A special fertilizer for citrus cultivation and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention relates to a special fertilizer for citrus cultivation, a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of fertilizers. The special fertilizer for citrus cultivation includes a Yupingfeng dregs extract; the preparation method of the Yupingfeng dregs extract includes the following steps: obtaining a Yupingfeng dregs water extract; subjecting the Yupingfeng dregs water extract to gradient elution separation with an ethanol-water system having a volume fraction of 0% to 95%, collecting an ethanol eluate with a volume fraction of 25% to 35%, concentrating and drying, and obtaining the Yupingfeng dregs extract. The present invention firstly finds that the Yupingfeng dregs extract has the use of preventing and treating citrus scab, and further applies it to fertilizers to obtain a special fertilizer for citrus cultivation, thereby improving the yield and quality of citrus.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a special fertilizer for citrus cultivation, a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Citrus is rich in nutrition. Its juice is rich in citric acid, amino acids, carbohydrates, multiple vitamins, calcium, phosphorus, iron and other nutrients. Its peel and core are well-known Chinese medicines and have a wide range of uses. Therefore, planting citrus has great economic value. Disease prevention and control is particularly important in the process of citrus planting. Among them, Citrus scab cysts are hosted in many citrus species. It is a pathogen that can cause scab lesions on citrus fruits, leaves and twigs. The scab disease is highly contagious in the later stage. Its mature spores will be spread and transmitted by the wind, so it is necessary to prevent and control it in time.

[0003] Yupingfeng powder is composed of three herbs: Astragalus, Atractylodes macrocephala, and Saposhnikovia divaricata. It is a famous Chinese medicine for treating spontaneous sweating due to qi deficiency and susceptibility to wind evil. It is included in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China and is a national basic Chinese patent medicine. In modern medical research, it is found that Yupingfeng contains a variety of effective ingredients, such as chromones, flavonoids, saponins, volatile oils, polysaccharides, amino acids and trace elements. Yupingfeng dregs are the dregs left after the extraction of Yupingfeng oral liquid, granules, capsules and other Chinese patent medicines. Yupingfeng oral liquid is a new dosage form included in the 1990 edition of the Pharmacopoeia. Due to its good efficacy, its annual output is large. However, the dregs produced have not been effectively utilized. In general, pharmaceutical companies directly discharge or landfill them, which will not only cause environmental pollution, but also waste precious Chinese medicine resources. At the same time, there is no report in the existing technology that Yupingfeng dregs are used to prepare special fertilizers for citrus cultivation and have the effect of preventing and treating citrus scab. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a special fertilizer for citrus cultivation and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a special fertilizer for citrus cultivation, wherein the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation comprises an extract of Yupingfeng medicinal residues;

[0006] The preparation method of the Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract comprises the following steps:

[0007] Obtaining the water extract of Yupingfeng medicinal residues;

[0008] The water extract of the Yupingfeng medicinal residues is separated by gradient elution using an ethanol-water system with a volume fraction of 0% to 95%, and the ethanol eluate with a volume fraction of 25% to 35% is collected and concentrated to dryness to obtain the Yupingfeng medicinal residues extract.

[0009] Further, the step of obtaining the water extract of Yupingfeng medicinal residues comprises the following process:

[0010] Add the Yupingfeng dregs into water 5 to 10 times the weight of the Yupingfeng dregs, then reflux extract at 105 to 110°C for 1 to 3 hours, extract 1 to 3 times, combine the extracts and concentrate to a density of 1.1 to 1.3 g / cm 3 The extract is prepared by mixing the extract of the Yupingfeng medicinal residues to obtain the water extract.

[0011] Further, the step of separating the water extract of the Yupingfeng medicinal residue by gradient elution with an ethanol-water system having a volume fraction of 0% to 95%, collecting the ethanol eluate having a volume fraction of 25% to 35% and concentrating and drying the extract of the Yupingfeng medicinal residue comprises the following process:

[0012] The extract is placed on a D101 macroporous resin column and gradiently eluted with an ethanol-water system with a volume fraction of 0% to 95%, and is eluted with water, 5% ethanol, 15% ethanol, 25% ethanol, 35% ethanol, 45% ethanol, 55% ethanol, 65% ethanol, 75% ethanol, 85% ethanol, and 95% ethanol in sequence, with each gradient elution solution using 5 to 10 column volumes, and the ethanol eluate with a volume fraction of 25% to 35% is collected and concentrated and dried to obtain the Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract.

