Anti-counterfeiting elements

Abstract

The present invention provides an anti-counterfeiting element. The anti-counterfeiting element includes: a substrate; a plurality of reflective curved mirrors; at least some of the reflective curved mirrors are provided with independent micro-graphic structures, and the micro-graphic structures are divided into multiple micro-graphic areas from the center to the edge of the substrate, with the period of the reflective curved mirror as a unit. The duty cycle of the micro-graphic area located at the center of the substrate is greater than the duty cycle of the micro-graphic area located at the edge of the substrate; after the reflective curved mirror samples and synthesizes the micro-graphic structures with a coupling effect, it is displayed as a three-dimensional pattern with depth of field; the minimum unit radian on each reflective curved mirror with a micro-graphic structure corresponds to a projection angle, so that when viewed from a certain angle, only the side of the three-dimensional pattern can be seen. The present invention solves the problem of poor human eye observation of anti-counterfeiting elements in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical anti-counterfeiting, and in particular to an anti-counterfeiting element. Background Art

[0002] Due to their unique visual effects and easy identification, anti-counterfeiting elements are widely used in high-security products such as banknotes, credit cards, passports, securities, and other high-value-added products.

[0003] In the prior art, CN200480040733 and CN200680026431 disclose anti-counterfeiting elements with a microlens array and a micrographic array on each surface of a substrate. The micrographic array is located near the focal plane of the microlens array, and the moiré magnification effect of the microlens array on the micrographic array is used to reproduce patterns with a certain depth of field or a dynamic effect. CN111615648A discloses a situation where the micrographic array and the microlens array are located on the same side of the substrate. This structural design effectively avoids the alignment issues that exist in the engineering process of microlens technology and can achieve strict alignment requirements for the microlens array and micrographic array.

[0004] The aforementioned prior art patents effectively address the alignment issues encountered during the engineering production of microlenses. However, they fail to clearly develop the integrated design of microlenses and micrographics. They merely describe a depth of field effect, such as floating or sinking, or a three-dimensional pattern with a certain viewing angle. This depth of field effect fails to incorporate the strict alignment advantages of reflective curved mirrors to create an optical effect with a continuous depth of field that is astonishing to the human eye.

[0005] That is to say, the anti-counterfeiting elements in the prior art have the problem of poor observation effect by the human eye. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-counterfeiting element to solve the problem that the anti-counterfeiting element in the prior art has poor observation effect of the human eye.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an anti-counterfeiting element, comprising: a substrate; a reflective curved mirror, wherein the reflective curved mirrors are multiple and arranged in an array on one side surface of the substrate; a micro-graphic structure, wherein at least part of the reflective curved mirror is provided with an independent micro-graphic structure, and from the center position to the edge position of the substrate, the micro-graphic structure is divided into multiple micro-graphic areas with a period of the reflective curved mirror as a unit, and the duty ratio of the micro-graphic area located at the center position of the substrate is greater than the duty ratio of the micro-graphic area located at the edge position of the substrate; after the reflective curved mirror samples and synthesizes the micro-graphic structure with a coupling effect therewith, it is displayed as a three-dimensional pattern with depth of field, and the three-dimensional pattern is at least partially suspended on the side of the reflective curved mirror away from the substrate; the minimum unit radian on each reflective curved mirror with the micro-graphic structure corresponds to a projection angle, so that when viewed at an angle on the side of the reflective curved mirror away from the substrate, only the side of the three-dimensional pattern can be seen.

[0008] Furthermore, the micro-graphic structures are arranged in a periodic array to display a three-dimensional pattern with different depths of field; or the micro-graphic structures are arranged in a non-periodic array to display a three-dimensional pattern with a continuous depth of field.

[0009] Furthermore, the duty ratio of the plurality of micro-image and text areas gradually decreases from the center position to the edge position of the substrate.

[0010] Furthermore, the micro-image structure is a micro-image groove, and at least part of the micro-image grooves in a reflective curved mirror passes through the top surface and the bottom surface of the reflective curved mirror.

[0011] Furthermore, the density of the micro-image grooves on the multiple reflective curved mirrors gradually decreases from the center position to the edge position of the substrate.

[0012] Furthermore, when the duty cycle of the micro-image area is at a maximum value, the projection area of ​​the 3D pattern displayed in the micro-image area on the substrate is the smallest, and the 3D pattern is displayed upright on the side of the reflective curved mirror away from the substrate.

[0013] Furthermore, when viewed at certain angles on the side of the substrate having the reflective curved mirror, a side view of the upright three-dimensional pattern can be seen.

