A GIS-based online monitoring method for communication optical cables

Abstract

The invention discloses a communication optical cable online monitoring method based on GIS, and relates to the technical field of communication optical cable fault monitoring. The invention provides a communication optical cable online monitoring method based on GIS. In the process of analyzing the performance of the optical cable, the optical cable performance information corresponding to each monitoring section of the designated communication optical cable is collected, including bending loss, dispersion compensation value and optical power loss, so as to help fully understand the operation status of the optical cable, and then quickly locate and solve the problem, thereby avoiding service interruption caused by the degradation of optical fiber performance. In the process of analyzing the environment in which the optical cable is located, the environmental parameters corresponding to each monitoring section of the designated communication optical cable, such as electromagnetic interference intensity and chemical corrosion index, are obtained, which helps to evaluate the influence of the external environment on the stability of the optical cable, thereby reducing the threat of environmental factors to the performance of the optical cable, and taking protective measures in advance to extend the service life of the optical cable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of communication optical cable fault monitoring, and in particular to a communication optical cable online monitoring method based on GIS. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of information technology, communication networks, especially optical cable networks, have become the infrastructure of modern society. As the core component of data transmission, the stability and reliability of optical cables directly affect the quality and speed of information transmission. GIS technology has significant advantages in spatial data management and analysis. It can integrate geographic information with optical cable locations and perform visualization, making the monitoring and management of optical cables more intuitive and efficient.

[0003] Prior art, such as the invention patent application with announcement number CN103516427A, discloses a GIS-based online monitoring method for communication optical cables, providing an optical switch unit, which receives a test command from a monitoring host, controls an optical time domain reflection unit to switch to the optical cable to be tested, and the optical time domain reflection unit tests the operation status of the optical cable, and transmits the tested data and indicators to the monitoring host. The present invention is based on the actual communication network, is intuitive, can quickly locate the fault point, and greatly improves the handling of communication optical cables. In addition, after combining with terrain information, it can obtain the location information of the surrounding optical cables, the occupancy of the fiber core, the length of the optical cable, etc., and arrange the transfer of the spare optical path in time.

[0004] With respect to the above scheme, the applicant of the present invention has found that the above technology has at least the following technical problems: 1. The above scheme lacks comprehensive fault analysis of communication optical cables, which will lead to delays in fault warning and processing. It does not judge whether the optical cable has abnormal conditions based on a comprehensive evaluation of the optical cable performance and environmental factors, which will cause some potential fault points to be ignored and unable to be intervened and processed at an early stage. It also lacks predictive maintenance analysis content, which will lead to passivity and delays in maintenance work. It does not use historical data to analyze the maintenance needs of optical cables, which makes maintenance work inaccurate and in a timely manner, increases the risk of optical cable failures, and affects the stability and reliability of the communication network.

[0005] 2. The above scheme mainly relies on the optical time domain reflectometer to test the status of the optical cable, which can only provide basic information such as the breakpoints and losses of the optical cable. It is difficult to fully analyze the comprehensive performance of the optical cable, such as bending loss and dispersion. It will miss potential problems caused by changes in the performance of the optical cable and cannot fully evaluate the operating status of the optical cable. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a communication optical cable online monitoring method based on GIS, which solves the problems existing in the background technology.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a GIS-based communication optical cable online monitoring method, comprising: Step 1, optical cable performance analysis: dividing the laying range of the designated communication optical cable into various monitoring sections, collecting the optical cable performance information corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section, and then analyzing the comprehensive performance evaluation value corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section.

[0008] Step 2: Analyze the environment in which the optical cable is located: obtain the corresponding environmental parameters of the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section, including electromagnetic interference intensity and chemical corrosion index, and then analyze the environmental impact factors of the environment in which the specified communication optical cable is located in each monitoring section.

[0009] Step 3: Comprehensive fault analysis: Based on the comprehensive performance evaluation value corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section and the environmental impact factor of the environment corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section, evaluate whether the designated communication optical cable has any abnormal situation in each monitoring section, and then analyze the abnormal situation handling process of the designated communication optical cable.