[0013] Furthermore, the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation includes the following components in parts by weight:

[0014] 30-40 parts of urea, 2-5 parts of boric acid, 10-20 parts of calcium magnesium fertilizer and 0.5-1 part of Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract.

[0015] Furthermore, the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation includes the following components:

[0016] 35 parts of urea, 3.5 parts of boric acid, 17 parts of calcium magnesium fertilizer and 0.7 parts of Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation according to any one of the first aspects, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0018] Obtaining the Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract;

[0019] The Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract, urea, boric acid and calcium-magnesium fertilizer are added into water for dilution to obtain the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation.

[0020] Furthermore, the dilution multiple is 500 to 800 times.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation described in any one of the first aspect, and / or the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation prepared by the preparation method described in any one of the second aspect, for preventing and controlling citrus scab in citrus cultivation.

[0022] Furthermore, when applying the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation, the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation is used to spray the leaves and the tree during the young fruit formation period.

[0023] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides the application of the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation described in any one of the first aspect and / or the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation prepared by the preparation method described in any one of the second aspect in improving the quality and yield of citrus in citrus cultivation.

[0024] Furthermore, when applying the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation, the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation is used to spray the leaves and the tree during the young fruit formation period.

[0025] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0026] The embodiment of the present invention provides a special fertilizer for citrus cultivation. The present invention firstly finds that the extract of Yupingfeng medicinal residue has the purpose of preventing and treating citrus scab, and further applies it to fertilizer to obtain a special fertilizer for citrus cultivation, thereby improving the yield and quality of citrus. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0029] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a special fertilizer for citrus cultivation, the present invention provides a special fertilizer for citrus cultivation, the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation comprises a Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract;

[0030] The preparation method of the Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract comprises the following steps:

[0031] Obtaining the water extract of Yupingfeng medicinal residues;

[0032] The water extract of the Yupingfeng medicinal residues is separated by gradient elution using an ethanol-water system with a volume fraction of 0% to 95%, and the ethanol eluate with a volume fraction of 25% to 35% is collected and concentrated to dryness to obtain the Yupingfeng medicinal residues extract.

[0033] The embodiment of the present invention provides a special fertilizer for citrus cultivation. The present invention firstly finds that the extract of Yupingfeng medicinal residue has the purpose of preventing and treating citrus scab, and further applies it to fertilizer to obtain a special fertilizer for citrus cultivation, thereby improving the yield and quality of citrus.

[0034] In some specific embodiments, the step of obtaining the water extract of Yupingfeng medicinal residues comprises the following process:

[0035] Add the Yupingfeng dregs into water 5 to 10 times the weight of the Yupingfeng dregs, then reflux extract at 105 to 110°C for 1 to 3 hours, extract 1 to 3 times, combine the extracts and concentrate to a density of 1.1 to 1.3 g / cm 3 The extract is prepared by mixing the extract of the Yupingfeng medicinal residues to obtain the water extract.

[0036] In some specific embodiments, the step of separating the water extract of the Yupingfeng medicinal residues by gradient elution with an ethanol-water system having a volume fraction of 0% to 95%, collecting the ethanol eluate having a volume fraction of 25% to 35% and concentrating and drying, and obtaining the Yupingfeng medicinal residues extract comprises the following process:

[0037] The extract is placed on a D101 macroporous resin column and gradiently eluted with an ethanol-water system with a volume fraction of 0% to 95%, and is eluted with water, 5% ethanol, 15% ethanol, 25% ethanol, 35% ethanol, 45% ethanol, 55% ethanol, 65% ethanol, 75% ethanol, 85% ethanol, and 95% ethanol in sequence, with each gradient elution solution using 5 to 10 column volumes, and the ethanol eluate with a volume fraction of 25% to 35% is collected and concentrated and dried to obtain the Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract.

