A fidelity and pressure-maintaining sampling device and method for seafloor sediments

Abstract

A fidelity and pressure-maintaining sampling device and method for seabed sediments; the fidelity and pressure-maintaining sampling device comprises: a fixing frame, a collecting mechanism, a propulsion mechanism and a pressure-maintaining mechanism; a protective cover is movably mounted on the outside of the collecting mechanism in a lifting manner; the collecting mechanism contacts the protective cover downward and drives the protective cover to move downward during the descent process; the support rod descends until the lower clamping block is clamped downward to the end cover fixing hole, so that the lower clamping block and the end cover fixing hole are relatively limited, and the pressure-maintaining end cover limits the lower end of the collecting mechanism to seal the sampling tube. The sampling tube of this scheme has a protective cover surrounding the sampling tube during sampling, which can prevent the outer wall of the sampling tube from being adhered to by sediments, improve the fidelity and pressure-maintaining effect of the collection, and is connected to the sampling tube through the pressure-maintaining end cover when the sampling is completed. The connection between the pressure-maintaining end cover and the sampling tube is tighter, so that the sampling can be completed with fidelity and pressure-maintaining, solving the problem that the existing sampling device cannot collect seabed sediments with fidelity and pressure-maintaining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of sampling devices, and in particular to a fidelity and pressure-maintaining sampling device and method for seabed sediments. Background Art

[0002] Sampling of seabed sediments is helpful for the detection of the seabed ecological environment and is of great significance for the study of the formation and characteristics of hydrates. After using the sampling device to achieve pressure-maintained sampling from the seawater-sediment interface, in order to diversify the subsequent sample utilization, the sediment samples and overlying water samples in the fidelity sampler need to be transferred to their respective sample tubes. At present, the transfer of samples usually adopts pressure relief transfer, which can easily lead to the loss of gas phase components of the sample, the death of microorganisms, changes in oxidation state and decomposition of organic components; therefore, there is a need for a device that can achieve large-diameter deep seabed sediment sampling without disturbance of the interface, maintain its original characteristics during the collection process, and at the same time, after the sampling is completed, support the sediment sample as a whole and achieve pressure-maintained fidelity sampling. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fidelity and pressure-maintaining sampling device for seabed sediments, which uses a mechanical structure to maintain the position of the pressure-maintaining end cover on the sampling tube. When sampling, the protective cover surrounds the sampling tube, which can prevent the outer wall of the sampling tube from being adhered to the sediment, thereby improving the fidelity and pressure-maintaining effect of the collection. When the sampling is completed, the pressure-maintaining end cover is connected to the sampling tube as a whole. The connection between the pressure-maintaining end cover and the sampling tube is tighter, so that the sampling can be completed with fidelity and pressure maintenance.

[0004] The invention also provides a method for sampling seabed sediments with a high fidelity and high pressure.

[0005] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A fidelity and pressure-maintaining sampling device for seafloor sediments, comprising: a fixing frame, a collecting mechanism, a propulsion mechanism and a pressure-maintaining mechanism;

[0007] The collection mechanism comprises: a sampling tube;

[0008] The sampling tube is movable in a lifting manner on the fixing frame;

[0009] The propulsion mechanism comprises: a protective sleeve and a support rod;

[0010] The support rod is limitedly lifted and lowered on the fixing frame; the protective cover is movably lifted and lowered on the outer side of the collecting mechanism; the collecting mechanism contacts the protective cover downward and drives the protective cover to move downward during the descending process;

[0011] The support rod is provided with a one-way clamping block, and the one-way clamping block comprises: a lower clamping block; the lower clamping block is arranged at the lower end of the support rod;

[0012] The pressure-maintaining mechanism comprises: a pressure-maintaining end cover;

[0013] The pressure-maintaining end cover is provided with an end cover fixing hole; the support rod is lowered to clamp the lower clamping block downwardly into the end cover fixing hole, so that the lower clamping block and the end cover fixing hole are relatively limited, and the pressure-maintaining end cover limits the lower end of the collection mechanism to seal the sampling tube.

[0014] Preferably, the propulsion mechanism further comprises: a top ring; the fixing frame is provided with a positioning hole; the support rod is connected to the top ring, and the top ring is located above the fixing frame;

[0015] The one-way clamp block further comprises: an upper clamp block and a middle clamp block; the top ring, the upper clamp block, the middle clamp block and the lower clamp block are sequentially distributed on the support rod from high to low;

[0016] A top clamping position is formed between the top ring and the upper clamping block, and a top cover is provided at the upper end of the collecting mechanism;

[0017] The collecting mechanism rises until the top cover is limited to the top clamping position, so that the top ring, the support rod and the collecting mechanism are connected as one body;

[0018] The middle clamping block is lifted and lowered to pass through the positioning hole and is limited at the upper end or the lower end of the positioning hole; when the middle clamping block descends to abut against the upper end of the positioning hole, the vacant position at the lower end of the collecting mechanism is used to accommodate the pressure-maintaining end cover; when the middle clamping block descends to the lower end of the positioning hole, the lower clamping block is clamped in the end cover fixing hole.

[0019] Optimally, the outer diameter of the one-way clamping block in the upper half gradually increases from the upper end to the lower end, and the outer diameter of the one-way clamping block in the lower half gradually decreases from the upper end to the lower end.