[0010] Step 4: Predictive maintenance analysis: Obtain historical data corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section from the database. The historical data includes the number of mechanical fatigue cycles, the number of extreme weather events, and the number of human damages, so as to analyze the maintenance assessment index corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section, thereby analyzing whether the specified communication optical cable needs maintenance work in each monitoring section.

[0011] Step 5: Early warning: When an abnormal situation occurs in a certain monitoring section of the designated communication optical cable or when maintenance work is required on the designated communication optical cable in a certain monitoring section, an early warning will be issued.

[0012] Preferably, the evaluation specifies whether an abnormal situation occurs in each monitoring section of the communication optical cable, and the specific evaluation process is as follows: according to the comprehensive performance evaluation value corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section and the environmental impact factor of the environment corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section, the comprehensive fault evaluation coefficient corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section is analyzed, and the comprehensive fault evaluation coefficient includes the values ​​0 and 1. When the comprehensive fault evaluation coefficient corresponding to a monitoring section is 0, it indicates that the specified communication optical cable has an abnormal situation in the monitoring section. When the comprehensive fault evaluation coefficient corresponding to a monitoring section is 1, it indicates that the specified communication optical cable has no abnormal situation in the monitoring section, thereby evaluating whether the specified communication optical cable has an abnormal situation in each monitoring section.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention provides a GIS-based online monitoring method for communication optical cables. During the process of analyzing the performance of optical cables, the optical cable performance information corresponding to the specified communication optical cables in each monitoring section, including bending loss, dispersion compensation value and optical power loss, is collected, which helps to fully understand the operating status of the optical cables, and then quickly locate and solve problems, avoiding service interruptions caused by the degradation of optical fiber performance. During the process of analyzing the environment in which the optical cables are located, the environmental parameters corresponding to the specified communication optical cables in each monitoring section, such as electromagnetic interference intensity and chemical corrosion index, are obtained, which helps to evaluate the impact of the external environment on the stability of the optical cables, and then reduce the threat of environmental factors to the performance of the optical cables, and take protective measures in advance to extend the service life of the optical cables.

[0014] 2. In the comprehensive fault analysis process of the embodiment of the present invention, the combined analysis of the comprehensive performance evaluation value and the environmental influencing factors of the environment is conducive to accurately evaluating whether the optical cable has abnormal conditions, helping to timely discover and solve potential problems, ensuring the high reliability and stability of the communication network. In the predictive maintenance analysis process, by analyzing historical data to predict future maintenance needs, maintenance work can be arranged in advance to prevent small problems from turning into big problems, reduce the losses caused by sudden failures, and improve the overall network operation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the implementation steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] See also Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a communication optical cable online monitoring method based on GIS, the method comprising: step one, optical cable performance analysis: dividing the laying range of the designated communication optical cable into various monitoring sections, collecting the optical cable performance information corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section, the optical cable performance information including bending loss, dispersion compensation value and optical power loss, and then analyzing the comprehensive performance evaluation value corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section.

[0019] In a specific embodiment, the acquisition of the optical cable performance information corresponding to each monitoring section of the designated communication optical cable is performed as follows: the optical cable performance information includes bending loss, dispersion compensation value and optical power loss. A light source and an optical power meter are used for benchmark testing to record the optical power of a designated communication optical cable in a monitoring section in an unbent state. Different radii of bending are applied to the designated communication optical cable in the monitoring section, and the optical power in the bent state is measured. The formula Get the bending loss L corresponding to a specified communication optical cable in a monitoring section db , where P0 and P1 represent the optical power in the unbent state and the optical power in the bent state, respectively, thereby obtaining the bending loss corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section.

