A broadband high-efficiency circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna

Abstract

The application discloses a broadband high-efficiency circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna, which comprises a feed source and a transmission array surface. The transmission array surface comprises a first metal pattern layer, a first dielectric layer, a metal ground plate layer, a second dielectric layer and a second metal pattern layer which are sequentially stacked. The first metal pattern layer comprises a plurality of receiving patches. The second metal pattern layer comprises a plurality of transmitting patches. The rotation angle of each receiving patch can be adjusted to match the polarization of the feed source to receive electromagnetic waves. The center of the transmitting patch is provided with a first U-shaped groove, and one end of the first U-shaped groove extends to the edge of the transmitting patch to form an opening. The rotation angle of the transmitting patch can be adjusted to compensate the phase of the incident electromagnetic waves to convert the electromagnetic waves into circularly polarized waves for output, so that the circularly polarized mode conversion with high aperture efficiency, wide frequency band and high gain is realized. Moreover, the transmission array surface has the advantages of low profile, small volume, compact structure, low production cost and easy processing.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of microwave technology, and particularly relates to a broadband high-efficiency circular polarization mode conversion transmission array antenna. BACKGROUND

[0002] For high-power microwave sources such as vacuum electron devices, such as gyrotrons, virtual cathode oscillators and relativistic backward wave tubes, the working mode is usually high-order symmetrical body mode TM 0m and TE 0m The far-field radiation pattern is often a hollow doughnut shape in the axial direction, and if such a mode is directly used to drive a microwave antenna to radiate, problems such as zero axial radiation and energy dispersion will occur, ultimately resulting in the inability to effectively concentrate energy on the target. In practical applications, in order to solve the above problems, a mode converter is usually used in a high-power microwave system to convert the working mode of the high-power microwave source into a mode conducive to transmission, such as TE 11 or circularly polarized mode, and then a conventional antenna is used to radiate it to free space.

[0003] Keqiang Wang et al. in the article “Theoretical and Experimental Investigations on a 90° Compact TM01-TE11 Mode Converter for RBWO” proposed a TM 01 -TE 11 mode converter, which combines a conventional mode converter with a 90° waveguide bending technology, ensuring high-efficiency mode conversion while making the structure compact. The TM 01 -TE 11 mode converter proposed in this scheme, although it improves the compactness of the structure, the length is still large, which cannot fully meet the requirements of overall miniaturization of the system.

[0004] Patent application CN108899637A proposes a high-power microwave mode conversion antenna based on a diffraction periodic structure, which proposes a cross-shaped periodic unit structure. The unit can compensate the phase of polarized waves in any direction, and the transmission array antenna composed of the unit can convert TM 01 mode waves into linearly polarized waves. Although the transmission array antenna with a planar structure makes the system structure more compact in this scheme, the overall profile of the antenna is increased and the structural stability is poor due to its multi-layer structure. In addition, through calculation, the aperture efficiency of the antenna is only 18.7%, and the 1-dB gain bandwidth is narrow.

[0005] Therefore, how to realize a compact, high aperture efficiency and high gain bandwidth circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna is still a technical problem at present. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the application provides a broadband high-efficiency circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the application is solved by the following technical scheme:

[0008] The application provides a broadband high-efficiency circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna, comprising a feed source and a transmission array array surface; the transmission array array surface comprises a first metal pattern layer, a first dielectric layer, a metal ground plate layer, a second dielectric layer and a second metal pattern layer which are stacked in sequence.

[0009] The first metal pattern layer comprises a plurality of receiving patches.

[0010] The second metal pattern layer comprises a plurality of transmitting patches; the plurality of transmitting patches and the plurality of receiving patches correspond to each other along a first direction; the first direction is perpendicular to the transmission array array surface; wherein each pair of transmitting patch and receiving patch corresponding along the first direction is electrically connected through a hole penetrating through the first dielectric layer, the metal ground plate layer and the second dielectric layer.

[0011] Wherein, the transmitting patch and the receiving patch are both circular; the center of the transmitting patch is provided with a first U-shaped groove, and one end of the first U-shaped groove extends to the edge of the transmitting patch to form an opening; the center of the receiving patch is provided with a second U-shaped groove.

