A slope deformation monitoring and early warning device with remote early warning function

Abstract

The invention discloses a slope deformation monitoring and early warning device with a remote early warning function, comprising a main unit and an internal measuring mechanism, wherein the internal measuring mechanism comprises a plurality of humidity sensor assemblies and an internal displacement measuring device, wherein the humidity sensor assembly comprises a humidity sensor, a second connecting rope and a second spring; the humidity sensors of each humidity sensor assembly are buried in the soil of the slope and are buried at different depths respectively; the humidity sensor is connected to the second spring via the second connecting rope, and the internal displacement measuring device is used to measure the spring deformation amount generated by the second connecting rope pulling the second spring when the humidity sensor is displaced; the humidity sensor and the internal displacement measuring device are both electrically connected to a controller; the invention can monitor the physical changes of the soil inside the slope, and can simultaneously monitor the changes of multiple physical quantities of the soil inside the slope, thereby judging the deformation degree, deformation trend and deformation speed of the slope, and can effectively, accurately and timely carry out early warning of slope deformation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of slope deformation monitoring, in particular to a slope deformation monitoring and early warning device with a remote early warning function. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of engineering construction, slope stability problems are often encountered in roads, bridges, water conservancy projects, etc. The deformation and instability of slopes may cause geological disasters such as landslides and mud-rock flows, posing a serious threat to people's lives and property. Therefore, real-time monitoring and early warning of slope deformation are of great significance.

[0003] Among the existing patent technologies, the invention patent with patent number CN201910043057.2 provides a method for monitoring and processing reservoir bank slope deformation based on InSAR image data. Based on the collection of InSAR data of the reservoir bank slope in the basin, the method first uses SqueeSAR technology and differential interferometry processing to extract deformation information of the monitoring area, and identifies abnormal values ​​for the acquired deformation time series to define the unstable area within the monitoring range; secondly, considering the two factors of reservoir water level and rainfall, combined with relevant geological conditions, through correlation analysis methods, the reasons for abnormal deformation of the slope are judged and explained; finally, the monitoring data and related analysis are reflected in the monitoring report in the form of graphs and tables. This slope deformation monitoring and processing method can realize large-scale, high-precision continuous and semi-automatic monitoring of the slope, and can more reasonably carry out early warning and forecast of abnormal slope deformation.

[0004] The slope deformation monitoring and processing method provided by the above patent is the InSAR time series monitoring method. In the prior art, there are similar methods for slope deformation monitoring, such as the total station monitoring method, the differential GPS monitoring method, the ground-based two-dimensional deformation monitoring radar monitoring method, and the space-based GNSS monitoring method. However, these detection methods usually only detect deformation on the outside of the slope and cannot detect problems with the soil inside the slope. In fact, the deformation and destruction of the slope is a continuous cumulative development process from gradual change to sudden change. Before the slope becomes unstable, the physical quantity of the soil inside it changes gradually. Therefore, it is very necessary to monitor the changes in the soil inside it, which has a good early warning effect. Based on this, the applicant proposes a slope deformation monitoring and early warning device with a remote early warning function. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a slope deformation monitoring and early warning device with a remote early warning function, aiming to improve the problem in the prior art that slope monitoring and early warning usually only perform deformation detection on the outside of the slope and cannot monitor changes in physical quantities of the soil inside the slope, resulting in poor early warning effect.

[0006] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a slope deformation monitoring and early warning device with a remote early warning function, comprising:

[0008] A host computer, wherein the host computer is provided with a controller and a remote communication module, and the controller is connected to the control center through the remote communication module;

[0009] The internal measurement mechanism includes a plurality of humidity sensor assemblies and an internal displacement measuring device, wherein the humidity sensor assembly includes a humidity sensor, a second connecting rope and a second spring, wherein the second spring and the internal displacement measuring device are both arranged in a main unit; the humidity sensors of each humidity sensor assembly are buried in the slope soil and are respectively buried at different depths; the humidity sensor is connected to the second spring through the second connecting rope, and the second spring is fixedly arranged at one end away from the second connecting rope; the internal displacement measuring device is used to measure the spring deformation amount generated by the second connecting rope pulling the second spring when the humidity sensor is displaced; the humidity sensor and the internal displacement measuring device are both electrically connected to a controller.

[0010] Furthermore, the humidity sensor assembly also includes a pulley amplifying mechanism, which is also disposed in the host, and the second connecting rope passes through the pulley amplifying mechanism and is connected to the second spring.

