A cultivation method for regulating fruit ripening and picking period of mulberry and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of cultivation methods and applications for regulating fruit mulberry fruit ripening picking period, comprising the following steps: step S1.fruit mulberry variety selection;Step S2.fruit mulberry main stem and main cane cultivation;In the year of planting, a healthy new shoot is selected and kept as the main stem for cultivation, and the remaining auxiliary shoots are all removed;Two first main canes and second main canes extending in opposite directions are selected and kept at the top of the main stem;Step S3.fruit-bearing mother branch cultivation;Fruit-bearing mother branches are cultivated at intervals on both sides of the first main cane and the second main cane, and a V-shaped leaf curtain is formed by pulling the line;The interval distance between fruit-bearing mother branches and the included angle of the V-shaped leaf curtain are regulated;Step S4.fruit-bearing mother branch renewal pruning;Step S5.fruit branch group pinching management.The application realizes precise regulation of the initial ripening (harvesting) period, the final ripening (harvesting) period and the picking period of fruit mulberry fruits, thereby achieving staggered marketing of fruit mulberry fruits and extension of the ripening and picking period, and has high promotion value and application prospect for the development of fruit mulberry industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mulberry cultivation technology, specifically a cultivation method and its application for regulating the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruits. Background Technology

[0002] Mulberry fruit, also known as mulberry, is one of my country's third-generation novel fruits. Rich in fructose, vitamins, amino acids, polyphenols, and minerals, mulberries have been listed by the Ministry of Health as "both food and medicine." Mulberries ripen during springtime, a peak season for outings and picnics, coinciding with the off-season for other fruits. As a nutritious and health-promoting seasonal fruit, mulberries naturally become a popular choice for sightseeing and picking. In recent years, mulberry-based sightseeing and picking gardens, exemplified by Beijing Yulin Ancient Mulberry Garden, Chongqing Ganning Silkworm Breeding Farm, and Guangdong Baosang Garden, have rapidly developed across the country, exhibiting a "two belts and one area" characteristic: "along highways," "along rivers," and "tourist attraction radiation areas." However, the short ripening and picking period of mulberry fruit, generally only 20-30 days, coupled with its extremely high water content and thin peel, makes it susceptible to spoilage and poor preservation, hindering the efficient and high-quality development of mulberry-based sightseeing and picking.

[0003] The local standard DB42 / T 1677-2021, "Technical Specifications for the Cultivation of Mulberry for Tourism," is characterized by the use of either a "V"-shaped or "natural open-center" tree shape in tourism-oriented mulberry orchards. It standardizes orchard establishment and land preparation, planting, tree management, orchard management, pest and disease control, and harvesting, thereby improving the technical level of tourism-oriented mulberry cultivation and increasing the marketability and yield of mulberry fruits. However, using only this method results in a concentrated and short harvesting period for mulberry fruits, leading to immense harvesting pressure and failing to achieve the goal of regulating and extending the fruit ripening and harvesting period.

