A simulated hemodialysis fluid, its preparation and its application in self-test of hemodialysis equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses a simulated hemodialysis fluid and its application in the self-test of hemodialysis equipment. The simulated hemodialysis fluid is prepared by using hemodialysis concentrate A alone. The present invention also discloses the application of the simulated hemodialysis fluid in the self-test of hemodialysis equipment. In the application, only the hemodialysis concentrate A needs to be used alone, without the use of the hemodialysis concentrate B in hemodialysis treatment, so that the hemodialysis equipment can pass the self-test and operate stably without the conductivity sensor alarming. The simulated dialysis fluid and its application disclosed in the present invention can solve the decomposition problem, cost problem, infection control problem, etc. of the existing hemodialysis concentrate B after opening, in the absence of hemodialysis concentrate B or without opening the hemodialysis concentrate B, and is convenient for the hemodialysis department of the hospital and the medical equipment manufacturer to simulate, test and repair the hemodialysis equipment, and has broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hemodialysis, and in particular relates to a simulated hemodialysis fluid, its preparation and its application in self-test of hemodialysis equipment. Background Art

[0002] At present, when hospital hemodialysis departments and medical equipment manufacturers simulate, test and repair hemodialysis equipment, they usually simulate the situation during treatment. They must use hemodialysis concentrate A + hemodialysis concentrate B + reverse osmosis water. The three are mixed into dialysis fluid in the equipment. The main component of hemodialysis concentrate B is sodium bicarbonate, which is easy to decompose. After being left for a long time, it cannot be supplied to the equipment for patient treatment again. Generally, the hemodialysis concentrate B after testing is not used and is often wasted.

[0003] The current method requires the unsealing of hemodialysis concentrate B, the main component of which is sodium bicarbonate, which is easy to decompose into sodium carbonate, water and carbon dioxide. After opening, in order to keep it fresh and not decompose, it is generally not recommended to use it for the next shift of patients, let alone every other day. Therefore, hemodialysis concentrate B is generally discarded after the simulation test. The market price of hemodialysis concentrate B is about RMB 70. It is roughly estimated that there are more than 100,000 hemodialysis machines in my country. Discarding hemodialysis concentrate B after each simulation test, inspection or maintenance will cause a huge waste of cost.

[0004] Many technicians use the existing hemodialysis concentrate B and hemodialysis concentrate A, which contain sodium bicarbonate as the main component, for simulated self-inspection during maintenance of hemodialysis equipment. This is mainly because hemodialysis concentrate B is easily obtained in hemodialysis centers. However, they ignore the fact that it is easy to decompose and breed bacteria. Generally, if the hemodialysis concentrate B is not consumed after opening, a large amount of it needs to be discarded, which results in cost waste and infection control-related issues. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a simulated hemodialysis fluid and its application in the self-test of hemodialysis equipment. The present invention provides a method for mixing hemodialysis concentrate A (including sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, glacial acetic acid and pure water) with reverse osmosis water alone, which can successfully simulate the conductivity characteristics of hemodialysis concentrate B, so that after the hemodialysis equipment inhales the simulated hemodialysis concentrate B, its conductivity detection value is the same as the detection value of inhaling ordinary hemodialysis concentrate B, so that in the detection, simulation or maintenance process of the equipment, it is not necessary to use the hemodialysis concentrate B whose main component is sodium bicarbonate, which solves the decomposition problem, cost problem, infection control problem, etc. of the existing hemodialysis concentrate B after opening.

[0006] The present invention provides a simulated hemodialysis fluid, which comprises a hemodialysis concentrate A, a simulated hemodialysis concentrate B, and reverse osmosis water.

[0007] Wherein, the simulated hemodialysis concentrate B comprises hemodialysis concentrate A and reverse osmosis water.

[0008] The simulated hemodialysis fluid of the present invention can be prepared using hemodialysis concentrate A alone, without using other hemodialysis concentrates.