[0011] Furthermore, the internal displacement measuring device includes a second ranging sensor, a second slider and a second slide groove, the second slider is slidably arranged in the second slide groove, one end of the second slider is connected to the second spring, and the other end is connected to the second connecting rope, and the second ranging sensor detects the displacement distance of the second slider and transmits it to the controller.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of detected columns are arranged on one side of the second slider, and the plurality of detected columns are arranged in sequence along the up and down directions and along the sliding direction of the second slider, and a touch rod is arranged on the other side of the second slider; the internal displacement measuring device also includes a proximity switch and a mechanical trigger switch, the proximity switch is arranged on the side of the second slider where the detected column is arranged, and multiple groups of the proximity switches are arranged horizontally, the number of groups of the proximity switches is the same as the number of the detected columns, each group of proximity switches is arranged in sequence up and down, and the height position corresponds to each detected column, each group of proximity switches includes a plurality of proximity switches, and these plurality of proximity switches are arranged in sequence along the sliding direction of the second slider; each proximity switch and the mechanical trigger switch are electrically connected to the controller, and when the second slider drives the touch rod to move to the position where the mechanical trigger switch is arranged, the touch rod presses the mechanical trigger switch, and the mechanical trigger switch transmits a trigger signal to the controller.

[0013] Furthermore, a magnetic tube is provided on the side wall of the second slider connected to the second connecting rope, and an iron rod is provided at one end of the second connecting rope connected to the second slider, and the iron rod is inserted in the magnetic tube and is magnetically attracted by the magnetic tube; the suction force of the magnetic tube on the iron rod is F, and the suction force F satisfies the following formula: b×f(Smax, S1, F0)>F>a×(μ×mg+k×S2), wherein b is a safety adjustment factor, f(Smax, S1, F0) represents the minimum value among k×Smax, k×S1 and F0, Smax is the maximum stretching amount allowed by the second spring, S1 is the stretching amount of the second spring when the second slider contacts the second ranging sensor, F0 is the breaking force of the second connecting rope, and k is the second spring The elastic coefficient of the spring, a is the amplification coefficient, μ is the friction coefficient between the second slider and the second slide groove, m is the weight of the second slider, g is the acceleration of gravity, and S2 is the stretching amount of the second spring when the touch rod presses and triggers the mechanical trigger switch; the press-type mechanical trigger switch is installed on a vertically arranged vertical plate and is located at the top of the vertical plate, and a support spring is arranged at the lower end of the vertical plate, and the support spring is arranged vertically; a return switch is arranged in the second slide groove, and the return switch and the second ranging sensor are respectively located on both sides of the second slider, and when the second spring drives the second slider to trigger the return switch, the second spring is in a stretched state, and the stretching amount of the second spring is S3 at this time, then S3 satisfies the following formula: k×S3≥μ×mg.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes an external deformation monitoring mechanism, which includes a spiral ground pile assembly and an external displacement measuring device, and the spiral ground pile assembly includes a spiral ground pile, a first connecting rope and a first spring, and the first spring and the external displacement measuring device are both arranged in the main machine; the spiral ground pile is inserted into the soil outside the slope, one end of the first connecting rope is connected to the spiral ground pile, and the other end is connected to the first spring, and the first spring is fixed away from one end of the first connecting rope, and the external displacement measuring device is used to measure the spring deformation caused by the first connecting rope pulling the first spring when the spiral ground pile is displaced, and the external displacement measuring device is electrically connected to the controller.

[0015] Furthermore, the screw pile assembly also includes a pulley amplification mechanism, which is also arranged in the main unit, the first connecting rope passes through the pulley amplification mechanism and is connected to the first spring, the external displacement measuring device includes a first ranging sensor, a first slider and a first slide groove, the first slider is slidably arranged in the first slide groove, one end of the first slider is connected to the first spring, and the other end is connected to the first connecting rope, the first ranging sensor detects the displacement distance of the first slider and transmits it to the controller.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a solar panel, and a battery is arranged in the host, and the battery supplies power to the electrical components and humidity sensor in the host; the battery is electrically connected to the solar panel, and the host is provided with a power detection circuit to detect the battery power and transmit the detection result to the controller, and the controller is set with a battery alarm threshold. When the battery power is lower than the set battery alarm threshold, the host controller sends a power alarm to the control center through the remote communication module; each remote communication module in the host has a unique ID, which corresponds to a determined geographical location, and the geographical location corresponding to the remote communication module in each host is stored in the control center.

