A wind turbine anti-icing system based on thermal energy storage materials

Abstract

The present application discloses a wind turbine anti-icing system based on thermal energy storage materials, which relates to the technical field of wind turbine anti-icing. The system includes: a phase change material storage box and a heating airflow subsystem; a solid-liquid phase change material is stored in the phase change material storage box, which is used to absorb and store the heat of the liquid working fluid when the external environmental conditions of the gearbox lubricating oil heat dissipation subsystem, the converter liquid cooling heat dissipation subsystem and the wind turbine liquid cooling heat dissipation subsystem are non-icing conditions; the heating airflow subsystem is used to heat the fan blades in the wind turbine using the heat stored in the solid-liquid phase change material when the external environmental conditions are icing conditions, so as to achieve anti-icing of the fan blades. The present application can improve the energy utilization rate of the wind turbine anti-icing system and reduce costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wind turbine anti-icing and deicing, and in particular to a wind turbine anti-icing and deicing system based on thermal energy storage materials. Background Art

[0002] Wind power technology is currently developing vigorously, but abundant wind resources are mainly distributed in high-altitude areas such as mountainous areas and plateaus. Wind turbines operating in high-cold areas or in some areas in winter face the test of freezing environments. Key components such as gearboxes and generators face the problem of difficulty in starting at low temperatures. At the same time, wind turbine blades may also frequently suffer from the risk of icing. Wind turbines operating in specific low-temperature conditions require specific equipment or technologies to avoid the above problems.

[0003] The biggest impact on wind turbines is blade icing. At present, the research on anti-freezing technology of wind turbine blades is generally divided into anti-icing technology and de-icing technology, which can be further divided into active and passive types. Passive type refers to changing the physical properties of the blade surface to reduce or prevent blade icing; the most studied active anti-icing / de-icing technology is the heating method, which actively de-ices by increasing the surface temperature of the blade through heating elements or hot air flow. Although the heating method has a good effect, it requires sacrificing a lot of energy. Relevant research shows that each blade of a 600kW wind turbine needs to apply 15kW of electric heating power, and each blade of a 1.8MW wind turbine needs to apply 82kW of electric heating power (when the wind speed is 8m / s). The power consumption is about 14% of the annual power generation. With the manufacture of large-capacity wind turbines, the blade diameter and cabin volume will increase, and the number of heating elements or the power of the hot air blower will also increase accordingly. In addition, low temperature environment also has a negative impact on gearboxes and generators. The viscosity of the lubricating oil used in wind turbines will increase and its fluidity will deteriorate as the temperature decreases. The parts that need lubrication may not get sufficient oil supply, thus endangering the safety of wind turbine equipment. The current mainstream solution is to use active energy supply heating devices or thermostats and other equipment, which have high energy consumption and high cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a wind turbine anti-icing system based on thermal energy storage materials to solve the problems of high energy consumption and high cost of existing wind turbine deicing systems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a wind turbine anti-icing system based on thermal energy storage materials, comprising: a phase change material storage box and a heated airflow subsystem;

[0007] The phase change material storage box is respectively connected to the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem, the converter liquid cooling cooling subsystem, and the wind turbine liquid cooling cooling subsystem in the wind turbine set, and the heating air flow subsystem is respectively connected to the phase change material storage box and the blower and fan blades in the wind turbine set;

[0008] The phase change material storage box stores solid-liquid phase change material; the solid-liquid phase change material is used to absorb and store the heat carried by the liquid working fluid when the external environmental conditions of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem, the converter liquid cooling cooling subsystem and the wind turbine liquid cooling cooling subsystem are non-freezing conditions;

[0009] The heating airflow subsystem is used to heat the fan blades in the wind turbine generator set by utilizing the heat stored in the solid-liquid phase change material when the external environmental condition is an icing condition, so as to achieve anti-icing of the fan blades.

[0010] Optionally, a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a third pipeline and a fourth pipeline are laid inside the phase change material storage box;

[0011] The liquid working medium outflow end of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem is connected to the inlet of the first pipeline, and the liquid working medium inflow end of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem is connected to the outlet of the first pipeline; the liquid working medium outflow end of the converter liquid cooling subsystem is connected to the inlet of the second pipeline, and the liquid working medium inflow end of the converter liquid cooling subsystem is connected to the outlet of the second pipeline; the liquid working medium outflow end of the wind turbine liquid cooling subsystem is connected to the inlet of the third pipeline, and the liquid working medium inflow end of the wind turbine liquid cooling subsystem is connected to the outlet of the third pipeline; the liquid working medium outflow end of the heating air flow subsystem is connected to the inlet of the fourth pipeline, and the liquid working medium inflow end of the heating air flow subsystem is connected to the outlet of the fourth pipeline.

[0012] Optionally, the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem comprises a gearbox lubricating oil cooling unit; the gearbox lubricating oil cooling unit comprises a gearbox, a lubricating oil tank, a first circulation pump and a first valve connected in sequence;

[0013] The outlet of the first valve is the liquid working medium outflow end of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem, and the liquid working medium inlet of the gearbox is the liquid working medium inflow end of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem.

