A broadband beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of antennas and provides a wide-bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna, which comprises a dielectric substrate and a metal ground plate arranged on the dielectric substrate, wherein the metal ground plate is provided with a central dielectric resonant unit and an additional dielectric unit capable of radiating electromagnetic wave signals in a TE mode, and the half-power beam width of the electromagnetic wave signals corresponding to the superposition of the electromagnetic wave signals radiated by the central dielectric resonant unit and the additional dielectric unit is greater than or equal to a preset half-power beam width; the metal ground plate is etched with a gap for adjusting the current flow direction, the bottom of the dielectric substrate is further provided with a feeding unit, the feeding unit feeds the central dielectric resonant unit through the gap, and the central dielectric resonant unit feeds the additional dielectric unit through electromagnetic coupling. The antenna provided by the application can expand the axial ratio beam width and the half-power beam width, improve the mismatch between the half-power beam width and the axial ratio beam width of the antenna, and improve the practicability of the antenna.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a wide-band wide-beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of the information age, satellite navigation, positioning and communication systems have been more and more widely used in military and civilian fields, and have played an increasingly important role, and people have put forward higher and higher requirements for coverage and positioning accuracy. Wide-beam circularly polarized antennas have been widely studied and applied because of their ability to radiate circularly polarized waves, avoid polarization mismatch between transmitting and receiving antennas, and have a wide radiation beam to achieve wider coverage.

[0003] Although there are a large number of technical researches on widening circularly polarized antennas, the existing ways of widening circularly polarized antennas still cannot well meet the requirements of beam widening of circularly polarized antennas. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the application provides a wide-band wide-beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna. The technical problem to be solved by the application is solved by the following technical scheme:

[0005] The application provides a wide-band wide-beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna, which comprises a dielectric substrate and a metal ground plate arranged on the dielectric substrate, wherein the metal ground plate is provided with a center dielectric resonant unit and an additional dielectric unit capable of radiating electromagnetic wave signals in a TE mode, and the additional dielectric unit is arranged around the outer wall of the center dielectric resonant unit; wherein the half-power beam width corresponding to the electromagnetic wave signals superimposed by the electromagnetic wave signals radiated by the center dielectric resonant unit and the additional dielectric unit is greater than or equal to a preset half-power beam width; the metal ground plate is etched with a gap for adjusting the current flow direction, the bottom of the dielectric substrate is further provided with a feeding unit, the feeding unit feeds the center dielectric resonant unit through the gap, and the center dielectric resonant unit feeds the additional dielectric unit by electromagnetic coupling.

[0006] The application has the following beneficial technical effects: in view of the problem that the existing circularly polarized antenna cannot meet the beam widening requirement, specifically, the axial ratio beam width and the half-power beam width of the antenna are not matched, that is, the axial ratio beam width is wide and the half-power beam width is narrow, which causes the actual available beam width range to be much smaller than the expected one, and the practicability is not high, the application provides a wide bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna, the half-power beam width of the antenna can be widened through the central dielectric resonant unit and the additional dielectric unit working in the TE mode, and the half-power beam width is greater than or equal to the preset half-power beam width, that is, the half-power beam width design requirement of the antenna can be met, and the axial ratio beam width of the antenna is widened through the gap etched on the metal ground plate to adjust the current flow direction; by widening the half-power beam width and the axial ratio beam width of the antenna respectively, the available beam width range can be widened, the problem of mismatching between the half-power beam width and the axial ratio beam width of the antenna can be effectively improved, and the antenna coverage range and positioning accuracy are improved.

[0007] The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 is a structural composition example diagram of the wide bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0009] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the metal ground plate provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0010] Figure 3 is a current distribution simulation schematic diagram of the metal ground plate without etching the annular gap 11 and the second gap 12 and the metal ground plate etching the annular gap 11 and the second gap 12 corresponding to the embodiment of the application;

[0011] Figure 4 is a front view of the wide bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0012] Figure 5 is an axial ratio beam width simulation example diagram of the antenna in Figure 4 obtained by simulation;

[0013] Figure 6 is a reflection coefficient simulation example diagram of the antenna in Figure 4 provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0014] Figure 7 is an xoz plane half-power beam width and axial ratio beam width result diagram of the antenna in Figure 4 obtained by simulation at 2.8 GHz;