[0014] Furthermore, the multiple micro-image and text areas include a first micro-image and text area, a second micro-image and text area and a third micro-image and text area in sequence from the center position to the edge position of the substrate, and the duty ratio of the first micro-image and text area gradually decreases to the duty ratio of the third micro-image and text area.

[0015] Furthermore, the first micro-image and text area includes at least one group of reflective curved mirrors with a micro-image and text structure, and the first micro-image and text area presents a side view of a three-dimensional pattern when standing upright at a corresponding angle.

[0016] Furthermore, the second micro-image area includes at least two groups of reflective curved mirrors with micro-image structures, the duty cycles of the two groups are the same, and the two groups of reflective curved mirrors with micro-image structures are arranged between the first micro-image area, and the projection area of ​​the three-dimensional pattern displayed in the second micro-image area on the substrate is larger than the projection area of ​​the three-dimensional pattern displayed in the first micro-image area on the substrate.

[0017] Furthermore, the third micro-image area includes at least two groups of reflective curved mirrors with micro-image structures, and the duty cycles of the two groups are the same.

[0018] Furthermore, the multiple reflective curved mirrors are all convex mirrors or all concave mirrors.

[0019] Furthermore, at least some of the multiple reflective curved mirrors are arranged in a periodic array.

[0020] Furthermore, the anti-counterfeiting element further includes a reflective layer, which is provided on a surface of the reflective curved mirror that is away from the substrate.

[0021] Furthermore, the reflective layer includes: a single-layer metal coating; a multi-layer metal coating; a coating formed by an absorption layer, a low-refractive index medium layer and a reflective film layer; a high-refractive index medium layer coating; a multi-dielectric layer coating formed by stacking a first high-refractive index medium layer, a low-refractive index medium layer and a second high-refractive index medium layer in sequence; a coating formed by stacking an absorption layer, a high-refractive index medium layer and a reflective film layer in sequence; or one or more of the above.

[0022] Furthermore, the anti-counterfeiting element also includes a microstructure, which is arranged in the micro-image groove, and the microstructure includes one of a one-dimensional submicron structure, a two-dimensional submicron structure and an interference-type structural color.

[0023] Furthermore, the anti-counterfeiting element also includes a first color functional layer and a second color functional layer, the first color functional layer is arranged in the micro-image groove, and the second color functional layer is arranged on the surface of the reflective curved mirror, the first color functional layer includes one of a single layer coating, a multi-layer coating, ink, pigment, and dye; and / or the second color functional layer includes one of a single layer coating, a multi-layer coating, ink, pigment, and dye.

[0024] According to the technical solution of the present invention, the anti-counterfeiting element includes a substrate, a reflective curved mirror, and a micro-image structure. There are multiple reflective curved mirrors, and the multiple reflective curved mirrors are arranged in an array on one side surface of the substrate; at least part of the reflective curved mirrors is provided with an independent micro-image structure, and the micro-image structure is divided into multiple micro-image areas from the center position to the edge position of the substrate with the period of the reflective curved mirror as a unit, and the duty ratio of the micro-image area located at the center position of the substrate is greater than the duty ratio of the micro-image area located at the edge position of the substrate; after the reflective curved mirror samples and synthesizes the micro-image structure with a coupling effect with it, it is displayed as a three-dimensional pattern with depth of field, and the three-dimensional pattern is at least partially suspended on the side of the reflective curved mirror away from the substrate; the minimum unit radian on each reflective curved mirror with a micro-image structure corresponds to a projection angle, so that when viewed at an angle on the side of the reflective curved mirror away from the substrate, only the side of the three-dimensional pattern can be seen.

[0025] By arranging the reflective curved mirror and the micro-graphic structure on one side of the substrate, such an arrangement enables the reflective curved mirror and the micro-graphic structure of the present application to ensure that the optical effect has a continuous depth of field feature without the need for alignment, which is conducive to ensuring the display effect. And the micro-graphic structures on at least part of the reflective curved mirror are independently arranged, that is, at least part of the reflective curved mirror has a complete micro-graphic structure, so that the reflective curved mirror with an independent and complete micro-graphic structure can display a complete pattern with depth of field. By planning that the duty cycle of the micro-graphic area located at the center of the substrate is greater than the duty cycle of the micro-graphic area located at the edge of the substrate, the reflective curved mirror samples and synthesizes the micro-graphic structure with a coupling effect, and displays a three-dimensional pattern with depth of field, and the three-dimensional pattern is at least partially suspended on the side of the reflective curved mirror away from the substrate, so as to achieve an optical effect with a depth of field change that shocks the human eye; the minimum unit radian on each reflective curved mirror with a micro-graphic structure corresponds to a projection angle, so that when viewed at an angle on the side of the reflective curved mirror away from the substrate, only the side of the three-dimensional pattern can be seen. The anti-counterfeiting element of the present application combines the advantages of the reflective curved mirror and the micro-graphic structure being arranged on the same side of the substrate, designs a unique micro-graphic structure duty cycle, and forms a three-dimensional pattern with depth of field, which greatly reduces the difficulty of recognition by the human eye. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 shows a schematic display diagram of an anti-counterfeiting element according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Shown Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-counterfeiting element;

[0029] Figure 3 Shown Figure 1 A top view of the security element in FIG.