[0017] According to the second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a slope deformation monitoring and early warning method, using the above-mentioned slope deformation monitoring and early warning device with remote early warning function, each humidity sensor detects the soil moisture at its location, and transmits the detected humidity data W1, W2, ..., Wn to the controller in real time, and the controller calculates the soil weight M according to W1, W2, ..., Wn; each internal displacement measuring device measures the spring deformation L1, L2, ..., Ln generated by the second connecting rope pulling the second spring when the humidity sensor is displaced, and transmits it to the controller, and the controller calculates the settlement of each layer of soil according to L1, L2, ..., Ln, and performs weighted summation to obtain the weighted settlement of the soil L; the controller is preset with a soil weight threshold M0 and a soil settlement threshold L0, and the controller compares the calculated soil weight M with the soil weight threshold M0, and at the same time compares the calculated soil weighted settlement L with the soil settlement threshold L0, determines the early warning level according to the comparison result, and transmits the early warning result to the control center through the wireless communication module:

[0018] 1. When L<L0 and M<M0, no warning is issued; when L<L0 and M≥M0, a blue warning is issued;

[0019] (ii) When L ≥ L0 and (L-L0) / L0×100%≤10%:

[0020] If M<M0, a blue warning is issued;

[0021] If M≥M0, and (M-M0) / M0×100%≤10%, a yellow warning is issued;

[0022] If M≥M0, and 10%<(M-M0) / M0×100%≤30%, an orange warning is issued;

[0023] If M≥M0, and 30%<(M-M0) / M0×100%, a red warning is issued;

[0024] (III) When L ≥ L0, and 10% < (L-L0) / L0×100% ≤ 25%:

[0025] If M<M0, a yellow warning is issued;

[0026] If M≥M0, and (M-M0) / M0×100%≤20%, an orange warning is issued;

[0027] If M≥M0, and 20%<(M-M0) / M0×100%, a red warning is issued;

[0028] (IV) When L ≥ L0, and 25% < (L-L0) / L0×100% ≤ 40%:

[0029] If M<M0, an orange warning will be issued;

[0030] If M≥M0, a red warning is issued;

[0031] (V) When L ≥ L0 and 40% < (L-L0) / L0×100%, a red warning is issued.

[0032] Further, the controller calculates the change rate Mv of the soil weight M and the change rate Lv of the soil weighted settlement L. The controller is preset with a soil weight change rate threshold Mvo and a soil settlement change rate threshold Lvo. The controller compares Mv and Lv with Mvo and Lvo respectively. When Mv<Lv, and Mvo<Lvo, the original warning level is kept unchanged; when Mv≥Lv, or Mvo≥Lvo, the original warning level is increased by one level, up to a red warning level; when Mv≥Lv, and Mvo≥Lvo, the original warning level is increased by two levels, up to a red warning level;

[0033] The control center obtains the weather conditions of the geographical location of the corresponding host through the Internet. When the weather at the geographical location of the host is moderate rain or less, or moderate rain lasting less than 12 hours, or heavy rain lasting less than 2 hours, the original warning level is maintained; when the weather at the geographical location of the host is moderate rain lasting more than 12 hours, or heavy rain lasting more than 2 hours and less than 6 hours, or torrential rain lasting less than 2 hours, the original warning level is increased by one level, up to the red warning level; if the weather at the geographical location of the host is heavy rain lasting more than 6 hours, or torrential rain lasting more than 2 hours, the original warning level is increased by two levels, up to the red warning level.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention can monitor the physical changes of the soil inside the slope, and can simultaneously monitor the changes of multiple physical quantities of the soil inside the slope, and then determine the deformation degree, deformation trend and deformation speed of the slope, and can effectively, accurately and timely carry out slope deformation warning. Other beneficial effects of the present invention are described in the following specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an internal measuring mechanism and a humidity sensor connected to each other in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the layout structure of embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an internal measuring mechanism and a humidity sensor connected to each other in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second sliding block in embodiment 3 of the present invention arranged in the second sliding groove.

[0041] In the figure: 1. host; 2. humidity sensor; 3. second connecting rope; 4. second spring; 5. second distance sensor; 6. second slider; 7. second slide; 8. detected column; 9. proximity switch; 10. mechanical trigger switch; 11. magnetic tube; 12. iron rod; 13. return switch; 14. spiral pile; 15. first connecting rope; 16. solar panel; 17. touch rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] The following is a further description with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a slope deformation monitoring and early warning device with a remote early warning function, including a host 1, an internal measuring mechanism and a solar panel 16. The host 1 is provided with a controller and a remote communication module. The controller is connected to the control center through the remote communication module. The remote communication module can be a 4G communication module, a 5G communication module, etc. The internal measuring mechanism includes a plurality of humidity sensor assemblies and a plurality of internal displacement measuring devices. The humidity sensor assembly includes a humidity sensor 2, a second connecting rope 3 and a second spring 4. The second spring 4 and the internal displacement measuring device are both arranged in the host 1. The humidity sensors 2 of each humidity sensor assembly are buried in the slope soil and are buried at different depths. The humidity sensor 2 is connected to the second spring 4 through the second connecting rope 3, and the second spring 4 is fixedly arranged away from one end of the second connecting rope 3. The internal displacement measuring device includes a second distance measuring sensor 5, a second slider 6 and a second chute 7. The second slider 6 is slidably arranged in the second chute 7. One end of the second slider 6 is connected to the second spring 4, and the other end is connected to the second connecting rope 3. The second distance measuring sensor 5 detects the displacement distance of the second slider 6 and transmits it to the controller. The displacement distance of the second slider 6 corresponds to the spring deformation amount generated by the second connecting rope 3 pulling the second spring 4. Each humidity sensor 2 is used to detect the humidity at its location and transmit the humidity data to the controller.