[0015] Figure 8 is a yoz plane half-power beamwidth and axial ratio beamwidth result figure of the antenna in the 2.8 GHz band provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 is a yoz plane half-power beamwidth and axial ratio beamwidth result figure of the antenna in the 2.8 GHz band provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0016] Legend:

[0017] 1 - dielectric substrate; 2 - central dielectric resonant unit; 3 - first dielectric block; 4 - second dielectric block; 5 - third dielectric block; 6 - fourth dielectric block; 7 - metal ground plate; 8 - L-shaped metal microstrip line; 9 - transverse stub; 10 - first slot; 11 - ring-shaped slot; 12 - second slot; 13 - third slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present application will be further described below in connection with specific embodiments, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0019] In the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like in the description are used only for distinguishing between similar elements and do not necessarily indicate the number of the elements. By the terms "a" or "an", it is meant "one or more". Where the context permits, the use of the singular includes the plural. The term "plurality" means two or more. The term "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration". Any implementation described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present disclosure, and will not be interpreted in an overly literal or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

[0020] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific feature, structure, material or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. The illustrative representations of the above terms in the present specification are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific feature, structure, material or characteristic described can be combined in any appropriate way in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, a person skilled in the art can combine and integrate different embodiments or examples described in the present specification.

[0021] Although the present application is described herein in terms of various embodiments, it should be appreciated that other modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art upon reading the contents of this disclosure and such modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the application. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite articles "a" or "an" do not exclude a plurality. A single processor or other unit can fulfill the functions of several items recited in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to an advantage. The reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope of the application.

[0022] Before the wide bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna proposed in the present application is introduced in detail, some terms involved in the following are explained and described.

[0023] Half power beam width: also known as 3dB beam width, is an important parameter for describing the antenna radiation pattern. It represents the angle between two points when the power flux density drops to half of the maximum value in a certain plane containing the maximum radiation direction of the main lobe. This angle reflects the power attenuation of the antenna lobe. Half power beam width is divided into horizontal beam width and vertical beam width, which represent the angles of two directions on the horizontal and vertical directions respectively, at which the radiation power on both sides of the maximum radiation direction drops by 3dB. Among them, the vertical beam width determines the uniformity of distance coverage. Under the premise of certain gain, the wider the beam, the more uniform the coverage.

[0024] Antenna beamwidth: refers to the angle range in which the main way of transmitting / receiving antenna radiation power or receiving sensitivity decreases near the maximum main beam. This parameter is an important indicator for measuring the radiation and receiving signal capability of the antenna in geographical space.

[0025] Transverse Electric mode (TE mode): specifically refers to the propagation mode in which the longitudinal component of the electric field is zero in the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave, and the longitudinal component of the magnetic field is not zero. In other words, all electric field components are perpendicular to the transmission direction. TE mode has high transmission efficiency and low loss.

[0026] Now a wide bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna proposed in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail. In view of the problem that the existing circularly polarized antenna cannot meet the beam widening requirement, specifically, the axial ratio beam width and the half power beam width of the antenna do not match, i.e. the axial ratio beam width is wide and the half power beam width is narrow, resulting in that the actual available beam width range is much smaller than the expected one, and the practicability is not high, the present application proposes a wide bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna. The antenna can expand the axial ratio beam width and the half power beam width, and further expand the available beam width range, improve the mismatching problem of the half power beam width and the axial ratio beam width of the antenna, and improve the practicability and measurement accuracy of the antenna.

[0027] Figure 1 is an example structure diagram of the wide bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1As shown, in a possible implementation, the wide-bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises a dielectric substrate 1 and a metal ground plate 7 arranged on the dielectric substrate 1, wherein the metal ground plate 7 is provided with a central dielectric resonant unit 2 and additional dielectric units capable of radiating electromagnetic wave signals in a TE mode, and the additional dielectric units are arranged around the outer wall of the central dielectric resonant unit 2; wherein the half-power beam width corresponding to the electromagnetic wave signals superimposed by the electromagnetic wave signals radiated by the central dielectric resonant unit 2 and the additional dielectric units is greater than or equal to a preset half-power beam width; the metal ground plate 7 is etched with a gap for adjusting the current flow direction, the bottom of the dielectric substrate 1 is further provided with a feeding unit, the feeding unit feeds the central dielectric resonant unit 2 through the gap, and the central dielectric resonant unit 2 feeds the additional dielectric units by electromagnetic coupling.

