A method for cultivating castor beans using abiotic stress

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for cultivating castor beans using abiotic stress, belonging to the field of castor bean cultivation technology. The method includes planting castor beans in a cultivation substrate containing zinc ions, and gradually lowering and then restoring the growth temperature of the castor bean seeds. Based on the castor bean's strong antioxidant defense system, this invention further regulates the castor bean through low-temperature acclimation. Gradually reducing temperature stress can induce the activity of the castor bean's antioxidant enzyme system, enhancing its stress resistance and cold resistance, thus mitigating the impact of low-temperature disasters on castor beans. This invention provides a theoretical reference for the promotion and utilization of castor beans and the cultivation and development of stress-resistant castor bean varieties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of castor bean cultivation technology, specifically a method for cultivating castor beans using abiotic stress. Background Technology

[0002] Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) is an annual or perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Ricinus in the family Euphorbiaceae. Its seeds contain over 50% oil, making it a renewable "green petroleum" resource. Castor bean is an oil-producing plant with specific industrial applications. Statistics show that castor oil has over 700 uses. Due to its wide range of applications, global market demand for castor oil is showing a steady upward trend. Because of its special uses and high economic value in bioenergy, biopesticides, and pharmaceutical research, countries around the world attach great importance to the development, processing, and comprehensive utilization of castor oil derivatives.

[0003] Abiotic stress refers to non-biotic environmental conditions that are detrimental to plant survival, growth, and development, and may even lead to damage, destruction, and death. These include low temperatures, high temperatures, drought, salinity, flooding, excessive light, ultraviolet radiation, mineral nutrient deficiencies, oxygen deficiency, strong winds, and air, soil, or water pollution such as heavy metals, pesticides, ozone, and sulfur dioxide. These abiotic stress factors have led to a significant decline in castor bean yields. With economic development, the demand for castor seeds and castor oil is growing rapidly, but castor beans cannot be widely cultivated in cold regions, limiting the development of the castor bean industry. While castor beans possess strong drought and salt tolerance, allowing them to grow in barren marginal lands, their low-temperature tolerance is poor. Low-temperature stress severely affects seed yield and quality, preventing widespread cultivation in cold regions. Furthermore, as a tropical and subtropical plant, castor beans lack a cold acclimatization mechanism, and traditional breeding methods cannot significantly improve their low-temperature tolerance. Therefore, developing a method for cultivating castor beans using abiotic stress is of great significance for the development and breeding of castor beans. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for cultivating castor beans using abiotic stress, thereby addressing the problems existing in the prior art. The method of this invention can increase the expression of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase activities in castor beans, further enhancing their low-temperature tolerance and providing a reference for the widespread utilization of castor beans and the cultivation of stress-resistant varieties.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] Technical Solution 1: A method for cultivating castor beans using abiotic stress, the method comprising planting castor beans in a cultivation substrate containing zinc ions, and gradually reducing and then restoring the growth temperature of the castor beans.

[0007] Furthermore, the method includes the following steps:

[0008] Disinfect and clean the castor bean seeds, then plant them in a cultivation substrate containing zinc ions. Control the growth temperature of the castor beans as follows: 5 days at 20℃; 5 days at 15℃; 5 days at 10℃; 2 days at 15℃; 3 days at 10℃; 5 days at 15℃; and 5 days at 20℃. Water daily during the growth period and apply nutrient solution every 5 days.

[0009] Further: The disinfection is performed by soaking in a 5% NaClO solution for 10 minutes.

[0010] Furthermore: the washing process involves washing with distilled water.

[0011] Furthermore, the concentration of zinc ions in the cultivation substrate is 230 mg / kg.

[0012] Furthermore, the cultivation substrate also includes fine sand and perlite in a volume ratio of 5:4.

[0013] Furthermore, the watering is to maintain the soil moisture content at 45% of the soil holding capacity.

[0014] Furthermore, the nutrient solution is Hoagland nutrient solution.

[0015] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0016] This invention utilizes zinc ion stress and low-temperature stress to stimulate and induce the expression of plant antioxidant enzyme systems, specifically by enhancing the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase. A plant's tolerance to heavy metals depends on a network of physiological and molecular mechanisms, enabling it to develop a strong antioxidant defense system in response to heavy metal stress. This invention utilizes zinc ion stress to induce a strong antioxidant defense system in castor beans, followed by low-temperature conditioning by gradually lowering and then restoring the temperature. This low-temperature stress induces the activity of the castor bean's antioxidant enzyme system, enhancing its stress resistance and cold tolerance, thus mitigating the impact of low-temperature disasters. This invention provides a theoretical reference for the promotion and utilization of castor beans and the cultivation and development of stress-resistant varieties. The method of cultivating castor beans using abiotic stress provided by this invention significantly improves the resistance of castor bean seedlings to low-temperature stress, thereby expanding the planting area of ​​castor beans, increasing yield stability, and having significant practical and economic benefits for ensuring the sustainable development of the castor bean industry. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 The SOD activity levels of each treatment group;

