A high-reliability mechanical trigger fuse for a self-destroying cluster bomb projectile

Abstract

The application discloses a high-reliability mechanical trigger fuse of a grenade launcher self-destruction warhead, which comprises a main structure framework of a body, an upper body, a ball seat and a pressure screw, and a series of mechanisms, including a percussion and large angle of incidence trigger mechanism, a centrifugal safety mechanism, a ground-touching explosion trigger mechanism, a ball rotor explosion-proof and delay explosion-proof release mechanism, an inertial trigger mechanism, a recoil safety and inertial trigger and centrifugal self-destruction mechanism, and a transmission explosion sequence. The generalized centrifugal safety mechanism of the explosion-proof mechanism is composed of the percussion and large angle of incidence trigger mechanism, the centrifugal safety mechanism and the ground-touching explosion trigger mechanism, the recoil safety mechanism of the explosion-proof mechanism is composed of the recoil safety and inertial trigger and centrifugal self-destruction mechanism, and the fuse redundancy safety is realized. The fuse has the functions of self-destruction, absolute fire and redundancy ignition (percussion, large angle of incidence, ground-touching explosion and three-way inertial ignition), the structure is designed in a fusion mode, the fuse space is fully utilized, the action reliability is high, and the explosion material is safe to handle after misfire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technology and field of grenade launcher fuzes, and in particular relates to a self-destructive high-reliability warhead mechanically triggered fuze for a grenade launcher. Background Art

[0002] Grenade launchers rely on the shock wave and fragments created by the explosion of the projectile to damage the target. They are characterized by low chamber pressure, small caliber, and light weight. Grenade launchers in Western countries generally have a caliber of 40mm.

[0003] Table 1 lists typical US 40mm caliber grenade launcher grenade fuzes, according to the US military manual "Overview of Current Fuzes" (MIL-HDBK-145C). As can be seen from Table 1, grenade launcher grenade fuzes target ground personnel or equipment. With the exception of the M733, which uses a delayed detonation mechanism, all other fuzes utilize either a warhead-activated instantaneous detonation or a combination of a warhead-activated instantaneous detonation and ground contact detonation. With the exception of the M733, which uses an in-line detonation sequence and lacks a safety, all other fuzes have two safety mechanisms: a centrifugal safety and a recoil safety. All lack self-destruct or fire-stopping features, making safe disposal of unexploded ordnance in the event of a fuze misfire impossible.

[0004] Table 1 Comparison of grenade fuze performance of US 40mm grenade launchers

[0005]

[0006] Table 2 lists the performance of grenade fuzes for typical Chinese grenade launchers. As can be seen from Table 2, all three types of fuzes are warhead-triggered, primarily utilizing target impact information to initiate ignition. Their ignition performance is poor at both large and small impact angles, making them unreliable in complex environments. The DRS / DFS87-35 and LZ-13 fuzes lack self-destruction and abort functions, while the DNS89 fuze has a self-destruct function but lacks abort function, making it impossible to guarantee the safe disposal of unexploded ordnance after a fuze misfires. Furthermore, the centrifugal safety mechanism of the LZ-13 fuze and the creeping safety mechanism of the DNS89 fuze cannot independently perform their safety functions and fail to meet the redundant safety requirements.

[0007] As can be seen from the above, current domestic grenade launcher grenade fuzes lack a self-destruct or fire-stop function, making them unable to guarantee the safe disposal of unexploded ordnance after a fuze misfire. According to GJB373B-2019, "Fuze Safety Design Guidelines," fuzes should possess explosive ordnance disposal characteristics to ensure safe disposal of ammunition.

[0008] Table 2 Comparison of grenade fuze performance of Chinese grenade launchers

[0009]

[0010] There are many factors that affect the transition of a fuze from the safe state to the released state and the completion of its intended firing function, including the ballistic environment and target characteristics, so fuze misfires are inevitable.

[0011] Most grenade launcher grenades are equipped with a warhead-activated mechanical fuze. With a warhead-activated fuze, the percussion trigger mechanism is coaxially located on the fuze head. When the projectile impacts the ground at a shallow angle, the fuze head is tilted and unable to strike the target or the ground, causing the percussion trigger mechanism to fail.

[0012] Small-caliber grenade launchers often experience issues with unreliable fuze firing due to their small projectile size, high training and combat usage, rapid velocity decay, wide variations in target characteristics, and diverse projectile-target encounter configurations. After a fuze misfires, it is very likely to remain in a dangerous armed state, with its sensitive explosive components still inoperable. Disassembling and removing unexploded ordnance often requires extensive movement, which can easily cause the fuze to fire accidentally. Disassembling and removing unexploded ordnance also requires specialized equipment and personnel, resulting in high costs. Currently, unexploded ordnance disposal often involves explosive detonation: a charge of high explosive is placed on a circular surface of the ordnance to be destroyed. The explosive detonation then detonates the warhead, thereby destroying the ordnance. The small caliber of grenade launchers makes them difficult to identify in environments such as training grounds or battlefields. Furthermore, due to their high training and combat usage, the number of unexploded ordnance is high, making destruction costly. If the fuze structure is changed during its design to give it a self-destruct function, the unexploded bomb can be destroyed on site, eliminating the need for additional explosives for detonation. It can also improve the safety of unexploded bomb handling, reduce the workload of explosives handling, and improve work efficiency.

[0013] Currently, most grenade fuzes used in typical Chinese grenade launchers are trigger fuzes, which utilize information from impact with the target to trigger ignition. This cannot guarantee the reliability of the fuze in complex environments. Therefore, considering the complexity of the fuze's operating environment, increasing the fuze's firing mode and utilizing different environmental forces to trigger ignition can significantly improve the fuze's reliability. However, due to the limited overall size of the fuze, small-caliber trigger fuzes are not suitable for designing complex structures to achieve the firing function.

[0014] It is particularly important to rationally utilize the internal space of the fuze and design a grenade fuze for a grenade launcher that has a sensitive ground-rubbing action, a simple structure, a reliable action, a self-destruct function, and good explosive disposal safety. Summary of the Invention

[0015] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-destructive, high-reliability warhead mechanical trigger fuze for a grenade launcher, thereby improving the firing reliability of the grenade fuze of the grenade launcher, reducing the misfire rate of the fuze, and also realizing self-destruction and fire-stopping functions, thereby improving the safety of explosive disposal of unexploded ordnance formed after the grenade fuze of the grenade launcher misfires.

[0016] The technical solution for achieving the objectives of the present invention is a self-destructive, high-reliability, mechanically triggered warhead fuze for a grenade launcher, comprising a body, a lower cover covering the upper portion of the body and connected by threads, a pressure screw extending into the lower portion of the body and connected by threads, and a ball seat extending into the upper portion of the pressure screw and secured by rivets. These four components together constitute the main structural framework of the fuze, which is used to accommodate the fuze mechanism and other components. The fuze mechanism is composed of the following components from top to bottom along the fuze axis:

[0017] An impact and high-angle triggering mechanism located at the head of the fuze and arranged along the axis;

[0018] Three identical centrifugal safety mechanisms are located on the side of the impact and large-angle trigger mechanism ring and are symmetrically arranged in the radial direction and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction;

[0019] A ground-wiping trigger mechanism located below the impact and large-angle trigger mechanism and arranged along the axis;

[0020] The ball rotor explosion-proof and delayed-release explosion-proof mechanism is located in the middle of the fuze, below the ground-wiping trigger mechanism and arranged along the axis;

[0021] 2 to 4 inertial triggering mechanisms are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction and arranged along the axial direction, located in the middle of the fuze ring and approximately at the same axis height as the ball rotor flameproof and delayed release flameproof mechanism;

[0022] The recoil safety mechanism located at the tail of the fuze and arranged along the axis serves as both an inertial trigger and a centrifugal self-destruct mechanism;

[0023] The detonation sequence located in the middle and tail of the fuze includes a needle-flame bidirectional input detonator located in the ball rotor, a detonating tube located in the recoil safety and inertial trigger and centrifugal self-destruct mechanism, and a detonating tube located in the pressure screw.

[0024] The four trigger mechanisms described above collectively constitute the fuze's redundant firing mechanism; the isolation ball serves as the primary explosion-proof component. The impact- and high-angle trigger mechanism, centrifugal safety mechanism, and ground-explosion trigger mechanism together constitute the explosion-proof mechanism's broad centrifugal safety mechanism, while the recoil safety mechanism, combined with the inertia trigger and centrifugal self-destruct mechanism, forms the explosion-proof mechanism's recoil safety mechanism, achieving fuze redundancy. When the fuze is fully armed—that is, when the isolation ball and the needle flame within it are bidirectionally fed into the detonator and turned upright—the fuze will fire as long as any one of the firing mechanisms fires, greatly improving the fuze's overall firing reliability.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0026] (1) It has five firing modes, namely, head impact firing, head ground rubbing firing, side forward inertia firing, tail forward inertia firing and tail centrifugal self-destruction firing, which can realize redundant firing and improve the reliability of the fuze.