[0028] Here, the TE mode is TE 111 mode. The dielectric constants and structural parameters of the central dielectric resonant unit 2 and the additional dielectric units are different, and the two work synchronously in the TE 111 mode, and together constitute a hybrid dielectric resonator. The electromagnetic wave signals superimposed by the electromagnetic wave signals radiated by the central dielectric resonant unit 2 and the additional dielectric units can be understood as the beam width radiated by the central dielectric resonant unit 2 can be superimposed with the beam width radiated by the additional dielectric units. And the intensity of the TE 111 mode of the central dielectric resonant unit 2 and the intensity of the TE 111 mode of the additional dielectric units may be the same or different, and by superimposing the TE 111 mode of the central dielectric resonant unit 2 and the TE 111 mode of the additional dielectric units and the corresponding beam width superposition, the half-power beam width of the antenna can be effectively widened.

[0029] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 , in a possible implementation, the additional dielectric units comprise a first dielectric block 3, a second dielectric block 4, a third dielectric block 5 and a fourth dielectric block 6; the dielectric constants of the first dielectric block 3, the second dielectric block 4, the third dielectric block 5 and the fourth dielectric block 6 are different; wherein the first dielectric block 3 and the third dielectric block 5 are the same in structure, and the first dielectric block 3 and the third dielectric block 5 are symmetrically arranged; the second dielectric block 4 and the fourth dielectric block 6 are the same in structure, and the second dielectric block 4 and the fourth dielectric block 6 are symmetrically arranged; or the first dielectric block 3, the second dielectric block 4, the third dielectric block 5 and the fourth dielectric block 6 are the same in structure, and the first dielectric block 3, the second dielectric block 4, the third dielectric block 5 and the fourth dielectric block 6 are uniformly arranged outside the central dielectric resonant unit 2.

[0030] Exemplarily, the central dielectric resonator unit 2 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure. In one arrangement, the first dielectric block 3 and the third dielectric block 5 have a "step-like" structure (i.e., a three-quarter rectangular body), and the second dielectric block 4 and the fourth dielectric block 6 have a structure consisting of a three-quarter cylinder and two rectangular dielectric blocks. The first dielectric block 3, the second dielectric block 4, the third dielectric block 5, and the fourth dielectric block 6 are arranged at the four corners of the central dielectric resonator unit 2, and the first dielectric block 3 and the third dielectric block 5 are arranged along a diagonal line of the central dielectric resonator unit 2, while the second dielectric block 4 and the fourth dielectric block 6 are arranged along another diagonal line of the central dielectric resonator unit 2. In another arrangement, the first dielectric block 3, the second dielectric block 4, the third dielectric block 5, and the fourth dielectric block 6 all have a "step-like" structure, with each dielectric block arranged at one of the four corners of the central dielectric resonator unit 2. In another arrangement, the structures of the first dielectric block 3, the second dielectric block 4, the third dielectric block 5 and the fourth dielectric block 6 are all composed of three-quarter cylinders and two rectangular dielectric blocks, and each dielectric block is arranged at the four corners of the central dielectric resonance unit 2.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the TE of each dielectric block can be stimulated based on the dielectric constant difference between the dielectric blocks in the additional dielectric unit. 111 Specifically, when the TE mode of the central dielectric resonator unit 2 is excited, based on the differences in dielectric constants among the first dielectric block 3, the second dielectric block 4, the third dielectric block 5, and the fourth dielectric block 6, the TE modes of the first dielectric block 3, the second dielectric block 4, the third dielectric block 5, and the fourth dielectric block 6 are excited, respectively.

[0032] Here, the TE mode (ie, TE 111 The central dielectric resonant unit 2 uses electromagnetic coupling to feed the additional dielectric unit and simultaneously uses the dielectric constant difference between each dielectric block to stimulate the TE of each dielectric block. 111 Mode. Preferably, the dielectric constant corresponding to the first dielectric block, the dielectric constant corresponding to the second dielectric block, the dielectric constant corresponding to the third dielectric block, and the dielectric constant corresponding to the fourth dielectric block are in an arithmetic progression. In this case, the TE of each dielectric block excited is 111 The strength of the mode is best.