[0020] Optimally, the sampling tube is provided with a reversing valve, and one of the output ends of the reversing valve is connected to the input end of the one-way valve.

[0021] Optimally, the inner wall of the protective cover is attached to the outer wall of the sampling tube, and the sampling tube moves through the end of the protective cover.

[0022] Preferably, the collecting mechanism drives the top of the protective sleeve to drop to a plane lower than the plane where the pressure-maintaining end cover is located;

[0023] The pressure-maintaining mechanism comprises: a pressure-maintaining moving driver;

[0024] The output end of the pressure-maintaining moving driver is connected to the pressure-maintaining end cover, and is used to drive the pressure-maintaining end cover to move horizontally, so that the pressure-maintaining end cover moves horizontally to vertically align with the lower end of the collecting mechanism, and the lower end of the collecting mechanism descends to be installed on the pressure-maintaining end cover.

[0025] Optimally, the propulsion mechanism further comprises: a cylindrical cutter head;

[0026] The collecting mechanism contacts the protective cover downwards, and drives the protective cover to move downwards during the descending process, so that the collecting mechanism or the protective cover contacts the cylindrical cutter head downwards;

[0027] The collecting mechanism also includes: a petal-shaped cutter;

[0028] The petal-shaped cutter is provided with shrapnel petals and a shrapnel cylinder; a plurality of the shrapnel petals are mounted around the shrapnel cylinder, and the plurality of the shrapnel petals elastically shrink toward the surrounding inner circle; the lower end of the sampling tube is connected to the shrapnel cylinder;

[0029] The cylindrical cutter head is relatively slidably limited to an inner circle surrounded by a plurality of shrapnel petals to open the shrapnel petals; after the cylindrical cutter head is separated from the shrapnel petals during the relative upward movement of the collection mechanism, the shrapnel petals elastically shrink to cover the opening of the sampling tube.

[0030] Preferably, the pressure-maintaining end cover is provided with a stop valve connected to the sampling tube;

[0031] The plurality of shrapnel petals are pressed against the surrounding inner ring to form a feed inlet; the stop valve is located at the feed inlet.

[0032] A method for sampling seafloor sediments with high fidelity and pressure, comprising the following steps:

[0033] (1) The collecting mechanism moves downward until it contacts the protective cover and drives the protective cover to move downward, and the collecting mechanism and the protective cover extend into the sediment below the seabed surface;

[0034] (2) The sediment enters the sampling tube through the cylindrical cutter head until the sediment fills the sampling tube, and then the collection mechanism is driven to rise, and the protective cover is kept limited; the collection mechanism rises until it is completely separated from the protective cover; the collection mechanism rises until the top cover is clamped in the top clamping position formed between the top ring and the upper clamping block, so that the top ring, the support rod and the collection mechanism are connected as one;

[0035] (3) The pressure-maintaining end cover moves horizontally through the space between the collection mechanism and the protective cover, so that the pressure-maintaining end cover is located directly below the collection mechanism; the collection mechanism moves downward, driving the lower clamping block of the support rod to clamp into the end cover fixing hole of the pressure-maintaining end cover, so that the top ring, the support rod, the collection mechanism and the pressure-maintaining end cover are connected as one; the pressure-maintaining end cover is installed at the bottom of the collection mechanism to seal the sampling tube under pressure.

[0036] Preferably, in step (1), the collecting mechanism moves downward to contact the protective sleeve and drives the protective sleeve to move downward, the collecting mechanism or the protective sleeve moves downward to contact the cylindrical cutter head, and the cylindrical cutter head and the collecting mechanism extend into the sediment below the seabed surface;

[0037] In the step (2), the sediment enters the sampling tube through the cylindrical cutter head until the sediment fills the sampling tube, and then the collection mechanism is driven to rise and the protective sleeve is kept limited, and the cylindrical cutter head and the spring petals at the lower end of the collection mechanism are gradually separated; when the spring petals shrink toward the inner circle under the action of elasticity to cover the opening of the sampling tube, the seabed sediment is cut off and the sediment is retained in the sampling tube.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, one of the above technical solutions has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] The present invention provides a fidelity and pressure-maintaining sampling device for seabed sediments, which uses a mechanical structure to maintain the position of the pressure-maintaining end cap on the sampling tube. The protective sleeve of the sampling tube surrounds the sampling tube during sampling, which can prevent the outer wall of the sampling tube from being adhered to the sediment, thereby improving the fidelity and pressure-maintaining effect of the collection. When the sampling is completed, the pressure-maintaining end cap is connected to the sampling tube as a whole. The connection between the pressure-maintaining end cap and the sampling tube is tighter, so that the sampling can be completed with fidelity and pressure maintenance, solving the problem that the existing sampling device cannot maintain fidelity and pressure when collecting seabed sediments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of a fidelity and pressure-maintaining sampling device;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of one of the embodiments before the pressure-maintaining end cover is connected to the collection mechanism;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment when the pressure-maintaining end cover is connected to the collection mechanism;

[0043] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment when the shrapnel cylinder is installed on the shrapnel petals;

[0044] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment when the shrapnel cylinder is separated from the shrapnel petals;

[0045] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment when the pressure-maintaining end cover is connected to the lower end of the collecting mechanism;

[0046] Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of one embodiment when the collecting mechanism and the propulsion mechanism are assembled;

[0047] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of part B in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "inner end", "outer end", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features, which are used to distinguish and describe the features, without distinction of order or importance. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means more than two.