[0004] Therefore, developing a cultivation method to regulate the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruits and precisely controlling the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruits will play an important role in promoting the development of mulberry sightseeing and picking tourism. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a cultivation method and application for regulating the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruit, which realizes the precise regulation of the initial ripening (harvest) period, the final ripening (harvest) period and the harvesting period of mulberry fruit, thereby achieving staggered market launch and extension of the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruit, which has extremely high promotion value and application prospects for the development of the mulberry industry.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is: a cultivation method for regulating the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruit, comprising the following steps: Step S1. Selection of mulberry variety; Step S2. Cultivation of mulberry trunk and main vine; in the year of planting, select a strong new shoot as the main trunk for cultivation, and remove all other lateral shoots; select two main vines, the first and second, extending in opposite directions along the row at the top of the main trunk; Step S3. Cultivation of fruiting branches; cultivate fruiting branches at intervals on both sides of the first and second main vines, and form a V-shaped leaf canopy by pulling with wires; regulate the interval distance of the fruiting branches and the angle of the V-shaped leaf canopy; Step S4. Renewal pruning of fruiting branches; Step S5. Pinching management of fruiting branch groups.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, in step S1, select high-yielding, disease-resistant, and high-quality mulberry varieties suitable for the regional climate conditions, and plant them after the trees have shed their leaves and before the soil freezes, or after the soil thaws and before bud break. Among them, the mulberry varieties selected must meet the following characteristics: the tree trunk is moderate or weak, the branches are slender and straight with many branches, the branches are moderately hard or slightly soft, the leaves are relatively large, the leaf length is ≥15cm, the leaf width is ≥12cm, the fruit set rate is ≥85%, and the average number of fruits per bud is ≥4.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, in step S2, when planting, ridge cultivation is carried out with the following specifications: ridge bottom width 1.5m, ridge height 20-30cm, row spacing 2.5-3.0m, and plant spacing 2.0-3.0m.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, in step S3, the spacing between the parent branches is controlled in four levels: Level 1 is 10cm ≤ spacing < 15cm, Level 2 is 15cm ≤ spacing < 20cm, Level 3 is 20cm ≤ spacing < 30cm, and Level 4 is 30cm ≤ spacing < 40cm; the V-shaped leaf canopy angle is 60~120°.

[0010] Based on the above technical solutions, in step S3, the spacing between the resulting mother branches is controlled by measures such as bud removal, bud notching, and shoot twisting; the V-shaped leaf canopy angle is controlled by adjusting the traction and pulling angle.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, in step S4, within 15 days after the mulberry fruit matures and is harvested, prune the fruiting mother branch near the main vine, leaving 1 bud at the base. When the bud sprouts and the branch length reaches 100-120cm, pinch off the tip once. Winter pruning adopts the long shoot pruning method, leaving a branch length of 100-120cm, removing weak branches and diseased branches, and completing the renewal of the fruiting mother branch.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, in step S5, the following year, when the new shoots of the fruiting branch group grow to 30-40cm in length, the tips are pinched off, leaving 3-5 leaves.

[0013] The present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned cultivation method for regulating the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruit, including several plots of land for planting mulberry fruit. The mulberry fruit on each plot is planted using the above-mentioned cultivation method for regulating the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruit, and the spacing between the fruiting branches and the V-shaped leaf canopy angle of each mulberry fruit on the same plot are the same.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, the spacing between fruiting branches and / or the V-shaped leaf canopy angle of mulberry trees on at least one plot are different from those on other plots.

[0015] Based on the above technical solutions, the interval between fruiting branches of mulberry trees on at least one plot is level 1, and the V-shaped leaf canopy angle is 90°; the interval between fruiting branches on at least one plot is level 2, and the V-shaped leaf canopy angle is 120°; the interval between fruiting branches on at least one plot is level 3, and the V-shaped leaf canopy angle is 90°; the interval between fruiting branches on at least one plot is level 4, and the V-shaped leaf canopy angle is 60°.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. This invention enables precise control over the initial ripening (harvest), final ripening (harvest), and picking periods of mulberry fruits. By setting different combinations of spacing between mother branches and leaf canopy angles, the initial ripening (harvest) and final ripening (harvest) periods of mulberry fruits can be advanced or delayed, thus precisely controlling the ripening and picking period of mulberry fruits.