[0012] Optionally, the outer edge of the transmitting patch is provided with two symmetrical notches; the two symmetrical notches are located on the two sides of the first U-shaped groove respectively.

[0013] Optionally, the transmission array array surface further comprises an adhesive layer; the adhesive layer is used for bonding the first dielectric layer and the metal ground plate layer.

[0014] Optionally, the hole penetrating through the metal ground plate layer is an isolation circular hole; the hole penetrating through the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer is a metalized via hole; the isolation circular hole and the metalized via hole are concentrically arranged; the diameter of the isolation circular hole is greater than the diameter of the metalized via hole.

[0015] Optionally, the feed source is a TM 0m mode feed source or a TE 0m mode feed source.

[0016] Optionally, the opening position of the opening is related to the rotation direction of the circularly polarized wave.

[0017] Optionally, the radius of the transmitting patch and the receiving patch is 3.1mm-4.6mm.

[0018] Optionally, the first U-shaped groove comprises a first rectangular groove, a first strip-shaped groove and a second strip-shaped groove; the first strip-shaped groove and the second strip-shaped groove are connected to two ends of the first rectangular groove respectively; the second strip-shaped groove extends to the edge of the transmitting patch to form the opening.

[0019] The length of the first rectangular groove ranges from 2mm to 3mm; the width of the first rectangular groove ranges from 0.5mm to 2.2mm; the length of the first strip-shaped groove ranges from 3.3mm to 6.7mm; the width of the first strip-shaped groove and the second strip-shaped groove ranges from 0.2mm to 0.5mm.

[0020] Optionally, the second U-shaped groove comprises a second rectangular groove and two third strip-shaped grooves; the two third strip-shaped grooves are connected to two ends of the second rectangular groove respectively.

[0021] The length of the second rectangular groove ranges from 2mm to 3mm; the width of the second rectangular groove ranges from 0.5mm to 2.2mm; the length of the two third strip-shaped grooves ranges from 3.3mm to 6.7mm; the width of the two third strip-shaped grooves ranges from 0.2mm to 0.5mm.

[0022] Optionally, the transmission array surface is a circular transmission array surface.

[0023] The wideband high-efficiency circular polarization mode conversion transmission array antenna provided by the application can match the polarization of the feed source by adjusting the rotation angle of each receiving patch to receive electromagnetic waves; the center of the transmitting patch is provided with a first U-shaped groove, and one end of the first U-shaped groove extends to the edge of the transmitting patch to form an opening; therefore, the rotation angle of the transmitting patch can be adjusted to compensate the phase of the incident electromagnetic waves to convert the electromagnetic waves into circularly polarized waves for output, so that the circular polarization mode conversion with high aperture efficiency, wide frequency band and high gain is realized.

[0024] The transmission array surface in the application comprises a first metal pattern layer, a first dielectric layer, a metal ground layer, a second dielectric layer and a second metal pattern layer which are stacked in sequence; compared with the transmission array surface in the existing antenna, the transmission array surface provided by the application has the advantages of low profile, small volume, compact structure, low production cost and easy processing.

[0025] The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1is a structural schematic diagram of a broadband high-efficiency circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0027] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a receiving patch provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0028] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a transmitting patch provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0029] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a transmission unit provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0030] Figure 5 is a size schematic diagram of a transmitting patch provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0031] Figure 6 is a size schematic diagram of a receiving patch provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0032] Figure 7 is an electric field distribution diagram of a TM 01 mode feed;

[0033] Figure 8 is a reflection coefficient diagram of a transmission unit provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0034] Figure 9 is a transmission coefficient diagram of a transmission unit provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0035] Figure 10 is a transmission coefficient diagram of a transmission unit in TE wave oblique incidence provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0036] Figure 11 is a transmission coefficient diagram of a transmission unit in TM wave oblique incidence provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0037] Figure 12 is a normalized directional diagram of a TM 01 mode feed at 12.7 GHz;

[0038] Figure 13 is a normalized directional diagram of a circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna at 12.7 GHz provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0039] Figure 14 is an axial ratio diagram of a circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0040] Figure 15 is a gain and efficiency diagram of a circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0041] Reference signs: 1, feed source; 2, transmission array surface; 3, receiving patch; 4, first dielectric layer; 5, adhesive layer; 6, metal floor layer; 7, metallized via; 8, second dielectric layer; 9, transmitting patch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the embodiments of the application are not limited thereto.