[0030] Figure 4 Showing a design diagram of different micro-image and text areas of an anti-counterfeiting element according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing a multi-frame image generated by designing a three-dimensional pattern displayed by the anti-counterfeiting element of the present invention using an original image of a three-dimensional object;

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing a multi-frame image of a three-dimensional pattern displayed by the anti-counterfeiting element of the present invention designed and generated by using a projection image of a three-dimensional object.

[0033] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0034] 10. Anti-counterfeiting element; 11. Substrate; 12. Reflective curved mirror; 13. Micro-graphic structure; 14. Reflective layer; 15. First micro-graphic area; 16. Second micro-graphic area; 17. Third micro-graphic area; 20. Human eye. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0036] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by ordinary technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs.

[0037] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the directional words used, such as "up, down, top, bottom", usually refer to the directions shown in the drawings, or to the components themselves in the vertical, perpendicular or gravity direction; similarly, for ease of understanding and description, "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself, but the above directional words are not used to limit the present invention.

[0038] In order to solve the problem of poor human eye observation effect of the anti-counterfeiting element in the prior art, the present invention provides an anti-counterfeiting element.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, the anti-counterfeiting element 10 includes a substrate 11, a reflective curved mirror 12, and a micro-image structure 13. There are multiple reflective curved mirrors 12, and the multiple reflective curved mirrors 12 are arranged in an array on one side surface of the substrate 11; at least part of the reflective curved mirrors 12 are provided with independent micro-image structures 13, and from the center position to the edge position of the substrate 11, the micro-image structure 13 is divided into multiple micro-image areas with a period of the reflective curved mirror 12 as a unit, and the duty ratio of the micro-image area located at the center position of the substrate 11 is greater than the duty ratio of the micro-image area located at the edge position of the substrate 11; after the reflective curved mirror 12 samples and synthesizes the micro-image structure 13 with a coupling effect therewith, it is displayed as a three-dimensional pattern with depth of field, and the three-dimensional pattern is at least partially suspended on the side of the reflective curved mirror 12 away from the substrate 11; the minimum unit radian on each reflective curved mirror 12 with the micro-image structure 13 corresponds to a projection angle, so that when viewed at an angle on the side of the reflective curved mirror 12 away from the substrate 11, only the side of the three-dimensional pattern can be seen.

[0040] By arranging the reflective curved mirror 12 and the micro-graphic structure 13 on one side of the substrate 11, this arrangement ensures that the reflective curved mirror 12 and the micro-graphic structure 13 of the present application can maintain a continuous depth of field optical effect without the need for alignment, which is beneficial for ensuring the display effect. Furthermore, the micro-graphic structure 13 on at least some of the reflective curved mirrors 12 is independently arranged, that is, at least some of the reflective curved mirrors 12 have a complete micro-graphic structure 13, so that the reflective curved mirrors 12 with independent and complete micro-graphic structures 13 can each display a complete pattern with depth of field. By planning the duty cycle of the micro-graphic area located at the center of the substrate 11 to be greater than the duty cycle of the micro-graphic area located at the edge of the substrate 11, the reflective curved mirror 12 samples and synthesizes the micro-graphic structure 13 with which it has a coupling effect, thereby displaying a three-dimensional pattern with depth of field. The three-dimensional pattern is at least partially suspended on the side of the reflective curved mirror 12 away from the substrate 11, thereby achieving an optical effect of depth of field change that shocks the human eye 20. The minimum unit arc on each reflective curved mirror 12 with a micro-graphic structure 13 corresponds to a projection angle, so that when viewed at an angle on the side of the reflective curved mirror 12 away from the substrate 11, only the side of the three-dimensional pattern can be seen. The anti-counterfeiting element 10 of the present application combines the advantages of the reflective curved mirror 12 and the micro-graphic structure 13 being arranged on the same side of the substrate 11, and designs a unique duty cycle of the micro-graphic structure 13, forming a three-dimensional pattern with depth of field, which greatly reduces the difficulty of recognition by the human eye 20.