[0014] Optionally, the gearbox lubricating oil heat dissipation subsystem further includes a first heat exchange unit; the first heat exchange unit includes a first heat exchanger and a second valve connected in sequence; wherein the inlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the first circulation pump, and the outlet of the second valve is connected to the inlet of the gearbox;

[0015] When the external environmental condition is a non-freezing condition and the temperature of the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem is greater than the lower limit of the safe working temperature of the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem, and the temperature of the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem is less than the upper limit of the safe working temperature of the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem, the first valve is opened, the second valve is closed, the gearbox lubricating oil cooling unit and the first pipeline form a first circulation loop, and the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores the heat carried by the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem through the first circulation loop;

[0016] When the external environmental conditions are non-freezing conditions and the temperature of the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem is greater than the upper limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem, the first valve and the second valve are both opened, the gearbox lubricating oil cooling unit and the first pipeline constitute a first circulation loop, the gearbox lubricating oil cooling unit and the first heat exchange unit constitute a second circulation loop, the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores the heat carried by the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem through the first circulation loop, and the gearbox lubricating oil cooling unit performs heat exchange with the first heat exchanger through the second circulation loop to achieve gearbox cooling.

[0017] Optionally, the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem comprises a converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit; the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit comprises a second circulation pump, a converter coolant tank, a converter and a third valve connected in sequence;

[0018] The outlet of the third valve is the liquid working medium outflow end of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem, and the inlet of the second circulation pump is the liquid working medium inflow end of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem.

[0019] Optionally, the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem further includes a second heat exchange unit; the second heat exchange unit includes a second heat exchanger and a fourth valve connected in sequence; wherein the inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the converter, and the outlet of the fourth valve is connected to the inlet of the second circulation pump;

[0020] When the external environmental condition is a non-freezing condition and the temperature of the liquid working fluid of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem is greater than the lower limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem, and the temperature of the liquid working fluid of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem is less than the upper limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid of the gearbox lubricating oil heat dissipation subsystem, the third valve is opened, the fourth valve is closed, the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit and the second pipeline form a third circulation loop, and the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores the heat carried by the liquid working fluid of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem through the third circulation loop;

[0021] When the external environmental conditions are non-freezing conditions and the temperature of the liquid working fluid in the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem is greater than the upper limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid in the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem, the third valve and the fourth valve are both opened, the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit and the second pipeline form a third circulation loop, the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit and the second heat exchange unit form a fourth circulation loop, the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores the heat carried by the liquid working fluid in the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem through the third circulation loop, and the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit performs heat exchange with the second heat exchanger through the fourth circulation loop to achieve converter cooling.

[0022] Optionally, the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem comprises a wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit; the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit comprises a third circulation pump, a generator coolant tank, a wind turbine and a fifth valve connected in sequence;

[0023] Among them, the inlet of the third circulation pump and the outlet of the third heat exchanger are the liquid working medium inlet ends of the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem, and the outlet of the fifth valve is the liquid working medium outflow end of the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem.

[0024] Optionally, the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem further includes a third heat exchange unit; the third heat exchange unit includes a third heat exchanger and a sixth valve connected in sequence; wherein the outlet of the third heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the third circulation pump, and the inlet of the sixth valve is connected to the inlet of the second circulation pump;

[0025] When the external environmental condition is a non-freezing condition and the temperature of the liquid working fluid of the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem is greater than the lower limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid of the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem, and the temperature of the liquid working fluid of the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem is less than the upper limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid of the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem, the fifth valve is opened, the sixth valve is closed, the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit and the third pipeline form a fifth circulation loop, and the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores the heat carried by the liquid working fluid of the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem through the fifth circulation loop;

[0026] When the external environmental conditions are non-freezing conditions and the temperature of the liquid working fluid in the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem is greater than the upper limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid in the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem, the fifth valve and the sixth valve are both opened, the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit and the fourth pipeline constitute a fifth circulation loop, the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit and the third heat exchange unit constitute a sixth circulation loop, the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores the heat carried by the liquid working fluid in the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem through the fifth circulation loop, and the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit performs heat exchange with the third heat exchanger through the sixth circulation loop to achieve cooling of the wind turbine.

[0027] Optionally, the heating air flow subsystem includes a seventh valve, a fourth heat exchanger, a fourth circulation pump and a liquid working medium storage box;

[0028] The blower is connected to the first end of the fourth heat exchanger, and the fan blade is connected to the second end of the fourth heat exchanger; the outlet of the seventh valve is connected to the third end of the fourth heat exchanger, the fourth circulation pump is connected to the fourth end of the fourth heat exchanger, and the fourth circulation pump is connected to the inlet of the liquid working medium storage box; wherein the inlet of the seventh valve is the liquid working medium inflow end of the heating air flow subsystem, and the outlet of the liquid working medium storage box is the liquid working medium outflow end of the heating air flow subsystem;

[0029] When the external environmental condition is an icing condition, the seventh valve is opened, and the fourth heat exchanger, the fourth circulation pump, the liquid working fluid storage box and the fourth pipeline form a seventh circulation loop. The liquid working fluid in the seventh circulation loop absorbs the heat stored in the solid-liquid phase change material, and exchanges heat with the airflow in the blower through the fourth heat exchanger, thereby heating the airflow in the blower and heating the fan blades through the heated airflow to achieve anti-icing of the fan blades.

[0030] Optionally, the first pipe, the second pipe, the third pipe and the fourth pipe are all spiral pipes.