[0043] In order to solve the problems of low aperture efficiency, narrow gain bandwidth and high profile in the existing mode conversion transmission array antenna, the embodiment of the application provides a wideband high-efficiency circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a wideband high-efficiency circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna provided by the embodiment of the application, and the circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna comprises a feed source 1 and a transmission array surface 2.

[0044] In the embodiment of the application, the feed source 1 is a primary radiator of a high-gain antenna, which can change high-frequency current or bound electromagnetic waves into radiated electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic waves are spherical waves.

[0045] In the embodiment of the application, the transmission array surface 2 comprises a first metal pattern layer, a first dielectric layer 4, a metal floor layer 6, a second dielectric layer 8 and a second metal pattern layer which are sequentially stacked.

[0046] The first metal pattern layer comprises a plurality of receiving patches 3, and the receiving patches 3 are used to receive electromagnetic waves emitted by the feed source 1. Specifically, when the opening angle of the receiving patch 3 and the polarization of the feed source 1 are matched, the transmission array surface 2 can receive the electromagnetic waves emitted by the feed source 1 through the receiving patch 3.

[0047] The second metal pattern layer comprises a plurality of transmitting patches 9, and the transmitting patches 9 are used to transmit circularly polarized waves. Specifically, the opening angle of the transmitting patch 9 is rotated to compensate the phase of the electromagnetic waves incident on the receiving patch 3 corresponding to the transmitting patch 9, so as to convert the electromagnetic waves into circularly polarized waves for output; the circularly polarized waves are plane waves.

[0048] In the embodiment of the application, the specific compensation phase of the incident electromagnetic waves can be calculated by the following formula:

[0049]

[0050] wherein, represents the compensation phase required by the electromagnetic waves incident on the receiving patch 3 with coordinates (x n ,y n ); F represents the focal length of the transmission array surface 2; k0 represents the wave number in free space; represents the initial phase of the electromagnetic wave incident on the receiving patch 3; (x n ,y n represents the two-dimensional coordinates of the nth receiving patch 3, because the transmitting patch 9 and the receiving patch 3 are one-to-one corresponding, so the two-dimensional coordinates of the nth receiving patch 3 are the same as the two-dimensional coordinates of the nth transmitting patch 9.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present application, the plurality of transmitting patches 9 and the plurality of receiving patches 3 are one-to-one corresponding along the first direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the transmission array surface 2.

[0052] Wherein, each pair of transmitting patch 9 and receiving patch 3 corresponding along the first direction is electrically connected through the hole penetrating the first dielectric layer 4, the metal floor layer 6 and the second dielectric layer 8.

[0053] The first dielectric layer 4 and the second dielectric layer 8 can be F4BM220 dielectric plates, whose dielectric constant is 2.2 and loss tangent is 0.001. The thickness of the first dielectric layer 4 and the second dielectric layer 8 can be 1mm-3mm, preferably 2mm.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present application, the connecting position of each pair of transmitting patch 9 and receiving patch 3 corresponding along the first direction, which is electrically connected through the hole penetrating the first dielectric layer 4, the metal floor layer 6 and the second dielectric layer 8, is located at the center of the transmitting patch 9 and the receiving patch 3.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present application, the plurality of transmitting patches 9 and the plurality of receiving patches 3 are one-to-one corresponding along the first direction, and the arrangement period can be 10mm. Specifically, the transmission array surface 2 can be composed of a plurality of transmitting patches 9 and a plurality of receiving patches 3, both of which are 384 in number, through periodic arrangement. Wherein, the transmission array surface 2 can be a circular transmission array surface.