[0027] (2) The structures of impact ignition, large-angle triggering and ground explosion are integrated into one design, and all ignition mechanisms share the needle-piercing flame bidirectional input detonator as the explosion element and the isolation ball as the main explosion-proof component, which simplifies the structure and helps to improve reliability.

[0028] (3) The application of the ball rotor and its isolation ball multi-hole fire transmission and flame needle bidirectional input detonator technology has achieved the functions of fire-proofing and self-destruction, thereby ensuring the safety of unexploded ordnance explosive disposal after the fuze misfires.

[0029] (4) The overall structure is compact along the axial direction, rationally utilizes the internal space, and fully meets the relevant design requirements of the "Fuze Safety Design Guidelines". In addition, most parts are of a rotating body configuration, which is easy to process and inspect, and has a low manufacturing cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a self-destructive high-reliability warhead mechanical trigger fuze of a grenade launcher in an assembled state along an axial cross-section.

[0031] Figure 2 The figure is a cross-sectional view of a self-destructive high-reliability warhead mechanical trigger fuze of a grenade launcher according to the present invention along the radial BB section; wherein the BB section passes through the axis of the centrifugal cylinder and is perpendicular to the fuze axis.

[0032] Figure 3 The present invention is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the upper body part of a self-destructive high-reliability warhead mechanical trigger fuze for a grenade launcher.

[0033] Figure 4 The figure is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a main body part of a self-destructive high-reliability warhead mechanically triggered fuze for a grenade launcher according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 The present invention is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a self-destructive high-reliability warhead mechanically triggered fuse cap seat component of a grenade launcher.

[0035] Figure 6 The present invention provides a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a firing pin component on a self-destructive, high-reliability warhead mechanically triggered fuze of a grenade launcher.

[0036] In the figure: 1 is a sealing plate, 2 is a cover plate, 3 is a percussion cap, 4 is a cap seat, 5 is an upper firing pin, 6 is a first spring, 7 is a second spring, 8 is an isolation ball, 9 is a needle flame two-way input detonator, 10 is a ball seat, 11 is an upper body, 12 is a main body, 13 is a pressure screw, 14 is a centrifugal cylinder, 15 is a baffle, 16 is a centrifugal spring, 17 is an inertia ball, 18 is a needle cap seat, 19 is a needle cap, 20 is a firing pin spring, 21 is a first firing pin, 22 is a gasket, 23 is a lower firing pin, 24 is a detonating tube shell, 25 is a centrifugal ball, 26 is a detonating charge, 27 is a cone spring, and 28 is a detonating tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] In the present invention, multiple mechanisms share the same component to complete their respective functions, so that the same component plays different roles in different mechanisms. The mechanisms are compactly arranged, making full use of the limited space inside the fuze, and helping to simplify the structure and reduce costs. Based on the functions and mutual coordination of the various mechanisms in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In this disclosure, references to "first," "second," and so on are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features being referenced. Thus, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this disclosure, "plurality" means at least two, such as two or three, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0040] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; "connection" can refer to mechanical connection or electrical connection. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0041] Combine Figures 1 to 6 A self-destructive, high-reliability, mechanically triggered fuze for a grenade launcher includes a body 12, an upper body 11 that covers the upper portion of the body 12 and is threadedly connected, a pressure screw 13 that extends into the lower portion of the body 12 and is threadedly connected, and a ball seat 10 that extends into the upper portion of the pressure screw 13 and is riveted to the body. These four components together constitute the main structural framework of the fuze, which is used to accommodate the fuze mechanism and other components. The fuze mechanism is as follows from top to bottom along the fuze axis:

[0042] An impact and high-angle triggering mechanism located at the head of the fuze and arranged along the axis;

[0043] Three centrifugal safety mechanisms are located on the side of the impact and large-angle trigger mechanism ring and are symmetrically arranged in the radial direction and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction;

[0044] A ground-wiping trigger mechanism located below the impact and large-angle trigger mechanism and arranged along the axis;

[0045] The ball rotor explosion-proof and delayed-release explosion-proof mechanism is located in the middle of the fuze, below the ground-wiping trigger mechanism and arranged along the axis;

[0046] 2 to 4 inertial triggering mechanisms are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction and arranged along the axial direction, located in the middle of the fuze ring and approximately at the same axis height as the ball rotor flameproof and delayed release flameproof mechanism;

[0047] The recoil safety mechanism located at the tail of the fuze and arranged along the axis serves as both an inertial trigger and a centrifugal self-destruct mechanism;

[0048] The detonation sequence located in the middle and tail of the fuze includes the needle-piercing flame bidirectional input detonator 9 located in the ball rotor, the detonating tube located in the recoil safety and inertial trigger and centrifugal self-destruction mechanism, and the detonating tube located in the pressure screw 13.

[0049] The four trigger mechanisms described above collectively constitute the fuze's redundant firing mechanism; the isolation ball 8 serves as the primary explosion-proof component. The impact- and high-angle trigger mechanism, the centrifugal safety mechanism, and the ground-explosion trigger mechanism collectively constitute the explosion-proof mechanism's broad centrifugal safety mechanism, while the recoil safety mechanism, combined with the inertia trigger and the centrifugal self-destruct mechanism, constitutes the explosion-proof mechanism's recoil safety mechanism, achieving fuze redundancy. When the fuze is fully armed, i.e., when the isolation ball 8 and the needle flame within it are bidirectionally fed into the detonator 9 and are in a positive position, the fuze will fire as long as any of the firing mechanisms fires, thereby greatly improving the fuze's overall firing reliability.

[0050] Furthermore, the impact and large-angle trigger mechanism can extend the fuze head to directly impact the target (including large-angle impact) when the safety is released. It is mainly composed of a sealing plate 1, a cover plate 2, a impact primer 3, a primer seat 4, an upper body 11, a firing pin 5, a first spring 6, a second spring 7, a main body 12, an isolation ball 8 and a needle-piercing flame bidirectional input detonator 9; the upper half of the outer contour of the upper body 11 is a hemisphere, and the lower half is a cylinder, and the two are smoothly connected in a tangential form; along the central axis of the upper body 11, there are five-step stepped through holes with gradually increasing diameters from top to bottom, which are the first-step hole, the second-step hole, the third-step hole, the fourth-step hole and the fifth-step hole, respectively, among which the fourth-step hole is a tapered hole, and the other four-step holes are cylindrical holes, and the lower half of the third-step hole is an internal thread.