[0020] Use a dispersion tester to measure the designated communication optical cables in each monitoring section, record the dispersion value when no dispersion compensation is performed, use a fiber Bragg grating to apply dispersion compensation, record the compensated dispersion value, subtract the compensated dispersion value from the dispersion value when no dispersion compensation is performed, and then obtain the dispersion compensation value corresponding to the designated communication optical cables in each monitoring section.

[0021] An optical power meter is used to measure at the beginning and end of each monitoring section to obtain the optical power at the beginning and end of each monitoring section, that is, the input optical power and output optical power corresponding to each monitoring section. The input optical power of each monitoring section is subtracted from the output optical power to obtain the optical power difference corresponding to each monitoring section. The optical power difference corresponding to each monitoring section is divided by the specified communication optical cable length corresponding to each monitoring section to obtain the optical power loss corresponding to each monitoring section.

[0022] It should be noted that the measurement is performed by inserting the test connector at different positions of the optical cable. The connector should have non-invasive characteristics to ensure that the test process has minimal impact on the optical cable. The test is performed during the off-peak period of the communication network to reduce interference with normal communication. Bending loss refers to the loss of optical signals caused by bending of the optical fiber. The optical signal loss occurs in the bending area of ​​the optical fiber, mainly because the propagation path of light at the bend of the optical fiber is changed, resulting in part of the light energy leaking into the cladding of the optical fiber. Optical power loss refers to the power attenuation of the optical signal during optical fiber transmission due to various reasons, including but not limited to bending loss, absorption, scattering, etc. The non-invasive feature means that the test connector does not cause physical or chemical damage to the structure, function or performance of the optical cable during measurement or detection.

[0023] In a specific embodiment, the analysis specifies the comprehensive performance evaluation value corresponding to each monitoring section of the communication optical cable, and the specific analysis process is as follows: obtaining standard optical cable performance information corresponding to the specified optical cable from a database, the standard optical cable performance information including standard bending loss, standard dispersion compensation value and standard optical power loss.

[0024] By calculating the formula

[0025] Get the comprehensive performance evaluation value α corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section i , i is the number corresponding to each monitoring section, i=1, 2, ..., n, n is any integer greater than 2, i represents the total number of monitoring sections, where BLi, DCi, NEi represent the bending loss, dispersion compensation value, and optical power loss corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in the i-th monitoring section, respectively, BL′, DC′, NE′ represent the standard bending loss, standard dispersion compensation value, and standard optical power loss, respectively, κ1, κ2, κ3 are the weight factors corresponding to the set bending loss, dispersion compensation value, and optical power loss, respectively.

[0026] It should be noted that the values ​​of κ1, κ2, and κ3 are all greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0027] It should also be noted that we first analyze the influence of bending loss, dispersion compensation value and optical power loss on communication optical cables. Bending loss is closely related to the actual installation environment of communication optical cables and has a significant impact on signal transmission. Therefore, a high weight is given to bending loss. The dispersion compensation value involves the distortion of the signal. Since the influence of the dispersion compensation value is more stable than that of the bending loss, the weight factor of the dispersion compensation value is at the average value. Optical power loss directly affects signal strength and is an important indicator for evaluating the health of communication optical cables. Therefore, a high weight is given to optical power loss. Combined with historical data and expert opinions, the weight factors corresponding to the set bending loss, dispersion compensation value and optical power loss are determined.

[0028] Step 2: Analyze the environment in which the optical cable is located: obtain the corresponding environmental parameters of the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section, including electromagnetic interference intensity and chemical corrosion index, and then analyze the environmental impact factors of the environment in which the specified communication optical cable is located in each monitoring section.

[0029] In a specific embodiment, the environmental parameters corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section are obtained, and the specific acquisition process is as follows: the environmental parameters include electromagnetic interference intensity and chemical corrosion index. At each data collection point set for the specified communication optical cable, the electromagnetic interference intensity corresponding to each data collection point in each monitoring section is obtained by detecting with an electromagnetic interference detector. The result obtained by mean calculation is the electromagnetic interference intensity corresponding to each monitoring section.