[0056] Referring to Figure 2 , Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the receiving patch 3 provided by the embodiment of the present application. The receiving patch 3 is circular, and a second U-shaped groove is arranged at the center of the receiving patch 3, and the lengths of the left and right sides of the second U-shaped groove are equal.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, the transmitting patch 9 is circular, and a first U-shaped groove is arranged at the center of the transmitting patch 9, and one end of the first U-shaped groove extends to the edge of the transmitting patch 9 to form an opening. Through the opening, a specific phase change can be formed at the edge of the transmitting patch.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present application, the receiving patch 3 and the transmitting patch 9 are both circular, which is more conducive to producing more uniform radiation in the 360° direction.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present application, the rotation angle of each receiving patch 3 can be adjusted to match the polarization of the feed source 1 to receive electromagnetic waves, the center of the transmitting patch 9 is provided with a first U-shaped groove, and one end of the first U-shaped groove extends to the edge of the transmitting patch 9 to form an opening, so that the rotation angle of the transmitting patch 9 can be adjusted to compensate the phase of the incident electromagnetic waves to convert the electromagnetic waves into circularly polarized waves for output, thereby realizing a circularly polarized mode conversion with high aperture efficiency, wide frequency band and high gain.

[0060] The transmission array surface 2 in the embodiment of the present application comprises a first metal pattern layer, a first dielectric layer 4, a metal ground layer 6, a second dielectric layer 8 and a second metal pattern layer which are stacked in sequence. Compared with the transmission array surface in the existing antenna, the transmission array surface 2 provided by the embodiment of the present application has the advantages of low profile, small volume, compact structure, low production cost and easy processing.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, the outer edge of the transmitting patch 9 is provided with two symmetrical notches, and the two symmetrical notches are respectively located on the two sides of the first U-shaped groove. Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 3 is a structure diagram of the transmitting patch 9 provided by the embodiment of the present application. Through the two symmetrical notches, the aperture efficiency of the circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna can be further improved.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, the transmission array surface 2 further comprises an adhesive layer 5, and the adhesive layer 5 is used to bond the first dielectric layer 4 and the metal ground layer 6.

[0063] The material of the adhesive layer 5 can be RO4450F. The dielectric constant and loss factor of RO4450F are low, so that the signal attenuation in the material can be reduced, and at the same time, RO4450F has a low z-axis expansion coefficient to ensure the reliability of the hole in the adhesive layer 5.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the adhesive layer 5 is preferably 0.1mm.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present application, each pair of receiving patch 3 and transmitting patch 9 and the first dielectric layer 4, adhesive layer 5, metal ground layer 6 and second dielectric layer 8 existing therebetween can be regarded as a transmission unit, and a transmission array surface is composed of a plurality of transmission units. Referring to Figure 4 , Figure 4 is a structure diagram of the transmission unit provided by the embodiment of the present application, comprising a receiving patch 3, a first dielectric layer 4, an adhesive layer 5, a metal ground layer 6, a metalized via 7, a second dielectric layer 8 and a transmitting patch 9.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present application, the holes penetrating the metal floor layer 6 are isolated circular holes, and the holes penetrating the first dielectric layer 4 and the second dielectric layer 8 are metallized vias 7. The isolated circular holes and the metallized vias 7 are concentrically arranged.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present application, in order to avoid the short circuit of electromagnetic wave energy during the transmission from the receiving patch 3 to the transmitting patch 9, so that the electromagnetic wave energy cannot be transmitted to the transmitting patch 9, the diameter of the isolated circular hole is greater than the diameter of the metallized via 7.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present application, the opening position of the transmitting patch 9 is related to the rotation direction of the circularly polarized wave. The circularly polarized wave includes right-handed circularly polarized wave and left-handed circularly polarized wave. When the circularly polarized wave is right-handed circularly polarized wave, the opening position is close to the side where the right-handed circularly polarized wave starts to rotate. Conversely, when the circularly polarized wave is left-handed circularly polarized wave, the opening position is close to the side where the left-handed circularly polarized wave starts to rotate.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present application, when the circularly polarized wave is right-handed circularly polarized wave, the rotation angle of each transmitting patch 9 can be adjusted in the counterclockwise direction to compensate the phase of the incident electromagnetic wave. When the circularly polarized wave is left-handed circularly polarized wave, the rotation angle of each transmitting patch 9 can be adjusted in the clockwise direction to compensate the phase of the incident electromagnetic wave.