[0051] The outer contour of the main body 12 includes seven cylinders from top to bottom, namely the first cylinder to the seventh cylinder, the diameter of the second cylinder is larger than the diameter of the first cylinder, the diameter of the third cylinder is the smallest, the seventh cylinder is provided with an external thread, the sixth cylinder is the tool withdrawal groove of the seventh cylinder (external thread), the diameter of the fourth cylinder is larger than the diameter of the first cylinder, the diameter of the fifth cylinder is the largest, and the diameter of the sixth cylinder is close to the diameter of the fourth cylinder. There are seven-step through holes along the central axis of the main body 12 from top to bottom, among which the diameters of the first three cylindrical through holes decrease successively, namely the sixth-step hole, the seventh-step hole and the eighth-step hole, among which a coaxial thin-walled ring with a height of 30% to 70% of the depth of the seventh-step hole is provided on the step surface between the seventh-step hole and the eighth-step hole, the inner diameter of the ring is equal to the inner diameter of the eighth-step hole, and the wall thickness of the ring is 0.3mm to 0.5mm. The diameters of the remaining four through holes increase successively, namely the ninth-step hole, the tenth-step hole, the eleventh-step hole and the twelfth-step hole, among which the ninth-step hole is a hemispherical hole opening downward, the tenth-step hole, the eleventh-step hole and the twelfth-step hole are all cylindrical holes, the tenth-step hole is smoothly connected to the ninth-step hole in a tangential manner, and the rest of the twelfth-step hole except for the end part of the internal thread is an internal thread. The outer contour of the primer cap 4 primarily comprises, from top to bottom, an eighth and a ninth cylinder. The top of the eighth cylinder is an arc-shaped surface, the radius of which is the same as the outer contour radius of the upper body 11. The diameter of the ninth cylinder is larger than that of the eighth cylinder. Six stepped through holes are provided along the central axis of the primer cap base 4 from top to bottom. The first four stepped holes are, in descending order, the thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth step holes. The diameters of the last two stepped holes increase in order, namely the seventeenth and eighteenth step holes. The seventeenth step hole is a frustum-shaped hole (i.e., a trumpet hole) with the large end facing downward. The remaining five stepped holes are cylindrical. Three radial blind holes, referred to as centrifugal blind holes, are evenly distributed along the circumference of the lower portion of the eighth cylindrical surface of the primer cap base 4. These holes are used to accommodate the centrifugal cylinder 14 of the centrifugal safety mechanism when assembled. This structurally provides safety for the primer cap base 4 and the percussion and high-angle firing mechanism. Furthermore, the centrifugal safety mechanism, i.e., the aforementioned generalized centrifugal safety mechanism, is also provided for the isolation ball 8 via the lower firing pin 5. A radial third fire transmission hole is provided at the bottom of each centrifugal blind hole on the primer seat 4, which is connected to the fifteenth step hole. The third fire transmission hole is connected to the side output end of the impact primer 3. The side wall of the seventeenth step hole on the primer seat 4 is provided with a fourth fire transmission hole which is uniformly distributed in the circumference and inclined and connected to the bottom and side wall of each centrifugal blind hole thereon. The fourth fire transmission hole is connected to the output end of the third fire transmission hole. The outer wall of the eighth cylinder on the primer seat 4 is in close contact with the inner wall of the first step hole of the upper body 11. The outer wall of the ninth cylinder on the primer seat 4 is in close contact with the inner wall of the sixth step hole of the main body 12. The primer seat 4 can move axially relative to the upper body (11) and the main body 12. The annular table between the first step hole and the second step hole of the upper body 11 cooperates with the annular table between the eighth cylinder and the ninth cylinder of the primer seat 4 to axially position the primer seat 4 after it extends outward. The radially distributed centrifugal safety mechanism (centrifugal cylinder 14) is stuck in the centrifugal blind hole on the side wall of the eighth cylinder of the primer seat 4, limiting the axial displacement of the primer seat 4 in the assembled state.The outer contour of the upper firing pin 5 includes the tenth cylinder, the eleventh cylinder, the twelfth cylinder and the thirteenth cylinder, whose diameters increase first and then decrease from top to bottom, and the frustum-shaped firing pin tip at the bottom, among which the eleventh cylinder has the largest diameter. The inner contour of the upper firing pin 5 is provided with a frustum hole (a trumpet hole with the large end facing upward), a cylindrical hole (i.e., a center blind hole) and a conical blind hole from top to bottom along the axis, among which the conical blind hole is a drill tip 2 art hole; four fifth fire transfer holes are evenly distributed and inclined along the circumferential direction on the side wall of the frustum hole (the trumpet hole with the large end facing upward) at the head of the upper firing pin 5, and the fifth fire transfer hole is connected to the output end of the fourth fire transfer hole and the sixth and seventh step holes of the body 12; the side wall of the twelfth cylinder of the upper firing pin 5 is evenly provided with four radial fifth fire transfer holes along the circumferential direction There are six fire transfer holes, the sixth fire transfer hole connects the central blind hole of the upper firing pin 5 and the sixth and seventh step holes of the main body 12. There are 2 to 4 inclined seventh fire transfer holes evenly arranged on the root end face of the firing pin tip below the upper firing pin 5 and the outer side of the firing pin tip. The seventh fire transfer hole connects the central blind hole of the upper firing pin 5 and is connected to the inner step hole of the vertical two-step stepped hole and the horizontal two-step stepped hole on the isolation ball 8 in the assembled state, that is, the flame input end of the detonator 9 for bidirectional input of the acupuncture flame. The outer wall of the eleventh cylinder of the upper firing pin 5 is close to the inner wall of the sixth step hole of the main body 12, and the outer wall of the thirteenth cylinder of the upper firing pin 5 is close to the inner wall of the eighth step hole of the main body 12, to ensure that the upper firing pin 5 can only make axial movement relative to the main body 12, and the upper end plane of the tenth cylinder is close to the fire The step surfaces between the seventeenth and eighteenth step holes of the cap seat 4 are in contact, thereby limiting the upward movement of the upper firing pin 5. The lower part of the upper firing pin 5 passes through the eighth step hole of the main body 12 and extends into the vertical two-step stepped hole on the upper part of the isolation ball 8. As a generalized centrifugal safety mechanism, the safety part of the safety mechanism usually limits the rotation of the isolation ball 8; the sealing sheet 1 is a cylindrical thin sheet made of self-adhesive tape, which is in close contact with the top surface of the upper body 11 and is fixed by self-adhesive bonding to achieve sealing; the cover sheet 2 is also a cylindrical thin sheet, which is located in the thirteenth step hole of the primer seat 4, is limited by the step surface between the thirteenth step hole and the fourteenth step hole and is fixed by spot rivets; the percussion primer 3 is a traditional needle-pierced primer, with the input end facing up and the output end facing down , located in the fifteenth step hole of the percussion cap seat 4, limited by the step surface between the fifteenth step hole and the sixteenth step hole and fixed by spot rivets at the opening of the fifteenth step hole, serving as the first explosive element for percussion firing, ground firing and high-angle firing; the first spring 6 and the second spring 7 are both cylindrical helical compression springs with opposite rotation directions, coaxially placed in the seventh step hole of the body 12, guided by the wall of the seventh step hole and the thirteenth cylindrical surface respectively, their upper ends contact the step surface between the eleventh and twelfth cylinders of the upper firing pin 5, and their lower ends abut against the bottom of the seventh step hole of the body 12. When assembled, they are in a compressed state. After the centrifugal safety mechanism releases the safety, they jointly push the upper firing pin 5 upward to release the safety of the isolation ball 8;The isolating ball 8 has a substantially spherical outer contour and is located within a quasi-spherical cavity formed by the ninth step hole (i.e., the downward hemispherical hole) of the main body 12 and the upward-pointing socket-shaped hole at the top of the ball seat 10. Its spherical outer contour contacts the walls of the ninth step hole (i.e., the downward hemispherical hole) of the main body 12 and the upward hemispherical hole of the ball seat 10. When both safety mechanisms are disarmed, the isolating ball 8 can rotate relative to the main body 12 along the hole walls around the center of the ball. Two horizontal stepped holes of gradually increasing diameter are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the center of the isolating ball 8 from the inside to the outside, with the outer stepped hole opening being a flat surface. Another two-step stepped hole is formed above the isolating ball 8 along the fuze axis. This two-step stepped hole is orthogonal to the horizontal two-step stepped hole and has a larger outer stepped hole diameter than the inner end stepped hole diameter. The lower half of the thirteenth cylinder of the upper firing pin 5 and the firing pin tip thereon are normally inserted into the outer end stepped hole of this vertical two-step stepped hole. Each horizontal outer stepped hole is secured with a pinprick flame bidirectional input detonator 9, with the pinprick input end facing outward and the flame input end facing inward. The pinprick input ends of these two pinprick flame bidirectional input detonators 9 also serve as the detonation output ends. These two pinprick flame bidirectional input detonators 9 have the same position and function, rotate in both directions, and can cause each other to detonate.

[0052] Furthermore, an annular groove is provided on the outer wall of the body 12, and 2 to 4 radial first fire holes are uniformly provided on the side wall of the annular groove along the circumferential direction, and the first fire hole is connected to the output end of the needle piercing cap 19. The side wall of the ninth step hole of the body 12 is uniformly provided with 2 to 4 inclined second fire holes along the circumferential direction, and the second fire hole is also connected to the output end of the needle piercing cap 19, and further through the gap between the ball rotor and its chamber, the horizontal fire hole in the center of the isolation ball 8, the vertical second-step stepped hole on the isolation ball 8 and the inner step hole of the horizontal second-step stepped hole, the needle flame bidirectional input detonator 9 in the isolation ball 8 in the explosion-proof state is released. end; the third fire transmission hole, the fourth fire transmission hole, the sixteenth step hole, the seventeenth step hole and the eighteenth step hole on the primer seat 4, the fifth fire transmission hole, the sixth fire transmission hole, the seventh fire transmission hole, the frustum hole, the center blind hole and the conical blind hole on the upper firing pin 5, the first fire transmission hole, the second fire transmission hole, the eighth step hole and the centrifugal blind hole on the body 12, the fourth step hole and the fifth step hole on the upper body 11, the axial gap and radial gap between the isolation ball 8 and its chamber, the vertical two-step stepped hole on the isolation ball 8, the inner step hole of the horizontal two-step stepped hole, and the horizontal fire transmission hole located in the center, together constitute the fire transmission channel for triggering the fuze and extinguishing the fire.