[0033] Here, when the central dielectric resonator unit 2, the first dielectric block 3, the second dielectric block 4, the third dielectric block 5 and the fourth dielectric block 6 are all in TE 111 mode, the expression of the superimposed electromagnetic wave signal satisfies the following formula:

[0034]

[0035] in, is referred to as the superimposed electromagnetic wave signal, a is referred to as the radiation weight corresponding to the central dielectric resonant unit or the additional dielectric unit, is referred to as the electromagnetic wave signal radiated by the central dielectric resonant unit or the additional dielectric unit, e (·) is referred to as the exponential function, j is referred to as the complex number part, d x is referred to as the spacing of each dielectric block in the additional dielectric unit along the x-axis relative to the central dielectric resonant unit, y is referred to as the spacing of each dielectric block in the additional dielectric unit along the y-axis relative to the central dielectric resonant unit, k0 is referred to as the preset free space wave number, θ is referred to as the pitch angle, is referred to as the azimuth angle.

[0036] It should be noted that by replacing the preparation materials of the central dielectric resonant unit 2, the first dielectric block 3, the second dielectric block 4, the third dielectric block 5 and the fourth dielectric block 6, the corresponding dielectric constant can be changed. Moreover, the sizes of the central dielectric resonant unit 2, the first dielectric block 3, the second dielectric block 4, the third dielectric block 5 and the fourth dielectric block 6 can be changed.

[0037] In a possible implementation, each dielectric block in the additional dielectric unit is prepared by using dielectric ceramic. The dielectric ceramic has a high dielectric constant.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the central dielectric resonant unit 2 is prepared by using a Rogers plate material. The Rogers plate material is a high-performance high-frequency circuit board material, which is widely used in wireless communication, satellite communication, radar, microwave communication and other fields. The Rogers plate material has excellent high-frequency performance, stable dielectric constant, low loss, good impedance matching, fast signal transmission speed and excellent mechanical properties.

[0039] It should be noted that when the half-power beamwidth of the electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the superimposed electromagnetic wave signal radiated by the central dielectric resonant unit and the additional dielectric unit is greater than or equal to the preset half-power beamwidth, the half-power beamwidth design requirement of the antenna can be met.

[0040] It should be understood that the first dielectric block 3, the second dielectric block 4, the third dielectric block 5 and the fourth dielectric block 6 are not limited to the shapes proposed in the present application.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the metal ground plate 7 is etched with slits for adjusting the current flow direction, which can change the current flow direction to widen the axial ratio beam width of the antenna by using the shunt induction effect. Specifically, the slits include a first slit 10, a plurality of second slits 12, a third slit 13, and a ring-shaped slit 11; the first slit 10 and the ring-shaped slit 11 overlap to form a composite slit, the plurality of second slits 12 are arranged around the composite slit, and the third slit 13 intersects one of the plurality of second slits 12; the first slit 10 is used to excite the TE mode of the central dielectric resonant unit; and the composite slit, the plurality of second slits 12, the third slit 13, and the ring-shaped slit 11 are used to adjust the internal current flow direction of the central dielectric resonant unit 2 and the additional dielectric unit.

[0042] Exemplarily, Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the metal ground plate provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2 the ring-shaped slit is in the shape of a rectangle; the first slit is composed of a first rectangular slit and a second rectangular slit, the first rectangular slit and the second rectangular slit are perpendicular to each other; and the first rectangular slit and the second rectangular slit are perpendicular to one side of the ring-shaped slit, respectively; each second slit is composed of a third rectangular slit and a fourth rectangular slit, the third rectangular slit and the fourth rectangular slit are perpendicular to each other; and each third slit is composed of a fifth rectangular slit and a sixth rectangular slit, the fifth rectangular slit and the sixth rectangular slit are perpendicular to each other, the fifth rectangular slit is perpendicular to the third rectangular slit of one of the plurality of second slits 12, and the sixth rectangular slit is perpendicular to the fourth rectangular slit of one of the plurality of second slits 12.

[0043] It should be noted that the two perpendicular rectangular slits of the third slit 13 also connect to two edges of the metal ground plate 7, that is, the metal ground plate 7 is divided into two parts by the third slit 13.