[0031] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application discloses the following technical effects:

[0032] The present application provides a wind turbine anti-icing system based on thermal energy storage materials, including a phase change material storage box and a heated airflow subsystem; through the cooperation of the phase change material storage box and the gear box lubricating oil cooling subsystem, the converter liquid cooling cooling subsystem, and the wind turbine liquid cooling cooling subsystem in the wind turbine, the solid-liquid phase change material in the phase change material storage box is used to recover the residual heat and waste heat of the gear box, converter and wind turbine in the wind turbine, and the recovered heat is used for the anti-icing of the fan blades in the wind turbine, without the need to set up additional heating equipment, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the wind turbine, improving the energy utilization rate, and at the same time reducing the cost of the wind turbine for anti-icing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of functional modules of a wind turbine anti-icing system based on thermal energy storage materials provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a front view of the cross section of the phase change material storage box;

[0036] Figure 3 It is an oblique cross-sectional view of a phase change material storage box.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] Phase change material storage box-1, pipeline-11, heating air flow subsystem-2, seventh valve-21, fourth heat exchanger-22, fourth circulation pump-23, liquid working fluid storage box-24, air flow meter-25; gear box lubricating oil cooling subsystem-3, gear box-31, lubricating oil tank-32, first circulation pump-33, first valve-34, first heat exchanger-35, second valve-36; converter liquid cooling subsystem-4, second circulation pump-41, converter coolant tank-42, converter-43, The third valve -44, the second heat exchanger -45, the fourth valve -46; the wind turbine liquid cooling subsystem -5, the third circulation pump -51, the generator coolant tank -52, the wind turbine -53, the fifth valve -54, the third heat exchanger -55, the sixth valve -56, the blower -6, the fan blade -7, the first flow meter -37, the second flow meter -47, the third flow meter -57; the first thermometer -12, the second thermometer -26, the third thermometer -38, the fourth thermometer -48, the fifth thermometer -58. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0041] At present, the application of new energy storage technology has broad prospects. The single-unit capacity of wind turbines is becoming increasingly larger. The rated current of large-power wind turbines is large. During operation, the energy loss of key components such as the internal windings and cores of the motor is large, and eventually dissipated in the form of heat energy. Similarly, large-volume gearboxes and high-power converters will also generate a lot of heat. High-power wind turbines need to be matched with large heat dissipation cooling systems. Since the heat dissipation system still has problems such as untimely heat dissipation and high cost, it is feasible to utilize the large amount of heat of high-power wind turbines based on thermal energy storage technology.

[0042] Thermal energy storage technology is used in large-power wind turbines to recover waste heat from heat-generating components such as gearboxes and generators, and use the heat to prevent and defrost the wind turbines. This not only achieves efficient energy utilization, but also reduces the cost of wind turbine anti-icing and de-icing due to the low operating and maintenance costs of the thermal energy storage technology system.

[0043] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a wind turbine anti-icing and deicing system based on thermal energy storage materials is provided, and the wind turbine anti-icing and deicing system based on thermal energy storage materials includes: a phase change material storage box 1 and a heating airflow subsystem 2.

[0044] The phase change material storage box 1 is respectively connected to the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3, the converter liquid cooling cooling subsystem 4, and the wind turbine liquid cooling cooling subsystem 5 in the wind turbine set, and the heating airflow subsystem 2 is respectively connected to the phase change material storage box 1 and the blower 6 and fan blades 7 in the wind turbine set.

[0045] The phase change material storage box 1 stores solid-liquid phase change material; the solid-liquid phase change material is used to absorb and store the heat carried by the liquid working fluid when the external environment conditions of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3, the converter liquid cooling cooling subsystem 4 and the wind turbine liquid cooling cooling subsystem 5 are non-freezing conditions; wherein the specific freezing conditions need to be determined in combination with the local meteorological conditions, and are determined by the naked eye observation of the wind farm management personnel or through the ice detector or SCADA system, and the freezing temperature is not fixed at zero degrees Celsius. wherein, the property of solid-liquid phase change material absorbing or releasing energy during the phase change process is based on the phenomenon of heat absorption or heat release when the substance changes between the solid and liquid states, and the solid-liquid phase change material has a phase change critical temperature, when the substance changes from the solid state to the liquid state (melting), it absorbs heat, and this process is called endothermic phase change; on the contrary, when the substance changes from the liquid state to the solid state (solidification), it releases heat, and this process is called exothermic phase change. In these two phase change processes, the temperature of the material remains almost unchanged before the phase change is completed, so a large amount of energy can be stored or released without causing significant temperature changes. Therefore, solid-liquid phase change materials with a suitable phase change temperature range can be selected according to the scale of heat generation of the wind turbine to recover waste heat.

[0046] The heating airflow subsystem 2 is used to heat the fan blades 7 in the wind turbine generator set by utilizing the heat stored in the solid-liquid phase change material when the external environmental condition is an icing condition, so as to achieve anti-icing of the fan blades 7 .

[0047] Specifically, the wind turbine anti-icing and deicing system based on thermal energy storage materials takes the phase change material storage box 1 as the core, and combines the gear box 31, the converter 43 and the wind turbine 53 in the wind turbine with their own complete cooling circulation subsystems to obtain an integrated system that can realize the anti-icing and deicing function. The integrated system is now divided into 5 parts, namely the gear box lubricating oil heat dissipation subsystem 3, the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 4, the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 5, the heating airflow subsystem 2 and the phase change material storage box 1. The 4 subsystems can not only work independently, but also be connected through the phase change material storage box 1 to exchange heat.