[0053] Furthermore, the centrifugal safety mechanism is mainly composed of a centrifugal cylinder 14, a centrifugal spring 15, an upper body 11 and a main body 12, and is located on the side of the impact and large-angle trigger mechanism ring. Three identical centrifugal safety mechanisms are symmetrically arranged in the radial direction and evenly distributed along the circumference. The outer contour of the centrifugal cylinder 14 is cylindrical, and a cylindrical blind hole is opened at the bottom, with the orifice radially facing outward. The circumferential outer wall of the centrifugal cylinder 14 contacts the radial cylindrical blind hole wall opened on the upper part of the sixth step hole side wall of the body 12, so that the centrifugal cylinder 14 can only move radially relative to the body 12; the centrifugal spring 15 is a cylindrical helical compression spring, and its two ends are respectively in contact with the inner wall of the baffle 15 and the bottom surface of the blind hole of the centrifugal cylinder 14, pushing the centrifugal cylinder 14 to be stuck in the centrifugal blind hole outside the eighth cylinder of the primer seat 4. When assembled, it is in a compressed state. Under the resistance of the centrifugal spring 15, the inner end face of the centrifugal cylinder 14 is close to the bottom of the centrifugal blind hole radially on the lower part of the eighth cylindrical surface of the primer seat 4, limiting the axial movement of the centrifugal cylinder 14, structurally realizing the insurance of the primer seat 4 and the impact and large-angle firing mechanism, and also realizing the generalized centrifugal insurance through the lower firing pin 5 to the isolation ball 8.

[0054] Furthermore, the ground-wiping explosion mechanism includes, from top to bottom along the central axis, a primer seat 4, an upper body 11, a main body 12, an upper firing pin 5, an inertia ball 17, a first spring 6, a second spring 7, an isolation ball 8, and a needle flame bidirectional input detonator 9. The first spring 6 and the second spring 7 are coaxially arranged and have the same action surface. They are used together to prevent the radial displacement of the inertia ball 17 under normal ballistic overload conditions, thereby axially pushing the upper firing pin 5 to trigger a ballistic explosion. The first spring 6 and the second spring 7 are provided to ensure that sufficient resistance required to prevent ballistic explosion is obtained within a limited space under strength conditions. The inertia ball 17 is located in the accommodating cavity formed by the seventeenth-step hole of the primer seat 4 (i.e., the trumpet hole with the large end facing downward) and the trumpet hole with the large end facing upward at the top of the upper firing pin 5, and is in tangential contact with the inner walls of the two trumpet holes and is limited by them.

[0055] Furthermore, the ball rotor explosion-proof and delayed release explosion-proof mechanism is mainly composed of a main body 12, a ball seat 10, a pressure screw 13, an isolation ball 8, a needle flame bidirectional input detonator 9, a lower firing pin 23, a detonating tube shell 24, an explosive charge 26 and a cone spring 27; the outer contour of the ball seat 10 includes three cylinders whose diameters first increase and then decrease from top to bottom, namely the fourteenth cylinder, the fifteenth cylinder and the sixteenth cylinder; along the central axis of the ball seat 10, there are five-step through holes whose diameters first decrease and then increase from top to bottom, namely the nineteenth step hole, the twentieth step hole, the twenty-first step hole, the twenty-second step hole and the twenty-third step hole, among which the nineteenth step hole is a ball socket-shaped hole with an opening upward, the twenty-second step hole is a frustum hole with a large end facing downward, and the remaining three step holes are all cylindrical holes, and the diameter of the nineteenth step hole on the upper end face of the fourteenth cylinder is close to the diameter of the twenty-first step hole. Between the upper end face of the fourteenth cylinder of the ball seat 10 and the stepped surface between the fifteenth and sixteenth cylinders, 2 to 4 eccentric axial through holes are evenly arranged along the circumference. The outer contour of the pressure screw 13 includes the seventeenth and eighteenth cylinders from top to bottom. The diameter of the seventeenth cylinder is larger than the diameter of the eighteenth cylinder, and the seventeenth cylinder is an external thread. Along the central axis of the pressure screw 13, there are five steps of cylindrical holes with decreasing diameters from top to bottom, namely the twenty-fourth step hole, the twenty-fifth step hole, the twenty-sixth step hole, the twenty-seventh step hole, and the twenty-eighth step hole. The ring surface between the twenty-seventh and twenty-eighth step holes is provided with a coaxial thin-walled ring with a height of about two-thirds the depth of the twenty-seventh step hole. The diameter of the twenty-eighth step hole is about four-fifths the inner diameter of the ring, and the wall thickness of the ring is about 0.4mm. The outer contour of the lower firing pin 23 includes the topmost truncated cone-shaped firing pin tip, the nineteenth cylinder and the twentieth cylinder from top to bottom. The diameter of the nineteenth cylinder is smaller than that of the twentieth cylinder. There are 4 to 8 radial blind holes evenly distributed along the circumference in the middle of the twentieth cylinder for accommodating the centrifugal ball (25). There are two-step stepped cylindrical blind holes with decreasing diameters from bottom to top along the central axis on the lower end face of the twentieth cylinder. The upper blind hole is located in the nineteenth cylinder and the twentieth cylinder, while all the lower blind holes are located in the nineteenth cylinder and the twentieth cylinder. Inside the twentieth cylinder; the circumferential outer wall of the fifteenth cylinder of the ball seat 10 is tightly against the inner wall of the twenty-fourth step hole of the pressure screw 13, and the bottom end face of the fifteenth cylinder contacts the annular table between the twenty-fourth step hole and the twenty-fifth step hole of the pressure screw 13, and is fixed by riveting the step surface between the fourteenth cylinder and the fifteenth cylinder of the ball seat 10 and the pressure screw 13 through the twenty-fourth step hole mouth, and the bottom end face of the sixteenth cylinder of the ball seat 10 contacts the annular table between the twenty-sixth step hole and the twenty-seventh step hole of the pressure screw 13 for limiting.The outer wall of the 20th cylinder of the lower firing pin 23 is in close contact with the wall of the 21st step hole of the ball seat 10 and the wall of the 27th step hole of the pressure screw 13, allowing the lower firing pin 23 to move axially relative to the ball seat 10. In the assembled state, under the resistance of the conical spring 27, the lower firing pin 23 is restrained by the contact surface between the 19th and 20th cylinders. The upper end surface of the 19th cylinder of the lower firing pin 23 is close to the bottom plane of the isolation ball 8. The firing pin tip on the 19th cylinder is inserted into the blind hole in the bottom plane of the isolation ball 8, restricting the rotation of the isolation ball 8 and structurally implementing a recoil safety for the isolation ball 8. The explosive charge 26 is loaded into the detonator shell 24, which is placed in the upper blind hole of the lower firing pin 23. The conical spring 27 is a conical spiral compression spring, the small end of which rests against the bottom end face of the 27th step hole of the compression screw 13, and the thin-walled circular ring between the 27th step hole and the 28th step hole is inserted into the conical spring 27 as its radial positioning, while the large end of the conical spring 27 rests against the annular table between the lower blind hole and the upper blind hole of the lower firing pin 23, so that the conical spring 27 is in a compressed state during assembly, preventing the lower firing pin 23 from moving downward in a reliable service processing environment and thereby releasing the recoil safety of the isolation ball 8.

[0056] u Further, the inertial trigger mechanism is mainly composed of a needle-pierced primer seat 18, a needle-pierced primer 19, a firing pin spring 20, a first firing pin 21, a gasket 22, an upper body 11, a main body 12, an upper firing pin 5, a needle-pierced flame two-way input detonator 9 and an isolation ball 8; wherein the needle-pierced primer seat 18, the needle-pierced primer 19, the firing pin spring 20, the first firing pin 21 and the gasket 22 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the eccentric axis of the side of the ball rotor mechanism, the number is 2 to 4 sets, and they are evenly distributed along the circumference to improve the reliability of the action; the outer contour of the needle-pierced primer seat 18 includes a twenty-first cylinder and a twenty-second cylinder with decreasing diameters from top to bottom, and the inner contour is two cylinders with decreasing diameters from top to bottom along the central axis. The stepped through holes are the twenty-ninth-step hole and the thirtieth-step hole, respectively; the outer contour of the first firing pin 21 includes the topmost truncated cone-shaped firing pin tip, the twenty-third cylinder and the twenty-fourth cylinder from top to bottom, the diameter of the twenty-third cylinder is smaller than the diameter of the twenty-fourth cylinder, and the side wall of the twenty-fourth cylinder is provided with an exhaust groove along the axial direction to prevent the formation of gas damping effect during the forward impact and affect the reliability of the stabbing ignition, the circumferential side wall of the twenty-fourth cylinder of the first firing pin 21 and the cylindrical blind hole wall on the side of the middle part of the main body 12 where it is located are matched with the clearance, so that the first firing pin 21 can move along the axis relative to the main body 12, and the lower end face of the first firing pin 21 is tightly against the upper end face of the gasket 22 under the action of the pre-compression resistance of the firing pin spring 20. The needle primer 19 is a traditional needle primer, which has a cylindrical outer contour, with the input end facing downward and the output end facing upward. It is located in the 29th step hole of the needle primer seat 18, is limited by the ring table between the 29th step hole and the 30th step hole and is fixed by spot riveting at the mouth of the 29th step hole, serving as the explosive element of the inertial ignition mechanism. The firing pin spring 20 is a cylindrical helical compression spring that is in a compressed state when assembled. One end of the spring abuts against the lower end surface of the needle cap seat 18, and the other end abuts against the step surface between the 23rd and 24th cylinders of the first firing pin 21. With the help of pre-compression resistance, the first firing pin 21 can be prevented from being subjected to a reliable accidental impact during the fuze service process in the assembled state and piercing the input end of the needle cap 19 through the 30th step hole of the needle cap seat 18; the gasket 22 is a cylindrical thin plate located at the bottom of the cylindrical blind hole on the side of the body 12 where the first firing pin 21 is located. It is used to slow down the rebound formed by the impact when the fuze head falls upward, that is, to reduce the upward movement of the first firing pin 21 when the fuze head falls upward, thereby improving safety. These 2 to 4 sets of inertial trigger mechanisms can achieve reliable ignition under the premise that the falling angle is greater than the friction angle between the material of the first firing pin (21) and the material of the stationary chamber. The friction angle is arctan(0.15)=8.5°~arctan(0.30)=16.7° (the friction pair surface has not been treated for friction reduction) or arctan(0.05)=2.9°~arctan(0.15)=8.5° (the friction pair surface has been treated for friction reduction).