[0070] In the embodiment of the present application, the transmission array plane 2 can receive electromagnetic waves of any polarization, and then convert the incident waves of any mode into circularly polarized waves. Each receiving patch 3 and transmitting patch 9 can rotate independently, and adjusting the rotation angle of the transmitting patch 9 can compensate the phase delay of the incident electromagnetic wave, so that the spherical wave emitted by the feed source 1 is converted into a high-gain plane wave and radiated into the free space as circularly polarized electromagnetic wave.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, the first U-shaped groove in the transmitting patch 9 includes a first rectangular groove, a first strip-shaped groove and a second strip-shaped groove. The first strip-shaped groove and the second strip-shaped groove are connected to the two ends of the first rectangular groove respectively; and the second strip-shaped groove extends to the edge of the transmitting patch 9 to form an opening.

[0072] Referring to Figure 5 , Figure 5is a size diagram of the transmitting patch 9 provided by the embodiment of the present application. Wherein, W2 represents the length of the first rectangular groove, the length range of which is 2mm-3mm. L2 represents the width of the first rectangular groove, the width range of which is 0.5mm-2.2mm. The length of the first strip-shaped groove is the sum of L1 and L2, wherein the value range of L1 is 2.8mm-4.5mm, and the value range of L2 is 0.5mm-2.2mm, thus the length range of the first strip-shaped groove is 3.3mm-6.7mm. W1 is used to represent the width of the first strip-shaped groove and the second strip-shaped groove, and the width range of each is 0.2mm-0.5mm. W3 represents the width of the first U-shaped groove, wherein W3=2W1+W2. Specifically, the width range of W3 is 2.4mm-4mm.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present application, the outer edge of the transmitting patch 9 is provided with two symmetrical notches, and the corresponding arc is β, the value range of β is 10°-70°.

[0074] In the embodiment of the present application, the outer edge of the transmitting patch 9 is provided with two symmetrical notches, and the depth of the notch is represented by the difference between R1 and R2. Wherein, R1 represents the radius of the transmitting patch 9, the value range of which is 3.1mm-4.6mm, and the value range of R2 is 1.8mm-R1. When the value of R2 is equal to the value of R1, the depth of the notch is 0, and the transmitting patch 9 is circular, that is, there are no two symmetrical notches. When the value of R2 is less than the value of R1, the transmitting patch 9 is a circle, and the outer edge of the transmitting patch 9 has two symmetrical notches.

[0075] In the embodiment of the present application, the second U-shaped groove in the receiving patch 3 includes a second rectangular groove and two third strip-shaped grooves; wherein the two third strip-shaped grooves are respectively connected to the two ends of the second rectangular groove.

[0076] Referring to Figure 6 , Figure 6 is a size diagram of the receiving patch 3 provided by the embodiment of the present application. Wherein, W2 represents the length of the second rectangular groove, the length range of which is 2mm-3mm. L2 represents the width of the second rectangular groove, the width range of which is 0.5mm-2.2mm. The length of the third strip-shaped groove is the sum of L1 and L2, wherein the value range of L1 is 2.8mm-4.5mm, and the value range of L2 is 0.5mm-2.2mm, thus the length range of the third strip-shaped groove is 3.3mm-6.7mm. W1 is used to represent the width of the third strip-shaped groove, the width range of which is 0.2mm-0.5mm. W3 represents the width of the second U-shaped groove, wherein W3=2W1+W2. Specifically, the width range of W3 is 2.4mm-4mm. The radius of the receiving patch 3 is R1, and the value range of R1 is 3.1mm-4.6mm.

[0077] In this embodiment of the invention, the electrical dimensions of the receiving patch 3 and the transmitting patch 9 can be changed accordingly based on the operating frequency of the transmission array 2.

[0078] In this embodiment of the invention, feed source 1 is a TM. 0m Mode feed or TE 0m Mode feed. Wherein, TM 0m The mode feed is a transverse magnetic field mode feed, TE 0m The mode feed is a transverse electric field mode feed.

[0079] With TM 0m The mode feed is TM 01 Taking the mode feed as an example, specifically, the transmission array 2 can be composed of 384 transmitting patches 9 and 3 receiving patches arranged periodically. 01 The distance from the phase center of the mode feed to the antenna array is 187m. (See also...) Figure 7 , Figure 7 It's TM 01 The electric field distribution of the mode feed is axisymmetric and diverges outward from the center. Adjusting the rotation angle of the receiving patch 3 to match the polarization direction of the incident wave, TM... 01 TM emitted by the mode feed 01 The mode electromagnetic waves are received by the transmission array 2.