[0050] like Figure 1-8 , a fidelity and pressure-maintaining sampling device for seafloor sediments, comprising: a fixing frame 1, a collecting mechanism 2, a propulsion mechanism 3 and a pressure-maintaining mechanism 4;

[0051] The collection mechanism 2 includes: a sampling tube 21;

[0052] The sampling tube 21 is movable in a lifting manner on the fixing frame 1;

[0053] The propulsion mechanism 3 includes: a protective cover 31 and a support rod 32;

[0054] The support rod 32 is limitedly lifted and lowered on the fixing frame 1; the protective cover 31 is movably mounted on the outer side of the collecting mechanism 2; the collecting mechanism 2 contacts the protective cover 31 downward and drives the protective cover 31 to move downward during the descending process;

[0055] The support rod 32 is provided with a one-way block 321, and the one-way block 321 includes: a lower block 3211; the lower block 3211 is arranged at the lower end of the support rod 32;

[0056] The pressure-maintaining mechanism 4 comprises: a pressure-maintaining end cover 41;

[0057] The pressure-maintaining end cover 41 is provided with an end cover fixing hole 411; the support rod 32 is lowered to clamp the lower clamping block 3211 downwardly into the end cover fixing hole 411, so that the lower clamping block 3211 and the end cover fixing hole 411 are relatively limited, and the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 limits the lower end of the collection mechanism 2 to seal the sampling tube 21.

[0058] The present solution provides a fidelity and pressure-maintaining sampling device for seabed sediments, which uses a mechanical structure to maintain the position of the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 on the sampling tube 21, and can ensure that the sampling tube 21 is connected to the sampling tube 21 through the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 when sampling is completed. The connection between the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 and the sampling tube 21 is tighter, so that sampling can be completed with fidelity and pressure maintenance, solving the problem that the existing sampling device cannot maintain fidelity and pressure when collecting seabed sediments.

[0059] Specifically, the sampling tube 21 is installed on the fixed frame 1 in a lifting manner. The sampling tube 21 can be lifted and moved in a known manner, for example, by a known lifting mechanism such as a combination of a cylinder, an oil cylinder, a motor and a screw rod, as long as the sampling tube 21 is driven to lift and move. The collection mechanism 2 contacts the protective cover 31 downward. When the collection mechanism 2 moves downward, the sampling tube 21 will directly or indirectly drive the protective cover 31 to fall synchronously during the descent period; the protective cover 31 and the sampling tube 21 are sequentially extended into the sediment, and the sediment enters the sampling tube 21; the outer wall of the sampling tube 21 of this solution is increased with a protective cover 31, and the protective cover 31 surrounds the sampling tube 21 to prevent the outer wall of the sampling tube 21 from being adhered to by the sediment. On the one hand, the outer side of the sampling tube 21 can prevent the sediment from adhering to the outer wall of the sampling tube 21 and causing the situation of not being sealed. On the other hand, the protective cover 31 can reduce the influence of the external environment on the sampling tube 21 during sampling, thereby further improving the effect of collecting fidelity and pressure. When the sampling tube 21 of the present application is fully extended into the sediment, the sediment eventually fills up the sampling tube 21; when the sampling is completed, the protective cover 31 can be kept directly or indirectly limited, such as by artificial restriction or mechanical structure (e.g. Figure 7 The lower end of the sleeve rod 35 is connected to the protective sleeve 31. The protective sleeve 31 can be limited by limiting the upper end of the sleeve rod 35 to limit the movement of the protective sleeve 31, and then drive the sampling tube 21 to move upward, so that the sampling tube 21 is separated from the protective sleeve 31, thereby taking the seabed sediments in the sampling tube 21 out of the seabed. Figure 1 In this solution, a mechanical structure is used to maintain the limit position of the pressure-maintaining end cap 41 on the sampling tube 21, so as to ensure that the pressure-maintaining end cap 41 and the sampling tube 21 are connected as one body, and the connection between the pressure-maintaining end cap 41 and the sampling tube 21 is tighter; specifically, as Figure 2The lower end of the support rod 32 is provided with a lower clamping block 3211. When the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 moves horizontally to vertically align with the lower end of the collection mechanism 2 (for example, the opening at the lower end of the sampling tube 21, or the opening at the lower end of the protective sleeve 31, or the lower end of the shrapnel cylinder 222, etc.), the collection mechanism 2 can be driven to move downward, for example, the sampling tube 21 is driven to move downward, so that any mechanism of the collection mechanism 2 is vertically against the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, and then the support rod 32 is driven to move downward relative to the fixing frame 1, and the lower clamping block 3211 at the lower end of the support rod 32 is clamped downward into the end cover fixing hole 411 of the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, so that after the collection mechanism 2 is against the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, the lower clamping block 3211 and the end cover fixing hole 411 are locked in position, thereby improving the connection tightness between the collection mechanism 2 and the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, and ensuring that the opening at the lower end of the collection mechanism 2 is not interfered with. Figure 3 .