[0048] As an optional embodiment, the first pipeline, the second pipeline, the third pipeline and the fourth pipeline are laid inside the phase change material storage box 1; and the four pipelines have an enhanced heat exchange structure inside and a fin structure for enhanced heat exchange outside to enhance the thermal conductivity and heat transfer capacity between the phase change material and the liquid working fluid, and an appropriate amount of solid-liquid phase change material is placed in the gap between each pipeline and the inner wall of the box.

[0049] The liquid working medium outflow end of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3 is connected to the inlet of the first pipeline, and the liquid working medium inflow end of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3 is connected to the outlet of the first pipeline; the liquid working medium outflow end of the converter liquid cooling subsystem 4 is connected to the inlet of the second pipeline, and the liquid working medium inflow end of the converter liquid cooling subsystem 4 is connected to the outlet of the second pipeline; the liquid working medium outflow end of the wind turbine liquid cooling subsystem 5 is connected to the inlet of the third pipeline, and the liquid working medium inflow end of the wind turbine liquid cooling subsystem 5 is connected to the outlet of the third pipeline; the liquid working medium outflow end of the heating air flow subsystem 2 is connected to the inlet of the fourth pipeline, and the liquid working medium inflow end of the heating air flow subsystem 2 is connected to the outlet of the fourth pipeline.

[0050] As an optional embodiment, the first pipeline, the second pipeline, the third pipeline and the fourth pipeline are all spiral pipelines. Figure 2 and Figure 3 , wherein the pipeline 11 is a spiral pipeline for heat transfer between the liquid working medium (such as water, lubricating oil, etc.) and the phase change material. In order to highlight the laying of the pipeline 11 in the box, Figure 2 and Figure 3 Only one pipeline path is shown. In fact, there should be 4 spiral pipelines that do not interfere with each other and are laid crosswise in the phase change material storage box 1. In addition, the reason why the pipeline 11 adopts a spiral shape is to increase the contact time and path between the liquid working medium and the solid-liquid phase change material, which can better conduct heat and transfer heat. The spiral pipeline 11 shape is only a schematic, which is to ensure that the heat exchange working medium has a sufficiently long heat exchange distance in the box and a sufficiently long heat exchange time with the phase change material to achieve the highest possible heat exchange efficiency. If there are other shapes of pipelines 11 that can achieve the same effect, they are also included in the protection scope of this application and are not limited here.

[0051] As an optional implementation, Figure 1 As shown, the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3 includes a gearbox lubricating oil cooling unit; the gearbox lubricating oil cooling unit includes a gearbox 31, a lubricating oil tank 32, a first circulation pump 33 and a first valve 34 connected in sequence. The outlet of the first valve 34 is the liquid working medium outflow end of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3, and the liquid working medium inlet of the gearbox 31 is the liquid working medium inflow end of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3.

[0052] As an optional implementation, Figure 1The gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3 shown in the figure also includes a first heat exchange unit; the first heat exchange unit includes a first heat exchanger 35 and a second valve 36 connected in sequence; wherein, the inlet of the first heat exchanger 35 is connected to the outlet of the first circulation pump 33, and the outlet of the second valve 36 is connected to the inlet of the gearbox 31.

[0053] When the external environmental conditions are non-freezing conditions and the temperature of the liquid working fluid of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3 is greater than the lower limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3, and the temperature of the liquid working fluid of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3 is less than the upper limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3, the first valve 34 is opened and the second valve 36 is closed, the gearbox lubricating oil cooling unit and the first pipeline form a first circulation loop, and the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores the heat carried by the liquid working fluid of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3 through the first circulation loop.

[0054] When the external environmental conditions are non-freezing conditions and the temperature of the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3 is greater than the upper limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3, the first valve 34 and the second valve 36 are both opened, the gearbox lubricating oil cooling unit and the first pipeline constitute a first circulation loop, the gearbox lubricating oil cooling unit and the first heat exchange unit constitute a second circulation loop, the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores the heat carried by the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3 through the first circulation loop, and the gearbox lubricating oil cooling unit performs heat exchange with the first heat exchanger 35 through the second circulation loop to achieve cooling of the gearbox 31.

[0055] Specifically, when the external environmental condition is a non-icing condition and the liquid working medium temperature of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3 is greater than the lower limit of the safe working temperature of the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3, and the liquid working medium temperature of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3 is less than the upper limit of the safe working temperature of the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3, the subsystem is used to realize a single heat dissipation cycle based on solid-liquid phase change material:

[0056] 1) The liquid working fluid of the gearbox 31 is lubricating oil. A safe working temperature upper limit T1 and a temperature lower limit T2 are set for the lubricating oil. T2 is the minimum safe working temperature requirement. When the oil temperature is lower than T2, it means that the ambient temperature is too low and the viscosity of the lubricating oil may be too high and lose fluidity. The lubricating oil needs to be insulated or heated to ensure the normal operation of the gearbox 31. When the oil temperature is higher than the upper limit T1, it means that the lubricating oil is at risk of overheating, which may cause changes in the oxidation properties of the lubricating oil and increase gear wear. The heat dissipation performance of the lubricating oil needs to be increased.