[0009] Specifically, the composition and volume content of the simulated hemodialysis fluid are: 2.857±1% of hemodialysis concentrate A per 100 parts, 3.5±1% of simulated hemodialysis concentrate B per 100 parts, and 93.643±1% of reverse osmosis water per 100 parts. (That is, the volume ratio is preferably concentrated A liquid: simulated concentrated B liquid: reverse osmosis water = 1:1.225:32.775)

[0010] Preferably, the composition and volume content of the simulated hemodialysis fluid are: 2.857±0.5% per 100 parts of hemodialysis concentrate A, 3.5±0.5% per 100 parts of simulated hemodialysis concentrate B, and 93.643±0.5% per 100 parts of reverse osmosis water.

[0011] In the present invention, the composition and volume content of the simulated hemodialysis concentrate B are: hemodialysis concentrate A 17.437±1% per 100 parts, reverse osmosis water 82.563±1% per 100 parts. (According to calculation, it can also be approximately equal to hemodialysis concentrate A: reverse osmosis water = 1:4.735±2%)

[0012] Preferably, the composition and volume content of the simulated hemodialysis concentrate B are: hemodialysis concentrate A 17.437±0.5% per 100 parts, reverse osmosis water 82.563±0.5% per 100 parts. (According to calculation, the volume ratio can also be approximately equal to hemodialysis concentrate A: reverse osmosis water = 1:4.735±1%)

[0013] In the present invention, the composition and volume content of the hemodialysis concentrate A are: 210g / L±5% sodium chloride, 5.22g / L±5% potassium chloride, 6.43g / L±5% calcium chloride, 3.56g / L±5% magnesium chloride, 6.31g / L±5% glacial acetic acid, and pure water added to 1000mL±2%.

[0014] Preferably, the composition and content of the hemodialysis concentrate A are: sodium chloride 210g / L±2%, potassium chloride 5.22g / L±2%, calcium chloride 6.43g / L±2%, magnesium chloride 3.56g / L±2%, glacial acetic acid 6.31g / L±2%, and pure water added to 1000mL±1%.

[0015] In a specific embodiment, the composition and content of the simulated hemodialysis fluid B are: 36.61 g / L sodium chloride, 0.91 g / L potassium chloride, 1.12 g / L calcium chloride, 0.62 g / L magnesium chloride, 1.1 g / L glacial acetic acid, pure water added to 1000 ml or reverse osmosis water added to 1000 ml.

[0016] In a specific embodiment, the composition and content of the simulated hemodialysis fluid are: 7.281 g / L sodium chloride, 0.181 g / L potassium chloride, 0.223 g / L calcium chloride, 0.123 g / L magnesium chloride, 0.219 g / L glacial acetic acid, pure water added to 1000 ml or reverse osmosis water added to 1000 ml.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the simulated hemodialysis fluid, which comprises: preparing a hemodialysis concentrate A known in the prior art; mixing it with reverse osmosis water in a certain proportion to obtain a simulated hemodialysis concentrate B; then using a hemodialysis device to respectively absorb the two concentrates and mix them with reverse osmosis water, and using the hemodialysis device to obtain the simulated hemodialysis fluid according to the method that the volume ratio of hemodialysis concentrate A: simulated hemodialysis concentrate B: reverse osmosis water is 1:1.225:32.775; or manually mixing according to the general dialysate configuration method of mixing the ratio of hemodialysis concentrate A: simulated hemodialysis concentrate B: reverse osmosis water by the volume ratio of 1:1.225:32.775, and manually configuring the simulated hemodialysis fluid.

[0018] Specifically, the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: prepare commercially available hemodialysis concentrate A, and prepare simulated hemodialysis concentrate B according to the method of volume ratio of hemodialysis concentrate A: reverse osmosis water = 1:4.735±2%;

[0020] Step 2: Shake the prepared simulated hemodialysis concentrate B 5 times or stir it 5 times to mix it thoroughly;

[0021] Step 3: Aspirate the public hemodialysis concentrate A through the concentrate A suction rod (red) of the hemodialysis device;

[0022] Step 4: Aspirate simulated hemodialysis concentrate B through the concentrate B suction rod (blue) of the hemodialysis device;

[0023] Step 5: The hemodialysis equipment will automatically mix the reverse osmosis water to obtain simulated hemodialysis fluid.