[0060] Optimally, the propulsion mechanism 3 further includes: a top ring 34; the fixing frame 1 is provided with a positioning hole 12; the support rod 32 is connected to the top ring 34, and the top ring 34 is located above the fixing frame 1;

[0061] The one-way block 321 further includes: an upper block 3213 and a middle block 3212; the top ring 34, the upper block 3213, the middle block 3212 and the lower block 3211 are sequentially distributed on the support rod 32 from high to low;

[0062] A top clamping position 341 is formed between the top ring 34 and the upper clamping block 3213, and a top cover 23 is provided at the upper end of the collecting mechanism 2;

[0063] The collecting mechanism 2 rises until the top cover 23 is limited to the top clamping position 341, so that the top ring 34, the support rod 32 and the collecting mechanism 2 are connected as one.

[0064] The middle clamping block 3212 is lifted and lowered to pass through the positioning hole 12 and is limited at the upper end or the lower end of the positioning hole 12; when the middle clamping block 3212 descends to abut against the upper end of the positioning hole 12, the vacant position at the lower end of the collecting mechanism 2 is used to accommodate the pressure-maintaining end cover 41; when the middle clamping block 3212 descends to the lower end of the positioning hole 12, the lower clamping block 3211 is clamped in the end cover fixing hole 411.

[0065] The top ring 34, the upper clamping block 3213, the middle clamping block 3212 and the lower clamping block 3211 are sequentially distributed on the support rod 32; during collection, the support rod 32 and the top ring 34 do not affect the collection mechanism 2; when the collection mechanism 2 completes collection, the collection mechanism 2 moves upward, and at the end of the movement, it passes through the upper clamping block 3213 and is limited to the top clamping position 341; under the relative action of the top ring 34 above and the upper clamping block 3213 below, the top ring 34, the support rod 32 and the collection mechanism 2 are connected as a whole; at this time, if any one of the top ring 34, the support rod 32 and the collection mechanism 2 is driven to move downward, the top ring 34, the support rod 32 and the collection mechanism 2 can be driven to move downward together; when the middle clamping block 3212 drops to the upper end of the positioning hole 12, this is one of the nodes in the pressure holding process, and the middle clamping block 321 2 is positioned at the upper end of the positioning hole 12, and the exposed position below the collecting mechanism 2 can not only meet the horizontal movement of the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, but also enable the subsequent downward movement of the collecting mechanism 2 to cooperate with the pressure-maintaining end cover 41; when the top ring 34, the support rod 32 and the collecting mechanism 2 continue to move downward, the lower clamping block 3211 below the support rod 32 will be driven to clamp the end cover fixing hole 411 of the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, so that the top ring 34, the support rod 32, the collecting mechanism 2 and the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 are connected as a whole, and based on the position of the middle clamping block 3212 just located at the lower end of the positioning hole 12 at this time, the middle clamping block 3212 is not easy to pass through the positioning hole 12 upward, so that the connection tightness of the top ring 34, the support rod 32, the collecting mechanism 2 and the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 is improved, thereby improving the pressure-maintaining stability.

[0066] For the upper block 3213, the middle block 3212 and the lower block 3211, their passing through the top cover 23, the positioning hole 12 or the end cover fixing hole 411 can be achieved through deformation, and can also be achieved by selecting the material, or can be achieved by the structure of the one-way block 321. For example, the material of the one-way block 321 is selected to be a material with a certain degree of deformation, such as plastic, rubber, a thinner and elastic metal piece, etc., and can also be achieved by a known elastic adjustment mechanism, such as using a spring to open the upper block 3213, the middle block 3212 or the lower block 3211 to the surface protruding from the support rod. When entering the top cover 23, the positioning hole 12 or the end cover fixing hole 411, the upper block 3213, the middle block 3212 or the lower block 3211 is elastically stored inside the support rod, and after extending out, it extends out of the surface of the support rod under the action of the spring reset.

[0067] Optimally, the outer diameter of the one-way block 321 in the upper part gradually increases from the upper end to the lower end, and the outer diameter of the one-way block 321 in the lower part gradually decreases from the upper end to the lower end.

[0068] As shown in the figure, when any one of the upper clamping block 3213, the middle clamping block 3212 and the lower clamping block 3211 is used as the one-way clamping block 321, its outer diameter is determined according to the actual situation; for the upper clamping block 3213, it needs to clamp the top cover 23 when it moves relatively downward, and it also needs to separate from the top cover 23 when it moves relatively upward, so its outer diameter in the upper half gradually increases from the upper end to the lower end, and its outer diameter in the lower half gradually decreases from the upper end to the lower end; similarly, for the middle clamping block 3212, it needs to be lifted and moved between the upper and lower ends of the positioning hole 12, so its outer diameter in the upper half gradually increases from the upper end to the lower end, and its outer diameter in the lower half gradually decreases from the upper end to the lower end; for the lower clamping block 3211, it is mainly clamped in the end cover fixing hole 411 when it moves relatively downward, so it only needs to reduce the outer diameter of the lower half from the upper end to the lower end.

[0069] Optimally, the sampling tube 21 is provided with a reversing valve 14 , and one output end of the reversing valve 14 is connected to the input end of the one-way valve 13 .