[0057] 2) When the lubricating oil temperature T satisfies T2 < T < T1, refer to Figure 1 , the first valve 34 opens, forming a first circulation loop (single circulation loop) of the gearbox 31 - lubricating oil tank 32 - first circulation pump 33 - solid-liquid phase change material storage box 1 - gearbox 31. The heat dissipation of the lubricating oil is absorbed by the solid-liquid phase change material, and the heat generated by the gearbox 31 is utilized as much as possible. The liquid-cooled heat dissipation systems of the converter and the wind turbine are both in the same working mode, and can maximize the utilization of the heat dissipation generated by the gearbox 31, converter 43, and wind turbine 53. Details will not be repeated here.

[0058] When the external environmental condition is a non-freezing condition and the liquid working medium temperature of the gearbox lubricating oil heat dissipation subsystem 3 is greater than the upper limit of the safe working temperature of the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil heat dissipation subsystem 3, this subsystem is used to implement a dual heat dissipation cycle based on solid-liquid phase change materials:

[0059] Refer to Figure 1 , when the oil temperature exceeds T1, it indicates that the heat dissipation is insufficient, and the cooling capacity needs to be enhanced to ensure the normal operation of the gearbox 31 and avoid overheating problems. At this time, both the first valve 34 and the second valve 36 open, forming a first circulation loop of the gearbox 31 - lubricating oil tank 32 - first circulation pump 33 - solid-liquid phase change material storage box 1 - gearbox 31 and a second circulation loop of the gearbox 31 - lubricating oil tank 32 - first circulation pump 33 - first heat exchanger 35 - gearbox 31 (i.e., dual circulation). In the dual circulation, the liquid flow rate through the solid-liquid phase change material storage box 1 will be adjusted to ensure that, without overheating the gearbox 31, more heat dissipation generated by the operation of the gearbox 31 can be utilized. In addition, the liquid-cooled heat dissipation subsystems 4 of the converter and 5 of the wind turbine are both in the same working mode, both forming a dual circulation passing through the heat exchanger and the solid-liquid phase change material storage box 1. Under the condition of ensuring the normal operation of the converter 43 and the wind turbine 53, the heat dissipation generated by the converter 43 and the wind turbine 53 is utilized as much as possible. Details will not be repeated here.

[0060] As an optional implementation manner, as Figure 1 shown, the liquid-cooled heat dissipation subsystem 4 of the converter includes a liquid-cooled heat dissipation unit of the converter; the liquid-cooled heat dissipation unit of the converter includes a second circulation pump 41, a converter coolant tank 42, a converter 43, and a third valve 44 connected in sequence. Among them, the outlet of the third valve 44 is the liquid working medium outflow end of the liquid-cooled heat dissipation subsystem 4 of the converter, and the inlet of the second circulation pump 41 is the liquid working medium inflow end of the liquid-cooled heat dissipation subsystem 4 of the converter.

[0061] As an optional implementation manner, as Figure 1As shown, the inverter liquid cooling subsystem 4 also includes a second heat exchange unit; the second heat exchange unit includes a second heat exchanger 45 and a fourth valve 46 connected in sequence; wherein, the inlet of the second heat exchanger 45 is connected to the outlet of the inverter 43, and the outlet of the fourth valve 46 is connected to the inlet of the second circulation pump 41.

[0062] When the external environmental conditions are non-freezing conditions and the temperature of the liquid working fluid of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 4 is greater than the lower limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 4, and the temperature of the liquid working fluid of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 4 is less than the upper limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid of the gear box lubricating oil heat dissipation subsystem 4, the third valve 44 is opened, the fourth valve 46 is closed, the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit and the second pipeline form a third circulation loop, and the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores the heat carried by the liquid working fluid of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 4 through the third circulation loop.

[0063] When the external environmental conditions are non-freezing conditions and the temperature of the liquid working fluid of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 4 is greater than the upper limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 4, the third valve 44 and the fourth valve 46 are both opened, the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit and the second pipeline form a third circulation loop, the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit and the second heat exchange unit form a fourth circulation loop, the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores the heat carried by the liquid working fluid of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 4 through the third circulation loop, and the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit performs heat exchange with the second heat exchanger 45 through the fourth circulation loop to achieve cooling of the converter 43.

[0064] As an optional implementation, Figure 1 As shown, the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 5 includes a wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit; the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit includes a third circulation pump 51, a generator coolant tank 52, a wind turbine 53 and a fifth valve 54 connected in sequence; wherein, the inlet of the third circulation pump 51 and the outlet of the third heat exchanger 55 are the liquid working medium inlet ends of the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 5, and the outlet of the fifth valve 54 is the liquid working medium outflow end of the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 5.

[0065] As an optional implementation, Figure 1 As shown, the wind turbine liquid cooling subsystem 5 also includes a third heat exchange unit; the third heat exchange unit includes a third heat exchanger 55 and a sixth valve 56 connected in sequence; wherein, the outlet of the third heat exchanger 55 is connected to the inlet of the third circulation pump 51, and the inlet of the sixth valve 56 is connected to the inlet of the second circulation pump 41.