[0024] Or, the simulated hemodialysis fluid can be manually prepared by mixing the general dialysate preparation method with the following ratio: hemodialysis concentrate A: simulated hemodialysis concentrate B: reverse osmosis water in a volume ratio of 1:1.225:32.775.

[0025] The present invention also provides a simulated hemodialysis concentrate B prepared by the above method.

[0026] The present invention also provides a simulated hemodialysis fluid prepared by the method.

[0027] The present invention can produce a finished simulated dialysis concentrate B through the above method. According to the dosage requirements, it can also be designed into a small bottle version that is easy to carry, so as to facilitate professional technicians or relevant medical personnel to simulate hemodialysis equipment self-inspection, simulate hemodialysis treatment teaching applications, etc.

[0028] The present invention also provides use of the simulated hemodialysis concentrate B described above in preparing a simulated hemodialysis fluid.

[0029] The present invention also provides the use of the simulated hemodialysis fluid as described above in hemodialysis equipment self-inspection, hemodialysis treatment simulation teaching, etc. The simulated hemodialysis fluid can enable the hemodialysis equipment to pass self-inspection and operate stably without the conductivity sensor giving an alarm.

[0030] The present invention also provides the simulated hemodialysis fluid as described above, the preparation method as described above, and the application as described above in hospital hemodialysis departments, medical equipment manufacturers to simulate, detect and repair hemodialysis equipment, and simulate teaching of hemodialysis treatment.

[0031] In the specific implementation scheme, in the present invention, instead of using hemodialysis concentrate B, an innovative method of simulating hemodialysis concentrate B is used, thereby avoiding the need to open the alkaline dialysis concentrate B containing sodium bicarbonate during equipment maintenance or simulated treatment testing, and avoiding the sodium bicarbonate immediately starting to decompose into sodium carbonate and water after the dialysis concentrate B is opened, thereby causing a series of problems such as using the dialysis concentrate B that has been opened for a long time for treatment, resulting in poor treatment effect (sodium bicarbonate decomposes naturally), bacterial microbial growth that does not meet the infection control requirements, and waste of resources caused by discarding the dialysis concentrate B solution.

[0032] The technical difficulty / technical difficulty overcome by the present invention is that the present invention needs to perform a relatively precise ratio during operation to ensure that the simulated hemodialysis fluid using the single hemodialysis concentrate A can enable the hemodialysis device to successfully pass the conductivity self-test.