[0046] The host 1 is provided with a battery, which supplies power to the electrical components and the humidity sensor 2 in the host 1. The battery is electrically connected to the solar panel 16. The host 1 is provided with a power detection circuit to detect the battery power and transmit the detection result to the controller. The controller is set with a battery alarm threshold. When the battery power is lower than the set battery alarm threshold, the host controller sends a power alarm to the control center through the remote communication module. After receiving the alarm signal, the control center promptly arranges staff to replace the battery or charge it on site. This situation often occurs in long-term rainy weather. Each remote communication module in the host 1 has a unique ID, which corresponds to a certain geographical location. The geographical location corresponding to the remote communication module in each host 1 is stored in the control center.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] The present embodiment provides a slope deformation monitoring and early warning method, which uses the slope deformation monitoring and early warning device with remote early warning function provided in Example 1. Each humidity sensor 2 detects the soil moisture at its location, and transmits the detected humidity data W1, W2, ..., Wn to the controller in real time, and the controller calculates the soil weight M according to W1, W2, ..., Wn. The soil at the location where the humidity sensor 2 is arranged is collected, a slope model is established, and the density of the soil at different depths and different moisture conditions is measured. Since the weight of the soil is related to the depth and density under a certain cross-sectional area, a relationship equation between the soil weight M and W1, W2, ..., Wn under a certain cross-sectional area can be established, and the soil weight M can be roughly calculated through this relationship equation. There are many different relationship equations between the soil weight M and W1, W2, ..., Wn. For example, three humidity sensors 2 are set, which are 2 meters deep, 4 meters deep and 6 meters deep respectively. The soil densities at the corresponding depths of the three humidity sensors 2 are ρ1, ρ2 and ρ3 respectively. When each depth is established, a corresponding table between density and soil moisture is established. ρ1, ρ2 and ρ3 can be obtained by looking up the table. The soil surface density is ρ0, then the average density at a depth of 0 meters to 2 meters is approximately (ρ0+ρ1) / 2, the average density at a depth of 2 meters to 4 meters is approximately (ρ1+ρ2) / 2, and the average density at a depth of 4 meters to 6 meters is approximately (ρ2+ρ3) / 2. The soil weight M can be calculated by segmented calculation and accumulation.

[0049] The second distance measuring sensor 5 of each internal displacement measuring device measures the spring deformation L1, L2, ..., Ln generated by the second connecting rope 3 pulling the second spring 4 when the humidity sensor 2 is displaced, and transmits it to the controller, which calculates the subsidence of each layer of soil according to L1, L2, ..., Ln, and performs weighted summation to obtain the weighted subsidence of the soil L. L=A1×L1+=A2×L2+...+An×Ln, where A1, A2, ..., An are weighted coefficients, and A1<A2<...<An.

[0050] The controller is preset with a soil weight threshold M0 and a soil subsidence threshold L0. The controller compares the calculated soil weight M with the soil weight threshold M0, and compares the calculated soil weighted subsidence L with the soil subsidence threshold L0. The warning level is determined based on the comparison results, and the warning results are transmitted to the control center through the wireless communication module:

[0051] 1. When L<L0 and M<M0, no warning is issued; when L<L0 and M≥M0, a blue warning is issued;

[0052] (ii) When L ≥ L0 and (L-L0) / L0×100%≤10%:

[0053] If M<M0, a blue warning is issued;

[0054] If M≥M0, and (M-M0) / M0×100%≤10%, a yellow warning is issued;

[0055] If M≥M0, and 10%<(M-M0) / M0×100%≤30%, an orange warning is issued;

[0056] If M≥M0, and 30%<(M-M0) / M0×100%, a red warning is issued;

[0057] (III) When L ≥ L0, and 10% < (L-L0) / L0×100% ≤ 25%:

[0058] If M<M0, a yellow warning is issued;

[0059] If M≥M0, and (M-M0) / M0×100%≤20%, an orange warning is issued;

[0060] If M≥M0, and 20%<(M-M0) / M0×100%, a red warning is issued;

[0061] (IV) When L ≥ L0, and 25% < (L-L0) / L0×100% ≤ 40%:

[0062] If M<M0, an orange warning will be issued;

[0063] If M≥M0, a red warning is issued;

[0064] (V) When L ≥ L0 and 40% < (L-L0) / L0×100%, a red warning is issued.