[0030] Soil samples are collected at each data collection point, and the concentration of each soil chemical substance contained in each soil sample is measured by an environmental corrosion monitoring instrument. The concentration of each chemical gas corresponding to each data collection point is measured at each data collection point by an environmental corrosion monitoring instrument. The concentration of each soil chemical substance and the concentration of each chemical gas are recorded as the concentration of each chemical substance, and the chemical corrosion index corresponding to each monitoring section is calculated.

[0031] It should be noted that, through the formula Get the chemical corrosion index P corresponding to each monitoring section i , where j is the number corresponding to each data collection point, j = 1, 2, ..., m, m is any integer greater than 2, j represents the total number of data collection points, c i It is expressed as the number of data collection points corresponding to the ith monitoring segment, b ij and ij They are respectively represented as the chemical gas concentration and weight factor corresponding to the jth data collection point in the ith monitoring section.

[0032] It should also be noted that the external structure of the communication optical cable will be affected by electromagnetic interference, such as the metal sheath. If the metal sheath or shielding layer of the communication optical cable is subject to strong electromagnetic interference, it will affect the auxiliary electronic equipment of the communication optical cable, such as optical modules and signal amplifiers. Strong electromagnetic interference will cause the operation of the auxiliary electronic equipment to be unstable or cause misoperation. Chemical corrosion will cause damage to the outer sheath of the communication optical cable, thereby reducing the protection of the optical fiber, and further affecting the physical integrity and optical properties of the optical fiber. Chemical corrosion will affect the mechanical strength of the optical cable and increase the risk of breakage of the communication optical cable, such as in application scenarios that require high mechanical strength.

[0033] In a specific embodiment, the environmental impact factors of the environment corresponding to each monitoring section of the specified communication optical cable are analyzed, and the specific analysis process is as follows: obtaining standard environmental parameters corresponding to the specified optical cable from a database, the standard environmental parameters including standard electromagnetic interference intensity and standard chemical corrosion index;

[0034] By calculating the formula The environmental impact factor βi of the environment corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section is obtained, where Ei and Pi represent the electromagnetic interference intensity and chemical corrosion index corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in the i-th monitoring section, respectively, E′ and P′ represent the standard electromagnetic interference intensity and standard chemical corrosion index, respectively, ι1 and ι2 are the weight factors corresponding to the set electromagnetic interference intensity and chemical corrosion index, respectively.

[0035] It should be noted that the values ​​of ι1 and ι2 are both greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0036] It should also be noted that the weight factors corresponding to each historical electromagnetic interference intensity and each historical chemical corrosion index corresponding to each historical environmental impact factor are obtained from the database, and the median is selected from the weight factors corresponding to each historical electromagnetic interference intensity and the weight factors corresponding to each historical chemical corrosion index, respectively, and the results obtained are the weight factors corresponding to the set electromagnetic interference intensity and the weight factors corresponding to the chemical corrosion index.

[0037] Step 3: Comprehensive fault analysis: Based on the comprehensive performance evaluation value corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section and the environmental impact factor of the environment corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section, evaluate whether the designated communication optical cable has any abnormal situation in each monitoring section, and then analyze the abnormal situation handling process of the designated communication optical cable.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, the evaluation of whether an abnormal situation occurs in each monitoring section of the designated communication optical cable is performed as follows: based on the comprehensive performance evaluation value corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section and the environmental impact factor of the environment corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section, the comprehensive fault evaluation coefficient corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section is analyzed and obtained, and the comprehensive fault evaluation coefficient includes the values ​​0 and 1. When the comprehensive fault evaluation coefficient corresponding to a monitoring section is 0, it indicates that an abnormal situation occurs in the designated communication optical cable in the monitoring section. When the comprehensive fault evaluation coefficient corresponding to a monitoring section is 1, it indicates that the designated communication optical cable does not occur in the monitoring section. In this way, it is evaluated whether an abnormal situation occurs in the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, the analysis obtains the comprehensive fault assessment coefficient corresponding to each monitoring section of the specified communication optical cable. The specific analysis process is as follows: According to the communication optical cable fault assessment expression: The comprehensive fault assessment coefficient ξi corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section is obtained, where X represents the set comprehensive fault assessment coefficient threshold.

