A method for breeding hermetia illucens

Abstract

The present application relates to black soldier fly breeding, especially a black soldier fly breeding method; a plurality of portions of soil at a breeding site and a plurality of portions of sterile manure are randomly taken, an equal amount of sterile manure is added to each portion of soil, and stirring is performed to obtain a mixture; qualitative analysis is performed on the mixture to determine whether the mixture contains protease and lipase, and if so, the mixture is retained, and if not, the mixture is discarded; the retained mixture is inoculation slurry; each inoculation slurry is mixed with corresponding sterile manure at a weight ratio of 1:90, and fermentation is performed for 10 days to obtain pre-prepared feed; black soldier fly larvae are inoculated into each pre-prepared feed, and cultivation is performed for 10 days; the optimal pre-prepared feed is comprehensively evaluated according to three indexes of the survival number of black soldier fly larvae, the weight of the larvae, and crude protein, and the corresponding inoculation slurry of the optimal pre-prepared feed is used as fermentation bacteria for amplification; indigenous bacteria in the soil at the breeding site are selected and bred to construct fermentation bacteria, and fermentation bacteria with the functions of decomposing protein and fat are obtained through screening as the final production bacteria, so that the risk of black soldier fly breeding is reduced, and the quality of black soldier fly products is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to black soldier fly breeding, in particular to a black soldier fly breeding method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The black soldier fly breeding generally uses kitchen garbage, poultry manure and the like as feed. In the case of using poultry manure as feed, there are defects: the manure is directly used for breeding after being crushed, the black soldier fly larvae have weak digestion capacity for active proteins, fats and other organic matters, and the feed cannot be fully utilized; in addition, the manure is easy to breed bacteria, and the types of bacterial flora are uncontrollable, which causes great risk to the survival and reproduction of the black soldier fly. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present application provides a black soldier fly breeding method.

[0004] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0005] A black soldier fly breeding method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: sterilizing the manure by heating to obtain sterile manure;

[0007] Step 2: randomly taking multiple portions of soil at the breeding site and multiple portions of sterile manure, adding an equal amount of sterile manure to each portion of soil, and stirring to obtain a mixture;

[0008] Step 3: adjusting the water content of the mixture to 50% (±10%), adjusting the pH to 7-8, and fermenting for 5 days; sampling and qualitatively analyzing each portion of the mixture to determine whether it contains protease and lipase; if yes, retaining it; if no, discarding it; repeating the analysis every 5 days for a total of 3 times; the mixture that remains after the analysis is inoculum slurry; it is necessary to adjust the water content, because too high water content will result in insufficient internal air, making it difficult for most bacteria to effectively ferment; the qualitative analysis of enzymes can save a lot of time and cost compared with the complicated quantitative analysis;

[0009] Step 4: stirring and mixing each inoculum slurry with corresponding sterile manure according to a weight ratio of 1:90, and fermenting for 10 days to obtain pre-prepared feed;

[0010] Step 5: inoculating black soldier fly larvae into each pre-prepared feed according to an inoculation amount of 1000 individuals / L, and cultivating for 10 days;

[0011] Step 6: comprehensively evaluating the optimal pre-prepared feed according to three indexes of the survival number of black soldier fly larvae, the weight of the larvae and crude protein, and using the corresponding inoculum slurry of the optimal pre-prepared feed as fermentation strain for amplification;

[0012] Step 7: inoculating fermentation strain into sterile manure, inoculating black soldier fly larvae into the fermented manure at an amount of 1000 individuals / L for cultivation until the black soldier fly reaches the delivery standard.

[0013] Further, the feces are chicken feces, wherein the ash content is ≥20% and the water content is ≥55%.

[0014] Further, the heating sterilization method is: 2L / L of 120℃ steam is introduced into the feces, 1 time per 8s, for a total of 8 times. A pulse heating method is adopted to avoid excessive heating, which leads to an increase in the viscosity of the feces and affects subsequent mixing and fermentation. It is found through experiments that the viscosity of the feces obtained by the pulse heating method is slightly smaller than that obtained by traditional boiling heating.

[0015] Further, the soil in step 2 is passed through a 60-mesh sieve before being added to the sterile feces. Screening can remove hard stones and other impurities.

[0016] Further, the stirring speed in step 2 is 500-1000r / min, and the stirring time is 25min. The mixing of feces and soil can easily produce clumping, so it is necessary to stir for a long time at a high stirring speed to break up the clumps.