[0018] 2. This invention enables staggered market entry and extended harvesting periods for mulberry fruits. For large-scale (generally over 20 mu) production-oriented mulberry orchards, precise control over the initial ripening (harvest) period, final ripening (harvest) period, and harvesting period of mulberry fruits can be achieved by adjusting the spacing between fruiting branches and the V-shaped leaf canopy angle, thus enabling staggered market entry. For small-scale (generally 20 mu or less) sightseeing-oriented mulberry orchards, precise control over the initial ripening (harvest) period, final ripening (harvest) period, and harvesting period of mulberry fruits can be achieved by adjusting the spacing between fruiting branches and the V-shaped leaf canopy angle, thus extending the harvesting period of mulberry fruits. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a radar image of the 2023 experiment on the spacing between mulberry mother branches and the leaf canopy angle in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruits in different combinations (plots) in 2024 in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the spacing between first-level fruiting branches in the mulberry tree according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the two-level fruiting branch spacing of the mulberry tree in this invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the three-level fruiting branch spacing of the mulberry tree in this invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the 4-level fruiting branch interval distance used in the mulberry tree in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further illustrates specific embodiments of the present invention, making the technical solution and its beneficial effects clearer and more explicit. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0026] This invention provides a cultivation method for regulating the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruits, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Step S1. Selection of Mulberry Varieties: Select high-yielding, disease-resistant, and high-quality mulberry varieties suitable for the local climate. Plant the mulberry varieties after leaf fall and before the soil freezes, or after the soil thaws and before bud break. The selected mulberry varieties must meet the following characteristics: moderate or weak trunk, slender and straight branches, numerous branches, moderate or soft branch hardness, large leaves with a length ≥15cm and a width ≥12cm, a fruit set rate ≥85%, and an average of ≥4 fruits per bud.

[0028] Step S2. Cultivation of the main trunk and main vine of the mulberry tree; In the year of planting, select a strong new shoot as the main trunk for cultivation, and remove all other secondary shoots; Select two main vines, the first and second, extending in opposite directions along the row at the top of the main trunk; When planting, use raised beds with the following specifications: 1.5m wide at the bottom of the bed, 20-30cm high, 2.5-3.0m row spacing, and 2.0-3.0m plant spacing.

[0029] Step S3. Cultivation of fruiting branches; cultivate fruiting branches at intervals on both sides of the first and second main vines, and form a V-shaped leaf canopy by pulling them with wires; control the spacing between fruiting branches and the angle of the V-shaped leaf canopy; the spacing between fruiting branches is controlled in four levels, where level 1 is 10cm ≤ spacing < 15cm, level 2 is 15cm ≤ spacing < 20cm, level 3 is 20cm ≤ spacing < 30cm, and level 4 is 30cm ≤ spacing < 40cm; the angle of the V-shaped leaf canopy is 60-120°. Specifically, the spacing between fruiting branches is controlled by bud removal, bud notching, and shoot twisting; the angle of the V-shaped leaf canopy is controlled by adjusting the angle of the pulling wires.

[0030] Step S4. Renewal pruning of fruiting mother branches; within 15 days after the mulberry fruit ripens and is harvested, prune the fruiting mother branches near the main vine, leaving 1 bud at the base. When the bud sprouts and the branch length reaches 100-120cm, pinch off the tip once; winter pruning adopts long shoot pruning method, leaving a branch length of 100-120cm, removing weak branches and diseased branches to complete the renewal of fruiting mother branches.

[0031] Step S5. Pinching management of fruiting branches. The following year, when the new shoots of the fruiting branches grow to 30-40cm in length, pinch off the tips, leaving 3-5 leaves.

[0032] This invention also provides an application of the cultivation method for regulating the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruits described above. The method includes several plots of land for planting mulberry trees. The mulberry trees on each plot are planted using the same cultivation method for regulating the ripening and harvesting period. Furthermore, the spacing between fruiting branches and the V-shaped leaf canopy angle are the same for all mulberry trees on the same plot. Specifically, the spacing between fruiting branches and / or the V-shaped leaf canopy angle on at least one plot are different from those on other plots. Preferably, the spacing between fruiting branches on at least one plot is level 1 with a V-shaped leaf canopy angle of 90°; the spacing between fruiting branches on at least one plot is level 2 with a V-shaped leaf canopy angle of 120°; the spacing between fruiting branches on at least one plot is level 3 with a V-shaped leaf canopy angle of 90°; and the spacing between fruiting branches on at least one plot is level 4 with a V-shaped leaf canopy angle of 60°.