[0065] In some exemplary embodiments, the controller also calculates the rate of change Mv of the soil weight M and the rate of change Lv of the weighted settlement of the soil. The controller is preset with a threshold value Mvo of the rate of change of the soil weight and a threshold value Lvo of the rate of change of the soil settlement. The controller compares Mv and Lv with Mvo and Lvo respectively. When Mv<Lv, and Mvo<Lvo, the original warning level remains unchanged. When Mv≥Lv, or Mvo≥Lvo, the original warning level is increased by one level, up to the red warning level; when Mv≥Lv, and Mvo≥Lvo, the original warning level is increased by two levels, up to the red warning level. In this way, by calculating and comparing, the change trend and the speed of change of the soil weight M and the weighted settlement of the soil L can be obtained, which can make the warning level more accurate and the warning more timely.

[0066] In some exemplary embodiments, the control center obtains the weather conditions of the geographical location of the corresponding host 1 through the Internet. When the weather at the geographical location of the host 1 is moderate rain or less, or moderate rain lasts for less than 12 hours, or heavy rain lasts for less than 2 hours, the original warning level is maintained. When the weather at the geographical location of the host 1 is moderate rain and lasts for more than 12 hours, or heavy rain lasts for more than 2 hours and less than 6 hours, or torrential rain lasts for less than 2 hours, the original warning level is raised by one level, up to the red warning level. If the weather at the geographical location of the host 1 is heavy rain and lasts for more than 6 hours, or torrential rain and lasts for more than 2 hours, the original warning level is raised by two levels, up to the red warning level. This further improves the accuracy and timeliness of the warning level.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a slope deformation monitoring and early warning device with a remote early warning function, including a host 1, an internal measuring mechanism, an external deformation monitoring mechanism and a solar panel 16. The host 1 is provided with a controller and a remote communication module. The controller is connected to the control center through the remote communication module. The remote communication module can be a 4G communication module, a 5G communication module, etc.

[0069] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the internal measurement mechanism includes multiple humidity sensor assemblies and multiple internal displacement measuring devices. The humidity sensor assembly includes a humidity sensor 2, a second connecting rope 3 and a second spring 4. The second spring 4 and the internal displacement measuring device are both arranged in the host 1. The humidity sensors 2 of each humidity sensor assembly are buried in the slope soil and are buried at different depths. The humidity sensor 2 is connected to the second spring 4 through the second connecting rope 3, and the second spring 4 is fixedly arranged away from one end of the second connecting rope 3. The internal displacement measuring device includes a second distance measuring sensor 5, a second slider 6 and a second chute 7. The second slider 6 is slidably arranged in the second chute 7. One end of the second slider 6 is connected to the second spring 4 and the other end is connected to the second connecting rope 3. The second distance measuring sensor 5 detects the displacement distance of the second slider 6 and transmits it to the controller. The displacement distance of the second slider 6 corresponds to the spring deformation amount generated by the second connecting rope 3 pulling the second spring 4. Each humidity sensor 2 is used to detect the humidity at its location and transmit the humidity data to the controller. The humidity sensor assembly also includes a pulley amplification mechanism, which includes a movable pulley assembly. The pulley amplification mechanism is also arranged in the main unit 1. The second connecting rope 3 passes through the pulley amplification mechanism and is connected to the second spring 4. In this way, the sinking amount of the humidity sensor 2 can be amplified multiple times, which is more convenient for detection and the arrangement of detection elements such as proximity switches.