[0080] The circularly polarized mode-converting transmission array antenna achieves high-gain, high-directional radiation by rotating each transmitting patch 9 to compensate for the phase of the electromagnetic waves incident on the transmission element, thus completing mode conversion simultaneously. See also... Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a reflection coefficient diagram of the transmission unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The transmission unit receives the reflection coefficients from two orthogonal directions, according to... Figure 8 It can be seen that this transmission unit has polarization selectivity. Within the frequency range of 10.5 GHz to 15 GHz, the reflection amplitude of the x-polarized wave is close to 0 dB, and the reflection amplitude of the y-polarized wave is less than -10 dB, where R... x-x R represents the reflection coefficient of x-polarized waves; y-y This represents the reflection coefficient of the y-polarized wave.

[0081] See Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a transmission coefficient diagram of the transmission unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The transmission unit can convert the received electromagnetic wave into a right-hand circularly polarized wave, and the transmission amplitude is greater than -1dB in the frequency range of 10.5GHz-15GHz. Where T... rcp-x T represents the transmission coefficient from an x-polarized wave to a right-hand circularly polarized wave; lcp-yA transmission coefficient of a y-polarized wave to a left-handed circularly polarized wave.

[0082] Referring to Figure 10 and Figure 11 , Figure 10 is a transmission coefficient diagram of the transmission unit in the embodiment of the application when a TE wave is obliquely incident. Figure 11 is a transmission coefficient diagram of the transmission unit in the embodiment of the application when a TM wave is obliquely incident. The transmission unit has little change in transmission amplitude and transmission phase under different oblique incident angles of the incident wave, including 0°, 10°, 20° and 30°, and the frequency is in the range of 10.5 GHz-15 GHz, so that the circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna provided in the embodiment of the application has good oblique incident performance.

[0083] Referring to Figure 12 , Figure 12 is a TM 01 mode feed normalized pattern at 12.7 GHz. The pattern has one radiation zero point in the axial direction, and the pattern has an axial symmetry characteristic. Wherein, xoz-Plane represents the normalized pattern of the xoz plane; yoz-Plane represents the normalized pattern of the yoz plane; Theta represents the angle between the position vector and the z axis, ranging from -90° to 90°; Gain represents the gain of the feed.

[0084] Referring to Figure 13 , Figure 13 is a normalized pattern of the circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna provided in the embodiment of the application at 12.7 GHz, wherein, E-Plane RHCP represents the right-handed circularly polarized normalized pattern of the E plane; H-Plane RHCP represents the right-handed circularly polarized normalized pattern of the H plane; E-Plane LHCP represents the left-handed circularly polarized normalized pattern of the E plane; H-Plane LHCP represents the left-handed circularly polarized normalized pattern of the H plane. It can be known from Figure 12 that the circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna provided in the embodiment of the application successfully converts the TM 01 mode electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed 1 into a right-handed circularly polarized wave with high gain and high directivity after passing through the transmission array surface 2, and eliminates the radiation zero point.

[0085] Referring to Figure 14 and Figure 15 , Figure 14 is an axial ratio diagram of the circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna provided in the embodiment of the application, Figure 15 is a gain and efficiency diagram of the circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna provided in the embodiment of the application, wherein, Gain represents the gain of the antenna; Aperture Efficiency represents the aperture efficiency of the antenna. Figure 14 and Figure 15The axial ratio curve, the gain curve and the efficiency curve of the circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna provided by the embodiment are given. It can be seen that the gain of the circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna is 27.5dBi at a frequency of 12.7GHz, the aperture efficiency is 65%, the 1-dB gain bandwidth is 21.7%(11.5GHz-14.3GHz), and the 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth covers the 1-dB gain bandwidth, which shows that the circularly polarized transmission array antenna in the embodiment has the advantages of wide bandwidth, high efficiency and high gain while completing mode conversion.

[0086] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application.

[0087] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in the present specification.

[0088] Although the present application is described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, other variations of the disclosed embodiments can be understood and implemented by those skilled in the art with reference to the drawings and the disclosure. In the description of the present application, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, "one" or "an" does not exclude a plurality, and "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In addition, some measures are described in different embodiments, but this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.