[0033] The present invention is not applicable during the treatment of patients, but is generally adapted for use by technicians in simulating, testing, and repairing hemodialysis equipment.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention include: the main component of the single concentrate used in the present invention, namely the hemodialysis concentrate A, is an acidic substance, which is inherently antibacterial and non-degradable, and does not have the high infection control requirements of the hemodialysis concentrate B; the present invention uses a method of simulating hemodialysis concentrate B, which is specially equipped for hemodialysis equipment detection, simulation or maintenance. The prepared raw materials are obtained from the hemodialysis concentrate A, and have antibacterial properties, can be used for a long time, and will not cause waste of resources; (In the "Pharmaceutical Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China" YY0598-2015 Hemodialysis and Related Treatment Concentrates, the total bacterial count of the concentrate containing bicarbonate should not be greater than 100 CFU / ml, and it is marked: There is no literature reporting that acidic concentrates support bacterial growth, and acidic concentrates are not suitable for the former labeling. In addition, some literature suggests that dialysis concentrate A is a hypertonic solution containing various electrolytes, which is acidic and not conducive to bacterial growth. [1] [1] Zhu Xuefeng, Jiang Huiyun, Zhang Deli, et al., Monitoring and analysis of bacterial contamination of hemodialysis water and dialysate [J]. Journal of Bengbu Medical College, 2006, 31(6): 660-662. In contrast, some literature suggests that the main component of dialysis concentrate B is sodium bicarbonate, which is alkaline, and the lid is opened during use, which is very easy to be contaminated by bacteria. [2] , It is best to prepare the dialysis concentrate B liquid immediately before use and leave it for no more than 24 hours, but there is no requirement for the dialysis concentrate A liquid [3] [2] Zhu Li, Zou Mei, Liang Yuhong, et al., Investigation on the contamination of hospital dialysis fluid [J]. Chinese Journal of Disinfection, 2008, 25(5): 539-540. [3] Chen Xiangmei, ed. Standard operating procedures for blood purification [M]. Beijing: People's Military Medical Publishing House, 2010: 23. In particular, some scholars conducted a comparative analysis of the bacterial contamination of hemodialysis concentrate A and B. During the monitoring, it was found that the bacterial microbial culture of 16 hemodialysis concentrate A samples was 0 cfu / ml, while the bacterial culture average of 16 hemodialysis concentrate B samples was 1019±388 cfu / ml, and the difference was statistically significant. Obviously, hemodialysis concentrate A is more conducive to inhibiting the growth of bacterial microorganisms than hemodialysis concentrate B. [4][4] Xie Ping, Zhang Xiaoli, Zhang Yuxia, Research on the Control Method of Bacterial Contamination of Hemodialysis Concentrate B [J], Nursing Practice and Research 2021, 9(5): 20-21.) The method for preparing the simulated hemodialysis fluid of the present invention is relatively simple and can be prepared by medical personnel or equipment maintenance personnel of manufacturers and other personnel in need. The equipment required for self-operation mainly includes a measuring cup or a measuring weighing (such as a syringe with a scale), which is easy to obtain in ordinary medical institutions, hemodialysis rooms or manufacturer laboratories or inspection rooms. The simulated hemodialysis fluid of the present invention can save maintenance and inspection costs when used for hemodialysis equipment testing, or perform other tests on the equipment in an emergency situation where there is no hemodialysis concentrate B. The hemodialysis concentrate A used alone in the present invention is very easy to obtain, and the equipment originally needs to inhale hemodialysis concentrate A. When hemodialysis concentrate A is used to simulate hemodialysis concentrate B, the chemical composition of the overall equipment inhalation does not change, and safety is guaranteed. If other components are added, additional ionic chemical reactions or even toxicity are likely to occur, increasing the risk of unreliability or instability. And even if the formula is changed and other safe ingredients are added, the effect can only be the same at best, which theoretically will not be better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 Implement simulated dialysis concentrate B ratio and the scales and measuring cups and cylinders used.

[0037] Figure 2 The self-test function required before the device is turned on for treatment is to suck the public hemodialysis concentrate A (dialysis concentrate A is a red label and red bucket cover in the picture) through the concentrate A suction rod of the hemodialysis device (white hose, red connector in the picture), and suck the simulated hemodialysis concentrate B (liquid in the 1.5L transparent bucket in the picture) through the concentrate B suction rod of the hemodialysis device (blue hose, blue connector) to perform the self-test function required before the device is turned on for treatment. The device shows that the self-test has passed. The public hemodialysis concentrate B is not used (the bucket with a blue label and blue bucket cover in the picture).

[0038] Figure 3 After self-testing using this method, the conductivity of the device was stable within the normal range within 4 hours of simulated treatment, and the device did not generate any conductivity-related alarms.