[0066] When the external environmental conditions are non-freezing conditions and the temperature of the liquid working fluid in the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 5 is greater than the lower limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid in the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 5, and the temperature of the liquid working fluid in the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 5 is less than the upper limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid in the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 5, the fifth valve 54 is opened, the sixth valve 56 is closed, the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit and the third pipeline form a fifth circulation loop, and the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores the heat carried by the liquid working fluid in the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 5 through the fifth circulation loop.

[0067] When the external environmental conditions are non-freezing conditions and the temperature of the liquid working fluid in the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 5 is greater than the upper limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid in the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 5, the fifth valve 54 and the sixth valve 56 are both opened, the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit and the fourth pipeline constitute a fifth circulation loop, the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit and the third heat exchange unit constitute a sixth circulation loop, the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores the heat carried by the liquid working fluid in the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem 5 through the fifth circulation loop, and the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit performs heat exchange with the third heat exchanger 55 through the sixth circulation loop to achieve cooling of the wind turbine 53.

[0068] As an optional implementation, Figure 1 As shown, the heating air flow subsystem 2 includes a seventh valve 21, a fourth heat exchanger 22, a fourth circulation pump 23 and a liquid working fluid storage box 24; wherein, the fourth heat exchanger 22 is a tube-fin heat exchanger, the tubular flow channel of the fourth heat exchanger 22 is connected to the fourth pipe in the phase change material storage box 1, and the fin flow channel is connected to the blower 6 and the corresponding pipeline to form a path that can be blown into the inside of the blade.

[0069] The blower 6 is connected to the first end of the fourth heat exchanger 22, and the fan blade 7 is connected to the second end of the fourth heat exchanger 22; the outlet of the seventh valve 21 is connected to the third end of the fourth heat exchanger 22, the fourth circulation pump 23 is connected to the fourth end of the fourth heat exchanger 22, and the fourth circulation pump 23 is connected to the inlet of the liquid working fluid storage tank 24; wherein, the inlet of the seventh valve 21 is the liquid working fluid inlet end of the heating air flow subsystem 2, and the outlet of the liquid working fluid storage tank 24 is the liquid working fluid outflow end of the heating air flow subsystem 2.

[0070] When the external environmental condition is an icing condition, the seventh valve 21 is opened, and the fourth heat exchanger 22, the fourth circulation pump 23, the liquid working medium storage box 24 and the fourth pipeline form a seventh circulation loop. The liquid working medium in the seventh circulation loop absorbs the heat stored in the solid-liquid phase change material, and exchanges heat with the airflow in the blower 6 through the fourth heat exchanger 22, thereby heating the airflow in the blower 6, and heating the fan blades 7 through the heated airflow to achieve anti-icing of the fan blades 7.

[0071] Specifically, when the external environmental condition is an icing condition, the heating airflow subsystem 2 and the phase change material storage box 1 are used together to realize active anti-icing based on the phase change material thermal energy storage:

[0072] Reference Figure 1 When the wind turbine generator set is in a low-temperature icing environment and the blades are facing the risk of icing, it is necessary to use the active anti-icing method of the blower 6. According to the energy stored in the solid-liquid phase change material, a seventh circulation loop of the phase change material storage box 1-the fourth heat exchanger 22-the fourth circulation pump 23-the liquid working medium storage box 24-the phase change material storage box 1 is formed. The blower 6 is connected to the fourth heat exchanger 22. The liquid working medium flows in the passage in the pipeline and absorbs the heat stored in the solid-liquid phase change material to heat up. The airflow blown by the blower 6 flows in the wing-type flow channel to absorb the heat of the liquid working medium. Under the design of the relevant passage, the airflow blows into the inner interlayer of the fan blade 7, thereby increasing the blade temperature to prevent or minimize icing. This mode realizes active anti-icing using the waste heat dissipated by the gear box 31, the converter 43 and the wind turbine 53, and realizes efficient energy utilization.

[0073] As an optional implementation, Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment can also realize low-temperature startup of key components based on phase change material thermal energy storage:

[0074] When the wind turbine generator set is in a low-temperature icing environment and the set has not yet officially started, the lubricating oil or other equipment in the gear box 31 faces the problem of low-temperature condensation. This situation will cause the set to face excessive friction when working, thereby making it difficult to start or even damaging the equipment. The existing sensor is used to evaluate the scale of heat stored in the phase change material storage box 1 when the wind turbine set was working before. If the heat scale is insufficient, the lubricating oil is heated by the traditional electric heating method, that is, a resistor or an electric heating rod is laid in the box storing the liquid working medium. When the temperature is too low, the viscosity of the liquid increases or even condenses, and it can be directly heated to increase the fluidity; the heating part includes the lubricating oil tank 32 and the liquid working medium tank; if the heat scale is sufficient, the first circulation loop of the gear box 31-lubricating oil tank 32-first circulating pump 33-phase change material storage box 1-gear box 31 is used to keep the lubricating oil or other liquids warm, or the airflow generated and heated by the blower 6 is circulated and kept warm inside the cabin. In short, the above methods can ensure the low-temperature start of the gear box 31. Except for the gearbox lubricating oil, the same operations as above can be adopted for other key components that need to be started at low temperature.