[0038] In some specific embodiments, the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation includes the following components in parts by weight:

[0039] 30-40 parts of urea, 2-5 parts of boric acid, 10-20 parts of calcium magnesium fertilizer and 0.5-1 part of Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract.

[0040] In some specific embodiments, the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation includes the following components:

[0041] 35 parts of urea, 3.5 parts of boric acid, 17 parts of calcium magnesium fertilizer and 0.7 parts of Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract.

[0042] In some specific embodiments, the calcium-magnesium fertilizer can directly adopt commercially available products, such as the existing calcium-magnesium fertilizer (15-0-0-15-7), which specifically refers to a fertilizer containing 15% calcium, 7% magnesium, and 15% nitrogen.

[0043] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation according to any one of the first aspects, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0044] Obtaining the Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract;

[0045] The Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract, urea, boric acid and calcium-magnesium fertilizer are added into water for dilution to obtain the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation.

[0046] In some specific embodiments, the dilution multiple is 500 to 800 times.

[0047] In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation described in any one of the first aspect, and / or the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation prepared by the preparation method described in any one of the second aspect, for preventing and controlling citrus scab in citrus cultivation.

[0048] In some specific embodiments, when applying the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation, the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation is used for foliage and tree spraying during the young fruit formation period.

[0049] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides the application of the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation described in any one of the first aspect and / or the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation prepared by the preparation method described in any one of the second aspect in improving the quality and yield of citrus in citrus cultivation.

[0050] In some specific embodiments, when applying the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation, the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation is used for foliage and tree spraying during the young fruit formation period.

[0051] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods in the following examples that do not specify specific conditions are usually measured according to national standards. If there is no corresponding national standard, then the conditions recommended by the manufacturer are followed.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] This example provides a Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract, and the preparation method of the Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract comprises the following steps:

[0054] Step (1): Add the Yupingfeng dregs into water that is 8 times the weight of the Yupingfeng dregs, and then reflux extract at 108°C for 1.5 hours, extract twice, combine the extracts and concentrate to a density of 1.2 g / cm 3 The extract is obtained to obtain the Yupingfeng medicinal residue water extract;

[0055] Step (2): subjecting the extract obtained in step (1) to a D101 macroporous resin column, and eluting with a gradient elution of an ethanol-water system with a volume fraction of 0% to 95%, and eluting with water, 5% ethanol, 15% ethanol, 25% ethanol, 35% ethanol, 45% ethanol, 55% ethanol, 65% ethanol, 75% ethanol, 85% ethanol, and 95% ethanol in sequence, with each gradient elution using 8 column volumes, collecting the ethanol eluate with a volume fraction of 25% and the ethanol eluate with a volume fraction of 35%, concentrating and drying, and obtaining the Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] This example provides a special fertilizer for citrus cultivation, which includes the following components in parts by weight:

[0058] 35 parts of urea, 3.5 parts of boric acid, 17 parts of calcium magnesium fertilizer and 0.7 parts of Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract;

[0059] The extract of Yupingfeng medicinal residues is obtained in Example 1, and the calcium-magnesium fertilizer is calcium-magnesium fertilizer (15-0-0-15-7).

[0060] Example 3

[0061] This example provides a special fertilizer for citrus cultivation, which includes the following components in parts by weight:

[0062] 30 parts of urea, 1 part of boric acid, 10 parts of calcium magnesium fertilizer and 0.5 parts of Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract;

[0063] The extract of Yupingfeng medicinal residues is obtained in Example 1, and the calcium-magnesium fertilizer is calcium-magnesium fertilizer (15-0-0-15-7).

[0064] Example 4

[0065] This example provides a special fertilizer for citrus cultivation, which includes the following components in parts by weight:

[0066] 40 parts of urea, 5 parts of boric acid, 20 parts of calcium magnesium fertilizer and 1 part of Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract;

[0067] The extract of Yupingfeng medicinal residues is obtained in Example 1, and the calcium-magnesium fertilizer is calcium-magnesium fertilizer (15-0-0-15-7).