[0039] Figure 4(From left to right: dialysis concentrated solution B, dialysis concentrated solution B after adding calcium gluconate, and dialysis concentrated solution B after adding calcium gluconate and then citric acid)

[0040] Figure 4 The stability of the dialysis concentrated B solution containing sodium bicarbonate was tested by comparison. After opening the sealed dialysis concentrated B solution for one hour, about 3 ml of the sample was taken and about 2 ml of 10% calcium gluconate solution was added to the sample. The sample immediately became turbid with precipitation. It was obvious that the bicarbonate ions in the original dialysis concentrated B solution had been partially decomposed into carbonate ions, which combined with calcium ions to produce calcium carbonate precipitation. After that, about 2 ml of 20% citric acid was injected into the sample, and it was found that the turbid precipitation immediately disappeared and bubbles were generated. It was obvious that the internal calcium carbonate dissolved after encountering citric acid. This further confirmed the instability of the dialysis concentrated B solution containing sodium bicarbonate, while there was no similar stability change when using simulated dialysis concentrated B solution.

[0041] Figure 5 Bacterial culture results of simulated hemodialysis concentrate B.

[0042] Figure 6 Simulated hemodialysis fluid bacterial culture results.

[0043] Figure 7 These are the equipment self-test results for comparative examples 1-3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The invention is further described in detail in conjunction with the following specific embodiments and drawings, and the protection content of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept, the changes and advantages that can be thought of by those skilled in the art are included in the present invention, and the attached claims are the scope of protection. The process, conditions, experimental methods, etc. for implementing the present invention, except for the contents specifically mentioned below, are all common knowledge and common common sense in the art, and the present invention does not specifically limit the content.

[0045] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0047] The present invention proposes a simulated hemodialysis fluid and its application in the self-test of hemodialysis equipment. The simulated hemodialysis fluid is prepared by using hemodialysis concentrate A alone. The present invention also proposes the application of the simulated hemodialysis fluid in the self-test of hemodialysis equipment. In the application, only the hemodialysis concentrate A needs to be used alone, without the use of the hemodialysis concentrate B in hemodialysis treatment, so that the hemodialysis equipment can pass the self-test and operate stably without the conductivity sensor alarming. The simulated dialysis fluid and its application provided by the present invention can solve the decomposition problem, cost problem, infection control problem, etc. of the existing hemodialysis concentrate B after opening, in the absence of hemodialysis concentrate B or without opening the hemodialysis concentrate B, and is convenient for hospital hemodialysis departments and medical equipment manufacturers to simulate, test and repair hemodialysis equipment, and has broad application prospects.

[0048] Example 1: Preparation of simulated hemodialysis concentrate B

[0049] The formula method of the simulated hemodialysis concentrate B of the present invention is: the volume ratio of hemodialysis concentrate A: reverse osmosis water = 1: 4.735 ± 2%, that is, one part of hemodialysis concentrate A is mixed with 4.735 ± 2% of reverse osmosis water to obtain a hemodialysis concentrate B for maintenance test simulation. For example, 500 ml of hemodialysis concentrate A stock solution can be used, 2367 ml ± 47 ml of reverse osmosis water for dialysis can be added, and 2867 ml ± 47 ml of simulated special hemodialysis concentrate B can be obtained after mixing. Using a measuring cup, a measuring cylinder or a weighing method, first obtain 1000 ml of ordinary hemodialysis concentrate A, add 4735 ml ± 2% reverse osmosis water, and mix to obtain about 5735 ml of simulated hemodialysis concentrate B, so that the overall mixing ratio deviation value can generally be ensured to be no more than about ± 2%.

[0050] Example 2: Preparation of simulated hemodialysis fluid

[0051] Equipment and instruments: 3000g±0.1g electronic scale, 50ml syringe, 100ml measuring cylinder, 250ml measuring cup, pure empty barrel 1.5L to 5L according to demand. The above equipment and instruments can be changed according to the demand of configuration target volume.

[0052] step:

[0053] Step 1: prepare commercially available hemodialysis concentrate A, and prepare simulated hemodialysis concentrate B according to the method of volume ratio of hemodialysis concentrate A: reverse osmosis water = 1:4.735±2%;

[0054] Step 2: Shake the prepared simulated hemodialysis concentrate B 5 times or stir for 10 seconds to mix it thoroughly. The stirring speed should be moderate and no violent operation should be performed.