[0075] As an optional implementation, Figure 1 As shown, the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3, the converter liquid cooling cooling subsystem 4, and the wind turbine liquid cooling cooling subsystem 5 are all equipped with thermometers (such as Figure 1 The first thermometer 12, the second thermometer 26, the third thermometer 38, the fourth thermometer 48 and the fifth thermometer 58), the flow meter (such as Figure 1 The first flow meter 37, the second flow meter 47 and the third flow meter 57 in the heating system, the phase change material storage box 1 is equipped with a first thermometer 12, and the heating air flow subsystem 2 is also equipped with an air flow meter 25.

[0076] Taking the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem 3 as an example, the first flow meter 37 is used to detect the speed at which the lubricating oil flows into the phase change material storage box 1, and controls the first circulation pump 33 to adjust the flow rate while ensuring that the temperature upper limit T1 is not exceeded; the third thermometer 38 and the first flow meter 37 are in the branch from the blower 6 to the fan blade compartment, the third thermometer 38 detects the air flow temperature, and the air flow meter 25 detects the air flow speed, so as to control the power of the first circulation pump 33 and the blower 6 to ensure the temperature and speed of the air flow entering the wind turbine blade compartment.

[0077] Beneficial effects of this application:

[0078] The present application is based on solid-liquid phase change heat storage technology. Through the coordination of a phase change material storage box and a gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem, a converter liquid cooling cooling subsystem, and a wind turbine liquid cooling cooling subsystem in a wind turbine, and utilizing solid-liquid phase change materials to absorb and store a large amount of dissipated heat emitted by the gearbox, generator, and converter in a high-power wind turbine when they are working, the residual heat and waste heat of the gearbox, converter, and wind turbine can be recovered without the need for additional heating equipment. This reduces the energy consumption of the wind turbine, improves the energy utilization rate, and can also reduce the cost of the wind turbine for anti-icing. At the same time, it can also provide or supplement the energy required for the wind turbine anti-icing system to work in a low-temperature icing environment and to ensure the low-temperature startup of key components.

[0079] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0080] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting this application.

Claims

1. A wind turbine anti-icing system based on thermal energy storage materials, characterized in that: The wind turbine anti-icing system based on thermal energy storage materials comprises: a phase change material storage box and a heating airflow subsystem; The phase change material storage box is respectively connected to the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem, the converter liquid cooling cooling subsystem, and the wind turbine liquid cooling cooling subsystem in the wind turbine set, and the heating air flow subsystem is respectively connected to the phase change material storage box and the blower and fan blades in the wind turbine set; A first pipeline, a second pipeline, a third pipeline and a fourth pipeline are laid inside the phase change material storage box; The gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem comprises a gearbox lubricating oil cooling unit; the gearbox lubricating oil cooling unit comprises a gearbox, a lubricating oil tank, a first circulation pump and a first valve connected in sequence; The wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem comprises a wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit; the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit comprises a third circulation pump, a generator coolant tank, a wind turbine and a fifth valve connected in sequence; The wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem further includes a third heat exchange unit; the third heat exchange unit includes a third heat exchanger and a sixth valve connected in sequence; wherein the outlet of the third heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the third circulation pump, and the inlet of the sixth valve is connected to the inlet of the second circulation pump; The heating air flow subsystem includes a seventh valve, a fourth heat exchanger, a fourth circulation pump and a liquid working medium storage box; The blower is connected to the first end of the fourth heat exchanger, and the fan blade is connected to the second end of the fourth heat exchanger; the outlet of the seventh valve is connected to the third end of the fourth heat exchanger, the fourth circulation pump is connected to the fourth end of the fourth heat exchanger, and the fourth circulation pump is connected to the inlet of the liquid working medium storage box; wherein the inlet of the seventh valve is the liquid working medium inflow end of the heating air flow subsystem, and the outlet of the liquid working medium storage box is the liquid working medium outflow end of the heating air flow subsystem; The phase change material storage box stores solid-liquid phase change material; the solid-liquid phase change material is used to absorb and store the heat carried by the liquid working fluid when the external environmental conditions of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem, the converter liquid cooling cooling subsystem and the wind turbine liquid cooling cooling subsystem are non-freezing conditions; The heating airflow subsystem is used to heat the fan blades in the wind turbine generator set by utilizing the heat stored in the solid-liquid phase change material when the external environmental condition is an icing condition, so as to achieve anti-icing of the fan blades.

2. The wind turbine anti-icing system based on thermal energy storage materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The liquid working medium outflow end of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem is connected to the inlet of the first pipeline, and the liquid working medium inflow end of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem is connected to the outlet of the first pipeline; the liquid working medium outflow end of the converter liquid cooling subsystem is connected to the inlet of the second pipeline, and the liquid working medium inflow end of the converter liquid cooling subsystem is connected to the outlet of the second pipeline; the liquid working medium outflow end of the wind turbine liquid cooling subsystem is connected to the inlet of the third pipeline, and the liquid working medium inflow end of the wind turbine liquid cooling subsystem is connected to the outlet of the third pipeline; the liquid working medium outflow end of the heating air flow subsystem is connected to the inlet of the fourth pipeline, and the liquid working medium inflow end of the heating air flow subsystem is connected to the outlet of the fourth pipeline.

3. The wind turbine anti-icing system based on thermal energy storage materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outlet of the first valve is the liquid working medium outflow end of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem, and the liquid working medium inlet of the gearbox is the liquid working medium inflow end of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem.