[0017] Further, the method for adjusting the water content of the mixture is: heating the mixture to 45-55℃ until the water content is 50%. Too high a temperature can easily cause a significant increase in the viscosity of the feces.

[0018] Further, the stirring speed in step 4 is 30-60r / min, and the stirring time is 2-3h. Very gentle stirring is used to avoid damaging the bacterial strains.

[0019] Further, the cultivation method is: air temperature 30-35℃, relative humidity 70-75%, ventilation amount 50-90mL / s, and turning over every 20min.

[0020] Further, the expansion method is: the inoculated slurry is added to beef extract peptone culture medium at a weight ratio of 1:200, the air temperature is 30-35℃, the relative humidity is 70-75%, the ventilation amount is 50-90mL / s, and the expansion is ended when the bacterial activity is ≥100000CFU / g.

[0021] Further, the inoculation method of the fermentation bacterial strain in step 7 is: the fermentation bacterial strain is mixed with sterile feces at a weight ratio of 1:1000. The activity of the expanded fermentation bacterial strain is very strong, and multiple inoculations are not required.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present application are: first, the original pathogenic bacteria in the feces are killed by heating to avoid the pathogenic bacteria becoming the dominant community in subsequent cultivation; second, the indigenous bacteria in the soil of the breeding site are selected to construct the fermentation strains, and the indigenous bacteria have stable architecture and strong adaptability to local climate and water source. The fermentation strains with the functions of decomposing protein and fat are obtained through screening as the final production strains, which reduces the breeding risk of black soldier fly and improves the product quality of black soldier fly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be further described in combination with specific embodiments:

[0024] EMBODIMENT

[0025] Step 1, sterilize the feces by heating to obtain sterile feces; the feces in this embodiment are chicken manure (from a poultry farm), wherein the ash content is ≥20%, and the water content is ≥55%; the method of heating sterilization is: 2L / L of 120℃ steam is introduced into the feces, 1 time per 8s, a total of 8 times.

[0026] Step 2, randomly take 29 portions of soil (numbered 1-29# respectively, each portion is passed through a 60-mesh sieve) and 29 portions of sterile feces from the breeding site (in this embodiment, it is the Aotou Town of Conghua District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province), and add an equal amount of sterile feces to each portion of soil to obtain a mixture; the stirring speed is 500-1000r / min, and the stirring time is 25min.

[0027] Step 3, heat the mixture at 45-55℃ until the water content is 50%(±10%), adjust the pH to 7-8, and ferment for 5d; sample each portion of the mixture to qualitatively analyze whether it contains protease and lipase, and if so, retain it, otherwise discard it; repeat the analysis every 5d, a total of 3 times, and the mixtures retained after the analysis are the inoculum slurries. In this embodiment, the mixtures numbered 5#, 11# and 12# are retained after 3 times of analysis.

[0028] Step 4, mix the inoculum slurries 5#, 11# and 12# with the corresponding sterile feces according to the weight ratio of 1:90, and stir at a speed of 30-60r / min for 2-3h; then ferment for 10d to obtain 5#, 11# and 12# pre-prepared feeds.

[0029] Step 5, inoculate black soldier fly larvae into 5#, 11# and 12# pre-prepared feeds according to an inoculation amount of 1000 individuals / L, and cultivate for 10d; the cultivation method is: air temperature 30-35℃, relative humidity 70-75%, aeration amount 50-90mL / s, and turning over every 20min.

[0030] Step 6, the optimal pre-prepared feed is determined by comprehensively evaluating the survival number of black soldier fly larvae, the weight of the larvae, and the crude protein.

[0031] 5#, 11# and 12# pre-prepared feed obtained worm index as shown in Table 1;

[0032] Table 1 worm index statistics

[0033] Worm number 5# 11# 12# Survival number 789 799 756 Worm weight 1.22 1.37 1.15 Crude protein 32.5 32.7 30.1

[0034] From Table 1, the worm index obtained by the pre-prepared feed numbered 11# is optimal, so the mixture 11# is selected as the fermentation strain in the subsequent.

[0035] The fermentation strain is amplified; the amplification method is that the inoculation slurry is added into beef extract peptone culture medium according to the weight ratio of 1:200, the air temperature is 30-35℃, the relative humidity is 70-75%, the ventilation volume is 50-90 mL / s, and the amplification is ended when the bacterial activity is greater than or equal to 100000 CFU / g.