[0055] Step 3: Aspirate the public hemodialysis concentrate A through the concentrate A suction rod (red) of the hemodialysis device;

[0056] Step 4: Aspirate simulated hemodialysis concentrate B through the concentrate B suction rod (blue) of the hemodialysis device;

[0057] Step 5: The hemodialysis equipment will be set up, specifically mixing hemodialysis concentrate A: simulated hemodialysis concentrate B: reverse osmosis water in a volume ratio of 1:1.225:32.775 to obtain simulated hemodialysis fluid.

[0058] Or, the simulated hemodialysis fluid can be manually prepared by mixing the general dialysate preparation method with the following ratio: hemodialysis concentrate A: simulated hemodialysis concentrate B: reverse osmosis water in a volume ratio of 1:1.225:32.775.

[0059] Example 3: Performance measurement of simulated hemodialysis fluid / simulated hemodialysis concentrate B

[0060] pH value determination:

[0061] The pH value was measured using a Leici ZDJ-4B automatic potentiometric titrator. The result showed that the pH value of the simulated hemodialysis fluid prepared in Example 2 of the present invention was 4.05, and the pH value of the simulated hemodialysis concentrate B prepared in Example 1 of the present invention was 3.24.

[0062] Stability determination:

[0063] The known dialysis concentrated B solution in the prior art contains sodium bicarbonate, which is unstable and easily decomposes into sodium carbonate, water and carbon dioxide. After opening the sealed dialysis concentrated B solution for one hour, take a sample of about 3 ml and add about 2 ml of 10% calcium gluconate solution to the sample. The sample immediately turns white and turbid with precipitation. It is obvious that the bicarbonate ions in the original dialysis concentrated B solution have been partially decomposed into carbonate ions, which combine with calcium ions to produce calcium carbonate precipitation. After that, inject about 2 ml of 20% citric acid into the sample, and it is found that the turbid precipitation disappears immediately and bubbles are generated. It is obvious that the internal calcium carbonate dissolves after encountering citric acid. This further confirms the instability of dialysis concentrated B solution containing sodium bicarbonate.

[0064] However, there is no similar change when using the simulated dialysis concentrated B solution and the simulated hemodialysis fluid proposed by the present invention.

[0065] Antimicrobial Properties:

[0066] Some scholars have conducted a comparative analysis of the bacterial contamination of hemodialysis concentrated B fluid. During the monitoring, it was found that the average bacterial culture value of 16 hemodialysis concentrated B fluid samples was 1019±388cfu / ml. [5][5] Xie Ping, Zhang Xiaoli, Zhang Yuxia. Research on the control method of bacterial contamination of hemodialysis concentrated fluid B[J]. Nursing Practice and Research, 2021, 9(5): 20-21.

[0067] After sampling the simulated hemodialysis concentrated fluid B proposed by the present invention, the bacterial culture result was 0 cfu / ml, and the bacterial culture result of the simulated hemodialysis fluid was 0 cfu / ml. Figure 5 , Figure 6 The detection method complies with the standard YY0572-2015 for water used in hemodialysis and related treatments.

[0068] Example 4: Application of simulated hemodialysis fluid in self-test of hemodialysis equipment

[0069] When the hemodialysis equipment is simulated tested, the machine is allowed to normally inhale the commercially available concentrate A known in the prior art and the simulated concentrate B obtained by the simulated ratio of the present invention. The equipment can successfully pass the self-test and remain stable in a normal state for a long time, and the conductivity sensor does not alarm.

[0070] step:

[0071] Step 1: prepare a commercially available hemodialysis concentrate A known in the prior art, and prepare a simulated hemodialysis concentrate B according to the method of volume ratio of hemodialysis concentrate A to reverse osmosis water = 1:4.735±2%;

[0072] Step 2: Shake the prepared simulated hemodialysis concentrate B 5 times or stir for 10 seconds to mix it thoroughly. The stirring speed should be moderate and no violent operation should be performed.