[0044] It should be understood that the shape of the second slit 12 is not limited to the first rectangular slit and the second rectangular slit which are perpendicular to each other. In another possible implementation, the shape of the second slit 12 is in the shape of a circular arc.

[0045] The ring-shaped slit 11 etched on the metal ground plate 7 can improve the ground magnetic current inside the antenna, thereby widening the 3dB axial ratio beam width of the hybrid dielectric resonator at zero degrees of azimuth angle, and the plurality of second slits 12 can further improve the ground magnetic current inside the antenna, thereby widening the 3dB axial ratio beam width of the hybrid dielectric resonator at ninety degrees of azimuth angle. Through the ring-shaped slit 11 and the second slit 12, the axial ratio beam width range of the antenna can be effectively widened to meet the pre-design requirements.

[0046] To clearly illustrate the influence of the annular slot 11 and the second slot 12 on the current distribution inside the antenna, Figure 3 are the current distribution simulation diagrams of the metal ground plate with the un-etched annular slot 11 and the second slot 12 and the metal ground plate with the etched annular slot 11 and the second slot 12, respectively, provided by the embodiments of the present application. Among them, Figure 3 (a) in (a) is the current distribution simulation diagram of the metal ground plate with the un-etched annular slot 11 and the second slot 12, provided by the embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 (b) in (b) is the current distribution simulation diagram of the metal ground plate with the etched annular slot 11 and the second slot 12, provided by the embodiments of the present application. By comparing Figure 3 (a) and (b) in (a) and (b), it can be seen that, compared with the current distribution corresponding to the metal ground plate with the un-etched annular slot 11 and the second slot 12, the metal ground plate with the etched annular slot 11 and the second slot 12 has relatively strong current directionality along the x-axis and the y-axis, and the current mainly flows in the x-direction, that is, it radiates an electric dipole in the x-direction. That is, the metal ground plate with the etched annular slot 11 and the second slot 12 can achieve better circular polarization performance.

[0047] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 In a possible implementation, the feeding unit includes: an L-shaped metal microstrip line 8 and a transverse branch 9; the L-shaped metal microstrip line 8 is composed of a first rectangular microstrip line and a second rectangular microstrip line, and the length of the first rectangular microstrip line is greater than that of the second rectangular microstrip line; the first rectangular microstrip line is located on the central axis of the dielectric substrate 1, and one end is connected to an external power supply and the other end is connected to one end of the second rectangular microstrip line; the transverse branch 9 is arranged in a direction parallel to the arrangement direction of the second rectangular microstrip line, and is arranged at the central position of the first rectangular microstrip line. The L-shaped metal microstrip line 8 can supply power to the central dielectric resonant unit 2. Specifically, the electrical energy input from one end of the L-shaped metal microstrip line 8 is coupled to the central dielectric resonant unit 2 through the first slot 10 on the metal ground plate 7, thereby exciting the working mode of the central dielectric resonant unit 2.

[0048] Here, the L-shaped metal microstrip line 8 itself has a certain impedance, but the impedance matching effect is not good. In order to further improve the impedance matching inside the antenna, the transverse branch 9 is connected in parallel to the L-shaped metal microstrip line 8.

[0049] To address the problem that existing circularly polarized antennas cannot meet beam widening requirements, specifically, the mismatch between the antenna's axial ratio beamwidth and half-power beamwidth, that is, the axial ratio beamwidth is wide and the half-power beamwidth is narrow, resulting in the actual available beamwidth range being far smaller than expected and low practicality. The present invention provides a wide-bandwidth circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna. This antenna can widen its half-power beamwidth by using a central dielectric resonant unit and an additional dielectric unit operating in TE mode. The half-power beamwidth is greater than or equal to a preset half-power beamwidth, thereby meeting the antenna's half-power beamwidth design requirements. The antenna's axial ratio beamwidth is also widened by etching a gap on the metal ground plane to adjust the current flow direction. By separately widening the antenna's half-power beamwidth and axial ratio beamwidth, the available beamwidth range can be expanded, effectively improving the mismatch between the antenna's half-power beamwidth and axial ratio beamwidth, and improving the antenna's coverage range and positioning accuracy.