[0070] For some embodiments, Figure 7 In the process of collecting sediments, in order to further increase the amount of sediment collected, the reversing valve 14 is switched to the one-way valve 13, and the input end of the one-way valve 13 is indirectly connected to the sampling tube 21. In this way, when the seabed sediments are in situ, the one-way valve can discharge seawater in one direction, so that more sediments can be collected in the same sampling tube 21, so that only most of the solid sediments are retained. Especially for the embodiment in which the shrapnel petals 221 form the feed port 223, removing water can reduce the fluidity of the sediment, so that the shrapnel petals 221 mainly hold up the solid part, and prevent the liquid from driving the solid part to flow away from the feed port 223. Among them, the drainage device 6 can also be connected to the one-way valve 13, and the drainage device 6 uses negative pressure to continuously discharge the water in the sediment; the drainage device 6 is a well-known mechanism with drainage function, which mainly discharges the water in the sampling tube 21 through negative pressure. When the sampling device completes sampling, the reversing valve 14 can be closed, so that the sampling tube 21 is completely sealed, so that the sampling can be carried out with high fidelity, pressure maintenance, no interference and low water content.

[0071] Optimally, the inner wall of the protective cover is attached to the outer wall of the sampling tube, and the sampling tube moves through the end of the protective cover.

[0072] When the sampling tube 21 moves relative to the protective cover 31, the end of the protective cover 31 can scrape the sediment on the outer wall of the sampling tube 21 to remove the sediment, avoid the subsequent impact on the assembly of the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, and improve the surface cleanliness of the sampling tube 21 and the service life, thereby protecting the outer wall of the sampling tube 21 and preventing pollutants from hanging on the outer wall of the sampling tube 21, solving the problem that the existing solution cannot protect the outer wall of the sampling tube 21. At the same time, the clean end surface is conducive to the sealing effect of the sampling tube 21, thereby improving the effect of maintaining fidelity and pressure.

[0073] Optimally, the collecting mechanism 2 drives the top of the protective cover 31 to drop to a plane lower than the plane where the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 is located;

[0074] The pressure-maintaining mechanism 4 includes: a pressure-maintaining moving driver 42;

[0075] The output end of the pressure-maintaining movement driver 42 is connected to the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, and is used to drive the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 to move horizontally, so that the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 moves horizontally to vertically align with the lower end of the collecting mechanism 2, and the lower end of the collecting mechanism 2 descends to be installed on the pressure-maintaining end cover 41.

[0076] After the collection mechanism 2 drives the protective cover 31 to descend, the end point of the descent is preferably that the top of the protective cover 31 is lower than the plane where the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 is located; the advantage of this spatial distribution is that after the subsequent collection is completed, the sampling tube 21 only needs to move upward to completely separate from the protective cover 31, and then start the pressure-maintaining moving driver 42. The output end of the pressure-maintaining moving driver 42 drives the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 to move horizontally to the lower end of the collection mechanism 2 (for example, the lower end of the sampling tube 21 or the lower end of the shrapnel cylinder 222). The sampling tube 21 only needs to descend again to make the collection mechanism 2 descend as a whole. The lower end of the collecting mechanism 2 is finally installed on the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, so that the sampling tube 21 or the spring cylinder 222, etc., as the lower end part of the collecting mechanism 2, are assembled with the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, and finally the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 is directly or indirectly installed on the lower end of the collecting mechanism 2 to seal the lower end opening of the sampling tube 21; in this way, when the collecting mechanism 2 drives the protective cover 31 to move downward, the top of the protective cover 31 will be cleared of air, and after the sediment collection is completed, the sealing can be completed by adjusting the level of the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 and the lifting and lowering adjustment of the collecting mechanism 2 to maintain the original state. Furthermore, since the sampling tube 21 only needs to rise and then fall after completing the collection, the rising distance and the falling distance of the sampling tube 21 can be driven by adjusting the sampling lifting driver 5. For example, the rising distance and the falling distance of the cylinder are fixed, and the motor drives the screw to rotate so that the lifting distance of the nut seat is fixed. Therefore, the sampling tube 21 can rise until the lower end of the sampling tube 21 is infinitely close to the upper end of the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, thereby reducing the falling distance of the sampling tube 21, and then shortening the sealing time of the sampling tube 21. The sampling tube 21 can remain sealed in the original state immediately after the collection is completed.

[0077] Furthermore, when the top of the protective sleeve 31 drops to a level below the plane where the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 is located, and the sampling tube 21 subsequently rises again after completing sampling, a relative displacement is formed between the top of the protective sleeve 31 and the outer wall of the sampling tube 21, and the top of the protective sleeve 31 can scrape the sediment on the outer wall of the sampling tube 21 to remove the sediment, thereby avoiding subsequent impact on the assembly of the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, and improving the surface cleanliness of the sampling tube 21 and the service life, thereby protecting the outer wall of the sampling tube 21 and preventing contaminants from being attached to the outer wall of the sampling tube 21, thereby solving the problem that the existing solution cannot protect the outer wall of the sampling tube 21.