[0041] It should be noted that each of the reflective curved mirrors 12 having an independent micro-graphic structure 13 can form a micro-graphic area. In a specific embodiment of the present application, a micro-graphic area may include a group of reflective curved mirrors 12 having a micro-graphic structure 13 or two groups of reflective curved mirrors 12 having a micro-graphic structure 13. It should also be noted that the present application displays a three-dimensional pattern suspended above the substrate 11, and the three-dimensional pattern displayed by at least one group of reflective curved mirrors 12 having a micro-graphic structure 13 is displayed perpendicular to the surface of the substrate 11. In addition, the three-dimensional patterns displayed in the present application are not parallel to the surface of the substrate 11, so as to distinguish them from the display effects of the prior art.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the direction perpendicular to the surface of the substrate 11 is the Z-axis direction, and the duty ratios of the multiple micro-image areas gradually decrease from the center position to the edge position of the substrate 11 in the X-axis direction.

[0043] Specifically, the micro-graphic structure 13 is a micro-graphic groove. At least some of the micro-graphic grooves in a reflective curved mirror 12 extend through the top and bottom surfaces of the reflective curved mirror 12. The density of the micro-graphic grooves on the multiple reflective curved mirrors 12 gradually decreases from the center to the edge of the substrate 11. Micro-graphic areas with different duty cycles project different 3D patterns.

[0044] It should be noted that a stereoscopic image animation of an object can be decomposed into multiple frames. These frames are rearranged according to the periodic parameters of the reflective curved mirror 12 to precisely control the true side view of the stereoscopic object seen by the left and right eyes. During the rearrangement of the multiple frames, the images can be arranged from left to right or from right to left. Both arrangements can produce binocular parallax. When the images are arranged from right to left, the actual image seen by the right eye is to the left of the image seen by the left eye. When the human brain synthesizes the image, the actual convergence position of the left and right images is above the actual position. The human eye 20 then sees a "floating" image, giving the human brain the illusion of protrusion. Conversely, the opposite arrangement gives the human brain the illusion of sinking. This illusion creates a depth of field effect, and the spatial distance between the left and right frames entering the human eye 20 determines the depth of field. That is to say, the present application decomposes a three-dimensional object into multiple frames of three-dimensional patterns from different viewing angles. A set of reflective curved mirrors 12 with micro-graphic structures 13 can display a frame of three-dimensional patterns. The frame of image is broken up by a computer program and then set in the reflective curved mirror 12 in the form of a micro-graphic structure 13.

[0045] In addition, the reflective curved mirror 12 samples the micro-graphic structures 13, ultimately forming sampled composite images. These sampled composite images are macroscopic composite images that can be directly observed by the human eye 20. Preferably, the multiple reflective curved mirrors 12 are all hemispherical, and the multiple reflective curved mirrors 12 are all convex or concave. Each reflective curved mirror 12 is considered a sub-region, and the micro-graphic structures 13 sampled by the reflective curved mirror 12 are arranged in each sub-region. Preferably, a periodic micro-graphic structure 13 is used. The density of the micro-graphic structures 13 within the sub-region depends on the period of the micro-graphic structure 13. After the use of the periodic reflective curved mirror 12, the greater the tendency of floating or sinking, the greater the depth of field tendency of the displayed image. Preferably, two design drawings are arranged using two different periods, and after sampling, two three-dimensional patterns with different depths of field are obtained. Therefore, the different depths of field effects formed by the periodic micro-graphic structure 13 are discontinuous. When using a non-periodic micro-graphic structure 13, the micro-graphic structure 13 within each sub-region does not have a fixed period. Here, "duty cycle" is used to represent the density of the micro-graphic grooves. A greater duty cycle of the micro-graphic grooves distributed within the reflective curved mirror 12 results in a greater density of micro-graphic grooves, analogous to a situation where the period of the reflective curved mirror 12 is close to that of the micro-graphic structure 13. Conversely, a smaller duty cycle results in a smaller density of micro-graphic grooves and a sparser arrangement, analogous to a situation where the period of the reflective curved mirror 12 is far from that of the micro-graphic structure 13. For example, when displaying a "floating" 3D pattern, a greater period of the micro-graphic structure 13 results in a greater depth of field.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, when the duty cycle of the micro-image area is the maximum, the projection area of ​​the 3D pattern displayed in the micro-image area on the substrate 11 is the smallest, and the 3D pattern is vertically displayed on the side of the reflective curved mirror 12 away from the substrate 11. Figure 1 The micro-image grooves in the micro-image area at the center of the substrate 11 have the largest duty cycle. At this time, when the human eye 20 looks at the side of the reflective curved mirror 12 away from the substrate 11 and at an angle corresponding to the micro-image area, it can see a schematic diagram of the top surface of the three-dimensional pattern set upright on the surface of the substrate 11. Because the three-dimensional pattern is set perpendicular to the substrate 11, the projected area of ​​the three-dimensional pattern on the substrate 11 is the smallest. Figure 1 As shown, the side of the three-dimensional pattern is shown in the figure, and the state of the three-dimensional pattern shown in the figure can be any angle of the three-dimensional pattern.