[0033] The present invention will be further illustrated by the following two embodiments.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] The experiment was conducted at the Liubei Base of the Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration Park in Shiyan City, Hubei Province (110°43′E, 32°49′N, altitude 225.5m). The experimental site belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate zone, with an average annual temperature of 15.2℃, an extreme minimum temperature of -11.9℃, annual sunshine hours of 1655–1958h, annual precipitation of 840–1150mm, and a frost-free period of 225–256 days. The soil in the orchard is yellow-brown loam with a pH of 7.5, and the integrated water and fertilizer system is in place. The mulberry variety used in the experiment was 'Yuezhen Da 10', which was planted in the spring of 2020 with a spacing of 2m*2.5m. Tree shaping was completed in the same year, and fruiting began the following year. Rain-sheltered cultivation was carried out using a multi-span greenhouse (8m wide at the base, 64.0m long in the main structure, and 4.5m high at the top). Among them, 'Yue Shen Da 10' was bred by the Sericulture and Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Its mature fruit is dark purple, cylindrical, seedless, sweet and honey-flavored, and highly productive. It is the mulberry variety with the largest planting area in my country.

[0036] The implementation scheme employed a two-factor randomized block design. Four levels were set for the spacing between fruiting branches, and three levels were set for the V-shaped canopy angle (the angle formed by the fruiting branches on both sides of the first and second main vines through wire pulling to create a V-shaped canopy). The scheme was repeated three times, with standardized management and consistent measures. Specifically, the four levels of fruiting branch spacing were A1 (Level 1: 10cm ≤ spacing < 15cm), A2 (Level 2: 15cm ≤ spacing < 20cm), A3 (Level 3: 20cm ≤ spacing < 30cm), and A4 (Level 4: 30cm ≤ spacing < 40cm); the three levels of V-shaped canopy angle were B1 (60°), B2 (90°), and B3 (120°), resulting in twelve treatments (i.e., treatment combinations): A1B1, A1B2, A1B3, A2B1, A2B2, A2B3, A3B1, A3B2, A3B3, A4B1, A4B2, and A4B3. From April to July 2023, phenological observations and data collection were conducted on mulberry fruit. Under all twelve treatments, the fruit quality of the mature mulberry met the commercial requirements of 'Yuezhen Da 10' mulberry. The initial ripening (harvest) period, final ripening (harvest) period, and harvesting period of mulberry fruit under different treatment combinations of branch spacing and canopy angle are shown in Table 1. Figure 1 As shown:

[0037] Table 1. Fruit ripening and harvesting period based on experiments involving spacing between mulberry mother branches and canopy angle.

[0038]

[0039] Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences according to Duncan's test (P < 0.05).

[0040] Mulberry fruit maturity standard: Based on the detailed classification standard of mulberry tree development period established by BBCH-Scale (which uses decimal form to accurately define and standardize the growth period and growth status of plants), "stage 77 / 87" means that the fruit peel color has reached the characteristic color of the variety, which is seven-tenths mature.

[0041] Flower bud budding: 25% of the flower buds on the entire tree begin to swell, and the bud scales begin to loosen, open, or show white. In this example, the specific time for observing flower bud bud budding was March 1, 2023.

[0042] Initial ripening (harvest) period: the number of days after flower bud budding when 5% of the mulberry fruits on the tree reach the ripening standard.

[0043] Unripe (harvest) period: The number of days after flower bud budding when 95% of the mulberry fruits on the tree have matured and been harvested, or when only 5% of the mulberry fruits are about to reach maturity.

[0044] Harvesting period: The number of days between the unripe (harvest) period and the initial ripe (harvest) period of mulberry fruit.

[0045] From Table 1, Figure 1 It can be seen that the initial ripening (harvest) period, the final ripening (harvest) period, and the picking period are all different for different combinations of the spacing between mother branches and the leaf canopy angle of mulberry.

[0046] (1) Initial ripening (harvest) period of mulberry fruit. The initial ripening (harvest) period of combinations A1B2, A1B3, and A1B1 is 60–63 days after flower bud bud break; the initial ripening (harvest) period of combinations A3B1, A2B2, A2B3, and A2B1 is 51–57 days after flower bud break; and the initial ripening (harvest) period of combinations A4B3, A3B2, A4B2, A4B1, and A3B3 is 45–49 days after flower bud break. This indicates that combinations A4B3, A3B2, A4B2, A4B1, and A3B3 have the earliest initial ripening (harvest) period, followed by combinations A3B1, A2B2, A2B3, and A2B1, and combinations A1B2, A1B3, and A1B1 have the latest initial ripening (harvest) period.