[0068] Comparative Example 1

[0069] This example provides a Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract and a preparation method thereof, which is different from Example 1 only in that: in step (2), an ethanol eluate with a volume fraction of 5% and an ethanol eluate with a volume fraction of 15% are collected.

[0070] The preparation method of the Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract comprises the following steps:

[0071] Step (1): Add the Yupingfeng dregs into water that is 8 times the weight of the Yupingfeng dregs, and then reflux extract at 108°C for 1.5 hours, extract twice, combine the extracts and concentrate to a density of 1.2 g / cm 3 The extract is obtained to obtain the Yupingfeng medicinal residue water extract;

[0072] Step (2): subjecting the extract obtained in step (1) to a D101 macroporous resin column, and eluting with a gradient elution of an ethanol-water system with a volume fraction of 0% to 95%, and eluting with water, 5% ethanol, 15% ethanol, 25% ethanol, 35% ethanol, 45% ethanol, 55% ethanol, 65% ethanol, 75% ethanol, 85% ethanol, and 95% ethanol in sequence, with each gradient elution using 8 column volumes, collecting the ethanol eluate with a volume fraction of 5% and the ethanol eluate with a volume fraction of 15%, concentrating and drying, and obtaining the Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract.

[0073] Comparative Example 2

[0074] This example provides a Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract and a preparation method thereof, which is different from Example 1 only in that: in step (2), an ethanol eluate with a volume fraction of 65% and an ethanol eluate with a volume fraction of 75% are collected.

[0075] The preparation method of the Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract comprises the following steps:

[0076] Step (1): Add the Yupingfeng dregs into water that is 8 times the weight of the Yupingfeng dregs, and then reflux extract at 108°C for 1.5 hours, extract twice, combine the extracts and concentrate to a density of 1.2 g / cm 3 The extract is obtained to obtain the Yupingfeng medicinal residue water extract;

[0077] Step (2): subjecting the extract obtained in step (1) to a D101 macroporous resin column, and eluting with a gradient elution of an ethanol-water system with a volume fraction of 0% to 95%, and eluting with water, 5% ethanol, 15% ethanol, 25% ethanol, 35% ethanol, 45% ethanol, 55% ethanol, 65% ethanol, 75% ethanol, 85% ethanol, and 95% ethanol in sequence, with each gradient elution using 8 column volumes, collecting the ethanol eluate with a volume fraction of 65% and the ethanol eluate with a volume fraction of 75%, concentrating and drying, and obtaining the Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract.

[0078] Comparative Example 3

[0079] This example provides a special fertilizer for citrus cultivation, which includes the following components in parts by weight:

[0080] 35 parts of urea, 3.5 parts of boric acid, 17 parts of calcium magnesium fertilizer and 0 parts of Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract;

[0081] The calcium-magnesium fertilizer is calcium-magnesium fertilizer (15-0-0-15-7).

[0082] Test Example 1

[0083] In this example, the Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract provided in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was subjected to a field test on its efficacy in preventing and treating citrus scab.

[0084] Test method: The test was conducted according to the standard experimental operation for protecting the crown containing fruits. The Yupingfeng dregs extract sample was used twice every 14 days to prevent and control scab infection, with a spray volume of 3000L / Ha, and dicyanoanthraquinone was used as a control; the leaves were evaluated - the data are expressed as the % efficacy against leaf rust compared to untreated plants, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0085] Table 1

[0086]

[0087] It can be seen from Table 1 that, compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 2 and the control group using dicyanoanthraquinone as the test sample, the Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract provided by Example 1 of the present invention has excellent citrus scab prevention and treatment effect, and produces better effects than the commercially available dicyanoanthraquinone currently used for the prevention and treatment of scab at a lower dosage.

[0088] Test Example 2

[0089] The citrus cultivation fertilizer provided in Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 was applied to citrus cultivation, the variety was citrus navel orange variety, each component of the citrus cultivation fertilizer was added to water and diluted 600 times, and the citrus cultivation fertilizer was used to spray the leaves and trees during the young fruit formation period; the rest was carried out according to the existing citrus cultivation. After the fruit matured, the Vc content in the fruit was detected, and the statistical data test results are shown in Table 2.