[0057] Furthermore, the recoil safety and inertia triggering and centrifugal self-destruction mechanism is mainly composed of a main body 12, an isolation ball 8, a needle flame bidirectional input detonator 9, a ball seat 10, a pressure screw 13, a lower firing pin 23, a centrifugal ball 25, a detonating tube shell 24, a detonating charge 26 and a cone spring 27.

[0058] Furthermore, the detonation sequence of the fuze includes a percussion primer 3, 2 to 4 needle-piercing primers 19, two needle-piercing flame bidirectional input detonators 9, a detonating tube (including explosive charge 26 and detonating tube shell 25) and a detonating tube 28; the detonating tube 28 is located in a circular hole surrounded by a thin-walled circular ring on the step surface between the 27th step hole and the 28th step hole of the pressure screw 13, is limited by the ring table between the 27th step hole and the 28th step hole of the pressure screw 13, and is fixed by spot rivets on the upper end face of the inner hole of the circular ring.

[0059] The above is the assembly state of the fuze.

[0060] During the service handling phase, credible shocks and vibrations, including drops, bumps, and transport shock, will not cause the fuze to change its assembled state. When the fuze head falls downward, the sealing plate 1, cover plate 2, and upper body 12 may deform and compress, but they will not trigger the percussion cap 3. When the fuze is dropped laterally in a certain orientation, the centrifugal cylinder 14 and centrifugal spring 15 in a certain position of the centrifugal safety mechanism may move radially under the action of inertia, releasing their restriction on the axial movement of the percussion cap seat 4. However, because the centrifugal safety mechanisms are evenly arranged along the circumference and number three, they will not completely release the restriction on the axial movement of the percussion cap seat 4 at the same time. Furthermore, after the drop impact ends, the centrifugal cylinder 14 will return to its assembled state under the action of the centrifugal spring 15. When the fuze head falls downward, the first firing pin 21 will move closer to the primer assembly consisting of the primer seat 18 and the primer 19 therein because it is not fixed in the axial direction. However, due to the resistance of the firing pin spring 20 and the small impulse of the drop, the axial movement of the first firing pin 21 is not enough to pierce the primer 19. If the drop impact is unexpectedly too large, causing the first firing pin 21 to pierce the primer 19, then the redundant safety mechanisms of the isolation ball 8 in the fuze (the upper firing pin 5 in the centrifugal safety mechanism and the lower firing pin 23 in the recoil safety mechanism) are both in In the safety position (the upper firing pin 5 and the lower firing pin 23 are both inserted into the blind hole of the isolation ball 8 to limit the rotation of the isolation ball 8), it is ensured that even if one or all of the detonators 9 of the two-way input of the needle flame in the fuze are accidentally ignited, no dangerous fragments will be generated to the outside, and the detonating tube (including the explosive charge 26 and the detonating tube shell 24) and the booster tube 9 will not be detonated. No high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous products will escape from the fuze and enter the projectile explosive charging chamber. Neither the fuze booster charge nor the projectile will be accidentally ignited. The fuze enters a fire-proof state, which can ensure the safety of the service processing stage.

[0061] When the projectile is fired, before the projectile moves to the maximum chamber pressure point, the recoil force of the lower firing pin 23, the centrifugal ball 25, the explosive charge 26, the detonating tube shell 24 and the conical spring 27 causes the lower firing pin 23, the centrifugal ball 25, the explosive charge 26 and the detonating tube shell 24 to move axially downward, compressing the conical spring 27 so that the bottom annular surface of the lower firing pin 23 abuts against the inner annular surface of the bottom end of the pressure screw 13, and the centrifugal ball 25 is thrown out along the radial hole under the action of centrifugal force. When the projectile moves close to the muzzle, the projectile rotation speed gradually approaches the maximum value, and the centrifugal ball 25 uses its centrifugal force to hold the lower firing pin 23 in the ready-to-fire position close to the bottom of the recoil through the self-destructive slope at the bottom of the ball seat 10. At this time, the firing pin tip of the lower firing pin 23 moves axially downward from the lower blind hole of the isolation ball 8 to completely withdraw, releasing the restriction of the lower firing pin 23 on the rotation of the isolation ball 8, that is, releasing the recoil safety of the fuze.

[0062] As the projectile moves closer to the muzzle and its rotation speed approaches the maximum, the centrifugal cylinder 14 and the centrifugal spring 16 in the centrifugal safety mechanism move radially away from the central axis of the fuze under the action of centrifugal force until they completely enter the upper radial hole of the main body 12, releasing the restriction on the axial movement of the primer seat 4. The primer seat 4 pushes open the sealing plate 1 bonded to the top of the fuze under the joint action of the pre-compression resistance of the first spring 6 and the second spring 7. Then, under the continued action of the thrust of the first spring 6 and the second spring 7, the cover plate 2, the impact primer 3 and the primer seat 4 overcome the air resistance and move upward along the axis of the fuze and protrude outward from the fuze head. The upper firing pin 5 moves up from the upper blind hole of the isolation ball 8 to be fully extended, releasing the restriction of the upper firing pin 5 on the rotation of the isolation ball 8, that is, releasing the centrifugal safety of the fuze.

[0063] Before the projectile moves toward the end of the aftereffect period, due to the presence of recoil overload, the isolation ball 8 is pressed against the ball seat 10, and the friction torque generated keeps the isolation ball 8 in an assembled state. When the projectile moves toward the end of the aftereffect period and flies past the aftereffect period and enters the outer ballistic stage, the recoil overload is close to disappearing or completely disappears. At this time, it will be affected by creeping overload, but it is relatively small and has little effect on the movement of the isolation ball 8. Thereafter, the isolation ball 8 rotates under the action of centrifugal torque and rotates to the alignment position, i.e., the explosion-proof release position, beyond the safe separation distance of the projectile flying out of the muzzle (usually taken as 400 times the bullet diameter, which is about 12m to 20m in this case). At this time, the needle-piercing flame bidirectional input detonator 9 at one end of the isolation ball 8 is facing the firing pin tip of the upper firing pin 5, and the needle-piercing flame bidirectional input detonator 9 at the other end is facing the firing pin tip of the detonating tube and the lower firing pin 23. The axis of the needle-piercing flame bidirectional input detonator 9 coincides or nearly coincides with the bullet axis, and the fuze is in a state of completely releasing the explosion-proof.