[0047] like Figure 1As shown, a side view of the upright three-dimensional pattern can be seen at most angles on the side of the substrate 11 having the reflective curved mirror 12, and a three-dimensional pattern inclined toward the surface close to the base can only be seen at a small portion of the angles on the side of the substrate 11 having the reflective curved mirror 12.

[0048] exist Figure 1 The three-dimensional patterns are shown in the figure at three angles on the side of the substrate 11 with the reflective curved mirror 12. As can be seen from the figure, the three-dimensional patterns are all set upright above the substrate 11. The middle three-dimensional pattern is perpendicular to the surface of the substrate 11, and the three-dimensional patterns on both sides are tilted outward relative to the middle three-dimensional pattern. The three-dimensional patterns shown are the front and back of the object. Figure 1 The three-dimensional pattern "5" shown in the figure has the three-dimensional pattern on the far left as the front and the three-dimensional pattern on the right as the back. The "display" here means Figure 1 and Figure 2 The direction of display is not the direction of actual observation by the human eye 20. The displayed three-dimensional pattern is the front and back of the object. That is, when the anti-counterfeiting element 10 is tilted left and right, the front and side of an object can be seen.

[0049] Specifically, at least some of the multiple reflective curved mirrors 12 are arranged in a periodic array, that is, the multiple reflective curved mirrors 12 can be arranged in a periodic array, or only some of the multiple reflective curved mirrors 12 are arranged in a periodic array, and the micro-graphic structures 13 in each reflective curved mirror 12 are arranged in a periodic or aperiodic array. Alternatively, the multiple reflective curved mirrors 12 are arranged in a non-periodic array or a random array.

[0050] It should be noted that a general design method of the micro-graphic structure 13 is required to generate any animation effect. The method includes the following three steps:

[0051] Step 1: Determine the macroscopic magnification image seen at each observation angle θ and are the inclination angles of the sample rotating along the y-axis and the x-axis respectively, i and j are the serial numbers of the animation frames of the sample rotating along the y-axis and the x-axis respectively, and the range of i and j is 1, 2, 3...M. That is, M frames are taken in the x and y directions respectively, and the total number of frames is M*M frames;

[0052] Step 2: Magnify each macro image Pixelate the macro image according to its actual size and the size of the micro-sampling tool, with each pixel corresponding to a micro-sampling tool. For example, if the macro image is a square with a side length of L and the spacing of the micro-sampling tools is p, then the number of micro-sampling tools included in the length of L is N = L / p. Scaling to N*N pixels allows each pixel to correspond to a micro-sampling tool;

[0053] Step 3: Project each pixel onto the micro-image area corresponding to the micro-sampling tool according to the observation angle. After traversing all macro images and all micro-sampling tools, the design of the micro-image array is completed.

[0054] The plurality of reflective curved surfaces are arranged in a periodic array or a non-periodic array. Since the function of the reflective curved mirror 12 is to reflect light into the human eye 20, its shape is smooth and continuous, and is preferably a convex mirror or a concave mirror.

[0055] It should be noted that the degree of spatial overlap between the micro-graphic structure 13 and the reflective curved mirror 12, that is, the depth of the micro-graphic structure 13 on the reflective curved mirror 12, will change the grayscale of the dark image. However, in practical applications, the micro-graphic structure 13 should overlap the surface of the reflective curved mirror 12 as seamlessly as possible. Preferably, the depth of the micro-graphic structure 13 is less than 1 micron. After the surface of the reflective curved mirror 12 is coated with a metal coating, the clarity of the macro-composite image is improved.

[0056] Preferably, the arrangement period of the plurality of reflective curved mirrors 12 is 5 microns to 200 microns, and in the specific embodiment of the present application, 25 microns is used. Preferably, the width of the micro-image groove is 0.2 microns to 100 microns, and in the specific embodiment of the present application, the width of the micro-image groove is 2 microns.