[0078] Optimally, the propulsion mechanism 3 further includes: a cylindrical cutter head 33;

[0079] The collecting mechanism 2 contacts the protective cover 31 downwards, and drives the protective cover 31 to move downwards during the descending process, so that the collecting mechanism 2 or the protective cover 31 contacts the cylindrical cutter head 33 downwards;

[0080] The collecting mechanism 2 further comprises: a petal-shaped cutter 22;

[0081] The petal-shaped cutter 22 is provided with a spring petal 221 and a spring cylinder 222; a plurality of the spring petals 221 are mounted around the spring cylinder 222, and the plurality of the spring petals 221 elastically shrink toward the surrounding inner circle; the lower end of the sampling tube 21 is connected to the spring cylinder 222;

[0082] The cylindrical cutter head 33 is relatively slidably limited to the inner circle surrounded by multiple shrapnel petals 221 to open the shrapnel petals 221; after the cylindrical cutter head 33 is separated from the shrapnel petals 221 during the relative upward movement of the collection mechanism 2, the shrapnel petals 221 elastically shrink to cover the opening of the sampling tube 21.

[0083] In this embodiment, the bottom of the sampling tube 21 can be replaced by the cylindrical cutter head 33 to contact the seabed sediment, and the collection mechanism 2 or the protective cover 31 can contact the cylindrical cutter head 33 downward; during the descent of the sampling tube 21, the protective cover 31 is directly or indirectly driven to synchronously descend, that is, the cylindrical cutter head 33 is directly or indirectly driven to synchronously descend; the cylindrical cutter head 33 is inserted downward into the seabed sediment; because the collection mechanism 2 or the protective cover 31 only contacts the cylindrical cutter head 33 downward, when the sampling is completed, the collection mechanism 2 or the protective cover 31 rises and resets, because the collection mechanism 2 or the protective cover 31 no longer contacts the cylindrical cutter head 33 downward, the cylindrical cutter head 33 is separated from the collection mechanism 2 or the protective cover 31.

[0084] In the initial state, the lower end of the sampling tube 21 is synchronously connected to the petal-shaped cutter 22, and the cylindrical cutter head 33 is arranged between the multiple spring petals 221 of the petal-shaped cutter 22. The spring petals 221 can elastically shrink toward the inner circle formed around them, so that they contact the outer wall of the cylindrical cutter head 33 under the elastic action, and the cylindrical cutter head 33 opens the spring petals 221; at the same time, the protective cover 31 is arranged on the outside of the collection mechanism 2 (for example, the outside of the sampling tube 21), which can provide protection for the collection mechanism 2; when sampling is required, the sampling tube 21 is driven to move downward, and the collection mechanism 2 contacts the protective cover 31 downward, which means that any part of the collection mechanism 2 such as the sampling tube 21 or the petal-shaped cutter 22 contacts downward at any position of the protective cover 31, and the contact position is any structure in the protective cover 31. For example, the protective cover 31 can be provided with a support plate 311, and the sampling tube 21 or the petal-shaped cutter 22 contacts downward through the support plate 311, so that the sampling tube 21 is directly contacted during the descent of the sampling tube 21 Or indirectly drive the protective cover 31 to descend synchronously; the sampling tube 21 or the shrapnel cylinder 222 can directly drive the protective cover 31 to move downward, and the shrapnel petals 221 are attached to the outer side of the cylindrical cutter head 33, which can limit the downward movement direction of the cylindrical cutter head 33, thereby ensuring that the downward movement angle of the cylindrical cutter head 33 does not deviate, so it is only necessary to make any one of the sampling tube 21, the shrapnel cylinder 222 and the protective cover 31 contact the cylindrical cutter head 33 from top to bottom, so as to achieve the driving of the cylindrical cutter head 33 downward synchronously. The cylindrical cutter head 33 moves smoothly, thereby ensuring that the cylindrical cutter head 33 maintains the same angle and extends into the deep sediment. The cylindrical cutter head 33, the protective cover 31 and the sampling tube 21 extend into the sediment in sequence, and the sediment passes through the surrounding area of ​​the cylindrical cutter head 33 and the shrapnel petals 221 and enters the sampling tube 21. When the sampling tube 21 of the present application is fully extended into the sediment, the sediment eventually fills up the sampling tube 21. Therefore, it is only necessary to design the lifting end point of the sampling tube 21 of the required length to ensure that enough seabed sediment is collected.When sampling is completed, the protective cover 31 can be limited, for example, by artificial limitation or mechanical structure limitation, to limit the movement of the protective cover 31, and then the sampling tube 21 can be driven to move upward, and the petal-shaped cutter 22 can be driven to move upward; since the collection mechanism 2 only contacts the protective cover 31 downward, the collection mechanism 2 or the protective cover 31 contacts the cylindrical cutter head 33 downward, and the spring petals 221 of the petal-shaped cutter 22 slide upward relative to the cylindrical cutter head 33, and will come out from the top of the cylindrical cutter head 33, and the cylindrical cutter head 33 is separated from the spring petals 221, and the spring petals 221 shrink toward the inner circle under the action of elasticity, thereby covering the opening of the sampling tube 21 to cut off the seabed sediment, and the sediment is retained in the sampling tube 21; the cylindrical cutter head is left in In the seabed sediment, the cylindrical cutter head and the shrapnel petals of this scheme are detachably connected, which can prevent the occurrence of large disturbances and easy leakage of samples after the sampling is completed, and can ensure that the sediment collected on the seabed surface will not be disturbed during the collection process; the shrapnel petals 221 can directly seal the sediment in the water after the sampling is completed, and the surface interface of the seabed sediment is not disturbed during the sampling process. When the sampling process is opened, the surface interface of the seabed sediment is not disturbed. When the sediment is recovered, it is tightened and cut off, and the sediment that has been sampled is supported, so that the surface interface of the large-diameter sampling seabed sediment is not disturbed, and the sampling and recovery support of the large-length and large-diameter seabed sediment can be supported, and the problem of leakage caused by failure to close in time after sampling is solved. At the same time, the cylindrical cutter head 33, the protective cover 31 and the sampling tube 21 are successively extended into the sediment to extend the sampling length, which has the advantage of deep acquisition of seabed sediments, and can make the sampling interface undisturbed. The combination of the shrapnel petals 221 can also support the sediment sample as a whole.