[0040] It should be noted that e is a natural constant, and the comprehensive fault assessment coefficient threshold is an important basis for evaluating whether a specified communication optical cable has an abnormal situation. For example, when X is expressed as a value of 50, If the value is 40, the specified communication optical cable has an abnormal condition in the monitoring section.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, the analysis of the abnormal situation handling process of the designated communication optical cable is as follows: when an abnormal situation occurs in a certain monitoring section of the designated communication optical cable, the specific location of the abnormal situation in the monitoring section is obtained through the GIS system, and the positioning information provided by the GIS system is sent to the nearest maintenance point, and a maintenance team is dispatched to perform maintenance work.

[0042] When an abnormal situation occurs in a certain monitoring section of a designated communication optical cable, the maintenance requirement assessment index corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in the monitoring section is analyzed according to the comprehensive fault assessment coefficient corresponding to the monitoring section and combined with the historical data corresponding to the monitoring section. The maintenance requirement assessment index corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section is thus analyzed.

[0043] It should be noted that the nearest maintenance point refers to the maintenance point closest to the location where the abnormal situation occurs. The GIS system is a computer system used to store, manage, analyze and display geographic data. GIS is used in planning and analyzing information related to geographic location. In communication optical cable management, the GIS system can provide the precise location and distribution map of the optical cable.

[0044] Step 4: Predictive maintenance analysis: Obtain historical data corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section from the database. The historical data includes the number of mechanical fatigue cycles, the number of extreme weather events, and the number of human damages, so as to analyze the maintenance assessment index corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section, thereby analyzing whether the specified communication optical cable needs maintenance work in each monitoring section.

[0045] It should be noted that the number of mechanical fatigue cycles indicates the number of mechanical stress cycles experienced by the communication optical cable during use. For example, during the laying and use of the communication optical cable, if the communication optical cable is constantly subjected to bending, vibration or other mechanical loads, the mechanical stress cycles will cause fatigue of the communication optical cable material.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, the maintenance evaluation index corresponding to each monitoring section of the specified communication optical cable is analyzed, and the specific analysis process is as follows: the number of safe mechanical fatigue cycles, the number of safe extreme weather events, and the number of safe man-made damages corresponding to the specified communication optical cable are obtained from a database;

[0047] By calculating the formula The maintenance assessment index ψi corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section is obtained, where Ti, Si, and Ci represent the number of mechanical fatigue cycles, the number of extreme weather events, and the number of human damages corresponding to the i-th monitoring section, respectively; T′, S′, and C′ represent the safe number of mechanical fatigue cycles, the safe number of extreme weather events, and the safe number of human damages, respectively; μ1, μ2, μ3, and μ4 are the weight factors corresponding to the set number of mechanical fatigue cycles, the weight factors corresponding to the number of extreme weather events, the weight factors corresponding to the number of human damages, and the weight factors corresponding to the comprehensive fault assessment coefficient, respectively.

[0048] It should be noted that the values ​​of μ1, μ2, μ3 and μ4 are all greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0049] It should also be noted that the number of mechanical fatigue cycles directly affects the physical stability and life of communication optical cables, and is therefore given a high weight. The number of extreme weather events directly affects the environmental adaptability and durability of communication optical cables, and the potential damage to communication optical cables is usually large, so it is given a high weight. The risks involved in the number of human damage are uncontrollable and will cause serious optical cable failures, so it is given a high weight. The comprehensive fault assessment coefficient is the result of a comprehensive evaluation of system performance, reflecting the comprehensive impact of the performance of communication optical cables and the environment in which they are located, so it is given the highest weight. Combined with the historical weight factor settings and expert opinions, the weight factors corresponding to the set number of mechanical fatigue cycles, the weight factors corresponding to the number of extreme weather events, the weight factors corresponding to the number of human damage, and the weight factors corresponding to the comprehensive fault assessment coefficient are obtained. For example: the weight factor for the number of mechanical fatigue cycles is 0.2, the weight factor for the number of extreme weather events is 0.2, the weight factor for the number of human damage is 0.2, and the weight factor for the comprehensive fault assessment coefficient is 0.4.