[0057] Through the above technical solution, the present invention designs the duty cycle of the micro-graphic structure 13 in the reflective curved mirror 12 so that it gradually decreases from the center to the edge, thereby achieving a three-dimensional pattern with depth of field. This three-dimensional pattern is more three-dimensional, more intuitive, and more representative of 3D.

[0058] Specifically, the anti-counterfeiting element 10 further includes a reflective layer 14, which is disposed on a surface of the reflective curved mirror 12 away from the substrate 11. The reflective layer 14 may include one or more of the following: a single-layer metal coating; a multi-layer metal coating; a coating formed by an absorption layer, a low-refractive-index dielectric layer, and a reflective film layer; a high-refractive-index dielectric layer coating; a multi-layer dielectric layer formed by sequentially stacking a first high-refractive-index dielectric layer, a low-refractive-index dielectric layer, and a second high-refractive-index dielectric layer; or a coating formed by sequentially stacking an absorption layer, a high-refractive-index dielectric layer, and a reflective film layer.

[0059] In the specific embodiment of the present application, the micro-graphic structure 13 is a micro-graphic groove. However, in embodiments not shown in this application, the micro-graphic structure 13 can be a flat surface or a raised surface. Of course, the micro-graphic structure 13 can also have a structure with small-scale microstructures, so that the micro-graphic structure 13 and the reflective curved mirror 12 produce different intensities of light reflection.

[0060] Specifically, the anti-counterfeiting element 10 further includes a small-sized microstructure, which is arranged in the micro-image groove. The microstructure includes one of a one-dimensional submicron structure, a two-dimensional submicron structure and an interference-type structural color.

[0061] Of course, in an optional embodiment of the present application, the anti-counterfeiting element 10 also includes a first color functional layer and a second color functional layer. The first color functional layer is disposed in the micro-graphic groove, and the second color functional layer is disposed on the surface of the reflective curved mirror 12. The first color functional layer includes one of a single-layer coating, a multi-layer coating, ink, a pigment, and a dye; and the second color functional layer includes one of a single-layer coating, a multi-layer coating, ink, a pigment, and a dye. The first color functional layer and the second color functional layer can be the same or different. When the micro-graphic structure 13 of the present application is planar, the first color functional layer and the second color functional layer are different.

[0062] The anti-counterfeiting element 10 of the present application is described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0063] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The figure shows a cross-sectional view of an anti-counterfeiting element 10 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, perpendicular to the surface of a substrate 11. The anti-counterfeiting element 10 includes a substrate 11 and a plurality of reflective curved mirrors 12 disposed on one side of the substrate 11. Some of the reflective curved mirrors 12 are provided with independent micro-graphic grooves, such as Figure 1 The three middle reflective curved mirrors 12 are further provided with a reflective layer 14. Multiple groups of reflective curved mirrors 12 with micro-image grooves are divided into three micro-image regions from the center to the edge of substrate 11. These three micro-image regions, from the center to the edge of substrate 11, include a first micro-image region 15, a second micro-image region 16, and a third micro-image region 17. The duty cycle of the first micro-image region 15 gradually decreases as the duty cycle of the third micro-image region 17 decreases. In other words, the duty cycle of the micro-image grooves in the first micro-image region 15 is greater than that in the second micro-image region 16, and the duty cycle of the micro-image grooves in the second micro-image region 16 is greater than that in the third micro-image region 17. After the reflective curved mirrors 12 sample and synthesize the micro-image grooves with which they have a coupling effect, the gradually increasing duty cycle of the micro-image grooves is reflected as the depth of field of the 3D pattern gradually increases. It should be noted that the three-dimensional pattern is at least partially suspended above the surface of the substrate 11 , and preferably the lowest end of the three-dimensional pattern is flush with the surface of the substrate 11 .

[0064] exist Figure 2In the image, the first micro-image area 15 includes a group of reflective curved mirrors 12 with micro-image structures 13. The first micro-image area 15 presents a side view of a three-dimensional pattern standing upright at a corresponding angle. The second micro-image area 16 includes two groups of reflective curved mirrors 12 with micro-image structures 13. The two groups have the same duty cycle. The two groups of reflective curved mirrors 12 with micro-image structures 13 are arranged to sandwich the first micro-image area 15. The projected area of ​​the three-dimensional pattern projected by the second micro-image area 16 on the substrate 11 is larger than the projected area of ​​the three-dimensional pattern projected by the first micro-image area 15 on the substrate 11. The third micro-image area 17 includes at least two groups of reflective curved mirrors 12 with micro-image structures 13. The two groups have the same duty cycle.

[0065] Specifically, when the micro-graphic structures 13 are arranged in a periodic array, they are displayed as three-dimensional patterns with different depths of field; when the micro-graphic structures 13 are arranged in a non-periodic array, they are displayed as three-dimensional patterns with continuous depths of field.