[0085] Optimally, the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 is provided with a stop valve 43 connected to the sampling tube 21;

[0086] The plurality of elastic petals 221 are pressed against the surrounding inner ring to form a feed inlet 223 ; the stop valve 43 is located at the feed inlet 223 .

[0087] In addition to sealing the sampling tube 21, the pressure-maintaining end cap 41 can also input a specific medium, such as a liquid medium or a gas medium, into the sampling tube 21 through the stop valve 43 of the pressure-maintaining end cap 41, so that gas or liquid can be introduced during pressure-maintaining analysis in a sealed state to simulate in-situ conditions; and simulating in-situ conditions can reduce or avoid the effects of oxidation and biodegradation on the sediment sample, thereby maintaining the original characteristics of the sample. The pressure-maintaining end cap 41 can be designed to be a transparent material at a certain point as needed, so that it can be easily observed and analyzed from the outside.

[0088] A method for sampling seafloor sediments with high fidelity and pressure, comprising the following steps:

[0089] (1) The collecting mechanism 2 moves downward until it contacts the protective cover 31, and drives the protective cover 31 to move downward, so that the collecting mechanism 2 and the protective cover 31 extend into the sediment below the seabed surface;

[0090] (2) Sediments enter the sampling tube 21 through the cylindrical cutter head 33 until the sediments fill the sampling tube 21, and then the collection mechanism 2 is driven to rise, and the protective cover 31 is kept limited; the collection mechanism 2 rises until it is completely separated from the protective cover 31; the collection mechanism 2 rises until the top cover 23 is clamped in the top clamping position 341 formed between the top ring 34 and the upper clamping block 3213, so that the top ring 34, the support rod 32 and the collection mechanism 2 are connected as a whole;

[0091] (3) The pressure-maintaining end cover 41 moves horizontally through between the collection mechanism 2 and the protective sleeve 31, so that the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 is located directly below the collection mechanism 2; the collection mechanism 2 moves downward, driving the lower clamping block 3211 of the support rod 32 to clamp into the end cover fixing hole 411 of the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, so that the top ring 34, the support rod 32, the collection mechanism 2 and the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 are connected as a whole; the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 is installed at the bottom of the collection mechanism 2 to maintain the pressure and seal the sampling tube 21.

[0092] It can be optimized that in the step (1), the collection mechanism 2 moves downward to contact the protective cover 31, and drives the protective cover 31 to move downward, the collection mechanism 2 or the protective cover 31 moves downward to contact the cylindrical cutter head 33, and the cylindrical cutter head 33 and the collection mechanism 2 extend into the sediment below the seabed surface;

[0093] In the step (2), the sediment enters the sampling tube 21 through the cylindrical cutter head 33 until the sediment fills the sampling tube 21, and then the collection mechanism 2 is driven to rise and the protective cover 31 is kept limited, and the cylindrical cutter head 33 and the spring petals 221 at the lower end of the collection mechanism 2 are gradually separated; when the spring petals 221 shrink toward the inner circle under the action of elasticity to cover the opening of the sampling tube 21, the seabed sediment is cut off and the sediment is retained in the sampling tube 21.

[0094] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fidelity and pressure-maintaining sampling device for seafloor sediments, characterized in that: include: Fixed frame, collecting mechanism, pushing mechanism and pressure maintaining mechanism; The collection mechanism comprises: a sampling tube; The sampling tube is movable in a lifting manner on the fixing frame; The propulsion mechanism comprises: a protective sleeve and a support rod; The support rod is limitedly lifted and lowered on the fixing frame; the protective cover is movably mounted on the outer side of the collecting mechanism; the collecting mechanism contacts the protective cover downward and drives the protective cover to move downward during the descent process; The support rod is provided with a one-way clamping block, and the one-way clamping block comprises: a lower clamping block; the lower clamping block is arranged at the lower end of the support rod; The pressure-maintaining mechanism comprises: a pressure-maintaining end cover; The pressure-maintaining end cover is provided with an end cover fixing hole; the support rod is lowered to clamp the lower clamping block downwardly into the end cover fixing hole, so that the lower clamping block and the end cover fixing hole are relatively limited, and the pressure-maintaining end cover limits the lower end of the collection mechanism to seal the sampling tube; The propulsion mechanism further includes: a top ring; the fixing frame is provided with a positioning hole; the support rod is connected to the top ring, and the top ring is located above the fixing frame; The one-way clamp block further comprises: an upper clamp block and a middle clamp block; the top ring, the upper clamp block, the middle clamp block and the lower clamp block are sequentially distributed on the support rod from high to low; A top clamping position is formed between the top ring and the upper clamping block, and a top cover is provided at the upper end of the collecting mechanism; The collecting mechanism rises until the top cover is limited to the top clamping position, so that the top ring, the support rod and the collecting mechanism are connected as one body; The middle clamping block is lifted and lowered to pass through the positioning hole and is limited at the upper end or the lower end of the positioning hole; when the middle clamping block descends to abut against the upper end of the positioning hole, the vacant position at the lower end of the collecting mechanism is used to accommodate the pressure-maintaining end cover; when the middle clamping block descends to the lower end of the positioning hole, the lower clamping block is clamped in the end cover fixing hole.