[0064] When the projectile hits the target in a forward direction or at a large angle or a small angle of impact, the cover plate 2 and the target plate work together to strike the top of the primer 3 to ignite it, and its detonation products, especially the high-temperature and high-pressure gas and solid particles, are transmitted downward along the radial fire-transmitting holes and the inclined fire-transmitting holes of the primer seat 4 or the central channel of the primer seat 4, and enter the middle blind hole or directly enter the central blind hole and the lower fire-transmitting hole through the inclined fire-transmitting holes and the radial fire-transmitting holes of the upper firing pin 5, thereby igniting the needle-piercing flame bidirectional input detonator 9 at the upper end of the isolation ball 8 in the aligned state, and then detonating the needle-piercing flame bidirectional input detonator 9 at the lower end of the isolation ball 8 in the aligned state; or the primer seat 4 The upper firing pin 5 moves downward along the axis under the push of the target piece or the soil in the target area, so that the upper firing pin 5 directly pokes the needle-piercing flame two-way input detonator 9 at the upper end of the isolation ball 8 in the aligned state, thereby igniting it, and then detonates the needle-piercing flame two-way input detonator 9 at the lower end of the isolation ball 8 in the aligned state; when the projectile hits the target at a large angle, a small angle of fall or in a ground-grabbing posture, the inertia ball 17 moves laterally relative to the fuze along the lower inclined surface of the primer seat 4 and the upper inclined surface of the upper firing pin 5 under the action of lateral overload, pushing the primer seat 4 and the upper firing pin 5 to move in opposite directions and separate them by a certain distance, thereby pushing the upper firing pin 5 to move downward along the axis relative to the fuze, until The needle flame bidirectional input detonator 9 at the upper end of the isolation ball 8 in the aligned state is then pierced and ignited, and then the needle flame bidirectional input detonator 9 at the lower end of the isolation ball 8 in the aligned state is detonated; if the above-mentioned impact triggering effect fails accidentally, then later before the moment when the projectile head penetrates the target with the maximum resistance, the lower firing pin 23 together with the centrifugal ball 25, explosive charge 26, detonating tube shell 24 and the cone spring 27 therein will overcome the centrifugal force generated by the centrifugal ball 25 along the supporting reaction force generated by the self-destructive inclined surface of the lower end of the ball seat 10 under the combined action of its forward overload and the pre-compression resistance of the cone spring 27, and then move forward to pierce the aligned The needle-piercing flame at the lower end of the isolation ball 8 in the state is bidirectionally input into the detonator 9 to ignite it; at the same time, the first firing pin 21 in the inertial needle-piercing ignition mechanism overcomes the spring resistance of the firing pin spring 20 under the action of the forward overload and pierces the lower end of the needle-piercing primer 19 to ignite it, and its detonation products, especially the high-temperature and high-pressure gas and solid particles, directly follow the inclined fire transfer hole in the middle of the main body 8 or in sequence along the middle radial fire transfer hole, the radial fire transfer hole of the upper firing pin 5, the middle blind hole and the lower inclined fire transfer hole, triggering the needle-piercing flame bidirectionally input into the detonator 9 at the upper end of the isolation ball 8 in the aligned state to ignite, and then detonate the needle-piercing flame bidirectional input detonator 9 at the lower end of the isolation ball 8 in the aligned state.

[0065] If none of the above four triggering modes work reliably, then when the rotation speed decays to a certain critical value after the projectile hits the ground, the centrifugal force generated by the centrifugal ball 25 and the reaction force generated by the self-destruction inclined surface at the lower end of the ball seat 10 are insufficient to resist the resistance of the cone spring 27. The cone spring 27 will push the lower firing pin 23 to move upward. At the same time, the centrifugal ball 25 retracts into its radial hole, and the lower firing pin 23 pokes the needle flame at the lower end of the isolation ball 8 in the aligned state and inputs it into the lower end face of the detonator 9 in both directions, causing it to ignite. This is self-destruction ignition, which can help reduce unexploded ammunition and reduce the workload of explosive disposal.

[0066] Including the self-destruct ignition, the fuze of the present invention has five ignition modes. In each ignition mode, the needle flame bidirectionally input from the lower end of the isolation sphere 8 ignites the detonator 9. After the needle flame bidirectionally input detonator 9 ignites, a detonation is output at the lower end surface, shattering the firing pin tip of the lower firing pin 7, detonating the detonating tube (including the detonating charge 26 and the detonating tube shell 24), and then detonating the booster tube 9, completing the normal ignition and detonation process of the fuze.

[0067] If the isolation ball 8, which serves as the main explosion-proof component, is accidentally misaligned and the fuze is in a non-armed state, then when the predetermined target is hit in a forward direction or with a large angle or small landing angle, the impact primer 3 is ignited, or when the piercing primer 19 is ignited, its detonation products will pass through the predetermined fire transfer channel (the main function here is the gap between the isolation ball 8 and its chamber and the central transverse fire transfer hole set on the isolation ball 8), and reliably ignite the piercing flame two-way input detonator 9 in the misaligned isolation ball 8. The two piercing flame two-way input detonators 9 in the isolation ball 8 will also detonate each other, but due to the explosion-proof effect of the isolation ball 8, the detonating tube (including the explosive charge 26 and the detonating tube shell 24) and the detonating tube 9 will no longer be detonated, and only the sensitive explosive component will ignite and explode; thereafter, the fuze loses its normal detonation function and enters a fire-proof state, thereby ensuring the safety of explosive disposal of unexploded ammunition formed by fuze misfires.

[0068] If the isolation ball 8 fails to be reliably assembled due to the influence of excess objects, etc., then when the above-mentioned fire-extinguishing effect fails to be reliably achieved, after the projectile hits the target or target area or after the projectile stops rotating, the upper firing pin 5 and the lower firing pin 23 will fully or partially restore the assembly position, that is, reinsert the isolation ball 8 to fully or partially restore the safety, thereby ensuring the safety of explosive disposal of unexploded ammunition formed by fuse misfire.

[0069] If the isolation ball 8 unexpectedly fails to align while in the process of being aligned (although this failure mode is unlikely based on the principle of the ball rotor mechanism), then if the aforementioned fire-isolating function is unexpectedly not reliably achieved, upon impact of the projectile with the target or target area, the firing pin tips of the upper firing pin 5 and the lower firing pin 23 will either pierce the surface of the isolation ball 8 or "penetrate" the central transverse fire-transmitting hole of the isolation ball 8. The former will cause the firing pin tips to break or become blunt, resulting in the loss or substantial loss of their firing function, while the latter will cause the fuze to enter a stable, non-deactivated explosion-proof state. Both of these states are self-destructing, ensuring the safety of the resulting unexploded ordnance disposal.

Claims

1. A self-destructive, high-reliability, mechanically triggered fuze for a grenade launcher, characterized by: The fuze comprises a main body (12), an upper body (11) which covers the upper part of the main body (12) and is connected by threads, a pressure screw (13) which extends into the lower part of the main body (12) and is connected by threads, and a ball seat (10) which extends into the upper part of the pressure screw (13) and is fixed by riveting. These four parts together constitute the main structural frame of the fuze, which is used to accommodate the fuze mechanism and other structures. The fuze mechanism is as follows from top to bottom along the fuze axis: An impact and high-angle triggering mechanism located at the head of the fuze and arranged along the axis; Three identical centrifugal safety mechanisms are located on the side of the impact and large-angle trigger mechanism ring and are symmetrically arranged in the radial direction and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction; A ground-wiping trigger mechanism located below the impact and large-angle trigger mechanism and arranged along the axis; The ball rotor explosion-proof and delayed-release explosion-proof mechanism is located in the middle of the fuze, below the ground-wiping trigger mechanism and arranged along the axis; 2 to 4 inertial triggering mechanisms are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction and arranged along the axial direction, located in the middle of the fuze ring and approximately at the same axis height as the ball rotor flameproof and delayed release flameproof mechanism; The recoil safety mechanism located at the tail of the fuze and arranged along the axis serves as both an inertial trigger and a centrifugal self-destruct mechanism; The detonation sequence located at the middle and tail of the fuze includes a needle flame bidirectional input detonator (9) located in the ball rotor, a detonating tube located in the recoil safety and inertial triggering and centrifugal self-destruction mechanism, and a detonating tube located in the pressure screw (13); The above-mentioned impact and large-angle trigger mechanism, ground-explosion trigger mechanism, recoil safety and inertia trigger and centrifugal self-destruct mechanism, and 2 to 4 inertia trigger mechanisms together constitute a redundant ignition mechanism of the fuze; the isolation ball (8) serves as the main explosion-proof component; the impact and large-angle trigger mechanism, the centrifugal safety mechanism and ground-explosion trigger mechanism together constitute the generalized centrifugal safety mechanism of the explosion-proof mechanism, and the recoil safety and inertia trigger and centrifugal self-destruct mechanism together constitute the recoil safety mechanism of the explosion-proof mechanism, thereby realizing redundant fuze insurance; when the fuze is in a completely released insurance state, that is, after the isolation ball (8) and the needle flame inside it are bidirectionally input into the detonator (9) and are turned straight, the fuze will ignite as long as one of the ignition mechanisms ignites, thereby greatly improving the comprehensive ignition reliability of the fuze.