[0050] To verify the technical effect of the wide bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 1 is a front view of a wide bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 and Figure 4The medium substrate 1 adopts a cubic structure, and the corresponding length and width are both 53 mm. Rogers plate material with a relative dielectric constant of 3.55 is selected. The central medium resonance unit 2 is made of rectangular medium ceramic with a relative dielectric constant of 8.5, and the length and width are both 32 mm, and the height is 11.5 mm. The first medium block 3 is made of three-quarter rectangular medium ceramic with a relative dielectric constant of 16. The third medium block 5 is made of three-quarter rectangular medium ceramic with a relative dielectric constant of 16 and a relative dielectric constant of 32. The length of the first medium block 3 or the third medium block 5 is 14 mm, the width is 7 mm, and the height is 14 mm. The second medium block 4 is made of three-quarter cylindrical medium block and two rectangular medium blocks combined ceramic with a relative dielectric constant of 24. The fourth medium block 6 is made of three-quarter cylindrical medium block and two rectangular medium blocks combined ceramic with a relative dielectric constant of 32. The radius of the three-quarter cylindrical medium block in the second medium block 4 or the fourth medium block 6 is 7.5 mm, and the height is 8 mm. The length of the two rectangular medium blocks is 7 mm, the width is 1 mm, and the height is 8 mm. The length of the first rectangular microstrip line in the L-shaped metal microstrip line 8 is 33 mm, and the width is 3.5 mm. The length of the second rectangular microstrip line is 13 mm, and the width is 1.9 mm. The distance between the center of the transverse branch 9 and the center of the medium substrate 1 is 20 mm. The length of the transverse branch is 5 mm, and the width is 0.7 mm. The length of the first slot 10 is 13 mm, and the width is 3.5 mm. The long side of the triangle on the first slot 10 is 9 mm, and the short side is 5 mm. The annular slot 11 is located at the upper left of the metal ground plate 7, and the offset from the transverse central axis of the metal ground plate 7 is 5 mm, and the offset from the longitudinal central axis of the metal ground plate 7 is 7 mm. The composite slot formed by the overlap of the first slot 10 and the annular slot 11 is located at the upper left of the metal ground plate 7, and the offset from the transverse central axis of the metal ground plate 7 is 4 mm, and the offset from the longitudinal central axis of the metal ground plate 7 is 6 mm. The four second slots 12 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the transverse central axis and the longitudinal central axis of the metal ground plate 7, and the offset with respect to the transverse central axis is 20 mm, and the offset with respect to the longitudinal central axis is 20 mm. The length of the second slot 12 is 8 mm, and the width is 1.5 mm. The third slot 13 is located at the lower right corner of the metal ground plate 7, and the offset from the transverse central axis of the metal ground plate 7 is 10 mm, and the offset from the longitudinal central axis of the metal ground plate 7 is 10 mm. The length of the third slot 13 is 8 mm, and the width is 1.5 mm.

[0051] Figure 5 is an axial ratio beam width simulation example diagram of the antenna in Figure 4 obtained by simulation. As shown in Figure 5 , the antenna has good axial ratio in the working frequency band (2.4 GHz-3 GHz). Figure 6 is an axial ratio beam width simulation example diagram of the antenna inFigure 4 is a simulation example diagram of the reflection coefficient of the antenna in Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the antenna is well impedance matched in the working frequency band (2.3GHz~3.5GHz). Figure 7 is a simulation example diagram of the reflection coefficient of the antenna in Figure 4 is a simulation result diagram of the xoz plane half-power beam width and axial ratio beam width of the antenna in Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the thick solid line represents the axial ratio beam width, and the thin solid line represents the half-power beam width, and the antenna realizes the axial ratio beam width and the half-power beam width of more than 150 degrees in the xoz plane. Figure 8 is a simulation result diagram of the yoz plane half-power beam width and axial ratio beam width of the antenna in Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the thick solid line represents the axial ratio beam width, and the thin solid line represents the half-power beam width, and the antenna realizes the axial ratio beam width and the half-power beam width of more than 150 degrees in the yoz plane. Figure 8 The simulation results of Figure 7 and Figure 8 show that the wide bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna provided by the present application can realize the overlapping bandwidth of the impedance bandwidth and the axial ratio bandwidth of 20%, realize the 3dB axial ratio beam width and the half-power beam width of more than 150 degrees in the zero degree azimuth angle, and realize the 3dB axial ratio beam width and the half-power beam width of more than 120 degrees in the ninety degree azimuth angle.