[0089] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0090] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0091] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature "on", "above" and "over" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "under", "below" and "under" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0092] The above is a further detailed description of the present application in combination with specific preferred embodiments, which cannot be considered as limiting the specific implementation of the present application to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, which should be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A broadband high-efficiency circularly polarized mode conversion transmission array antenna, characterized in that, The transmission array surface comprises a first metal pattern layer, a first dielectric layer, a metal ground plane layer, a second dielectric layer and a second metal pattern layer which are sequentially stacked; The first metal pattern layer comprises a plurality of receiving patches; The second metal pattern layer comprises a plurality of transmitting patches; the plurality of transmitting patches and the plurality of receiving patches correspond to each other along a first direction; the first direction is perpendicular to the transmission array surface; wherein each pair of corresponding transmitting patch and receiving patch along the first direction is electrically connected through a hole penetrating through the first dielectric layer, the metal ground plane layer and the second dielectric layer; The transmitting patch and the receiving patch are both circular; the center of the transmitting patch is provided with a first U-shaped groove, and one end of the first U-shaped groove extends to the edge of the transmitting patch to form an opening; the center of the receiving patch is provided with a second U-shaped groove; The phase of the electromagnetic wave incident on the corresponding receiving patch of the transmitting patch can be compensated by rotating the opening angle of the transmitting patch, so as to convert the electromagnetic wave into a circularly polarized wave for output; The opening forms a specific phase change at the edge of the transmitting patch; the opening position of the opening is related to the rotation direction of the circularly polarized wave; the circularly polarized wave comprises a right-handed circularly polarized wave and a left-handed circularly polarized wave; when the circularly polarized wave is the right-handed circularly polarized wave, the opening position is close to the side where the right-handed circularly polarized wave starts to rotate; when the circularly polarized wave is the left-handed circularly polarized wave, the opening position is close to the side where the left-handed circularly polarized wave starts to rotate.

2. The circularly polarized pattern conversion array antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The outer edge of the transmitting patch is provided with two symmetrical notches; the two symmetrical notches are located on the two sides of the first U-shaped groove, respectively.

3. The circularly polarized pattern conversion array antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission array surface further comprises an adhesive layer; the adhesive layer is used for bonding the first dielectric layer and the metal ground plane layer.

4. The circularly polarized pattern conversion array antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The hole penetrating through the metal ground plane layer is an isolated circular hole; the hole penetrating through the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer is a metalized via hole; the isolated circular hole and the metalized via hole are concentrically arranged; the diameter of the isolated circular hole is greater than the diameter of the metalized via hole.

5. The circularly polarized pattern conversion array antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The feed is TM 0m mode feed or TE 0m mode feed.

6. The circularly polarized pattern conversion array antenna of claim 1, wherein, The radius of the transmitting patch and the receiving patch is 3.1mm-4.6mm.

7. The circularly polarized pattern conversion array antenna of claim 1, wherein, The first U-shaped groove comprises a first rectangular groove, a first strip-shaped groove and a second strip-shaped groove; the first strip-shaped groove and the second strip-shaped groove are connected to the two ends of the first rectangular groove, respectively; the second strip-shaped groove extends to the edge of the transmitting patch to form the opening; The length of the first rectangular groove ranges from 2mm to 3mm; the width of the first rectangular groove ranges from 0.5mm to 2.2mm; the length of the first strip-shaped groove ranges from 3.3mm to 6.7mm; the width of the first strip-shaped groove and the second strip-shaped groove ranges from 0.2mm to 0.5mm.

8. The circularly polarized pattern conversion array antenna of claim 1, wherein, The second U-shaped groove comprises a second rectangular groove and two third strip-shaped grooves; the two third strip-shaped grooves are connected to the two ends of the second rectangular groove, respectively; The length of the second rectangular groove ranges from 2mm to 3mm; the width of the second rectangular groove ranges from 0.5mm to 2.2mm; the length of each of the two third strip-shaped grooves ranges from 3.3mm to 6.7mm; and the width of each of the two third strip-shaped grooves ranges from 0.2mm to 0.5mm.

9. The circularly polarized pattern conversion array antenna of claim 1, wherein, The transmission array surface is a circular transmission array surface.

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