[0070] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, two detected columns 8 are arranged on one side of the second slider 6, and the two detected columns 8 are arranged in sequence along the up-down direction and along the sliding direction of the second slider 6, and a touch rod 17 is arranged on the other side of the second slider 6. The internal displacement measuring device also includes a proximity switch 9 and a mechanical trigger switch 10, such as a button switch. The proximity switch 9 is arranged on the side of the second slider 6 where the detected column 8 is arranged. There are two groups of proximity switches 9 arranged horizontally, and the two groups of proximity switches 9 are arranged in sequence up and down, and the height positions correspond to each detected column 8 respectively. Each group of proximity switches 9 includes multiple proximity switches 9, and these multiple proximity switches 9 are arranged in sequence along the sliding direction of the second slider 6. Each proximity switch 9 and the mechanical trigger switch 10 are electrically connected to the controller. When the second slider 6 drives the touch rod 17 to move to the position where the mechanical trigger switch 10 is arranged, the touch rod 17 presses the mechanical trigger switch 10, and the mechanical trigger switch 10 transmits a trigger signal to the controller. The proximity switch 9 and the mechanical trigger switch 10 are the measurement verification means and supplementary detection means of the second distance measuring sensor 5, which can effectively ensure the accuracy of the detection result. The setting position of the mechanical trigger switch 10 corresponds to the limit position allowed to sink by a humidity sensor 2. Once the mechanical trigger switch 10 is penalized, a red warning is issued.

[0071] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, a magnetic tube 11 is provided on the side wall where the second slider 6 is connected to the second connecting rope 3, and an iron rod 12 is provided at one end of the second connecting rope 3 connected to the second slider 6. The iron rod 12 is inserted into the magnetic tube 11 and is magnetically attracted by the magnetic tube 11. The attraction force of the magnetic tube 11 on the iron rod 12 is F, and the attraction force F satisfies the following formula:

[0072] b×f(Smax, S1, F0)>F>a×(μ×mg+k×S2)

[0073] Among them, b is the safety adjustment coefficient, which takes a value between 0.9 and 0.95, f (Smax, S1, F0) represents the minimum value among k×Smax, k×S1 and F0, Smax is the maximum stretching amount allowed by the second spring 4, S1 is the stretching amount of the second spring 4 when the second slider 6 contacts the second distance sensor 5, F0 is the breaking force of the second connecting rope 3, k is the elastic coefficient of the second spring 4, a is the amplification coefficient, which is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 1.2, μ is the friction coefficient between the second slider 6 and the second slide groove 7, m is the weight of the second slider 6, g is the acceleration of gravity, and S2 is the stretching amount of the second spring 4 when the touch rod 17 presses and triggers the mechanical trigger switch 10. The mechanical trigger switch 10 is installed on a vertically arranged vertical plate and is located at the top of the vertical plate. A support spring is arranged at the lower end of the vertical plate. The support spring is arranged vertically to facilitate the deformation and reset of the vertical plate. A return switch 13 is provided in the second slide groove 7. The return switch 13 and the second distance measuring sensor 5 are respectively located on both sides of the second slider 6. When the second spring 4 drives the second slider 6 to trigger the return switch 13, the second spring 4 is in a stretched state. At this time, the stretching amount of the second spring 4 is S3, and S3 satisfies the following formula: k×S3≥μ×mg.

[0074] The host 1 is provided with a battery, which supplies power to the electrical components and the humidity sensor 2 in the host 1. The battery is electrically connected to the solar panel 16. The host 1 is provided with a power detection circuit to detect the battery power and transmit the detection result to the controller. The controller is set with a battery alarm threshold. When the battery power is lower than the set battery alarm threshold, the host controller sends a power alarm to the control center through the remote communication module. After receiving the alarm signal, the control center promptly arranges staff to replace the battery or charge it on site. This situation often occurs in long-term rainy weather. Each remote communication module in the host 1 has a unique ID, which corresponds to a certain geographical location. The geographical location corresponding to the remote communication module in each host 1 is stored in the control center.

[0075] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the external deformation monitoring mechanism includes a spiral pile assembly and an external displacement measuring device. The spiral pile assembly includes a spiral pile 14, a first connecting rope 15 and a first spring. The first spring and the external displacement measuring device are both arranged in the main unit 1. The spiral pile 14 is inserted into the soil outside the slope. The insertion depth of the spiral pile 14 should not exceed 30 cm. One end of the first connecting rope 15 is connected to the spiral pile 14, and the other end is connected to the first spring. The first spring is fixed away from one end of the first connecting rope 15. The external displacement measuring device is used to measure the spring deformation amount generated by the first connecting rope 15 pulling the first spring when the spiral pile 14 is displaced. The internal displacement measuring device is electrically connected to the controller. The screw pile assembly also includes a pulley amplification mechanism, which is also arranged in the main machine 1. The first connecting rope 15 passes through the pulley amplification mechanism and is connected to the first spring. The external displacement measuring device includes a first distance measuring sensor, a first slider and a first slide groove. The first slider is slidably arranged in the first slide groove. One end of the first slider is connected to the first spring, and the other end is connected to the first connecting rope 15. The first distance measuring sensor detects the displacement distance of the first slider and transmits it to the controller. By setting the external deformation monitoring mechanism, the present invention can also monitor the external deformation of the slope.