[0047] (2) Mulberry fruit ripening (harvest) period. The ripening (harvest) period for combinations A4B2, A4B3, and A3B2 is 77–79 days after flower bud sprouting; for combinations A4B1, A3B3, and A3B1, it is 82–86 days after flower bud sprouting; for combinations A2B2, A2B3, and A2B1, it is 93–95 days after flower bud sprouting; and for combinations A1B2, A1B3, and A1B1, it is 108–112 days after flower bud sprouting. This indicates that combinations A1B2, A1B3, and A1B1 have the latest ripening (harvest) period, followed by combinations A2B2, A2B3, and A2B1, then combinations A4B1, A3B3, and A3B1, and finally combinations A4B2, A4B3, and A3B2 have the earliest ripening (harvest) period.

[0048] (3) Harvesting period of mulberry fruit. The harvesting period for the fruit of combinations A1B2, A1B3, and A1B1 is 49–51 days; for combinations A3B1, A3B3, A2B1, A2B2, and A2B3, it is 36–39 days; and for combinations A4B2, A3B2, A4B3, and A4B1, it is 32–35 days. This indicates that the harvesting period for the fruit of combinations A1B2, A1B3, and A1B1 is the longest, followed by combinations A3B1, A3B3, A2B1, A2B2, and A2B3, while the harvesting period for combinations A4B2, A3B2, A4B3, and A4B1 is the shortest.

[0049] In conclusion, by setting different combinations of spacing between mother branches and leaf canopy angles to precisely control the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruits, staggered market entry and extended ripening and harvesting periods can be achieved, which has extremely high promotional value and application prospects for the development of the mulberry industry.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] This embodiment was conducted at the Yirun Ecological Planting Professional Cooperative's production-type mulberry base in Xijiadian Town, Danjiangkou City, Hubei Province (111°10′E, 32°44′N, altitude 200.1m), with open-field cultivation covering an area of ​​40 mu (approximately 2.67 hectares). Planting was carried out in the spring of 2021 with the mulberry variety 'Yuezhenda 10', with a plant spacing of 2.5m x 2.8m. Tree shaping was completed in the same year, and fruiting began the following year. The spacing between fruiting branches and the V-shaped leaf canopy angle were set at levels 1 (90°, plot 1), 2 (120°, plot 2), 3 (90°, plot 3), and 4 (60°, plot 4), with each treatment covering an area of ​​10 mu (approximately 0.67 hectares). Standardized management and consistent measures were implemented. Observations from April to July 2024 showed that the fruit quality of the mulberries in all four treatments met the commercial requirements for 'Yuezhenda 10' mulberry fruit after ripening.

[0052] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that the mulberry fruits in plot 3 have the earliest initial ripening (harvest) and final ripening (harvest) periods, and the shortest ripening and harvesting period of 31 days; the mulberry fruits in plot 4 have the second earliest initial ripening (harvest) and final ripening (harvest) periods, and the ripening and harvesting period of 32 days; the mulberry fruits in plot 2 have relatively late initial ripening (harvest) and final ripening (harvest) periods, and the ripening and harvesting period of 38 days; the mulberry fruits in plot 1 have the latest initial ripening (harvest) and final ripening (harvest) periods, and the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruits reaches 47 days. This embodiment effectively regulates the initial ripening (harvest) period, final ripening (harvest) period, and harvesting period of mulberry fruits by setting four combinations of fruiting branch spacing (level 1 90° (plot 1), level 2 120° (plot 2), level 3 90° (plot 3), and level 4 60° (plot 4) and V-shaped leaf canopy angle, thereby achieving staggered market entry of ripe mulberry fruits and extending the ripening and harvesting period.

[0053] See Figures 3-6 As shown, this invention, by setting different combinations of spacing between mother branches and leaf canopy angles, allows for the advancement or postponement of the initial ripening (harvest) and final ripening (harvest) periods of mulberry fruits, thus precisely controlling the ripening and harvesting time of the mulberry fruits. Furthermore, by precisely controlling the initial ripening (harvest), final ripening (harvest), and harvesting periods of mulberry fruits, this invention enables staggered market entry and an extended ripening and harvesting period, possessing extremely high promotional value and application prospects for the development of the mulberry industry.