[0090] Table 2

[0091] Test Group Vc content (mg / 100ml) Example 2 Group 59.2 Comparative Example 3 46.7

[0092] It can be seen from Table 2 that, compared with the comparative example 3 group to which the Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract was not added, the special fertilizer for citrus cultivation provided by the embodiment of the present invention can increase the Vc content in the obtained citrus, thereby improving the quality of the obtained fruit.

[0093] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a special fertilizer for citrus cultivation. It is discovered for the first time that the extract of Yupingfeng medicinal residue has the purpose of preventing and treating citrus scab, and is further applied to fertilizer to obtain a special fertilizer for citrus cultivation, thereby improving the yield and quality of citrus.

[0094] The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, which enables those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A fertilizer for preventing and treating citrus scab in citrus cultivation, characterized in that: The fertilizer for preventing and controlling citrus scab in citrus cultivation includes an extract of Yupingfeng medicinal residues, wherein the Yupingfeng medicinal residues are the medicinal residues remaining after the Yupingfeng oral liquid is extracted, and the Yupingfeng oral liquid is a dosage form included in the 1990 edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China; The preparation method of the Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract comprises the following steps: The Yupingfeng dregs are added into water which is 5 to 10 times the weight of the Yupingfeng dregs, and then refluxed and extracted at 105 to 110°C for 1 to 3 hours, and extracted 1 to 3 times, and the extracts are combined and concentrated to a density of 1.1 to 1.3 g / cm 3 of extract; The extract is loaded onto a D101 macroporous resin column and eluted with a gradient elution system of 0% to 95% by volume of an ethanol-water system, and eluted with water, 5% ethanol, 15% ethanol, 25% ethanol, 35% ethanol, 45% ethanol, 55% ethanol, 65% ethanol, 75% ethanol, 85% ethanol, and 95% ethanol in sequence, with each gradient elution solution using 5 to 10 column volumes, and the ethanol eluate with a volume fraction of 25% to 35% is collected and concentrated to dryness to obtain the Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract.

2. The fertilizer for preventing and controlling citrus scab in citrus cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer for preventing and treating citrus scab in citrus cultivation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of urea, 2-5 parts of boric acid, 10-20 parts of calcium magnesium fertilizer and 0.5-1 part of Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract.

3. The fertilizer for preventing and controlling citrus scab in citrus cultivation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fertilizer for preventing and treating citrus scab in citrus cultivation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of urea, 3.5 parts of boric acid, 17 parts of calcium magnesium fertilizer and 0.7 parts of Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract.

4. A method for preparing the fertilizer for preventing and treating citrus scab in citrus cultivation according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: Obtaining the Yupingfeng medicinal residue extract; The extract of Yupingfeng medicinal residues, urea, boric acid and calcium-magnesium fertilizer are added into water for dilution to obtain the fertilizer for preventing and treating citrus scab in citrus cultivation.

5. The method for preparing the fertilizer for preventing and treating citrus scab in citrus cultivation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dilution multiple is 500 to 800 times.

6. Use of the fertilizer for preventing and controlling citrus scab in citrus cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the fertilizer for preventing and controlling citrus scab in citrus cultivation prepared by the preparation method of the fertilizer for preventing and controlling citrus scab in citrus cultivation according to claim 4 or 5 in preventing and controlling citrus scab in citrus cultivation.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the fertilizer for preventing and controlling citrus scab in citrus cultivation is used, the fertilizer for preventing and controlling citrus scab in citrus cultivation is used to spray leaves and trees during the young fruit formation period.

8. Use of the fertilizer for preventing and controlling citrus scab in citrus cultivation as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 or the fertilizer for preventing and controlling citrus scab in citrus cultivation prepared by the preparation method of the fertilizer for preventing and controlling citrus scab in citrus cultivation as described in claim 4 or 5 to improve the quality and yield of citrus in citrus cultivation.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the fertilizer for preventing and controlling citrus scab in citrus cultivation is used, the fertilizer for preventing and controlling citrus scab in citrus cultivation is used to spray leaves and trees during the young fruit formation period.

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