[0076] In summary, the present invention can monitor the physical changes of the soil inside the slope, and can simultaneously monitor the changes of multiple physical quantities of the soil inside the slope, and then determine the deformation degree, deformation trend and deformation speed of the slope, and can effectively, accurately and timely provide early warning of slope deformation.

[0077] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slope deformation monitoring and early warning device with remote early warning function, characterized in that: include: A host (1), wherein the host (1) is provided with a controller and a remote communication module, and the controller is communicatively connected to a control center via the remote communication module; An internal measurement mechanism comprises a plurality of humidity sensor assemblies and an internal displacement measuring device, wherein the humidity sensor assembly comprises a humidity sensor (2), a second connecting rope (3) and a second spring (4), wherein the second spring (4) and the internal displacement measuring device are both arranged in a main unit (1); the humidity sensors (2) of each humidity sensor assembly are buried in the slope soil and are respectively buried at different depths; the humidity sensor (2) is connected to the second spring (4) via the second connecting rope (3), and the second spring (4) is fixedly arranged at one end away from the second connecting rope (3); the internal displacement measuring device is used to measure the spring deformation amount generated by the second connecting rope (3) pulling the second spring (4) when the humidity sensor (2) is displaced; the humidity sensor (2) and the internal displacement measuring device are both electrically connected to a controller; The humidity sensor assembly further comprises a pulley amplifying mechanism, which is also arranged in the main unit (1), and the second connecting rope (3) passes through the pulley amplifying mechanism and is connected to the second spring (4).

2. The slope deformation monitoring and early warning device with remote early warning function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The internal displacement measuring device comprises a second distance measuring sensor (5), a second slider (6) and a second slide groove (7); the second slider (6) is slidably arranged in the second slide groove (7); one end of the second slider (6) is connected to the second spring (4) and the other end is connected to the second connecting rope (3); the second distance measuring sensor (5) detects the displacement distance of the second slider (6) and transmits it to the controller.

3. The slope deformation monitoring and early warning device with remote early warning function according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A plurality of detected columns (8) are arranged on one side of the second slider (6), and the plurality of detected columns (8) are arranged in sequence along the up-down direction and along the sliding direction of the second slider (6). A touch rod (17) is arranged on the other side of the second slider (6). The internal displacement measuring device further comprises a proximity switch (9) and a mechanical trigger switch (10). The proximity switch (9) is arranged on the side of the second slider (6) where the detected columns (8) are arranged. A plurality of groups of the proximity switches (9) are arranged horizontally. The number of groups of the proximity switches (9) is the same as the number of the detected columns (8). Each group of proximity switches (9) is connected to a mechanical trigger switch (10). The switches (9) are arranged in sequence up and down, and their height positions correspond to the detected columns (8) respectively. Each group of proximity switches (9) includes a plurality of proximity switches (9), and the plurality of proximity switches (9) are arranged in sequence along the sliding direction of the second slider (6). Each proximity switch (9) and the mechanical trigger switch (10) are electrically connected to the controller. When the second slider (6) drives the touch rod (17) to move to a position where the mechanical trigger switch (10) is arranged, the touch rod (17) presses the mechanical trigger switch (10), and the mechanical trigger switch (10) transmits a trigger signal to the controller.

4. The slope deformation monitoring and early warning device with remote early warning function according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A magnetic tube (11) is arranged on the side wall of the second slider (6) connected to the second connecting rope (3); an iron rod (12) is arranged at one end of the second connecting rope (3) connected to the second slider (6); the iron rod (12) is inserted into the magnetic tube (11) and is magnetically attracted by the magnetic tube (11); the attraction force F exerted by the magnetic tube (11) on the iron rod (12) is F, and the attraction force F satisfies the following formula: b×f(Smax, S1, F0)>F>a×(μ×mg+k×S2), wherein b is a safety adjustment factor, f(Smax, S1, F0) represents the minimum value among k×Smax, k×S1 and F0, Smax is the maximum stretching amount allowed by the second spring (4), S1 is the stretching amount of the second spring (4) when the second slider (6) contacts the second distance measuring sensor (5), F0 is the breaking force of the second connecting rope (3), and k is the The elastic coefficient is a, a is the amplification coefficient, μ is the friction coefficient between the second slider (6) and the second slide groove (7), m is the weight of the second slider (6), g is the gravitational acceleration, and S2 is the stretching amount of the second spring (4) when the touch rod (17) presses and triggers the mechanical trigger switch (10); the pressing mechanical trigger switch (10) is installed on a vertically arranged vertical plate and is located at the top of the vertical plate, and a support spring is arranged at the lower end of the vertical plate, and the support spring is arranged vertically; a return switch (13) is arranged in the second slide groove (7), and the return switch (13) and the second distance measuring sensor (5) are respectively located on both sides of the second slider (6), and when the second spring (4) drives the second slider (6) to trigger the return switch (13), the second spring (4) is in a stretched state, and at this time, the stretching amount of the second spring (4) is S3, and S3 satisfies the following formula: k×S3≥μ×mg.