2. The self-destructive high-reliability warhead mechanical trigger fuze for a grenade launcher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact and large-angle trigger mechanism can extend the fuze head to directly impact the target when the safety is released, including the large-angle impact situation; the impact and large-angle impact trigger mechanism mainly consists of a sealing plate (1), a cover plate (2), a impact primer (3), a primer seat (4), an upper body (11), an upper firing pin (5), a first spring (6), a second spring (7), a main body (12), an isolation ball (8) and a needle flame bidirectional input detonator (9); the upper half of the outer contour of the upper body (11) is a hemisphere, and the lower half is a cylinder, and the two are smoothly connected in a tangential form; five-step stepped through holes with gradually increasing diameters are provided from top to bottom along the central axis of the upper body (11), which are the first step hole, the second step hole, the third step hole, the fourth step hole and the fifth step hole in sequence, wherein the fourth step hole is a tapered hole, the other four step holes are cylindrical holes, and the lower half of the third step hole is an internal thread; The outer contour of the main body (12) includes seven cylinders from top to bottom, which are the first cylinder to the seventh cylinder in sequence. The diameter of the second cylinder is larger than the diameter of the first cylinder, the diameter of the third cylinder is the smallest, the seventh cylinder is provided with an external thread, the sixth cylinder is a cutter groove of the external thread of the seventh cylinder, the diameter of the fourth cylinder is larger than the diameter of the first cylinder, the diameter of the fifth cylinder is the largest, and the diameter of the sixth cylinder is close to the diameter of the fourth cylinder; seven-step through holes are provided from top to bottom along the central axis of the main body (12), wherein the diameters of the first three cylindrical through holes decrease in sequence, namely the sixth step hole, the seventh step hole and the eighth step hole, wherein a coaxial thin-walled ring with a height of 30% to 70% of the depth of the seventh step hole is provided on the step surface between the seventh step hole and the eighth step hole, the inner diameter of the ring is equal to the inner diameter of the eighth step hole, and the wall thickness of the ring is 0 .3mm~0.5mm, the diameters of the remaining four through holes increase in sequence, namely the ninth step hole, the tenth step hole, the eleventh step hole and the twelfth step hole, wherein the ninth step hole is a hemispherical hole opening downward, the tenth step hole, the eleventh step hole and the twelfth step hole are all cylindrical holes, the tenth step hole is smoothly connected to the ninth step hole in a tangential manner, and the rest of the twelfth step hole except the end of the internal thread is an internal thread; the outer contour of the primer seat (4) mainly includes the eighth cylinder and the ninth cylinder from top to bottom, the top of the eighth cylinder is an arc surface, and its radius is the same as the radius of the outer contour circle of the upper body (11), the diameter of the ninth cylinder is larger than the diameter of the eighth cylinder, and six steps of stepped through holes are provided from top to bottom along the central axis of the primer seat (4), wherein the first four steps are of diameters in sequence. The diameters of the thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth and sixteenth step holes decrease in sequence, and the diameters of the latter two step holes increase in sequence, namely the seventeenth and eighteenth step holes, wherein the seventeenth step hole is a trumpet hole with the large end facing downward, and the other five step holes are cylindrical holes; three radial blind holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the lower part of the eighth cylindrical surface of the primer seat (4), referred to as centrifugal blind holes, which are used to accommodate the centrifugal cylinder (14) of the centrifugal safety mechanism in the assembled state, structurally realizing the insurance of the primer seat (4) and the impact and large-angle firing mechanism, and also realizing the centrifugal insurance of the isolation ball (8) through the upper firing pin (5), that is, the aforementioned generalized centrifugal safety mechanism; each centrifugal blind hole on the primer seat (4) is provided with a radial third hole at the bottom thereof, which is connected to the fifteenth step hole. The fire transmission hole, the third fire transmission hole is connected to the side output end of the impact primer (3), the side wall of the seventeenth step hole on the primer seat (4) is provided with a fourth fire transmission hole which is uniformly distributed in the circumference and inclined and connected to the bottom and side wall of each centrifugal blind hole, the fourth fire transmission hole is connected to the output end of the third fire transmission hole, the circumferential outer wall of the eighth cylinder on the primer seat (4) is in close contact with the inner wall of the first step hole of the upper body (11), the circumferential outer wall of the ninth cylinder on the primer seat (4) is in close contact with the inner wall of the sixth step hole of the main body (12), the primer seat (4) can move axially relative to the upper body (11) and the main body (12), the annular table between the second step hole and the first step hole of the upper body (11) cooperates with the annular table between the eighth cylinder and the ninth cylinder of the primer seat (4) to axially position the primer seat (4) after it extends outward;The radially distributed centrifugal safety mechanism, i.e., the centrifugal cylinder (14), is stuck in the centrifugal blind hole of the eighth cylinder side wall of the primer seat (4), limiting the axial displacement of the primer seat (4) in the assembled state; the outer contour of the upper firing pin (5) includes the tenth cylinder, the eleventh cylinder, the twelfth cylinder and the thirteenth cylinder, whose diameters increase first and then decrease from top to bottom, and the frustum-shaped firing pin tip at the bottom, wherein the eleventh cylinder has the largest diameter; the inner contour of the upper firing pin (5) is provided with a frustum hole, a cylindrical hole and a conical blind hole from top to bottom along the axis; the frustum hole is a trumpet hole with the large end facing upward, and the cylindrical hole serves as a central blind hole; four fifth fire transmission holes are evenly distributed and inclined along the circumferential direction on the side wall of the frustum hole of the upper firing pin (5); the fifth fire transmission hole is connected to the output end of the fourth fire transmission hole and the sixth stage of the body (12) The sixth fire-transmitting hole is connected to the central blind hole of the upper firing pin (5) and the sixth and seventh step holes of the main body (12). The root end face of the firing pin tip below the upper firing pin (5) and the outer side of the firing pin tip are evenly provided with 2 to 4 inclined seventh fire-transmitting holes. The seventh fire-transmitting hole is connected to the central blind hole of the upper firing pin (5) and is connected to the inner side step hole of the vertical second-step stepped hole and the horizontal second-step stepped hole on the isolation ball (8) in the assembled state, i.e., the flame input end of the two-way input detonator (9) of the needle flame. The circumferential outer wall of the eleventh cylinder of the upper firing pin (5) is in close contact with the inner wall of the sixth step hole of the main body (12). At the same time, the circumferential outer wall of the thirteenth cylinder of the upper firing pin (5) is in close contact with the first step hole of the main body (12). The inner wall of the eight-step hole ensures that the upper firing pin (5) can only move axially relative to the body (12). The upper end plane of the tenth cylinder contacts the step surface between the seventeenth step hole and the eighteenth step hole of the primer seat (4), thereby limiting the upward movement of the upper firing pin (5). The lower part of the upper firing pin (5) passes through the eighth step hole of the body (12) and extends into the vertical two-step stepped hole on the upper part of the isolation ball (8), which usually limits the rotation of the isolation ball (8); the sealing sheet (1) is a cylindrical thin sheet made of self-adhesive tape, which is in close contact with the top surface of the upper body (11) and is fixed by self-adhesive bonding to achieve sealing; the cover sheet (2) is also a cylindrical thin sheet, which is located in the thirteenth step hole of the primer seat (4), is limited by the step surface between the thirteenth step hole and the fourteenth step hole, and is fixed by spot riveting or closing; (3) It is a traditional needle-pierced primer, with the input end facing upward and the output end facing downward, located in the fifteenth step hole of the primer seat (4), limited by the step surface between the fifteenth step hole and the sixteenth step hole and fixed by rivets through the opening of the fifteenth step hole, and serves as the first explosive element for percussion firing, ground rubbing firing and large-angle firing; the first spring (6) and the second spring (7) are both cylindrical helical compression springs, with opposite rotation directions, coaxially placed in the seventh step hole of the body (12), the upper end of which contacts the step surface between the eleventh cylinder and the twelfth cylinder of the upper firing pin (5), and the lower end abuts the bottom of the seventh step hole of the body (12), and is in a compressed state when assembled. After the centrifugal safety mechanism releases the safety, they jointly push the upper firing pin (5) to move upward, releasing the safety of the isolation ball (8);The outer contour of the isolation ball (8) is basically spherical and is located in a quasi-spherical cavity formed by the ninth step hole of the body (12) and the upward spherical socket-shaped hole at the top of the ball seat (10). The outer contour of the spherical cavity contacts the ninth step hole of the body (12) and the upward hemispherical hole wall of the ball seat (10). When both of its two safety mechanisms are released, the isolation ball (8) can rotate relative to the body (12) along the hole wall around the ball center for a "fixed point" rotation; two-step horizontal stepped holes with gradually increasing diameters are symmetrically arranged from the inside to the outside on both sides of the isolation ball (8) passing through the ball center, wherein the opening of the outer stepped hole is a plane; another two-step stepped hole is opened above the isolation ball (8) along the axis of the fuze, and the two-step stepped hole is vertical and orthogonal. The horizontal two-step stepped hole is connected, and the outer step hole diameter is larger than the inner step hole diameter; the lower half of the thirteenth cylinder of the upper firing pin (5) and the firing pin tip thereon are usually inserted into the outer step hole of the vertical two-step stepped hole; a needle-piercing flame two-way input detonator (9) is arranged in a spot-riveted manner in each horizontal outer step blind hole, the needle-piercing input end of the needle-piercing flame two-way input detonator (9) is facing outwards, and the flame input end is facing inwards, and the needle-piercing input end of the above two needle-piercing flame two-way input detonators (9) is also the detonation output end; the status and function of the above two needle-piercing flame two-way input detonators (9) are the same, and they can rotate in both directions and can also sympathetically detonate each other; after the centrifugal safety mechanism is released, the upper firing pin (5), the inertia ball (17), the primer seat (4) and the like are fixed. The cover plate (2) and the percussion cap (3) thereon move upward under the combined action of the preload resistance of the first spring (6) and the second spring (7) and the radial constraint of the sixth and eighth step holes of the body (12), push away the sealing plate (1) bonded to the upper body (11), and move until the annular table surface between the eighth and ninth cylinders on the percussion cap seat (4) fits the annular table surface between the second and first step holes of the upper body (11). At this time, the percussion cap seat (4) together with the cover plate (2) and the percussion cap (3) thereon have protruded outward from the head of the fuze. When the projectile hits the target in various postures including large angle, small angle and ground blasting, the percussion cap seat (4) together with the cover plate (2) and the percussion cap (3) It has protruded from the head of the fuze and will hit the target or target area before the upper body (11), so the cover plate (2) will work together with the target plate to hit the top of the primer (3) and ignite. Its high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous products will detonate the needle-piercing flame bidirectional input detonator (9) located in the isolation ball (8) in the aligned state and the detonation sequence at the middle and tail parts of the fuze through the predetermined multiple fire transmission channels to realize the fuze ignition. At the same time, the primer seat (4) and the upper firing pin (5) move downward along the axis under the impact of the solid-liquid medium of the soil in the target or target area, so that the upper firing pin (5) directly pokes the needle-piercing flame bidirectional input detonator (9) at the upper end of the isolation ball (8) in the aligned state to pierce the input end and ignite it, thereby detonating the detonation sequence;In the event that the isolation ball (8) is not aligned due to an excess object, i.e., the fuze fails to release the explosion isolation, the above-mentioned percussion cap (3) will still trigger the needle flame in the misaligned isolation ball (8) to be bidirectionally input into the detonator (9) along the predetermined fire-isolating fire channel during the percussion ignition process, thereby achieving the fire-isolating effect of the fuze; and the above-mentioned percussion cap seat (4) and upper firing pin (5) will cause the firing pin tip on the upper firing pin (5) to poke the surface of the isolation ball (8) and break it, and the self-destruction principle and process of the tail inertia needle firing mechanism are the same, thereby causing the fuze to enter a self-destructing state.