[0050] In a specific embodiment, the analysis specifies whether maintenance work is required for the communication optical cable in each monitoring section, and the specific analysis process is as follows: the maintenance requirement assessment index corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section is compared with the set maintenance requirement assessment index threshold value. If the maintenance requirement assessment index corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in a certain monitoring section is greater than or equal to the set maintenance requirement assessment index threshold value, it means that the specified communication optical cable needs maintenance work in the monitoring section. If the maintenance requirement assessment index corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in a certain monitoring section is less than the set maintenance requirement assessment index threshold value, it means that the specified communication optical cable does not need maintenance work in the monitoring section, thereby analyzing whether the specified communication optical cable needs maintenance work in each monitoring section.

[0051] In the comprehensive fault analysis process of the embodiment of the present invention, the combined analysis of the comprehensive performance evaluation value and the environmental influencing factors of the environment is conducive to accurately evaluating whether the optical cable has abnormal conditions, helping to timely discover and solve potential problems, ensuring the high reliability and stability of the communication network, and in the predictive maintenance analysis process, by analyzing historical data to predict future maintenance needs, arranging maintenance work in advance, preventing small problems from turning into big problems, reducing the losses caused by sudden failures, and improving the overall network operation efficiency.

[0052] Step 5: Early warning: When an abnormal situation occurs in a certain monitoring section of the designated communication optical cable or when maintenance work is required on the designated communication optical cable in a certain monitoring section, an early warning will be issued.

[0053] The present invention provides a GIS-based online monitoring method for communication optical cables. In the process of analyzing the performance of optical cables, the optical cable performance information corresponding to the specified communication optical cables in each monitoring section is collected, including bending loss, dispersion compensation value and optical power loss, so as to help fully understand the operation status of the optical cables, and then quickly locate and solve the problems, thereby avoiding service interruption caused by the degradation of optical fiber performance. In the process of analyzing the environment in which the optical cables are located, the environmental parameters corresponding to the specified communication optical cables in each monitoring section, such as electromagnetic interference intensity and chemical corrosion index, are obtained, which helps to evaluate the influence of the external environment on the stability of the optical cables, thereby reducing the threat of environmental factors to the performance of the optical cables, and taking protective measures in advance to extend the service life of the optical cables.