5. The slope deformation monitoring and early warning device with remote early warning function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The invention also comprises an external deformation monitoring mechanism, the external deformation monitoring mechanism comprising a spiral ground pile assembly and an external displacement measuring device, the spiral ground pile assembly comprising a spiral ground pile (14), a first connecting rope (15) and a first spring, the first spring and the external displacement measuring device are both arranged in the main machine (1); the spiral ground pile (14) is inserted into the soil outside the slope, one end of the first connecting rope (15) is connected to the spiral ground pile (14), and the other end is connected to the first spring, the first spring is fixedly arranged away from one end of the first connecting rope (15), the external displacement measuring device is used to measure the spring deformation amount generated by the first connecting rope (15) pulling the first spring when the spiral ground pile (14) is displaced, and the internal displacement measuring device is electrically connected to the controller.

6. The slope deformation monitoring and early warning device with remote early warning function according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The screw pile assembly further comprises a pulley amplifying mechanism, which is also arranged in the main machine (1); the first connecting rope (15) passes through the pulley amplifying mechanism and is connected to the first spring; the external displacement measuring device comprises a first distance measuring sensor, a first slider and a first slide groove; the first slider is slidably arranged in the first slide groove; one end of the first slider is connected to the first spring, and the other end is connected to the first connecting rope (15); the first distance measuring sensor detects the displacement distance of the first slider and transmits it to the controller.

7. The slope deformation monitoring and early warning device with remote early warning function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The host computer (1) further comprises a solar panel (16). The host computer (1) is provided with a storage battery, and the storage battery supplies power to the electrical components and the humidity sensor (2) in the host computer (1). The storage battery is electrically connected to the solar panel (16). The host computer (1) is provided with a power detection circuit for detecting the power of the storage battery and transmitting the detection result to a controller. The controller is set with a battery alarm threshold. When the battery power is lower than the set battery alarm threshold, the host computer controller issues a power alarm to the control center through the remote communication module. Each remote communication module in the host computer (1) has a unique ID corresponding to a certain geographical location. The geographical location corresponding to each remote communication module in the host computer (1) is stored in the control center.

8. A slope deformation monitoring and early warning method, using the slope deformation monitoring and early warning device with remote early warning function as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Each humidity sensor (2) detects the soil humidity at its location, and transmits the detected humidity data W1, W2, ..., Wn to the controller in real time. The controller calculates the soil weight M based on W1, W2, ..., Wn. Each internal displacement measuring device measures the spring deformation L1, L2, ..., Ln generated by the second connection rope (3) pulling the second spring (4) when the humidity sensor (2) is displaced, and transmits it to the controller. The controller calculates the subsidence of each layer of soil based on L1, L2, ..., Ln, and performs weighted summation to obtain a weighted soil subsidence L. The controller is preset with a soil weight threshold M0 and a soil subsidence threshold L0. The controller compares the calculated soil weight M with the soil weight threshold M0, and compares the calculated soil weighted subsidence L with the soil subsidence threshold L0. The controller determines the warning level based on the comparison result, and transmits the warning result to the control center through the wireless communication module: (i) When L<L0 and M<M0, no warning is issued; When L<L0 and M≥M0, a blue warning is issued; (ii) When L ≥ L0 and (L-L0) / L0×100%≤10%: If M<M0, a blue warning is issued; If M≥M0, and (M-M0) / M0×100%≤10%, a yellow warning is issued; If M≥M0, and 10%<(M-M0) / M0×100%≤30%, an orange warning is issued; If M≥M0, and 30%<(M-M0) / M0×100%, a red warning is issued; (III) When L ≥ L0, and 10% < (L-L0) / L0×100% ≤ 25%: If M<M0, a yellow warning is issued; If M≥M0, and (M-M0) / M0×100%≤20%, an orange warning is issued; If M≥M0, and 20%<(M-M0) / M0×100%, a red warning is issued; (IV) When L ≥ L0, and 25% < (L-L0) / L0×100% ≤ 40%: If M<M0, an orange warning will be issued; If M≥M0, a red warning is issued; (V) When L ≥ L0 and 40% < (L-L0) / L0×100%, a red warning is issued.

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