2. The fidelity and pressure-maintaining sampling device for seafloor sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the one-way clamping block at the upper half gradually increases from the upper end to the lower end, and the outer diameter of the one-way clamping block at the lower half gradually decreases from the upper end to the lower end.

3. The fidelity and pressure-maintaining sampling device for seafloor sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling tube is provided with a reversing valve, and one of the output ends of the reversing valve is connected to the input end of the one-way valve.

4. The fidelity and pressure-maintaining sampling device for seafloor sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the protective cover is attached to the outer wall of the sampling tube, and the sampling tube moves through the end of the protective cover.

5. A fidelity and pressure-maintaining sampling device for seafloor sediments according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The collecting mechanism drives the top of the protective sleeve to drop to a plane lower than the plane where the pressure-maintaining end cover is located; The pressure-maintaining mechanism comprises: a pressure-maintaining moving driver; The output end of the pressure-maintaining moving driver is connected to the pressure-maintaining end cover, and is used to drive the pressure-maintaining end cover to move horizontally, so that the pressure-maintaining end cover moves horizontally to vertically align with the lower end of the collecting mechanism, and the lower end of the collecting mechanism descends to be installed on the pressure-maintaining end cover.

6. A fidelity and pressure-maintaining sampling device for seafloor sediments according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The propulsion mechanism further comprises: a cylindrical cutter head; The collecting mechanism contacts the protective cover downwards, and drives the protective cover to move downwards during the descending process, so that the collecting mechanism or the protective cover contacts the cylindrical cutter head downwards; The collecting mechanism also includes: a petal-shaped cutter; The petal-shaped cutter is provided with shrapnel petals and a shrapnel cylinder; a plurality of the shrapnel petals are mounted around the shrapnel cylinder, and the plurality of the shrapnel petals elastically shrink toward the surrounding inner circle; the lower end of the sampling tube is connected to the shrapnel cylinder; The cylindrical cutter head is relatively slidably limited to an inner circle surrounded by a plurality of shrapnel petals to open the shrapnel petals; after the cylindrical cutter head is separated from the shrapnel petals during the relative upward movement of the collection mechanism, the shrapnel petals elastically shrink to cover the opening of the sampling tube.

7. A fidelity and pressure-maintaining sampling device for seafloor sediments according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressure-maintaining end cover is provided with a stop valve connected to the sampling tube; The plurality of shrapnel petals are pressed against the surrounding inner ring to form a feed inlet; the stop valve is located at the feed inlet.

8. A method for sampling seafloor sediments with fidelity and pressure, using a device for sampling seafloor sediments with fidelity and pressure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) The collection mechanism moves downward until it contacts the protective cover, and drives the protective cover to move downward, so that the collection mechanism and the protective cover extend into the sediment below the seabed surface; (2) The sediment enters the sampling tube through the cylindrical cutter head until the sediment fills the sampling tube, and then the collection mechanism is driven to rise, and the protective cover is kept limited; the collection mechanism rises until it is completely separated from the protective cover; the collection mechanism rises until the top cover is clamped in the top clamping position formed between the top ring and the upper clamping block, so that the top ring, the support rod and the collection mechanism are connected as one; (3) The pressure-maintaining end cover moves horizontally through the space between the collection mechanism and the protective cover, so that the pressure-maintaining end cover is located directly below the collection mechanism; the collection mechanism moves downward, driving the lower clamping block of the support rod to engage with the end cover fixing hole of the pressure-maintaining end cover, so that the top ring, the support rod, the collection mechanism and the pressure-maintaining end cover are connected as one; the pressure-maintaining end cover is installed at the bottom of the collection mechanism to keep the sampling tube pressure-maintained and sealed.

9. A method for sampling seafloor sediments with a high fidelity and pressure according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step (1), the collecting mechanism moves downward until it contacts the protective sleeve and drives the protective sleeve to move downward, the collecting mechanism or the protective sleeve moves downward until it contacts the cylindrical cutter head, and the cylindrical cutter head and the collecting mechanism extend into the sediment below the seabed surface; In the step (2), the sediment enters the sampling tube through the cylindrical cutter head until the sediment fills the sampling tube, and then the collection mechanism is driven to rise, and the protective sleeve is kept limited, and the cylindrical cutter head and the spring petals at the lower end of the collection mechanism are gradually separated; when the spring petals shrink toward the inner circle under the action of elasticity to cover the opening of the sampling tube, the seabed sediment is cut off, and the sediment is retained in the sampling tube.

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