3. The self-destructive high-reliability warhead mechanical trigger fuze for a grenade launcher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the body (12) is provided with an annular groove, and the side wall of the annular groove is uniformly provided with 2 to 4 radial first fire transmission holes along the circumferential direction, and the first fire transmission holes are connected to the output end of the needle piercing cap (19). The side wall of the ninth step hole of the body (12) is uniformly provided with 2 to 4 eccentric and inclined second fire transmission holes along the circumferential direction, and the second fire transmission holes are connected to the output end of the needle piercing cap (19), and further through the gap between the ball rotor and its chamber, the horizontal fire transmission hole in the center of the isolation ball (8), the vertical second-step stepped hole on the isolation ball (8) and the inner step hole of the horizontal second-step stepped hole, the needle piercing flame bidirectional input is connected in the explosion-proof state. At the input end of the detonator (9), when the striking primer (3) fails to ignite normally or the upper firing pin (5) fails to move downward correctly to pierce the isolation ball (8) to bidirectionally input the piercing flame into the detonator (9) or the explosion-proof mechanism fails to release the explosion-proof normally, that is, the isolation ball (8) is still in the assembled state or the semi-released explosion-proof state, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous product of the piercing primer (19) enters the interior of the isolation ball (8) through the first fire transmission hole, the sixth fire transmission hole and the seventh fire transmission hole or enters the interior of the isolation ball (8) through the second fire transmission hole, the gap between the isolation ball (8) and its chamber and the horizontal fire transmission hole in the center of the isolation ball (8), and transmits to the The flame input end of the needle flame bidirectional input detonator is pierced, thereby detonating the needle flame bidirectional input detonator (9) in the non-released explosion-proof state, thereby realizing the fire-proof function of the fuze; and when the explosion-proof mechanism is normally released, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous product of the needle flame cap (19) is transmitted to the flame input end of the needle flame bidirectional input detonator (9) through the first fire transmission hole, the gap between the isolation ball (8) and its chamber, and the horizontal fire transmission hole in the center of the isolation ball (8), thereby detonating the needle flame bidirectional input detonator (9) in the normal state, thereby realizing the inertial triggering ignition of the fuze; the third on the cap seat (4) The fire transmission hole, the fourth fire transmission hole, the sixteenth step hole, the seventeenth step hole and the eighteenth step hole, the fifth fire transmission hole, the sixth fire transmission hole, the seventh fire transmission hole, the cone hole, the central blind hole and the conical blind hole on the upper firing pin (5), the first fire transmission hole, the second fire transmission hole, the eighth step hole and the centrifugal blind hole on the main body (12), the fourth step hole and the fifth step hole on the upper body (11), the axial and radial gaps between the isolation ball (8) and its chamber, the vertical two-step stepped hole on the isolation ball (8), the inner step hole of the horizontal two-step stepped hole and the horizontal fire transmission hole located in the center, together constitute the fire transmission channel for the fuze triggering and fire-extinguishing effect.

4. The self-destructive high-reliability warhead mechanical trigger fuze for a grenade launcher according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ground-wiping explosion mechanism comprises, from top to bottom along the central axis, a primer seat (4), an upper body (11), a main body (12), an upper firing pin (5), an inertia ball (17), a first spring (6), a second spring (7), an isolation ball (8) and a needle flame bidirectional input detonator (9); the first spring (6) and the second spring (7) are coaxially arranged and have the same action surface, and are used together to prevent the radial displacement of the inertia ball (17) under a normal ballistic overload environment, thereby pushing the upper firing pin (5) axially to trigger ballistic explosion, and the first spring (6) and the second spring (7) are arranged at the same time to ensure that sufficient resistance required for preventing ballistic explosion is obtained under strength permitting conditions within a limited space; the inertia ball (17) is located in a receiving cavity formed by the seventeenth step hole with the large end facing downward on the primer seat (4) and the trumpet hole with the large end facing upward on the top of the upper firing pin (5), and contacts the inner walls of the two trumpet holes in a tangential manner and is limited by them; the projectile is in a large angle or small angle or ground-wiping explosion posture When hitting the target or target area, the inertia ball (17) moves outward along the lower horn hole inclined surface of the primer seat (4) and the upper horn hole inclined surface of the upper firing pin (5) relative to the main body (12) under the action of the lateral component of the forward momentum, i.e., the lateral inertia force. The upper firing pin (5) is pushed downward along the axis of the fuze relative to the primer seat (4) and the main body (12) by the action of the horn hole inclined surface, and the needle flame at the upper end of the isolation ball (8) in the aligned state is bidirectionally input into the detonator to ignite, thereby The detonation transmission sequence allows the fuze to achieve ground blasting, large angle ignition or small drop angle ignition; and if the isolation ball (8) fails to release the explosion isolation or turns straight due to reasons such as excess objects, when the ground blasting, large angle ignition or small drop angle ignition is performed, the upper firing pin (5) will be re-inserted into the firing pin hole on the isolation ball (8) or the firing pin tip on the isolation ball will poke the surface of the isolation ball and break, so that the fuze enters the recovery safety state or the self-destruction state, which can ensure the safety of the explosive disposal of unexploded ammunition after the fuze misfires.

5. The self-destructive high-reliability warhead mechanical trigger fuze for a grenade launcher according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inertial trigger mechanism mainly consists of a needle-piercing primer seat (18), a needle-piercing primer (19), a firing pin spring (20), a first firing pin (21), a gasket (22), an upper body (11), a main body (12), an upper firing pin (5), a needle-piercing flame bidirectional input detonator (9) and an isolation ball (8); wherein the needle-piercing primer seat (18), the needle-piercing primer (19), the firing pin spring (20), the first firing pin (21) and the gasket (22) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the eccentric axis of the side of the ball rotor mechanism, and the number is 2 to 4 sets, which are evenly distributed along the circumference to improve the reliability of the action; and the gasket (22) is used to slow down the rebound formed by the impact when the projectile fuze head falls upward, that is, to weaken the upward movement of the first firing pin (21) when the projectile fuze head falls, thereby improving safety; the above 2 to 4 inertial trigger mechanisms can achieve reliable ignition under the premise that the falling angle is greater than the friction angle between the material of the first firing pin (21) and the material between the first firing pin (21) and its stationary chamber.

6. The self-destructive high-reliability warhead mechanical trigger fuze for a grenade launcher according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the friction pair surface has not been treated with friction reduction, the friction angle is 8.5°~16.7°; when the friction pair surface has been treated with friction reduction, the friction angle is 2.9°~8.5°.

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