[0073] Step 3: Turn on the hemodialysis equipment and press the test button to perform a self-test before treatment;

[0074] Step 4: Insert the concentrate A suction rod (red) of the hemodialysis device into the open hemodialysis concentrate A barrel;

[0075] Step 5: Insert the concentrate B suction rod (blue) of the hemodialysis device into the simulated hemodialysis concentrate B barrel;

[0076] Step 6: The hemodialysis equipment will absorb the hemodialysis concentrate A and the simulated hemodialysis concentrate B, and automatically mix them with reverse osmosis water, specifically, the volume ratio of hemodialysis concentrate A: simulated hemodialysis concentrate B: reverse osmosis water is 1:1.225:32.775 to obtain simulated hemodialysis fluid. The equipment displays that the self-test has passed, and the equipment detects that the conductivity is within the alarm range (140mS / cm±2%).

[0077] Comparative Example 1

[0078] step:

[0079] The first step is to prepare a commercially available hemodialysis concentrate A known in the prior art;

[0080] Step 2: Turn on the hemodialysis equipment and press the test button to perform a self-test before treatment;

[0081] Step 3: Insert the concentrate A suction rod (red) of the hemodialysis device into the open hemodialysis concentrate A barrel;

[0082] Step 4: Insert the concentrate B suction rod (blue) of the hemodialysis device into the open hemodialysis concentrate A barrel;

[0083] Step 5: The A and B concentrate suction rods of the hemodialysis equipment are connected to the hemodialysis concentrate A. At this time, the equipment mixes the hemodialysis concentrate A according to the method that the red rod sucks in the hemodialysis concentrate A: the blue rod sucks in the hemodialysis concentrate A: the volume ratio of reverse osmosis water = 1:1.225:32.775.

[0084] Result: In this case, the hemodialysis equipment failed to pass the self-test because the dialysis concentrate A was used instead of the simulated dialysis concentrate B, and the conductivity of the equipment was reported as an error. Figure 7 .

[0085] Comparative Example 2

[0086] step:

[0087] The first step is to prepare a commercially available hemodialysis concentrate A known in the prior art;

[0088] Step 2: Turn on the hemodialysis equipment and press the test button to perform a self-test before treatment;

[0089] Step 3: Insert the concentrate A suction rod (red) of the hemodialysis device into the open hemodialysis concentrate A barrel;

[0090] Step 4: Insert the concentrate B suction rod (blue) of the hemodialysis equipment into an independent reverse osmosis bucket;

[0091] Step 5: The A concentrate suction rod of the hemodialysis equipment is connected to the hemodialysis concentrate A, and the B concentrate suction rod of the hemodialysis equipment is connected to an independent reverse osmosis water bucket. At this time, the equipment mixes according to the method of red rod sucking hemodialysis concentrate A: blue rod sucking reverse osmosis water: the machine sucks in another independent reverse osmosis water in a volume ratio of 1:1.225:32.775.

[0092] Result: In this case, because reverse osmosis water was used instead of simulated dialysis concentrate B, the hemodialysis equipment failed to pass the self-test and the conductivity of the equipment was reported as an error. Figure 7 .

[0093] Comparative Example 3

[0094] Step 1: prepare a commercially available hemodialysis concentrate A known in the prior art, and prepare a simulated hemodialysis concentrate B' according to the method of hemodialysis concentrate A: reverse osmosis water = 1:1±2%;

[0095] Step 2: Shake the prepared simulated hemodialysis concentrate B' for 5 times or stir for 10 seconds to fully mix it. The stirring speed should be moderate and no violent operation should be performed.

[0096] Step 3: Turn on the hemodialysis equipment and press the test button to perform a self-test before treatment;

[0097] Step 4: Insert the concentrate A suction rod (red) of the hemodialysis device into the open hemodialysis concentrate A barrel;

[0098] Step 5: Insert the concentrate B suction rod (blue) of the hemodialysis equipment into the simulated hemodialysis concentrate B' barrel;

[0099] Step 6: The hemodialysis equipment absorbs the hemodialysis concentrate A and the simulated hemodialysis concentrate B', and automatically mixes the reverse osmosis water, specifically, the volume ratio of hemodialysis concentrate A: simulated hemodialysis concentrate B': reverse osmosis water is 1:1.225:32.775.