[0019] Figure 2 The POD activity levels of each treatment group;

[0020] Figure 3 The CAT activity level is represented in each treatment group. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0023] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0024] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be obvious to those skilled in the art. This application specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0025] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] 1.1 Materials and Methods: Zhebi No. 5 castor beans, provided by the Miscellaneous Grains Teaching and Research Section of Jilin Agricultural University, were used as the test material. Normal vigor Zhebi No. 5 castor seeds were selected and disinfected by soaking in a 5% NaClO solution for 10 minutes. After disinfection, they were washed with distilled water and set aside. The castor seeds were planted in a cultivation substrate containing zinc ions (the planting substrate was a mixture of commercially available fine sand and perlite; the fine sand was first washed with dilute nitric acid, then washed with tap water and distilled water to remove residual acid; the washed and dried fine sand and perlite were mixed in a 5:4 volume ratio to form a substrate, 1.1 kg per pot (based on dry soil), with Zn(NO3)2·5H2O as the Zn... 2+ The source is to dissolve it and mix it into fine sand and perlite to formulate Zn. 2+ In a stress-treated substrate with a concentration of 230 mg / kg, the temperature was controlled at each growth stage during the growth process (5 days at 20℃; 5 days at 15℃; 5 days at 10℃; 2 days at 15℃; 3 days at 10℃; 5 days at 15℃; 5 days at 20℃). A substrate with an equal volume of distilled water was used as a control (CK). Watering was performed daily during the growth period to maintain a soil moisture content (WHC) of 45% of soil holding capacity, with 200 mL of Hoagland nutrient solution applied every 5 days.

[0028] 1.2 Composition Determination: Seedlings were transplanted to a 10℃ low-temperature environment and grown for 48 hours. 0.1 g of fresh leaves were weighed and thoroughly ground in an ice bath. 1.0 mL of enzyme extraction solution (50 mmol / L, pH 7.0 phosphate buffer) was added, and the mixture was centrifuged at low temperature (4℃, 10000 r / min, 20 min). The supernatant obtained was the enzyme solution and stored at 4℃ for later use. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were determined according to the method of Li Hesheng (2003).

[0029] 1.3 Statistical Analysis: The experimental data were statistically analyzed using Eicel 2003 and SPSS 10.0.

[0030] Comparative Example 1

[0031] The only difference from Example 1 is that the cultivation substrate does not contain Zn. 2+ .

[0032] Comparative Example 2

[0033] The difference from Example 1 is that the Zn content in the cultivation substrate is... 2+ Replace with Pb 2+ .

[0034] Comparative Example 3

[0035] The difference from Example 1 is that Zn 2+ The concentration is 200 mg / kg.

[0036] Comparative Example 4

[0037] The difference from Example 1 is that Zn 2+ The concentration is 250 mg / kg.

[0038] Comparative Example 5

[0039] The difference from Example 1 is that the growth temperature at each growth stage is a constant 10°C.

[0040] Data and Results Statistics

[0041] The activity levels of SOD, POD, and CAT under low-temperature stress can serve as physiological indicators for assessing plant cold resistance. According to... Figure 1-3 It is evident that the present invention, through zinc ion metal stress and gradual cooling acclimatization, resulted in significantly higher SOD, POD, and CAT activities in Example 1 compared to the control group and comparative groups 1-5. This demonstrates that the abiotic stress acclimatization of the present invention can significantly improve the SOD, POD, and CAT activities of castor beans, thereby enhancing the cold resistance of castor seeds. This indicates that low-temperature stress and metal stress can effectively increase the activity of protective enzymes in castor beans. Therefore, during castor bean acclimatization and transplanting, zinc ion metal stress and gradual cooling acclimatization treatment can be used to improve the cold resistance of castor beans, enabling them to better adapt to the field planting environment and increasing the survival rate of castor beans transplanted under low-temperature conditions.

[0042] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating castor beans using abiotic stress, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: The castor bean seeds were disinfected and washed, and then planted in a cultivation substrate containing zinc ions. The growth temperature of the castor beans was controlled as follows: 5 days at 20℃; 5 days at 15℃; 5 days at 10℃; 2 days at 15℃; 3 days at 10℃; 5 days at 15℃; and 5 days at 20℃. During the growth period, the plants were watered daily and nutrient solution was applied every 5 days. The zinc ion concentration of the cultivation substrate was 230 mg / kg.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The disinfection process involves immersing the sample in a 5% NaClO solution for 10 minutes.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning process involves washing with distilled water.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cultivation substrate also includes fine sand and perlite in a volume ratio of 5:

4.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The watering is to maintain the soil moisture content at 45% of the soil holding capacity.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The nutrient solution is Hoagland nutrient solution.

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