[0036] In step 7, the sterile feces is inoculated with the fermentation strain, and after 10 days of fermentation, the black soldier fly larvae are inoculated at 1000 pieces / L for cultivation until the black soldier fly reaches the shipment standard (pre-pupa appears). The inoculation method of the fermentation strain in step 7 is that the fermentation strain and the sterile feces are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:1000.

[0037] Comparative Example 1

[0038] Fresh feces is inoculated with black soldier fly larvae at 1000 pieces / L for cultivation.

[0039] Comparative Example 2

[0040] The feces is sterilized at high temperature, and then black soldier fly larvae are inoculated at 1000 pieces / L for cultivation.

[0041] Comparative Example 3

[0042] Fresh feces is inoculated with the fermentation strain, and after 10 days of fermentation, the black soldier fly larvae are inoculated at 1000 pieces / L for cultivation.

[0043] Comparative Experiment

[0044] The larvae reaching the shipment standard in the examples and comparative examples 1-3 are determined for the worm weight and crude protein. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0045] Table 2 worm index statistics

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] As shown in Table 2, the breeding method provided by the present application can effectively improve the single weight of the worm and the protein content of the worm, thereby improving the product quality.

[0049] The foregoing embodiments and description of the application only illustrate the principle and the best mode of the application, and various changes and modifications can be made to the application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, and all these changes and modifications fall within the scope of the application.

Claims

1. A method for breeding black soldier fly, characterized by, It comprises the following steps: Step 1, sterilize the feces by heating to obtain sterile feces; Step 2, randomly take multiple portions of soil at the breeding site and multiple portions of sterile feces, add the same amount of sterile feces to each portion of soil, and stir to obtain a mixture; Step 3, adjust the water content of the mixture to 50%, adjust the pH to 7-8, and ferment for 5 days; sample each portion of the mixture to qualitatively analyze whether it contains protease and lipase; if it does, retain it; if not, discard it; repeat the analysis every 5 days for a total of 3 times; the remaining mixture is the inoculum slurry; adjusting the water content is necessary because too high water content will result in a lack of internal air, making it difficult for most bacteria to effectively ferment; qualitative analysis of enzymes can be performed on site using test paper, which can save a lot of time and cost compared to the complex quantitative analysis; Step 4, mix each inoculum slurry with the corresponding sterile feces at a weight ratio of 1:90, and ferment for 10 days to obtain pre-prepared feed; Step 5, inoculate each pre-prepared feed with black soldier fly larvae at an inoculation amount of 1000 per L, and cultivate for 10 days; Step 6, evaluate the optimal pre-prepared feed based on the survival number, weight, and crude protein of the black soldier fly larvae, and use the corresponding inoculum slurry as the fermentation strain for amplification; Step 7, inoculate the sterile feces with the fermentation strain, and after 10 days of fermentation, inoculate black soldier fly larvae at a rate of 1000 per L for cultivation until the black soldier fly reaches the shipment standard.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: The feces are chicken feces, which contain ≥20% ash content and ≥55% water content.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein: The method of heating sterilization is to pass 2L / L of 120℃ steam into the feces, with 1 pass every 8 seconds, for a total of 8 passes.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein: The soil in step 2 must pass through a 60-mesh sieve before adding sterile feces.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein: The stirring speed in step 2 is 500-1000r / min, and the stirring time is 25 minutes.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein: The method of adjusting the water content of the mixture is to heat the mixture to 45-55℃ until the water content is 50%.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein: The stirring speed in step 4 is 30-60r / min, and the stirring time is 2-3 hours.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein: The cultivation method is: air temperature 30-35℃, relative humidity 70-75%, aeration rate 50-90mL / s, and turning over every 20 minutes.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein: The amplification method is: add the inoculum slurry to beef extract peptone medium at a weight ratio of 1:200, with an air temperature of 30-35℃, a relative humidity of 70-75%, and an aeration rate of 50-90mL / s; when the bacterial activity is ≥100000 CFU / g, stop amplification.

10. The black soldier fly farming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of inoculating the fermentation strain in step 7 is to mix the fermentation strain with sterile feces at a weight ratio of 1:1000.

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