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , a top view of the anti-counterfeiting element 10 in this embodiment is shown. When non-periodic micro-image grooves are used in each reflective curved mirror 12, the micro-image grooves in each micro-image area do not have a fixed period. In this paper, the "duty cycle" is used to represent the density of the micro-image grooves. The larger the duty cycle of the micro-image grooves distributed in the reflective curved mirror 12, the denser the micro-image; conversely, the smaller the duty cycle, the sparser the micro-image. Figure 3 The figure shows a top view of a micro-graphic groove with a continuous depth of field. As can be seen, the maximum duty cycle of the micro-graphic groove results in a view with the smallest projected area. The maximum duty cycle of the micro-graphic groove indicates that the macro images of multiple frames are not clearly distinguishable, which is the actual image of the object when viewed from above.

[0067] like Figure 4 As shown in FIG, the design drawings of periodic micro-image grooves with different depths of field of the present application are shown. With periodic micro-image grooves, the density of the micro-image grooves in the micro-image area depends on the period size of the micro-image grooves. Figure 4 As shown, the micro-graphic groove has five micro-graphic areas with different periods. Each row represents a periodic arrangement. From the top row to the bottom row, the period of the micro-graphic areas gradually decreases. Preferably, a "floating" effect design is adopted, where the depth of field of the micro-graphic areas displayed as a three-dimensional image gradually decreases from the top row to the bottom row.

[0068] Specifically, the varying depths of field created by the periodic micro-graphic grooves in different micro-graphic regions are discontinuous. The micro-graphic grooves within each micro-graphic region are distinct, resulting in distinct 3D patterns with varying depths of field. Preferably, using graphics with related morphologies creates a coherent 3D pattern, which can embody a specific meaning in product applications and possess artistic value.

[0069] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the 3D pattern is designed with two models, including the original image of the object and the projected image of the object. The original image and the projected image of the object are modeled separately, or the object is transformed into a three-dimensional space, and the micro-image structure 13 after the reflective curved mirror 12 is used can be obtained.

[0070] like Figure 5 Figure 1 shows a design model for a three-dimensional pattern according to the present invention. Taking the three-dimensional object of the character "5" as an example, "what you see is what you get" is a common model for modeling three-dimensional objects. In this model, the three-dimensional object is presented with multiple frames of images at different tilt angles, each frame undergoing a certain rotation and scaling relative to the original object before tilting. The multiple frames of images 61, 62, 63, 64, and 65 at different viewing angles show the object rotating in a certain direction as the viewing angle changes.

[0071] Preferably, a spatial transformation matrix is ​​used to model objects at different viewing angles. The matrix is ​​described as:

[0072]

[0073] The three-dimensional matrix describes the rotation and scaling relationship of an object in three-dimensional space, solving the transformation model of the object in three-dimensional space. Using this model, multiple frames of images with different observation angles can be obtained, such as Figure 5 61 to 65 in the figure. By sampling multiple frames of images at different angles using the reflective curved mirror 12, a similar image can be obtained. Figure 3 The arrangement structure of the micro-graphic grooves in the Figure 5 The five frames of images in the figure correspond one to one with the five reflective curved mirrors 12. The one frame of image corresponding to each reflective curved mirror 12 is the projection effect of the combination of the two after the image is broken up and arranged in the reflective curved mirror 12 in the form of micro-image grooves.

[0074] like Figure 6 The three-dimensional pattern shown in the figure is another design model of the three-dimensional pattern of the present invention. The three-dimensional pattern shown has two models, except Figure 5 The original object in the image can also be a projection model of the object.

[0075] The projection model can also be obtained using the space transformation matrix. Compared with the original object model, the scaling parameters in the space transformation matrix need to be designed to obtain the three-dimensional pattern during projection. Figure 5 The difference between the original object model and the projection model is that when the observation angle approaches 0 degrees and 180 degrees, the image area of ​​the projection model is larger than the area of ​​the original object model.

[0076] It should be noted that when viewed from above, the multi-frame images generated by the two models are not much different.