4. The wind turbine anti-icing system based on thermal energy storage materials according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The gearbox lubricating oil heat dissipation subsystem further comprises a first heat exchange unit; the first heat exchange unit comprises a first heat exchanger and a second valve connected in sequence; wherein the inlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the first circulation pump, and the outlet of the second valve is connected to the inlet of the gearbox; When the external environmental condition is a non-freezing condition and the temperature of the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem is greater than the lower limit of the safe working temperature of the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem, and the temperature of the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem is less than the upper limit of the safe working temperature of the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem, the first valve is opened, the second valve is closed, the gearbox lubricating oil cooling unit and the first pipeline form a first circulation loop, and the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores the heat carried by the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem through the first circulation loop; When the external environmental conditions are non-freezing conditions and the temperature of the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem is greater than the upper limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem, the first valve and the second valve are both opened, the gearbox lubricating oil cooling unit and the first pipeline constitute a first circulation loop, the gearbox lubricating oil cooling unit and the first heat exchange unit constitute a second circulation loop, the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores the heat carried by the liquid working medium of the gearbox lubricating oil cooling subsystem through the first circulation loop, and the gearbox lubricating oil cooling unit performs heat exchange with the first heat exchanger through the second circulation loop to achieve gearbox cooling.

5. The wind turbine anti-icing system based on thermal energy storage materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem comprises a converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit; the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit comprises a second circulation pump, a converter coolant tank, a converter and a third valve connected in sequence; The outlet of the third valve is the liquid working medium outflow end of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem, and the inlet of the second circulation pump is the liquid working medium inflow end of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem.

6. The wind turbine anti-icing system based on thermal energy storage materials according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem further includes a second heat exchange unit; the second heat exchange unit includes a second heat exchanger and a fourth valve connected in sequence; wherein the inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the converter, and the outlet of the fourth valve is connected to the inlet of the second circulation pump; When the external environmental condition is a non-freezing condition and the temperature of the liquid working fluid of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem is greater than the lower limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem, and the temperature of the liquid working fluid of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem is less than the upper limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid of the gearbox lubricating oil heat dissipation subsystem, the third valve is opened, the fourth valve is closed, the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit and the second pipeline form a third circulation loop, and the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores the heat carried by the liquid working fluid of the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem through the third circulation loop; When the external environmental conditions are non-freezing conditions and the temperature of the liquid working fluid in the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem is greater than the upper limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid in the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem, the third valve and the fourth valve are both opened, the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit and the second pipeline form a third circulation loop, the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit and the second heat exchange unit form a fourth circulation loop, the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores the heat carried by the liquid working fluid in the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem through the third circulation loop, and the converter liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit performs heat exchange with the second heat exchanger through the fourth circulation loop to achieve converter cooling.

7. The wind turbine anti-icing system based on thermal energy storage materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet of the third circulation pump and the outlet of the third heat exchanger are the liquid working medium inlet ends of the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem, and the outlet of the fifth valve is the liquid working medium outflow end of the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem.

8. The wind turbine anti-icing system based on thermal energy storage materials according to claim 7 is characterized in that: When the external environmental condition is a non-freezing condition and the temperature of the liquid working fluid of the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem is greater than the lower limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid of the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem, and the temperature of the liquid working fluid of the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem is less than the upper limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid of the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem, the fifth valve is opened, the sixth valve is closed, the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit and the third pipeline form a fifth circulation loop, and the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores the heat carried by the liquid working fluid of the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem through the fifth circulation loop; When the external environmental conditions are non-freezing conditions and the temperature of the liquid working fluid in the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem is greater than the upper limit of the safe operating temperature of the liquid working fluid in the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem, the fifth valve and the sixth valve are both opened, the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit and the fourth pipeline constitute a fifth circulation loop, the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit and the third heat exchange unit constitute a sixth circulation loop, the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores the heat carried by the liquid working fluid in the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation subsystem through the fifth circulation loop, and the wind turbine liquid cooling and heat dissipation unit performs heat exchange with the third heat exchanger through the sixth circulation loop to achieve cooling of the wind turbine.

9. The wind turbine anti-icing system based on thermal energy storage materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating air flow subsystem includes a seventh valve, a fourth heat exchanger, a fourth circulation pump and a liquid working medium storage box; The blower is connected to the first end of the fourth heat exchanger, and the fan blade is connected to the second end of the fourth heat exchanger; the outlet of the seventh valve is connected to the third end of the fourth heat exchanger, the fourth circulation pump is connected to the fourth end of the fourth heat exchanger, and the fourth circulation pump is connected to the inlet of the liquid working medium storage box; wherein the inlet of the seventh valve is the liquid working medium inflow end of the heating air flow subsystem, and the outlet of the liquid working medium storage box is the liquid working medium outflow end of the heating air flow subsystem; When the external environmental condition is an icing condition, the seventh valve is opened, and the fourth heat exchanger, the fourth circulation pump, the liquid working fluid storage box and the fourth pipeline form a seventh circulation loop. The liquid working fluid in the seventh circulation loop absorbs the heat stored in the solid-liquid phase change material, and exchanges heat with the airflow in the blower through the fourth heat exchanger, thereby heating the airflow in the blower and heating the fan blades through the heated airflow to achieve anti-icing of the fan blades.

10. The wind turbine anti-icing system based on thermal energy storage materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pipe, the second pipe, the third pipe and the fourth pipe are all spiral pipes.

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