[0054] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined in this specification, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A GIS-based communication optical cable online monitoring method, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Optical cable performance analysis: Divide the laying range of the designated communication optical cable into various monitoring sections, collect the optical cable performance information corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section, and then analyze the comprehensive performance evaluation value corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section; The comprehensive performance evaluation value corresponding to each monitoring section of the specified communication optical cable is analyzed, and the specific analysis process is as follows: obtaining standard optical cable performance information corresponding to the specified optical cable from the database, the standard optical cable performance information including standard bending loss, standard dispersion compensation value and standard optical power loss; By calculating the formula Get the comprehensive performance evaluation value α corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section i , i is the number corresponding to each monitoring segment, i = 1, 2, ..., n, n is any integer greater than 2, i represents the total number of monitoring segments, where BL i 、DC i ,NE i They represent the bending loss, dispersion compensation value, and optical power loss of the specified communication optical cable in the i-th monitoring section, respectively; BL′, DC′, and NE′ represent the standard bending loss, standard dispersion compensation value, and standard optical power loss, respectively; κ1, κ2, and κ3 are the weight factors corresponding to the set bending loss, dispersion compensation value, and optical power loss, respectively; Step 2: Analyze the environment where the optical cable is located: obtain the corresponding environmental parameters of the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section, the environmental parameters include electromagnetic interference intensity and chemical corrosion index, and then analyze the environmental impact factors of the environment where the specified communication optical cable is located in each monitoring section; The environmental impact factors of the environment corresponding to each monitoring section of the specified communication optical cable are analyzed, and the specific analysis process is as follows: obtaining standard environmental parameters corresponding to the specified optical cable from the database, the standard environmental parameters including standard electromagnetic interference intensity and standard chemical corrosion index; By calculating the formula Get the environmental impact factor β of the environment in which the specified communication optical cable is located in each monitoring section i , where E i , P i They represent the electromagnetic interference intensity and chemical corrosion index of the specified communication optical cable in the i-th monitoring section, respectively. E′ and P′ represent the standard electromagnetic interference intensity and standard chemical corrosion index, respectively. ι1 and ι2 represent the weight factor corresponding to the set electromagnetic interference intensity and the weight factor corresponding to the chemical corrosion index, respectively. Step 3: Comprehensive fault analysis: according to the comprehensive performance evaluation value corresponding to each monitoring section of the designated communication optical cable and the environmental impact factor of the environment corresponding to each monitoring section of the designated communication optical cable, evaluate whether the designated communication optical cable has abnormal conditions in each monitoring section, and then analyze the abnormal condition handling process of the designated communication optical cable; The specific evaluation process of evaluating whether the designated communication optical cable has an abnormal situation in each monitoring section is as follows: according to the comprehensive performance evaluation value corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section and the environmental impact factor of the environment corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section, the comprehensive fault evaluation coefficient corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section is analyzed, and the comprehensive fault evaluation coefficient includes the values ​​0 and 1. When the comprehensive fault evaluation coefficient corresponding to a certain monitoring section is 0, it indicates that the designated communication optical cable has an abnormal situation in the monitoring section. When the comprehensive fault evaluation coefficient corresponding to a certain monitoring section is 1, it indicates that the designated communication optical cable has no abnormal situation in the monitoring section, thereby evaluating whether the designated communication optical cable has an abnormal situation in each monitoring section; The analysis obtains the comprehensive fault assessment coefficient corresponding to each monitoring section of the specified communication optical cable. The specific analysis process is as follows: Evaluate the expression based on the communication cable fault Get the comprehensive fault assessment coefficient ξ corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section i , where X represents the set comprehensive fault assessment coefficient threshold; Step 4: Predictive maintenance analysis: Obtain historical data corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section from the database. The historical data includes the number of mechanical fatigue cycles, the number of extreme weather events, and the number of man-made damages, so as to analyze the maintenance evaluation index corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section, thereby analyzing whether the specified communication optical cable needs maintenance work in each monitoring section; The analysis specifies the maintenance evaluation index of the communication optical cable corresponding to each monitoring section. The specific analysis process is as follows: Obtain the number of safe mechanical fatigue cycles, the number of safe extreme weather events and the number of safe man-made damages corresponding to the specified communication optical cable from the database; By calculating the formula Get the maintenance evaluation index ψ corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section i , where T i , S i , C i They are respectively represented by the number of mechanical fatigue cycles, the number of extreme weather events, and the number of man-made damages corresponding to the i-th monitoring section. T′, S′, and C′ are respectively represented by the safe number of mechanical fatigue cycles, the safe number of extreme weather events, and the safe number of man-made damages. μ1, μ2, μ3, and μ4 are respectively the weight factors corresponding to the set number of mechanical fatigue cycles, the weight factors corresponding to the number of extreme weather events, the weight factors corresponding to the number of man-made damages, and the weight factors corresponding to the comprehensive fault assessment coefficient. Step 5: Early warning: When an abnormal situation occurs in a certain monitoring section of the designated communication optical cable or when maintenance work is required on the designated communication optical cable in a certain monitoring section, an early warning will be issued.