[0052] The above is a further detailed description of the present application in combination with the specific preferred embodiments, and the specific implementation of the present application cannot be limited to these descriptions. For ordinary skilled persons in the technical field to which the present application belongs, some simple deductions or replacements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and all of them should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A wide bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna, characterized by, The application relates to a medium substrate and a metal ground plate arranged on the medium substrate, wherein a central medium resonant unit and an additional medium unit capable of radiating electromagnetic wave signals in a TE mode are arranged on the metal ground plate, and the additional medium unit is arranged around the outer wall of the central medium resonant unit; wherein the half-power beam width of the electromagnetic wave signals corresponding to the superposition of the electromagnetic wave signals radiated by the central medium resonant unit and the additional medium unit is greater than or equal to a preset half-power beam width. The metal ground plate is etched with a gap for adjusting the current flow direction, the bottom of the medium substrate is further provided with a feeding unit, the feeding unit feeds the central medium resonant unit through the gap, and the central medium resonant unit feeds the additional medium unit through electromagnetic coupling. The gap comprises a first gap, a plurality of second gaps, a third gap and a ring-shaped gap; wherein the first gap and the ring-shaped gap overlap to form a composite gap, the plurality of second gaps are arranged around the composite gap, and the third gap intersects with one of the plurality of second gaps. The first gap is used for exciting the TE mode of the central medium resonant unit. The composite gap, the plurality of second gaps, the third gap and the ring-shaped gap are used for adjusting the internal current flow direction of the central medium resonant unit and the additional medium unit. The additional medium unit comprises a first medium block, a second medium block, a third medium block and a fourth medium block; the dielectric constants of the first medium block, the second medium block, the third medium block and the fourth medium block are different. The first medium block and the third medium block are the same in structure, and the first medium block and the third medium block are symmetrically arranged; the second medium block and the fourth medium block are the same in structure, and the second medium block and the fourth medium block are symmetrically arranged; or The first medium block, the second medium block, the third medium block and the fourth medium block are the same in structure, and the first medium block, the second medium block, the third medium block and the fourth medium block are uniformly arranged outside the central medium resonant unit. When the TE mode of the central medium resonant unit is excited, the TE modes of the first medium block, the second medium block, the third medium block and the fourth medium block are excited respectively based on the dielectric constant difference among the first medium block, the second medium block, the third medium block and the fourth medium block.

2. The wide bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The dielectric constant corresponding to the first medium block, the dielectric constant corresponding to the second medium block, the dielectric constant corresponding to the third medium block and the dielectric constant corresponding to the fourth medium block form an arithmetic progression.

3. The wide bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The feeding unit comprises an L-shaped metal microstrip line and a transverse branch.

4. The wide bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, wherein, ​ The L-shaped metal microstrip line is composed of a first rectangular microstrip line and a second rectangular microstrip line, the length of the first rectangular microstrip line is greater than that of the second rectangular microstrip line; the first rectangular microstrip line is located on the central axis of the dielectric substrate, and one end is connected to an external power supply and the other end is connected to one end of the second rectangular microstrip line. The setting direction of the transverse stub is parallel to the setting direction of the second rectangular microstrip line, and the transverse stub is arranged at the central position of the first rectangular microstrip line.

5. The wide bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, wherein, Each of the additional dielectric blocks is made of dielectric ceramic.

6. The wide bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The central dielectric resonant unit is made of Rogers plate material.

7. The wide bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The shape of the annular slot is rectangular; the first slot is composed of a first rectangular slot and a second rectangular slot, and the first rectangular slot and the second rectangular slot are perpendicular to each other; The first rectangular slot and the second rectangular slot are perpendicular to one side of the annular slot, respectively. Each of the second slots is composed of a third rectangular slot and a fourth rectangular slot, and the third rectangular slot and the fourth rectangular slot are perpendicular to each other; Each of the third slots is composed of a fifth rectangular slot and a sixth rectangular slot, and the fifth rectangular slot and the sixth rectangular slot are perpendicular to each other, the fifth rectangular slot is perpendicular to the third rectangular slot of one of the second slots, and the sixth rectangular slot is perpendicular to the fourth rectangular slot of one of the second slots.

8. The wide bandwidth beam circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The TE mode is TE 111 mode.

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