjusts the direction of the piston wind entering the air duct so that it is aligned with the axis of the wind turbine generator, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of wind energy; the main axis of the vertical axis wind turbine (7) is installed in a direction perpendicular to the ground and can receive wind from any direction, thereby improving the efficiency of wind power generation; the deflector (13) streamlines the air, reduces resistance, and improves the efficiency at the inlet and outlet, so that the piston wind is smoother and more stable when entering and exiting, thereby reducing the instability and resistance of the airflow.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The vertical axis wind turbine (7) generates electricity, the wind power generation device circuit (8) can effectively transmit electric energy to the AC / DC conversion circuit, the AC / DC rectifier (10) converts alternating current into direct current, and the bidirectional DC-DC converter (11) adapts to the conversion of electric energy at different voltage levels, thereby optimizing the efficiency of electric energy utilization.

3. A method for wind energy recovery and utilization based on tunnel piston wind applied to the wind energy recovery and utilization system based on tunnel piston wind as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: include: Step 1: The piston air generated by the running of the train enters the piston air duct (1) through the piston air valve (3); Step 2: After the wind direction and wind volume are adjusted by the connection device, the vertical axis wind turbine (7) in the wind power generation device is driven to generate electricity; Step 3: The generated electric energy is transmitted to the AC / DC conversion circuit through the wind power generation device circuit (8) and converted into direct current through the AC / DC rectifier (10); Step 4: After the voltage is regulated by the bidirectional DC-DC converter (11), the electrical energy is stored in the battery (12) for subsequent use.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The method further comprises: When the train passes, the piston wind generated in the negative pressure area of ​​the tunnel enters the wind power generation device in reverse, and the process from step 2 to step 4 is repeated to achieve the recovery and storage of wind energy.

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