2. The method for online monitoring of communication optical cables based on GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific collection process of collecting the optical cable performance information corresponding to each monitoring section of the designated communication optical cable is as follows: The performance information of optical cables includes bending loss, dispersion compensation value and optical power loss. The light source and optical power meter will be used for benchmark testing. The optical power of a specified communication optical cable in a monitoring section is recorded in an unbent state. Different radii are applied to the specified communication optical cable in the monitoring section, and the optical power in the bent state is measured. The formula Get the bending loss L corresponding to a specified communication optical cable in a monitoring section db , where P0 and P1 represent the optical power in the unbent state and the optical power in the bent state, respectively, thereby obtaining the bending loss corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section; Use a dispersion tester to measure the designated communication optical cables of each monitoring section, record the dispersion value when no dispersion compensation is performed, use a fiber Bragg grating to apply dispersion compensation, record the dispersion value after compensation, subtract the dispersion value after compensation from the dispersion value before dispersion compensation, and then obtain the dispersion compensation value corresponding to the designated communication optical cables of each monitoring section; An optical power meter is used to measure at the beginning and end of each monitoring section to obtain the optical power at the beginning and end of each monitoring section, that is, the input optical power and output optical power corresponding to each monitoring section. The input optical power of each monitoring section is subtracted from the output optical power to obtain the optical power difference corresponding to each monitoring section. The optical power difference corresponding to each monitoring section is divided by the specified communication optical cable length corresponding to each monitoring section to obtain the optical power loss corresponding to each monitoring section.

3. A GIS-based communication optical cable online monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific acquisition process of obtaining the environmental parameters corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section is as follows: The environmental parameters include electromagnetic interference intensity and chemical corrosion index. At each data collection point set on the specified communication optical cable, the electromagnetic interference intensity corresponding to each data collection point in each monitoring section is detected by the electromagnetic interference detector. The result obtained by average calculation is the electromagnetic interference intensity corresponding to each monitoring section. Soil samples are collected at each data collection point, and the concentration of each soil chemical substance contained in each soil sample is measured by an environmental corrosion monitoring instrument. The concentration of each chemical gas corresponding to each data collection point is measured at each data collection point by an environmental corrosion monitoring instrument. The concentration of each soil chemical substance and the concentration of each chemical gas are recorded as the concentration of each chemical substance, and the chemical corrosion index corresponding to each monitoring section is calculated.

4. A method for online monitoring of communication optical cables based on GIS according to claim 3, characterized in that: The analysis specifies the abnormal situation handling process of the communication optical cable, and the specific analysis process is as follows: When an abnormality occurs in a certain monitoring section of a designated communication optical cable, the specific location of the abnormality in the monitoring section is obtained through the GIS system, and the positioning information provided by the GIS system is sent to the nearest maintenance point to dispatch a maintenance team for maintenance work; When an abnormal situation occurs in a certain monitoring section of a designated communication optical cable, the maintenance requirement assessment index corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in the monitoring section is analyzed according to the comprehensive fault assessment coefficient corresponding to the monitoring section and combined with the historical data corresponding to the monitoring section. The maintenance requirement assessment index corresponding to the designated communication optical cable in each monitoring section is thus analyzed.

5. A method for online monitoring of communication optical cables based on GIS according to claim 4, characterized in that: The analysis specifies whether maintenance work is required for the communication optical cable in each monitoring section. The specific analysis process is as follows: The maintenance requirement assessment index corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in each monitoring section is compared with the set maintenance requirement assessment index threshold. If the maintenance requirement assessment index corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in a certain monitoring section is greater than or equal to the set maintenance requirement assessment index threshold, it means that the specified communication optical cable needs maintenance work in the monitoring section. If the maintenance requirement assessment index corresponding to the specified communication optical cable in a certain monitoring section is less than the set maintenance requirement assessment index threshold, it means that the specified communication optical cable does not need maintenance work in the monitoring section. This analyzes whether the specified communication optical cable needs maintenance work in each monitoring section.

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