[0100] Result: The device also shows that the self-test fails, and the device conductivity reports an error. The conductivity display is out of the reading range, see Figure 7 .

[0101] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0102] As used in the present invention, the terms "include" and "comprising" are open expressions, that is, including the contents specified in the present invention but not excluding other contents.

[0103] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0104] The protection content of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept, changes and advantages that can be thought of by those skilled in the art are included in the present invention and are protected by the attached claims.

Claims

1. A simulated hemodialysis fluid, characterized in that: The simulated hemodialysis fluid comprises hemodialysis concentrate A, simulated hemodialysis concentrate B, and reverse osmosis water; wherein the simulated hemodialysis concentrate B comprises hemodialysis concentrate A and reverse osmosis water; The composition and volume content of the simulated hemodialysis fluid are as follows: hemodialysis concentrate A: 2.857±1% per 100 parts, simulated hemodialysis concentrate B: 3.5±1% per 100 parts, reverse osmosis water: 93.643±1% per 100 parts; The composition and content of the hemodialysis concentrate A are: sodium chloride 210 g / L±5% content, potassium chloride 5.22 g / L±5% content, calcium chloride 6.43 g / L±5% content, magnesium chloride 3.56 g / L±5% content, glacial acetic acid 6.31 g / L±5% content, and pure water is added to 1000 mL±2% content; The composition and volume content of the simulated hemodialysis concentrate B are as follows: hemodialysis concentrate A: 17.437±1% per 100 parts, reverse osmosis water: 82.563±1% per 100 parts.

2. The simulated hemodialysis fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that The composition and volume content of the simulated hemodialysis fluid are as follows: hemodialysis concentrate A: 2.857±0.5% per 100 parts, simulated hemodialysis concentrate B: 3.5±0.5% per 100 parts, reverse osmosis water: 93.643±0.5% per 100 parts.

3. A method for preparing a simulated hemodialysis fluid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises: preparing a hemodialysis concentrate A; configuring a simulated hemodialysis concentrate B according to a ratio of hemodialysis concentrate A: reverse osmosis water of 1:4.735±1% by volume; using a red A concentrate rod of a hemodialysis device to absorb the hemodialysis concentrate A, and using a blue B concentrate rod of a hemodialysis device to absorb the simulated hemodialysis concentrate B, so that the machine automatically absorbs the liquid according to a dialysate configuration method of hemodialysis concentrate A: simulated hemodialysis concentrate B: reverse osmosis water of 1:1.225:32.775 by volume ratio, to configure the simulated hemodialysis fluid; Or, manually prepare the simulated hemodialysis fluid according to the dialysate preparation method of the volume ratio of hemodialysis concentrate A: simulated hemodialysis concentrate B: reverse osmosis water = 1:1.225:32.

775.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Use hemodialysis concentrate A and use a measuring cup or cylinder to obtain 100ml ± 1%; Step 2: Use a large measuring cup or weigh to obtain 473.5 ml ± 1% of reverse osmosis water for dialysis; Step 3: Mix the two and shake well to obtain simulated hemodialysis concentrate B; Step 4: Use with hemodialysis concentrate A. Use the red A concentrate rod of the hemodialysis equipment to absorb hemodialysis concentrate A. Use the blue B concentrate rod of the hemodialysis equipment to absorb simulated hemodialysis concentrate B, so that the machine aspirates into simulated hemodialysis fluid.

5. An application of the simulated hemodialysis fluid as described in claim 1 or 2 and the preparation method as described in claim 3 or 4 in hemodialysis equipment self-inspection, equipment maintenance and fault simulation testing, simulated hemodialysis treatment teaching applications, hospital hemodialysis departments, and medical equipment manufacturers to simulate, test and repair hemodialysis equipment.

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