[0054] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "preferred," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. Illustrative expressions of the above terms in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0055] This invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered within the scope of protection of this invention. Contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A cultivation method for regulating the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruits, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1. Selection of mulberry varieties; Step S2. Cultivation of the main trunk and main vine of the mulberry tree; In the year of planting, select a strong new shoot as the main trunk for cultivation, and remove all other lateral shoots; Select two main vines, the first and second, that extend in opposite directions along the row at the top of the main trunk; Step S3. Cultivation of fruiting branches; cultivate fruiting branches at intervals on both sides of the first and second main vines, and form a V-shaped leaf canopy by pulling with wires; adjust the interval between fruiting branches and the angle of the V-shaped leaf canopy; Step S4. Renewal pruning of the resulting mother branches; Step S5. Pinching and managing the resulting branch groups; In step S3, the spacing between the parent branches is controlled in four levels: Level 1 is 10cm ≤ spacing < 15cm, Level 2 is 15cm ≤ spacing < 20cm, Level 3 is 20cm ≤ spacing < 30cm, and Level 4 is 30cm ≤ spacing < 40cm; the V-shaped leaf canopy angle is 60° to 120°. In step S4, within 15 days after the mulberry fruit is harvested, prune the fruiting mother branch near the main vine, leaving one bud at the base. When the bud sprouts and the branch reaches a length of 100-120cm, pinch off the tip once. Winter pruning adopts the long shoot pruning method, leaving a branch length of 100-120cm, removing weak branches and diseased branches, and completing the renewal of the fruiting mother branch. In step S5, the following year, when the new shoots of the fruiting branch group grow to 30-40cm in length, pinch off the tips, leaving 3-5 leaves.

2. The cultivation method for regulating the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruits as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, select high-yielding, disease-resistant, and high-quality mulberry varieties suitable for the local climate, and plant them after the trees have shed their leaves and before the soil freezes, or after the soil thaws and before bud break. The selected mulberry varieties must meet the following characteristics: moderate or weak trunk, slender and straight branches, many branches, moderate or soft branch hardness, large leaves with a length ≥15cm and a width ≥12cm, a fruit set rate ≥85%, and an average of ≥4 fruits per bud.

3. The cultivation method for regulating the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, when transplanting, ridge cultivation is carried out with the following specifications: ridge bottom width 1.5m, ridge height 20-30cm, row spacing 2.5-3.0m, and plant spacing 2.0-3.0m.

4. The cultivation method for regulating the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the spacing between the resulting mother branches is controlled by bud removal, bud notching, and shoot twisting; the V-shaped leaf canopy angle is controlled by adjusting the traction wire angle.

5. An application of a cultivation method based on the regulation of mulberry fruit ripening and harvesting period as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It includes several plots of land for planting mulberry trees. The mulberry trees on each plot are planted using the cultivation method described in any one of claims 1 to 4 to regulate the ripening and harvesting period of the mulberry fruits. The spacing between the fruiting branches and the V-shaped leaf canopy angle of each mulberry tree on the same plot are the same.

6. The application of the cultivation method for regulating the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruits as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The spacing between fruiting branches and / or the V-shaped leaf canopy angle of mulberry trees on at least one plot are different from those on other plots.

7. The application of the cultivation method for regulating the ripening and harvesting period of mulberry fruits as described in claim 5, characterized in that: At least one plot of land has a fruiting branch spacing of level 1 and a V-shaped leaf canopy angle of 90°. At least one plot of land has a fruiting branch spacing of 2 levels and a V-shaped leaf canopy angle of 120°. At least one plot of land has a fruiting branch spacing of 3 levels and a V-shaped leaf canopy angle of 90°. At least on one plot of land, the interval between fruiting branches of mulberry trees is 4 levels, and the V-shaped leaf canopy angle is 60°.

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