[0077] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0078] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, tasks, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0079] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0080] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-counterfeiting element, characterized in that: include: substrate (11); A reflective curved mirror (12), wherein the reflective curved mirror (12) is multiple, and the multiple reflective curved mirrors (12) are arranged in an array on one side surface of the substrate (11); A micro-graphic structure (13), wherein at least a portion of the reflective curved mirror (12) is provided with an independent micro-graphic structure (13), and the micro-graphic structure (13) is divided into a plurality of micro-graphic areas from the center position to the edge position of the substrate (11) with the period of the reflective curved mirror (12) as a unit, and the duty ratio of the micro-graphic area located at the center position of the substrate (11) is greater than the duty ratio of the micro-graphic area located at the edge position of the substrate (11); After the reflective curved mirror (12) samples and synthesizes the micro-graphic structure (13) having a coupling effect therewith, a three-dimensional pattern is displayed with a depth of field, and the three-dimensional pattern is at least partially suspended on the side of the reflective curved mirror (12) away from the substrate (11); the minimum unit radian on each reflective curved mirror (12) having the micro-graphic structure (13) corresponds to a projection angle, so that when viewed at an angle on the side of the reflective curved mirror (12) away from the substrate (11), only the side of the three-dimensional pattern can be seen.

2. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-graphic structures (13) are arranged in a periodic array to display the three-dimensional patterns with different depths of field; or The micro-graphic structures (13) are arranged in a non-periodic array to display the three-dimensional pattern with a continuous depth of field.

3. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The duty ratio of the plurality of micro-image areas gradually decreases from the center position to the edge position of the substrate (11).

4. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-image structure (13) is a micro-image groove, and at least part of the micro-image groove in one of the reflective curved mirrors (12) passes through the top surface and the bottom surface of the reflective curved mirror (12).

5. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 4, characterized in that: The density of the micro-image grooves on the plurality of reflective curved mirrors (12) gradually decreases from the center position to the edge position of the substrate (11).

6. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the duty cycle of the micro-image area is at a maximum value, the projection area of ​​the three-dimensional pattern displayed by the micro-image area on the substrate (11) is the smallest, and the three-dimensional pattern is displayed upright on the side of the reflective curved mirror (12) away from the substrate (11).

7. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 6, characterized in that: When viewed at a partial angle on the side of the substrate (11) having the reflective curved mirror (12), a side view of the upright three-dimensional pattern can be seen.

8. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of micro-image and text areas sequentially include a first micro-image and text area (15), a second micro-image and text area (16), and a third micro-image and text area (17) from the center position to the edge position of the substrate (11), and the duty cycle of the first micro-image and text area (15) to the third micro-image and text area (17) gradually decreases.

9. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first micro-image area (15) comprises at least one set of the reflective curved mirrors (12) having the micro-image structure (13), and the first micro-image area (15) presents a side view of the three-dimensional pattern when standing upright at a corresponding angle.

10. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second micro-image area (16) comprises at least two groups of the reflective curved mirrors (12) having the micro-image structure (13), the two groups have the same duty cycle, and the two groups of the reflective curved mirrors (12) having the micro-image structure (13) are arranged to sandwich the first micro-image area (15), and the projection area of ​​the three-dimensional pattern displayed by the second micro-image area (16) on the substrate (11) is larger than the projection area of ​​the three-dimensional pattern displayed by the first micro-image area (15) on the substrate (11).

11. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 8, characterized in that: The third micro-image area (17) comprises at least two groups of reflective curved mirrors (12) having the micro-image structures (13), and the two groups have the same duty cycle.

12. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of reflective curved mirrors (12) are all convex mirrors or all concave mirrors.

13. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least some of the plurality of reflective curved mirrors (12) are arranged in a periodic array.

14. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-counterfeiting element further comprises a reflective layer (14), wherein the reflective layer (14) is arranged on a surface of the reflective curved mirror (12) on a side away from the substrate (11).

15. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 14, characterized in that: The reflective layer (14) comprises: Single metal coating; Multi-layer metal plating; A coating formed by an absorption layer, a low-refractive-index medium layer, and a reflective film layer; High refractive index dielectric layer coating; A multi-dielectric layer coating formed by sequentially stacking a first high-refractive-index dielectric layer, a low-refractive-index dielectric layer, and a second high-refractive-index dielectric layer; A coating formed by stacking an absorption layer, a high refractive index medium layer and a reflective film layer in sequence; One or more of the above.

16. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anti-counterfeiting element further includes a microstructure, which is arranged in the micro-image groove, and the microstructure includes one of a one-dimensional submicron structure, a two-dimensional submicron structure and an interference-type structural color.

17. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anti-counterfeiting element further comprises a first color functional layer and a second color functional layer, wherein the first color functional layer is arranged in the micro-image groove, and the second color functional layer is arranged on the surface of the reflective curved mirror (12). The first color functional layer comprises one of a single-layer coating, a multi-layer coating, ink, a pigment, and a dye; and / or The second color functional layer includes one of a single-layer coating, a multi-layer coating, ink, a pigment, and a dye.

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